Portfolio in Interior DesignGraduate Works

Marissa Rosati Cool

Embracing daylighting, social and cultural contexts, along with innovation and creativity to create sustainable, comfortable & unique spaces.

Personal Statement

Defining Sense of Place Through Daylight & Historic Structures

“Architecture is the very mirror of life. You only have to cast your eyes on buildings to feel the presence of the past, the spirit of a place; they are the reflection of society.”-I. M. Pei

“The city...does not tell its past, but contains it like the lines of a hand, written in the corners of the streets, the gratings of the windows, the banisters of the steps... every segment marked in turn with scratches, indentations, scrolls.”-Italo Calcino

“The window must be considered both from the point of view of the effect it has on the exterior appearance of a building- the building form- and the function served by it, associated with the interior appearance of the spaces it lights.”

-Derek Phillips

“ I can’t define a space really as a space unless I have natural light... all spaces worthy of being called a space need natural light. Natural light gives mood to space by nuances of light in the time of day and the season of the year as it enters and modifies the space.”-Louis Kahn

“Buildings are the physical manifestation of memory- it is memory that makes places significant.”

-Donovan Rypkema

Table of Contents

PorchesRestaurant Design

Press 21Office Design

Community Enrichment CenterColfax, WA

Master’s Thesis ResearchDaylighting for Human Habitat

Master’s Thesis ProjectPublix Hotel

2

18

38

NotablesSkills & Contact Information

46

26

1221

2

ProblemA national restaurant chain desired to revamp its menu to focus on healthier and environmentally sustainable food, and have a design aesthetic that reflects the new brand identity.

Design SolutionWhen food is grown locally it retains more nutrients and cost less to transport, and highlights America’s regional food culture. The design of the restaurant highlights local food production and signals to consumers that this restaurant takes pride in serving fresh locally sourced food. Each restaurant location will have a porch that reflects the vernacular architecture of that region. Interior elements will also reflect regional architectural features and locally made furniture and wares.

Porches National Restaurant with Regional Flare

Applicable SkillsRevit [Night Rendering & Rendering with Revit Cloud] - Concept Mapping- Branding & Logo Design

3

Porches

Regional Restaurant Design

Seattle Res

taur

ant

4

Before the age of nutrition , food science, and industrialized Food...

...there were traditions, rituals, spirituality, & inherited food wisdom.

American Food Culture?

5

Evolved from the simple stoop, porches

became recognized as spaces for social

interaction and served as both formal

and informal spaces.

Concept Mapping

American Architectural Traditions?

Res

taur

ant

6

Regional Vernacular Architecture

Revenue Generators

Local/Regional Food

-Money stays in local economy, greater multiplier effect.

-Fresher more nutritious ingredients.

-Decreased transportation costs, decreased CO2 Emissions.

-Pays homage to our American Culture through the built environment.

-Signals to the consumer that Porches honors local regionalism.

The Porch

The Pantry

There is no better way to draw customers in than people! The wrap-around porch invites people in, and to linger, therefore drawing more customers to capture more revenue.

Porches’ own spice mixes, house-made sauces, ready-to-go-meals, seasonal arrangements, and regional housewares from local artisans serve to influence Americans to take pride in their own food traditions when not patronizing Porches. This will increase brand loyalty, and encourages people to stop by on the way home from work to pick-up.

Increasing Profits by Promoting American Regional Culture

- A place for social Interaction.

Features

Family Dining:

Retail Area:

Dining Area: Seats 129

Seats 26

Porches Pantry sells signature goods & ready-made meals.

Dress-up or Down, Porches is elegant casual. Great for any occasion.

Finish your meal, and your sentence, while your children enjoy themselves at Porches one-of-a-kind play areas.

Porch Dining: Seats 90Porches invites you to linger... grab a drink or maybe dessert.

Bar & Lounge:Seats 100Porches is a place for you and your friends to enjoy a drink or a bite to eat together -day or night.

$$$

Applied ConceptA Plan for Maximizing Revenue

Res

taur

ant

8

Porches Pantry- In addition to family-style meals of American Regional Cuisine, patrons will be able to purchase Porches’ own spice mixes and house-made sauces, seasonal arrangements, and regional housewares from local artisans.

