marine log global greenship conference september 21, 2007 what’s on imo’s environmental agenda...

MARINE LOGMARINE LOGGLOBAL GREENSHIP CONFERENCE GLOBAL GREENSHIP CONFERENCE

SEPTEMBER 21, 2007SEPTEMBER 21, 2007

WHAT’S ON IMO’S WHAT’S ON IMO’S ENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTAL

AGENDAAGENDAJOSEPH ANGELOJOSEPH ANGELO

DIRECTOR, REGULATORY AFFAIRS DIRECTOR, REGULATORY AFFAIRS AND THE AMERICASAND THE AMERICAS

ENVIRONMENT ISSUESENVIRONMENT ISSUES

• SHIP RECYCLINGSHIP RECYCLING

• BALLAST WATERBALLAST WATER

• ANTI-FOULING SYSTEMS ANTI-FOULING SYSTEMS

• AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONS

• NEW WORK ITEMSNEW WORK ITEMS

SHIP RECYCLINGSHIP RECYCLINGNOV 2005 IMO AGREES TO DEVELOP NEW NOV 2005 IMO AGREES TO DEVELOP NEW

TREATY FOR SHIP RECYCLING TO TREATY FOR SHIP RECYCLING TO REGULATE:REGULATE:

• DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, OPERATION AND DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, OPERATION AND PREPARATION OF SHIP FOR SAFE, PREPARATION OF SHIP FOR SAFE, ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND RECYCLING ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND RECYCLING

• OPERATION OF RECYCLING FACILITIES IN OPERATION OF RECYCLING FACILITIES IN SAFE, ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND MANNERSAFE, ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND MANNER

• APPROPRIATE ENFORCEMENT OF BOTH APPROPRIATE ENFORCEMENT OF BOTH THROUGH CERTIFICATION/REPORTINGTHROUGH CERTIFICATION/REPORTING

SHIP RECYCLINGSHIP RECYCLING• MARINE ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION MARINE ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION

COMMITTEE (MEPC) OF IMO IS COMMITTEE (MEPC) OF IMO IS DEVELOPING NEW TREATYDEVELOPING NEW TREATY

• INITIAL DRAFT TREATY HAS BEEN INITIAL DRAFT TREATY HAS BEEN PRPARED AND IS UNDERGOING PRPARED AND IS UNDERGOING REVIEW AND REVISIONREVIEW AND REVISION

• TARGET IS TO ADOPT NEW TREATY AT TARGET IS TO ADOPT NEW TREATY AT INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE IN 2009 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE IN 2009 WITH ENTRY INTO FORCE IN 2012(?)WITH ENTRY INTO FORCE IN 2012(?)

SHIP RECYCLINGSHIP RECYCLINGMAJOR ELEMENTS OF TREATY (SHIP)–MAJOR ELEMENTS OF TREATY (SHIP)–

• CONTROL OF SHIP’S HAZARDOUS CONTROL OF SHIP’S HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (PROHIBIT OR RESTRICT)MATERIALS (PROHIBIT OR RESTRICT)

• SHIP INVENTORY OF HAZARDOUS SHIP INVENTORY OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALSMATERIALS

• SHIP RECYCLING PLANSHIP RECYCLING PLAN• READY FOR RECYCLINGREADY FOR RECYCLING• SHIP SURVEYS AND CERTIFICATIONSHIP SURVEYS AND CERTIFICATION• REPORTING (NOTIFY OF INTENT)REPORTING (NOTIFY OF INTENT)

SHIP RECYCLINGSHIP RECYCLINGMAJOR ELEMENTS (FACILITY) – MAJOR ELEMENTS (FACILITY) –

• STANDARDS FOR DESIGN/OPERATIONS STANDARDS FOR DESIGN/OPERATIONS • DOCUMENT OF AUTHORIZATIONDOCUMENT OF AUTHORIZATION• RECYCLING MANAGEMENT PLANRECYCLING MANAGEMENT PLAN• SAFE AND ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND SAFE AND ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND

OPERATIONAL PROCEDURESOPERATIONAL PROCEDURES• EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND

RESPONSE PLANRESPONSE PLAN• WORKER SAFETY AND TRAININGWORKER SAFETY AND TRAINING• REPORTING (UPON COMPLETION)REPORTING (UPON COMPLETION)

SHIP RECYCLINGSHIP RECYCLINGNEXT STEPS:NEXT STEPS:• JAN 2008 – INTERSESSIONAL WORKING JAN 2008 – INTERSESSIONAL WORKING

GROUP MEETING IN NANTES, FRANCEGROUP MEETING IN NANTES, FRANCE

• APRIL 2008 – MEPC 57, ARTICLE BY ARTICLE, APRIL 2008 – MEPC 57, ARTICLE BY ARTICLE, REGULATION BY REGULATION REVIEW OF REGULATION BY REGULATION REVIEW OF TREATYTREATY

• OCT 2008 – MEPC 58, FINALIZE DRAFT OCT 2008 – MEPC 58, FINALIZE DRAFT CONVENTIONCONVENTION

• APRIL 2009 (?) – DIPLOMATIC CONFERENCEAPRIL 2009 (?) – DIPLOMATIC CONFERENCE

BALLAST WATERBALLAST WATER• INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR

