marine nuclear propulsion - kivi · 2017. 11. 15. · naval surface ship nuclear propulsion 15...

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Marine Nuclear

Propulsion

Presentation to KIVI-NNS Symposium 3/11/17

Aidan Goldsworth

Chief Engineer – Capability and Sustainment


Outline of Presentation 2

• Nuclear propulsion for Submarines

• Nuclear propulsion for surface shipping

• Where could we go in the future?


Fermi

3

Courtesy National Archives and Records Administration


Early Submarines 4

flickr.com/photos/divemasterking2000


Early Submarines 5


By Ji-Elle - Own work


Early Submarines 6


By Ji-Elle - Own work

U.S. Naval Historical Center Photograph #: NH 58769


Later Submarines

7

U.S. Naval Historical Center Photograph #: NH 53474

Courtesy Imperial War Museum (collection no. 8308-29)


Rickover

8

Courtesy U.S. Naval Historical Foundation


Nautilus Prototype 9

Photos courtesy Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory


“Underway on Nuclear Power” 10

Courtesy U.S. Naval Historical Foundation


Typical Dispersed PWR 11


UK Experience

12

All photos crown copyright reproduced with kind permission of Ministry of Defence


Marine PWR Options

13

Dispersed

Close Coupled Integral

Source untraceable Source untraceable


Other Reactor Types 14

• Liquid Metal Fast Reactors (LMR)

● Na

● Pb-Bi

• Heavy Water Reactors

• Boiling Water Reactors (BWR)

• Gas Cooled Reactors

● GTMHR

● GFR

• Molten Salt Reactors

commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2063989

commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alfa_class_submarine_2.jpg


Naval Surface Ship Nuclear Propulsion 15

Aircraft Carriers

US - 11

France - 1

Cruisers

US - (9 decommissioned 1995-1998)

Russia - 1 (3 decommissioned)

Communications Ship

Russia – (1 decommissioned)

commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US_Navy_110129-N-3885H-158

Public domain

USN – U.S. Navy VFA-146 official website

Public domain

United States Department of Defense


Merchant Ship Nuclear Propulsion 16

Bundesarchiv, B 145 Bild-F031999-0006 / Engelbert Reineke jolisfukyu.tokai-sc.jaea.go.jp/fukyu/tayu/ACT95E/06/0601

Ice Breakers

Russia - 10 including Sevmorput (3 decommissioned)

Cargo/ Passenger

US - 1 Savannah

(decommissioned 1972)

Germany Otto Hahn


Japan - Mutsu


commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ns_savannah.jpg

commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sevmorput.jpg commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Yamal.jpg


NS Savannah 17

With permission: Maritime Park Association


Merchant Ship Nuclear Propulsion

Design – 1970’s Design – 2000’s

Merchant Ship Reactor

3 Loop PWR Icebreaker

High Speed Sea Lift


Business case

Oil Price / Barrel

Th

rou

gh

lif

e c

ost

“break-even” cost

Fossil Fuel Propulsion

Displacement

Operating profile

Nuclear Propulsion

Lifecycle

Co

sts

Fossil Fuel Propulsion

Nuclear Propulsion

Refuel duration

Oil price


Super-system level

Modular

nuclear

powered ‘tug

boat’ or

“power box”

Hydrogen for

ship power

generated by

nuclear

Nuclear

reactor in ship

on existing

routes

System level

System level options

Operation

between new

terminals


A Super-System Concept 21

Supply electricity

to the grid when

in port or for

disaster relief

Unload cargo at

specific nuclear

port away from

populated areas

Unload cargo at

off-shore terminal to

remove the need for

nuclear port access


Super-system level

Modular

nuclear

powered ‘tug

boat’ or

“power box”

Hydrogen for

ship power

generated by

nuclear

Nuclear

reactor in ship

on existing

routes

Bulk carriers Oil tankers LNG / LPG

vessels

System level

Sub - system level: power generation

Pressurised

water reactors

Gas cooled

reactors

Liquid metal

reactors

Proliferation

resistance

Collision

protection

Refuelling

philosophy

Piracy

resistance

Grounding

protection

Programme risk

Spent fuel

storage

System level options

Operation

between new

terminals

Nuclear

regulation


Regulatory and Safety Challenges

• Regulatory framework for licensing

• Definition of design basis

- Collision

- Grounding

- Sea conditions

• Link to Class Societies

• Automation policy

commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Msc.napoli.beforesnapping.190707

commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:HMS_Astute_Anglian_Prince_Skye


There are many stakeholders

Nuclear

Merchant

Shipping

Lifecycle

IMO

Funding agencies

Insurers

Marine

hydrocarbon

fuel suppliers

IAEA

Shipping

organisations

Anti nuclear

bodies

Reactor designers

Local authorities

& communities

Ship owners

ILO

Fuel manufacturers Uranium

enrichers

Uranium miners

R&D Institutions

Classification

societies

Ship builders

Nuclear regulators

Software

suppliers

Ship designers

Environmental

agency

Policy makers

Legal

Reactor

manufacturing

supply chain

Investors

Propulsion

system

designers

National

governments

Infrastructure

designers

Local

councils

Raw material

suppliers Component

manufacturers Sub system

manufacturers

Nuclear training

organisations

Ship operator training

organisations

Port

authorities

Transportation

infrastructure

Environmentalists

Existing

shipping

fleet

Existing

shipping

industry

Anti-piracy

bodies

Anti-terrorism

bodies

Consumers

Port security

International

security

Non-proliferation

agencies Ships crew

Port

personnel

Port state

inspectors

Refuelling

infrastructure

Ship

maintainers

Reactor

maintainers Ship dry

dock facility

Class /

statutory

inspectors Divers

Parts and spares

managers

Emergency

organisations

Media

Support

organisations

Fisheries

Shipbreakers

Spent fuel

ownership Nuclear

decommissioning

Port

security

Ship recyclers

Human

factors

Ballast water

managers

Flag

States

Ship owners


Most Recent UK Study 25


Thank you for your attention

26

marine nuclear propulsion - kivi · 2017. 11. 15. · naval surface ship nuclear propulsion 15...

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