Porches Signature Picnic Baskets Seattle location will feature Native Salish designs

Porches inspires Americans to take pride in their own food traditions when not patronizing Porches. This will increase brand loyalty, and encourages people to stop by on the way home from work to pick-up.

Dining-in or taking-out

9

Illuminated by daylight or glowing after sundown

Res

taur

ant

10

Furniture & Materials

11

Always a good time at Porches

Res

taur

ant

12

ProblemA graphic design firm needs an office design that incorporates its values and brand identity. It is to lease an 6700 sqft on one floor of the existing cast-in-place concrete warehouse known as the Fuller Building in Spokane, WA. The space has great daylight but glare could be a potential problem for this office design.

Design SolutionPress 21 is a graphic design firm that applies new technologies to the printing press. The printing press inherently has a low impact on the environment, due to the fact that they are human powered and use environmentally friendly inks and papers. A sustainable office design reinforces the ethic of the printing press. Inspiration for the design will take objects from the 20th century and appropriate them for today’s use. The office space serves to function appropriately, extend human capability, and enhance productivity; it will also serve as an aesthetic image of the company’s mission. The adaptive reuse of this space honors the original daylight intent of the building to enhance occupant wellbeing and comfort.

Office DesignPRESS 21

Applied SkillsRevit - Construction Documents - Rendering with Revit Cloud- Daylight Modeling [Physical Models, High Dynamic Range & False Color Photography] - Branding & Logo Design

13

PRESS 21

LETTER PRESS // GRAPHICS // WEB DESIGN

OPrinting Press for the 21st Century

"... if you design a room with the full consideration for all of the aspects of the environment, why, you don't really design one room, you design a thousand rooms within a single room " - Paul Thiry

PRESS 21

LETTER PRESS // GRAPHICS // WEB DESIGN

O

Offi

ce

14

Programmatic Assessment

Utilizing Daylight for Maximum Comfort

Above: Fuller Building Warehouse before renovation

Below: Fuller Building Warehouse after renovation

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South facing windows with no light shelves or light well

South facing windows with light well only

South facing windows with light well & light shelves

Daylight Modeling

Problem: Hot spots along south facing windows and dark patch in core of building.

Solution: North facing light shaft brings even daylight into core of the space.

Solution: Light shelves eliminate hot spots & distribute daylight deeper into space.

Daylight Zone = 2 x window head height = People Zone

Offi

ce

16

Operable Windows

Daylight- Optimized Venetian Blinds

Light shelves

Occupant & Daylight sensors

Curved ceiling capture & redistribute daylight

Reflectivity of Surfaces- Ceilings: 80%, Walls: 50%, Floor: 20%

Interior Daylight Strategy:Harnessing Daylight for Occupant Health & Welfare

Task Lamps

Circulation Aisle

17

North Facing Windows:Even, indirect daylightGreat for conference rooms

Goals:

South Facing Windows:Lots of Light = Lots of Heat

Must use space for periodic use. (Kitchen)

South East Corner:Wonderful morning light, great for lounge area

Maximize DaylightReduce Energy ConsumptionIncreased Occupant Comfort

Computers should be perpendicular to window wall

Skylights needed for reception area

Need to watch GLARE!!!

Daylight Assessment

Abundant Daylight must be controlled with shades and light shelves

Daylight Potential Benefits & Problems

Offi

ce

18

Design SolutionThrough the community meetings it was decided that the space would house a digital photography tourism center which would help draw and support tourism to the Palouse for its natural scenic beauty. When not in use by photography classes the lab could be used by town citizens as a digital library resource. A gallery space was incorporated to house regional art. Since this building housed the old drugstore with a soda fountain, that feature is to be replicated and will serve as a leasable business space to generate revenue, a sense of community pride and social interaction.

ProblemColfax is a bedroom community, and in need of a place that would foster community interaction after working hours and on weekends. The community would like a space that encourages tourism to the small rural town and generates revenue to the community.