THE CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT OF THE CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT OF SHIPS’ BALLAST WATER (BWM SHIPS’ BALLAST WATER (BWM CONVENTION) ADOPTED IN 2004CONVENTION) ADOPTED IN 2004

• ENTRY INTO FORCE CONDITIONS – 30 ENTRY INTO FORCE CONDITIONS – 30 STATES, REPRESENTING 35% OF THE STATES, REPRESENTING 35% OF THE WORLD’S GROSS TONNAGEWORLD’S GROSS TONNAGE

• CURRENTLY, 10 STATES, 4% OF THE CURRENTLY, 10 STATES, 4% OF THE WORLD’S GROSS TONNAGE (NOT USA)WORLD’S GROSS TONNAGE (NOT USA)

BALLAST WATERBALLAST WATER

REGULATION D-2 BALLAST WATER REGULATION D-2 BALLAST WATER STANDARD –STANDARD –

- 10 VIABLE ORGANISMS PER CUBIC - 10 VIABLE ORGANISMS PER CUBIC METER GREATER THAN OR EQUAL METER GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO 50 MICROMETERS TO 50 MICROMETERS

- 10 VIABLE ORGANISMS PER- 10 VIABLE ORGANISMS PER MILLILITER LESS THAN 50 MILLILITER LESS THAN 50 MICROMETERS AND EQUAL TO OR MICROMETERS AND EQUAL TO OR GREATER THAN 10 MICROMETERS GREATER THAN 10 MICROMETERS

BALLAST WATERBALLAST WATERREGULATION B-3 SCHEDULE FOR REGULATION B-3 SCHEDULE FOR

COMPLIANCE WITH D-2 STANDARD:COMPLIANCE WITH D-2 STANDARD:• 2009 – SHIPS CONSTRUCTED IN OR AFTER 2009 2009 – SHIPS CONSTRUCTED IN OR AFTER 2009

WITH BW CAPACITY LESS THAN 5,000 CMWITH BW CAPACITY LESS THAN 5,000 CM• 2012 – SHIPS CONSTRUCTED IN OR AFTER 2012 2012 – SHIPS CONSTRUCTED IN OR AFTER 2012

WITH BW CAPACITY OF 5,000 CM OR MOREWITH BW CAPACITY OF 5,000 CM OR MORE• 2014 – SHIPS CONSTRUCTED BEFORE 2009 2014 – SHIPS CONSTRUCTED BEFORE 2009

WITH BW CAPACITY BETWEEN 1,500 & 5,000 CMWITH BW CAPACITY BETWEEN 1,500 & 5,000 CM• 2016 – SHIPS CONSTRUCTED BEFORE 2009 2016 – SHIPS CONSTRUCTED BEFORE 2009

WITH BW CAPACITY LESS THAN 1,500 OR WITH BW CAPACITY LESS THAN 1,500 OR GREATER THAN 5,000 CMGREATER THAN 5,000 CM

BALLAST WATERBALLAST WATERREGULATION D-5 REQUIRES REVIEW OF REGULATION D-5 REQUIRES REVIEW OF

STANDARD THREE YEARS BEFORE STANDARD THREE YEARS BEFORE EARLIEST EFFECTIVE DATE (2006) TO EARLIEST EFFECTIVE DATE (2006) TO DETERMINE IF TECHNOLOGIES ARE DETERMINE IF TECHNOLOGIES ARE AVAILABLE TO MEET STANDARDAVAILABLE TO MEET STANDARD

REVIEW GROUP HAS MET (THREE TIMES) REVIEW GROUP HAS MET (THREE TIMES) AND CONCLUDED - AND CONCLUDED -

“ “A LIMITED NUMBER OF TECHNOLOGIES A LIMITED NUMBER OF TECHNOLOGIES WILL BE AVAILABLE TO MEET THE WILL BE AVAILABLE TO MEET THE FIRST IMPLEMENTATION DATE (2009)”FIRST IMPLEMENTATION DATE (2009)”


REVIEW GROUP REPORT ON APPROVALSREVIEW GROUP REPORT ON APPROVALS

- TYPE APPROVAL - TYPE APPROVAL NONENONE- FINAL APPROVAL - FINAL APPROVAL 1 1 (PUREBALLAST SYSTEM)(PUREBALLAST SYSTEM)- BASIC APPROVAL - BASIC APPROVAL 6 6- UNDER DEVELOPMENTUNDER DEVELOPMENT 8 8 (DO NOT NEED IMO APPROVAL)(DO NOT NEED IMO APPROVAL)

(SYSTEMS USING “ACTIVE SUBSTANCES” (SYSTEMS USING “ACTIVE SUBSTANCES” REQUIRE IMO “FINAL” APPROVAL)REQUIRE IMO “FINAL” APPROVAL)


SHIPOWNERS FACE A CONVENTION SHIPOWNERS FACE A CONVENTION REQUIREMENT TO INSTALL REQUIREMENT TO INSTALL EQUIPMENT THAT MEETS A STANDARD EQUIPMENT THAT MEETS A STANDARD BY A CERTAIN DATE,BY A CERTAIN DATE, BUTBUT