Community Enrichment Center Photography Tourism, Community Space & GalleryColfax, WA

Applied SkillsRevit - Hand Rendering over Revit - Conceptual Drawings - Daylight Modeling - Historic and Community Research - Logo Design

Photography Tourism Community Center

& Gallery

Community Enrichment Center

RCDIa community/university collaboration

Com

mun

ity C

ente

r

Inspiration for the Whitman County Community Enrichment Center is derived from the concept of the lens. The lens was chosen due magnifying quality in which it can capture and highlight an object. The lens has captured past, present moments in Colfax and will be an influential force to help capture and shape the future. The Colfax Community sees itself in a critical moment

where the choices it makes today can have a powerful, lasting influence on its future.

Concept: The Lens

Current Storefront of Hamilton Drug

Design Workshop with Commuity Members

Com

mun

ity C

ente

r

Hamilton Building during 1910 flood

Hamilton Building during 1910 flood

Hamilton Building during Late 1920’s

Proposed Restoration of Historic Storefront of Hamilton DrugResearch & Revit Drawing by Marissa Cool

Hand Rendering over Revit by Amanda Bilberg

Drug Store Soda Fountain

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Historically Inspired

Window Design Gives Ambient

Illumination with Privacy and

Security.

Awning during summer days or sunny mornings

Uncovering the Daylight

Chamber Desk

Classroom

Conference

Storage

Art Storage

Digital Photo Lab

Women’s

Men’s

Fountain Storage Chamber

Storage

Gallery Space

Fountain

Floor Plan N

Interior Translucent

Door Glazing to Allow Occupants

to Connect to Natural Light

and Views

Borded-up storefront transoms

Current Alley Entrance

Dropped ceiling & fluorescent lighting

Com

mun

ity C

ente

r

Renovations from the 1970’s removed or truncated daylight

Historic Daylight Strategies Illuminate New Use

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Furniture & Materials

Whitman County’s Living Room

Com

mun

ity C

ente

r

26

BackgroundHistorically, buildings used a variety of strategies to capture and distribute daylight to provide ambient lighting to the interiors. As electric lighting became widely available, the necessity for daylighting disappeared, along with much of the knowledge base. Presently, it is common to find alterations in historic daylighting strategies with ramifications on interior environmental quality. This graduate research specifically looks at daylit buildings from the time period 1900-1920. The intent is to build a knowledge framework that supports designers in reclaiming daylighting during rehabilitation and adaptive reuse of historic buildings. The research is grounded in a broader objective of advancing daylighting as a sustainability initiative, recognizing benefits to occupants in terms of health and productivity along with energy savings and passive survivability.

Results and RelevanceThis research examines historic features of buildings that were designed with a knowledge base of nearly a century ago. It was this knowledge base utilized daylight to illuminate interior environments. Moreover, investigation into the alterations tell a story of multiple forces -- aesthetic, functional, social, cultural, economic -- that led to changes that ultimately impact the interior luminous environment. A fuller understanding of these conditions arms the designer with knowledge that will enable a more informed approach to reclaiming daylighting features in historic building while preserving and enhancing interior environmental qualities.

Daylighting for Human Habitat: Lessons from the Past - Designs for the Future PurposeTo Analyze the interiors of historic buildings to recognize patterns of successful daylight strategies, the forces that have altered these strategies, and to bring insight to projects of adaptive reuse.

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Mas

ter’s

The

sis

New York’s Grand Central Station

28

PROBLEM

Historically, buildings used a variety of strategies to capture and distribute daylight to

provide ambient lighting to the interiors. As electric lighting became widely available, the

necessity for daylighting disappeared, along with much of the knowledge base.

29

Da

yl i

gh

t in

g f

o r Hu m a n H a b i t a t

Sunl

ight

B

ioph

ilia

Shaping Spaces

HumanHabitat

PURPOSE

Original framework by author

Mas

ter’s

The

sis

The intent of this project is to encourage modern-day designers to create human-

centered environments that reduce energy use, celebrate daylit interiors, provide a

connection to the natural environment, and to foster social interaction.

Hbitat [hab - i- tat] (n):

place that is natural for the life

and growth of an organism:

30

1891 1913

Carpenter & Wilson-Short Halls

Corbus

ier- A

Mac

hine f

or Li

ving

Cheap

Abundan

t

Energ

y1881

Chicag

o Buil

ding C

ode a

ddress

light

venti

lation

& p

lumbing

Adolf Lo

os- O

rnam

ent &

Crime

1908 1916

New Yo

rk to

restr

ict he

ight, ar

e and

land

use

of buil

dings

HVAC- T

he M

ilan B

uilding

in S

an A

ntonio

, TX -

1st

fully

air co

nditio

ning of

fice b

lock (

still “

U”-sha

ped)

Fluor

esce

nt Lig

hts

1928 1939

Penici

llin &

Stre

ptomyc

in

Advanc

emen

ts in

Pharm

aceu

ticals

replac

e des

ign for

healt

h, lig

ht an

d natur

al

venti

lation

1943-45 195019271885

First

Sanato

rium C

onstr

ucted

in th

e

State o

f New

York

Thompson Hall

General Motors Office Building Marshall-Field Wholesale Building

DAYLIGHT NARRATIVE 1890’s to Present

Wilson- Short Hall

Max. Dist. to Perimeter: 32 ft

Percentage of Area Within 20’ of a Window: 90%

Max. Dist. to Perimeter: 23 ft

Percentage of Area Within 20’ of a Window: 96%

Thompson Hall

This timeline gives a narrative how economic, social-cultural shifts and technology impact our building designs over the last century. The biggest impact on daylight design has been cheap abundant energy. This allowed building design to turn away from illuminating interior spaces with daylight and relying on electric light.

With energy cost rising and impacts to our natural environment mounting today, the need for daylight to be a part of building design is crucial.

Day

light

Pat

tern

Gui

de -

New

Bui

ldin

gs In

stitu

te

Day

light

Pat

tern

Gui

de -

New

Bui

ldin

gs In

stitu

te

31

Mas

ter’s

The

sis

1958 1971 2006

Renovation of Wilson-Short Hall

Renovation of Carpenter Hall

Daylight Assessment of Carpenter & Wilson Short Hall

1991

Electro

magne

tic Lo

cks

Perso

nal C

ompute

r

Post M

oder

nism

2005

Acous

tic C

eiling

Tile

& Mod

ular C

eiling

System

with

mod

ular &

grid

Energ

y Cris

is

Green

Buil

ding M

ovem

ent

2014

1958A S

ilent

Spring- R

ache

l Car

son

1962WA P

ublic

Buil

ding to

Mee

t LEED S

ilver

2008

CA Gre

en B

uilding

Cod

es-

Holland Library

Smith Center

Aon Center Tower Terry Thomas Building

Holland LibraryMcEachern Residence Center

Education Addition

Maximum Distance to Perimeter: 92’-6” ft

Percentage of Area Within 20’ of a Window: 39%

Maximum Distance to Perimeter: 19 ft

Percentage of Area Within 20’ of a Window: 100%

Max. Dist. to Perimeter: 56 ft

Percentage of Area Within 20’ of a Window: 65%

Seagrams Building

Penici

llin &

Stre

ptomyc

in

Advanc

emen

ts in

Pharm

aceu

ticals

replac

e des

ign for

healt

h, lig

ht an

d natur

al

venti

lation

Day

light

Pat

tern

Gui

de -

New

Bui

ldin

gs In

stitu

te

Day

light

Pat

tern

Gui

de -

New

Bui

ldin

gs In

stitu

te

Day

light

Pat

tern

Gui

de -

New

Bui

ldin

gs In

stitu

te

32

A DAYLIT SPACE- provides daylight as the primary source of daytime illumination to accommodate the occupants’

visual demands, is experienced as a visually and thermally comfortable space connected to outdoor phenomena, and

persistently maximizes electric light energy savings while minimizing peak energy demand.