THE UNAVAILABILITY OF BALLAST THE UNAVAILABILITY OF BALLAST WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES PREVENTS THE SHIPOWNER FROM PREVENTS THE SHIPOWNER FROM COMPLYING, RESULTING IN THE COMPLYING, RESULTING IN THE POSSIBILITY OF BEING PENALIZEDPOSSIBILITY OF BEING PENALIZED

BALLAST WATERBALLAST WATERMEPC 57 (MARCH /APRIL 2008) EXPECTED MEPC 57 (MARCH /APRIL 2008) EXPECTED

TO MAKE FINAL DECISION, TO MAKE FINAL DECISION, HOWEVERHOWEVERLEGAL MECHANISM TO CORRECT LEGAL MECHANISM TO CORRECT

ENFORCEMENT PROBLEM REMAINS –ENFORCEMENT PROBLEM REMAINS –

- - EXPEDITE PROCESS TO AMEND BWM EXPEDITE PROCESS TO AMEND BWM CONVENTION CONVENTION- MEPC RESOLUTION CALLING ON STATES- MEPC RESOLUTION CALLING ON STATES NOT TO ENFORCE FIRST COMPLIANCE DATE NOT TO ENFORCE FIRST COMPLIANCE DATE- - DEVELOP NEW PROTOCOL WITH NEWDEVELOP NEW PROTOCOL WITH NEW COMPLIANCE DATES COMPLIANCE DATES

BALLAST WATERBALLAST WATERNEXT STEPS BY MEPC:NEXT STEPS BY MEPC:

• DECIDE IF TECHNOLOGIES ARE DECIDE IF TECHNOLOGIES ARE AVAILABLE TO MEET D-2 STANDARD AVAILABLE TO MEET D-2 STANDARD BY B-3 COMPLIANCE DATES;BY B-3 COMPLIANCE DATES;

• IF NOT, DECIDE WHAT CHANGES NEED IF NOT, DECIDE WHAT CHANGES NEED TO BE MADE TO B-3 COMPLIANCE TO BE MADE TO B-3 COMPLIANCE SCHEDULE (OR D-2 STANDARD?);SCHEDULE (OR D-2 STANDARD?);

• AGREE ON LEGAL MECHANISM TO AGREE ON LEGAL MECHANISM TO IMPLEMENT THESE CHANGESIMPLEMENT THESE CHANGES

ANTI-FOULING SYSTEMSANTI-FOULING SYSTEMS• INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON THE

CONTROL OF HARMFUL ANTI-FOULING CONTROL OF HARMFUL ANTI-FOULING SYSTEMS ON SHIPS (AFS SYSTEMS ON SHIPS (AFS CONVENTION) ADOPTED IN 2001CONVENTION) ADOPTED IN 2001

• ENTRY INTO FORCE CONDITIONS – 25 ENTRY INTO FORCE CONDITIONS – 25 STATES, REPRESENTING 25% OF THE STATES, REPRESENTING 25% OF THE WORLD’S GROSS TONNAGEWORLD’S GROSS TONNAGE

• CURRENTLY, 24 STATES, 16.63% OF CURRENTLY, 24 STATES, 16.63% OF THE WORLD’S GROSS TONNAGETHE WORLD’S GROSS TONNAGE

ANTI-FOULING SYSTEMSANTI-FOULING SYSTEMS• AT MEPC 56 (JULY 2007) PANAMA AT MEPC 56 (JULY 2007) PANAMA

(21.46%) ANNOUNCED THAT (21.46%) ANNOUNCED THAT FOLLOWING APPROVAL FROM THEIR FOLLOWING APPROVAL FROM THEIR PARLIAMENT, THEY WILL ACCEDE PARLIAMENT, THEY WILL ACCEDE “VERY SOON”“VERY SOON”

• CONVENTION WOULD ENTER INTO CONVENTION WOULD ENTER INTO FORCE ONE YEAR AFTER PANAMA FORCE ONE YEAR AFTER PANAMA DEPOSITS ITS RATIFICATIONDEPOSITS ITS RATIFICATION

• US IS CURRENTLY NOT A PARTYUS IS CURRENTLY NOT A PARTY

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONS• SEPT 1997 – IMO ADOPTS ANNEX VI TO SEPT 1997 – IMO ADOPTS ANNEX VI TO

MARPOL, REGS FOR THE PREVENTION MARPOL, REGS FOR THE PREVENTION OF AIR POLLUTION FROM SHIPSOF AIR POLLUTION FROM SHIPS

• MAY 2005 – ANNEX VI ENTERS INTO MAY 2005 – ANNEX VI ENTERS INTO FOR INTERNATIONALLYFOR INTERNATIONALLY(USA CURRENTLY NOT PARTY)(USA CURRENTLY NOT PARTY)

• JULY 2005 – MEPC 53 DECIDES ANNEX JULY 2005 – MEPC 53 DECIDES ANNEX VI SHOULD BE REVISED TO REDUCE VI SHOULD BE REVISED TO REDUCE AIR EMISSIONS FROM SHIPSAIR EMISSIONS FROM SHIPS

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONSIMO ANNEX VI REVISION TIMETABLEIMO ANNEX VI REVISION TIMETABLE

• MEPC 54 (March 2006) – Proposals for revision. The MEPC 54 (March 2006) – Proposals for revision. The work is delegated to BLG Sub-Committeework is delegated to BLG Sub-Committee

• BLG 10 (April 2006) – Initial review of the proposals BLG 10 (April 2006) – Initial review of the proposals and documents (over 30 documents)and documents (over 30 documents)

• Two correspondence groups (April – October 2006)Two correspondence groups (April – October 2006)• INTERSESSIONAL MEETING OSLO (November 2006) INTERSESSIONAL MEETING OSLO (November 2006) • BLG 11 (April 2007) – considerBLG 11 (April 2007) – consider draft proposals for draft proposals for

revised Annex VI, the NOx Code and Guidelinesrevised Annex VI, the NOx Code and Guidelines• MEPC 56 (July 2007)MEPC 56 (July 2007), BLG 12 (Feb 2008) & MEPC 57 , BLG 12 (Feb 2008) & MEPC 57

(March 2008) – final rounds for approval(March 2008) – final rounds for approval

AIR EMISSIONS - USAIR EMISSIONS - US• FEB 2003 - EPA ISSUES REGULATIONS FEB 2003 - EPA ISSUES REGULATIONS

FOR ENGINES INSTALLED ON US SHIPS FOR ENGINES INSTALLED ON US SHIPS THAT MIRROR ANNEX VI STANDARDSTHAT MIRROR ANNEX VI STANDARDS

• PREAMBLE STATES - EPA COMMITTING PREAMBLE STATES - EPA COMMITTING TO TAKE FURTHER ACTION FOR MARINE TO TAKE FURTHER ACTION FOR MARINE DIESEL ENGINES BY APRIL 2007 ON US DIESEL ENGINES BY APRIL 2007 ON US AND FOREIGN FLAG SHIPSAND FOREIGN FLAG SHIPS

• EPA INDICATES THEY WILL GIVE IMO EPA INDICATES THEY WILL GIVE IMO DISCUSSIONS ON REVISION OF ANNEX DISCUSSIONS ON REVISION OF ANNEX VI TIME TO MATURE BEFORE ACTINGVI TIME TO MATURE BEFORE ACTING

AIR EMISSIONS - USAIR EMISSIONS - USAPRIL 27 – US EPA ISSUES DIRECT FINAL APRIL 27 – US EPA ISSUES DIRECT FINAL

RULE FOR LARGE MARINE ENGINES RULE FOR LARGE MARINE ENGINES

• EXTENDS TO DECEMBER 17, 2009 THE DATE EXTENDS TO DECEMBER 17, 2009 THE DATE FOR ADOPTION OF FINAL RULE TO FOR ADOPTION OF FINAL RULE TO REGULATE NEW ENGINES AT OR ABOVE 30 REGULATE NEW ENGINES AT OR ABOVE 30 LITERS/CYLINDER DISPLACEMENTLITERS/CYLINDER DISPLACEMENT

• STATES EPA IS WORKING THROUGH IMO TO STATES EPA IS WORKING THROUGH IMO TO DEVELOP MORE STRINGENT INTERNATIONAL DEVELOP MORE STRINGENT INTERNATIONAL AIR EMISSION STANDARDS ON SHIPSAIR EMISSION STANDARDS ON SHIPS

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONS• COVERED BY ANNEX VICOVERED BY ANNEX VI

– Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) – create OzoneOxides of Nitrogen (NOx) – create Ozone– Sulphur Oxides (SOx) – create acidificationSulphur Oxides (SOx) – create acidification– Hydrocarbons (HC) – gas, soot and some Hydrocarbons (HC) – gas, soot and some

particulatesparticulates– Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)– Refrigerant GasesRefrigerant Gases

• NOT COVERED (CURRENTLY) BY ANNEX VINOT COVERED (CURRENTLY) BY ANNEX VI– Particulate MatterParticulate Matter– Carbon Dioxide (COCarbon Dioxide (CO22) ) – Carbon Monoxide (CO)Carbon Monoxide (CO)

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONSPROPOSALS FOR AMENDMENTSPROPOSALS FOR AMENDMENTS

- Lower - Lower limits for SOx & NOx emissionslimits for SOx & NOx emissions- - SECAs with lower S cap (1.0% or 0.5%)SECAs with lower S cap (1.0% or 0.5%)- NOx emission limitation on existing engines- NOx emission limitation on existing engines- - NECAs – NOx controlled areasNECAs – NOx controlled areas- Restrict Particulate Matters (PM) emissions- Restrict Particulate Matters (PM) emissions- - Restrict on VOC emissions from cargo oil Restrict on VOC emissions from cargo oil

tanks tanks - Restriction on CO- Restriction on CO22 emissions emissions

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONS

• INITIAL PROPOSALS FOCUSED ON AIR INITIAL PROPOSALS FOCUSED ON AIR EMISSIONS STANDARDS AND EMISSIONS STANDARDS AND ABATEMENT EQUIPMENTABATEMENT EQUIPMENT

• FUEL STANDARD WAS FUEL STANDARD WAS NOTNOT BEING BEING CONSIDERED CONSIDERED

• MAIN PURPOSE OF INTERTANKO MAIN PURPOSE OF INTERTANKO SUBMISSION WAS TO “PRESENT SUBMISSION WAS TO “PRESENT ISSUES THAT MERIT FURTHER ISSUES THAT MERIT FURTHER DISCUSSION BY IMO WORKING GROUP DISCUSSION BY IMO WORKING GROUP WHEN CONSIDERING REVSION OF WHEN CONSIDERING REVSION OF ANNEX VI OF MARPOL”ANNEX VI OF MARPOL”

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONSINTERTANKO SUBMISSIONINTERTANKO SUBMISSION

• DISTILLATE FUELS WITH SULPHUR CAP:DISTILLATE FUELS WITH SULPHUR CAP:- FROM [2010], MAXIMUM OF 1% SULPHUR- FROM [2010], MAXIMUM OF 1% SULPHUR- FOR ENGINES INSTALLED AFTER [2015],- FOR ENGINES INSTALLED AFTER [2015], MAXIMUM OF 0.5% SULPHUR MAXIMUM OF 0.5% SULPHUR

• GLOBAL SULPHUR EMISSION CONTROL GLOBAL SULPHUR EMISSION CONTROL AREAAREA

• REVISION OF CHECKING AND MONITORING REVISION OF CHECKING AND MONITORING OF COMPLIANCEOF COMPLIANCE

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONSIMO WORKING GROUP PROPOSALS – SOXIMO WORKING GROUP PROPOSALS – SOX

A. A. Status QuoStatus Quo - No change - No change

B. B. Sulphur Emissions Control Area (SECA)Sulphur Emissions Control Area (SECA)::– A global sulphur cap (unchanged or lower value) A global sulphur cap (unchanged or lower value) – SECA sulphur cap lowered in two tiers:SECA sulphur cap lowered in two tiers:

• 1.0% in [2010]1.0% in [2010]• 0.5% in [2015]0.5% in [2015]

C1. C1. Change to distillate fuelsChange to distillate fuels (ref. INTERTANKO): (ref. INTERTANKO):– Use of distillate fuels for all shipsUse of distillate fuels for all ships– A global sulphur cap in two tiers: A global sulphur cap in two tiers:

• 1.0% in [2012]1.0% in [2012]• 0.5% in [2015]0.5% in [2015]

– Include in MARPOL Annex VI the specification for the distillate Include in MARPOL Annex VI the specification for the distillate fuel to be used by shipsfuel to be used by ships

C2. C2. Global capGlobal cap – As C1 but allows use of residual fuel + scrubbers – As C1 but allows use of residual fuel + scrubbers


• IMO BULK LIQUID & GASES (BLG) IMO BULK LIQUID & GASES (BLG) SUBCOMMITTEE MET APRIL 16-20 TO SUBCOMMITTEE MET APRIL 16-20 TO CONSIDER THE OUTCOME OF ITS CONSIDER THE OUTCOME OF ITS NOVEMBER WG MEETINGNOVEMBER WG MEETING

• ADDITIONAL SUBMISSIONS MADE BY ADDITIONAL SUBMISSIONS MADE BY THE US, NORWAY, SWEDEN, ICS, THE US, NORWAY, SWEDEN, ICS, OCIMF, BIMCO, FOEI AND OTHERSOCIMF, BIMCO, FOEI AND OTHERS

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONSUSA PROPOSALUSA PROPOSAL

• SOx & PM – globally, consider INTERTANKO proposal for MDO [with 0.5% S cap]

• SOx & PM – emission limits at [200] nm from shore as from 2011 [0.1% S cap]

• NOx standards for existing (pre-2000) engines - 20% reduction

• NOx for new engines:– Tier II - 15% – 25% as from 2011– Tier III - 80% only in defined areas

(NECAs) as from 2016

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONSBIMCO PROPOSALBIMCO PROPOSAL

RETAIN THE CURRENT ANNEX VI STRUCTURE, BUT RETAIN THE CURRENT ANNEX VI STRUCTURE, BUT

LOWER EMISSION LIMITS GLOBALLY AND IN SECAsLOWER EMISSION LIMITS GLOBALLY AND IN SECAs

GLOBALLYGLOBALLY- - 3% SULPHUR CAP IN 2012 3% SULPHUR CAP IN 2012- - 1.5% SULPHUR CAP IN 20161.5% SULPHUR CAP IN 2016- - USE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIESUSE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES

IN SECAs SHIPS SHOULD USE MDO ONLYIN SECAs SHIPS SHOULD USE MDO ONLY- 1% SULPHUR CAP IN 2011- 1% SULPHUR CAP IN 2011- 0.5% SULPHUR CAP IN 2015- 0.5% SULPHUR CAP IN 2015- ALSO USE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES - ALSO USE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONSOUTCOME FROM BLG MEETING:OUTCOME FROM BLG MEETING:

• RETAIN 6 OPTIONS, 4 FROM WG MTG RETAIN 6 OPTIONS, 4 FROM WG MTG PLUS US AND BIMCO OPTIONS; ANDPLUS US AND BIMCO OPTIONS; AND

• IMO SECRETARY GENERAL WILL IMO SECRETARY GENERAL WILL PROPOSE STUDY TO DETERMINE THE PROPOSE STUDY TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTS OF THE OPTIONSEFFECTS OF THE OPTIONS

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONSMEPC 56 MET IN JULY 9 – 13 MEPC 56 MET IN JULY 9 – 13 “ “NOTES” OUTCOME OF BLG 11NOTES” OUTCOME OF BLG 11

NEXT STEPS AT IMO: NEXT STEPS AT IMO: • IMO SG INITIATES STUDYIMO SG INITIATES STUDY• BLG WORKING GROUP MEETING IN BLG WORKING GROUP MEETING IN

OCTOBER IN GERMANYOCTOBER IN GERMANY• BLG MEETS FEBRUARY 2008BLG MEETS FEBRUARY 2008• MEPC 57 MEETS MARCH/APRIL 2008MEPC 57 MEETS MARCH/APRIL 2008

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONSTWO BASIC ALTERNATIVESTWO BASIC ALTERNATIVES

• ““CLEAN” FUELSCLEAN” FUELS - Low sulfur residual fuel oils (LSRFO)- Low sulfur residual fuel oils (LSRFO) - Distillate fuels (MDO) - Distillate fuels (MDO)

And/OrAnd/Or

• SHIPBOARD TECHNOLOGYSHIPBOARD TECHNOLOGY

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONSLSRFO FUELSLSRFO FUELS

• Increase storage capacity for LSRFO• Segregation of HSFO and LSF/MDO tanks• Requires fuel switching • Additional storage for lower BN number

lube/cylinder oil• Manifolds modifications for bunkering & fuel

sampling• Requires the use of exhaust gas scrubbers• Availability (?)• Cost (?)

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONSDISTILLATE FUELS (MDO)DISTILLATE FUELS (MDO)

• Applies to ALL existing ships/engines• With no other measure, immediately reduces:

– SOx emissions by 80% to 90%– PM emissions by 90%– NOx emissions by 10% to 15%

• Reduces fuel consumption by some 4% for ALL Ships• Facilitates further NOx reductions by in-engine

modifications for IMO’s Tier II & III• Eliminates the need of retrofitting of additional bunker

storage capacity and associated piping• Eliminates current onboard fuel treatment plants -

additional cargo volume

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONSOTHER ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS OF MDO OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS OF MDO

• SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCES ONBOARD SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCES ONBOARD ENGINEROOM GENERATED WASTEENGINEROOM GENERATED WASTE

• ““CLEANER” WASTE, FREE OF HAZARDOUS CLEANER” WASTE, FREE OF HAZARDOUS ELEMENTS FOUND IN RESIDUAL FUELSELEMENTS FOUND IN RESIDUAL FUELS

• NEGATES NEED FOR ABATEMENT NEGATES NEED FOR ABATEMENT TECHNOLOGY AND ASSOCIATED WASTES TECHNOLOGY AND ASSOCIATED WASTES AND DISPOSAL OF SUCH WASTEAND DISPOSAL OF SUCH WASTE

• POTENTIAL BUNKER SPILLS SIGNIFICANTLY POTENTIAL BUNKER SPILLS SIGNIFICANTLY LESS HARMFULLESS HARMFUL


SAFETY BENEFITS OF MDOSAFETY BENEFITS OF MDO

• LESS INCIDENTS WITH ENGINE LESS INCIDENTS WITH ENGINE BREAKDOWNS DUE TO POOR QUALITY BREAKDOWNS DUE TO POOR QUALITY FUELSFUELS

• NO NEED FOR COMPLEX FUEL CHANGE NO NEED FOR COMPLEX FUEL CHANGE OVER OPERATIONSOVER OPERATIONS

• NO RISK OF INCOMPATIBILITY OF BLENDED NO RISK OF INCOMPATIBILITY OF BLENDED FUELSFUELS

• SAFER WORKING ENVIRONMENT FOR SHIPS SAFER WORKING ENVIRONMENT FOR SHIPS CREWCREW


UNRESOLVED ISSUESUNRESOLVED ISSUESRELATED TO RELATED TO MDOMDO

• AVAILABILITYAVAILABILITY

• COSTCOST

• CO2CO2

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONS SHIPBOARD TECHNOLOGIESSHIPBOARD TECHNOLOGIES• Scrubber technologies are not yet proven and Scrubber technologies are not yet proven and

have their own environmental as well as have their own environmental as well as economic and availability challenges economic and availability challenges

• ““Cold ironing” - with associated problems like Cold ironing” - with associated problems like lack of international standards forlack of international standards for– voltage/frequency of powervoltage/frequency of power– shore/ship connection systems andshore/ship connection systems and– compatibility with shipboard requirements for power compatibility with shipboard requirements for power

supply for hydraulic power sources (compressors supply for hydraulic power sources (compressors needing up to several MW) needing up to several MW)

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONSEXHAUST GAS SCRUBBERSEXHAUST GAS SCRUBBERS

Storage Storage tank for tank for solid solid wastewaste

Filters for PMFilters for PM

Water Water waste waste treatment treatment plantplant

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONS- For a main engine of 20 MW, seawater up to 22,000 t/day needs to be processed(45 t/hr/MW*) (supplemented with some 6,500 t/day to lower pH)

- Up to 100 kg/day of hazardous sludge (5kg/day/MW*)

* data supplied by Krystallon

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONSSCRUBBERSSCRUBBERS• EXTREMELY LARGE IN SIZE TAKING EXTREMELY LARGE IN SIZE TAKING

CONSIDERABLE SPACE ON SHIPCONSIDERABLE SPACE ON SHIP• MORE THAN ONE NEEDED FOR MOST SHIPS, MORE THAN ONE NEEDED FOR MOST SHIPS,

UP TO FOUR FOR LARGER SHIPSUP TO FOUR FOR LARGER SHIPS• MASSIVE AMOUNTS OF WATER NEEDED ON A MASSIVE AMOUNTS OF WATER NEEDED ON A

CONTINUAL BASISCONTINUAL BASIS• NEW WASTE STREAM FROM SHIP THAT MUST NEW WASTE STREAM FROM SHIP THAT MUST

BE DISPOSED AT SEA OR ASHOREBE DISPOSED AT SEA OR ASHORE• ADDITIONAL SHIP OPERATIONAL ADDITIONAL SHIP OPERATIONAL

PROCESSES AND PROCEDURES FOR PROCESSES AND PROCEDURES FOR ALREADY OVERWORKED CREWALREADY OVERWORKED CREW

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONS• SCRUBBER INSTALLATION

– 4 scrubbers/ship– time to retroift – at least 30 days/ship– 100 shipyards (ships over 30,000 dwt)

• RETROFIT ( 1 ship/shipyard every day):– for 10,00O ships: 8+ years– for 15,000 ships: 12.5 years

• RETROFIT ( 2 ships/shipyard every day):– for 10,00O ships: 4 years– for 15,000 ships: 6+ years


UNRESOLVED ISSUESUNRESOLVED ISSUESRELATED TO RELATED TO SCRUBBERSSCRUBBERS

• AVAILABILITYAVAILABILITY

• COSTCOST

• CO2CO2

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONSFOR THOSE THAT ADVOCATE A CHOICE FOR FOR THOSE THAT ADVOCATE A CHOICE FOR

COMPLIANCE, ARE THEY CERTAIN THEY COMPLIANCE, ARE THEY CERTAIN THEY WILL HAVE A CHOICE??WILL HAVE A CHOICE??

WILL THE FUEL PRODUCERS ENSURE WILL THE FUEL PRODUCERS ENSURE ADEQUATE SUPPLIES OF MDO WORLDWIDE ADEQUATE SUPPLIES OF MDO WORLDWIDE FOR THOSE SHIPOWNERS THAT DO NOT FOR THOSE SHIPOWNERS THAT DO NOT WISH TO USE SCRUBBERS??WISH TO USE SCRUBBERS??

ORORWILL ALL SHIPOWNERS HAVE TO INSTALL AND WILL ALL SHIPOWNERS HAVE TO INSTALL AND

USE SCRUBBERS IN CASE MDO IS NOT USE SCRUBBERS IN CASE MDO IS NOT AVAILABLE WORLDWIDE??AVAILABLE WORLDWIDE??

AIR EMISSIONSAIR EMISSIONSWHO SHOULD BE RESPONSIBLE FOR WHO SHOULD BE RESPONSIBLE FOR

VERIFICATION AND COMPLIANCE?VERIFICATION AND COMPLIANCE?• SHIPOWNERSHIPOWNER for:

– Cost and installation of technology– Combustion process– Exhaust gas emission standards– Disposal of by-products

OROR• FUEL SUPPLIERFUEL SUPPLIER for:

– Quality of fuel supplied AND• ENGINE MANUFACTURERSENGINE MANUFACTURERS

– Facilitate engine design that copes with a predictable rule development on lowering emissions


Marine Diesel OilMarine Diesel Oil ADDRESSES ADDRESSES THE ROOT CAUSE OFTHE ROOT CAUSE OF

AIR POLLUTION FROM SHIPSAIR POLLUTION FROM SHIPS

RATHER THAN THE EFFECTS OFRATHER THAN THE EFFECTS OF CLEANING UP THE AIR POLLUTIONCLEANING UP THE AIR POLLUTION

ON THE SHIPON THE SHIP AFTER IT HAS BEEN CREATEDAFTER IT HAS BEEN CREATED


HOPEFULLY THE IMO HOPEFULLY THE IMO SECRETARY GENERAL’S SECRETARY GENERAL’S

“EXPERTS” STUDY GROUP“EXPERTS” STUDY GROUP WILL RESOLVE THESE ISSUES WILL RESOLVE THESE ISSUES

SO MEPC 57 CAN MAKE A SO MEPC 57 CAN MAKE A DECISION ON THE REVISION OF DECISION ON THE REVISION OF

ANNEX VIANNEX VI

NEW WORK ITEMSNEW WORK ITEMS

• DEVELOPMENT OF MEASURES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF MEASURES FOR MINIMIZING THE TRANSLOCATION OF MINIMIZING THE TRANSLOCATION OF INVASIVE AQUATIC SPECIES THROUGH INVASIVE AQUATIC SPECIES THROUGH BIFOULING OF SHIPSBIFOULING OF SHIPS

• ELECTRONIC MEANS TO CONTROL OIL ELECTRONIC MEANS TO CONTROL OIL DISCHARGE FROM SHIPSDISCHARGE FROM SHIPS

• NEAR MISS REPORTINGNEAR MISS REPORTING

NEW WORK ITEMSNEW WORK ITEMS• AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND AND THE UK AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND AND THE UK

PROPOSE THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROPOSE THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL MEASURES TO MINIMIZE THE INTERNATIONAL MEASURES TO MINIMIZE THE TRANSLOCATION OF INVASIVE AQUATIC TRANSLOCATION OF INVASIVE AQUATIC SPECIES THROUGH BIOFOULING OF SHIPSSPECIES THROUGH BIOFOULING OF SHIPS

• MEASURES COULD INCLUDE GUIDELINES, MEASURES COULD INCLUDE GUIDELINES, NEW CONVENTION OR LINKS TO EXISTING NEW CONVENTION OR LINKS TO EXISTING CONVENTIONS (AFS or BWM CONVENTIONS)CONVENTIONS (AFS or BWM CONVENTIONS)

• ISSUES INCLUDE PAINT APPLICATION, IN ISSUES INCLUDE PAINT APPLICATION, IN WATER CLEANING, MINIMIZING BIOFOULING WATER CLEANING, MINIMIZING BIOFOULING AND STANDARDS FOR MAINTENANCEAND STANDARDS FOR MAINTENANCE

• HIGH PRIORITY ITEM ADDED TO BULK LIQUIDS HIGH PRIORITY ITEM ADDED TO BULK LIQUIDS AND GASES (BLG) SUBCOMMITTEE AGENDAAND GASES (BLG) SUBCOMMITTEE AGENDA

NEW WORK ITEMSNEW WORK ITEMS• DOMINICA PROPOSES ELECTRONIC OIL DOMINICA PROPOSES ELECTRONIC OIL

DISCHARGE MONITORING SYSTEM TO DISCHARGE MONITORING SYSTEM TO SUPPLEMENT/REPLACE OIL RECORD BOOKSUPPLEMENT/REPLACE OIL RECORD BOOK

• SYSTEM WOULD ELECTRONICALLY RECORD SYSTEM WOULD ELECTRONICALLY RECORD ALL DISCHARGES OVERBOARD OR TO A ALL DISCHARGES OVERBOARD OR TO A RECEPTION FACILITYRECEPTION FACILITY

• ELECTRONIC ALARMS FOR MONITORING ELECTRONIC ALARMS FOR MONITORING VALVES, DETECT TAMPERING AND FAILURE OF VALVES, DETECT TAMPERING AND FAILURE OF OIL DISCHARGE SYSTEMOIL DISCHARGE SYSTEM

• HIGH PRIORITY ITEM ADDED TO SHIP DESIGN HIGH PRIORITY ITEM ADDED TO SHIP DESIGN AND EQUIPMENT (DE) SUBCOMMITTEE AGENDAAND EQUIPMENT (DE) SUBCOMMITTEE AGENDA

NEW WORK ITEMS NEW WORK ITEMS

• HUMAN ELEMENT WORKING GROUP HUMAN ELEMENT WORKING GROUP CONSIDERS INFO SUBMITTED BY LIBERIA CONSIDERS INFO SUBMITTED BY LIBERIA AND IFSMA ON REPORTING OF NEAR MISSESAND IFSMA ON REPORTING OF NEAR MISSES

• AGREE THAT GUIDANCE IS NEEDED TO AGREE THAT GUIDANCE IS NEEDED TO ENCOURAGE COMPANIES AND SEAFARERS ENCOURAGE COMPANIES AND SEAFARERS TO DOCUMENT/RECORD INFO ON NEAR TO DOCUMENT/RECORD INFO ON NEAR MISSES TO IDENTIFY UNDERLYING CAUSES MISSES TO IDENTIFY UNDERLYING CAUSES SO ACCIDENTS CAN BE PREVENTEDSO ACCIDENTS CAN BE PREVENTED

• MEPC INVITES COMMENTS ON DRAFT MEPC INVITES COMMENTS ON DRAFT GUIDELINES FOR NEAR MISS REPORTING GUIDELINES FOR NEAR MISS REPORTING

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

THE THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT MARINE ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION COMMITTEEPROTECTION COMMITTEE

OF IMOOF IMO IS ALIVE AND WELL IS ALIVE AND WELL

AND IS ACTIVELY TAKING NUMEROUS AND IS ACTIVELY TAKING NUMEROUS STEPS TO STEPS TO PROTECT THE MARINE PROTECT THE MARINE

ENVIRONMENT WORLDWIDEENVIRONMENT WORLDWIDE

THANKTHANKYOUYOU

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marine log global greenship conference september 21, 2007 what’s on imo’s environmental agenda...

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