-Van den Wymelenberg (2008)

DAYLIGHT AS A HUMAN NEED21st Century Zeitgeist

The benefits of daylit spaces on human health and

wellness have only recently been understood through

research:

- Worker productivity

(Heschong, 2003),

- Healing rates in hospitals

(Ulrich, 1984; Walch et al. 2005),

- Retail sales

(Heschong, 1999)

- Improved test scores in schools

(Heschong, 2002)

- Reduction of Stress

(Heerwagen, et al. 1998)

- Health - physical and psychological

(Edwards and Torcellini. 2002)

33

Mas

ter’s

The

sis

RESEARCH QUESTIONS

Daylight Strategies of the Past - 1906

Alterations to Daylight Strategies with Interior Ramifications - 1960’s

Applying Historical Knowledge - 2013

SEATTLE’S KING ST. STATION1. How did past generations employ fenestration and other design

strategies to capture and distribute daylight to provide

ambient lighting to interiors for occupant need?

2. What were the forces that led to the alterations of historic

daylighting strategies, the loss of this knowledge base, and the

ramifications on interior environmental quality?

3. Given the cultural zeitgeist of sustainability today, how can the

historical knowledge of daylighting be utilized to support

occupants in the built environment?

34

N

Historic Floor Plan Features

Shallow floor plate Interior windows

Tall Windows

Occupants Placed in Daylit Areas

Walls Placed Not to Impede Daylight

Transom Windows

Glass Paneled Doors

Wide Trim to minimize contrast

Historic Floor Plan Features

SHAPING SPACESLessons - Historical Construction of Carpenter Hall & Wilson Short Hall

Historic Floor Plan reveals programming to support daylight and interior glazing & light reflecting and diffusing finishes

35

Mas

ter’s

The

sis

SHAPING SPACESLessons - Historical Documentation

"Experience has demonstrated that all spaces within the enclosure of four walls which are not well lighted by sunshine or at least direct daylight, are in office buildings nonproductive. Further, optimum building depth has, been found in Chicago to be not more than 24 feet, assuming the height of the story to be about eleven, and the window to be placed close to the ceiling.”

- John Wellborn Root, Architect 1890 Excerpt from Alphabetical City by Steven Holl

• Light (daylight) to enter classroom at pupils left, never from the front

• “Keep window head height close to ceiling as practicable”

• Net glass area to be 20% of the floor area

• Walls & Ceiling to be panted with light colors

Architectural Standards:

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Foot Candles9am Blinds Open

Foot Candles 9am As-Is

SUNLIGHT - HARNESS & CONTROLLessons - Illuminance Mapping of Carpenter Hall

5

10

20

30

50

75

100

150

1000

Carpenter Hall Exterior

High Dynamic Range Photograph

False Color Imaging Photograph

South

North South

North

Acceptable Range for Occupant Comfort

37

BIOPHILIALessons- Interior Observations and Occupant Interviews Wilson-Short Hall

“I work in my office 12 hrs a day almost every day of the week. I ask the person in the office across the hall if they can leave their door open so I can have a view to the outside. I also take walks to see what is going on outside.”

“BIOPHILIA - The inherent human affinity to affiliate with natural systems

and processes. - Wilson (1984)

Sam received a giant box with which to play. Sam hid in it for a little while. That

got boring then she broke through the other and voila a tunnel was formed. The tunnel was fun but then she asked to use the scissors, doors and window were carved out and voila a suitable dwelling.Sam grew up, did well in school and decided to get a doctoral degree. Once again she was given a box of her very own. This time she spent nearly 12 hours in her box six days a week. Sadly there were no scissors for her box. Sam did everything she could to make her little box habitable. She brought in lamps, left the door open with the hope to get a view out of her neighbor's box, which was placed across from hers, and had a window with a pleasant view. Sam loved having a box to call her own, but she had to take breaks and walks to get out and see what was happening outside- was it afternoon or evening? What was the weather doing? Then she would make a stop by her friend's box to say hi and catch up since the last time they saw each other.

S a m ' s Story

Mas

ter’s

The

sis

Interior Office- No Access to Daylight

38

Mas

ter’s

The

sis

THE PUBLIX HOTELA Story of Life and Light

“Everybody needs beauty as well as bread, places to play in and pray in, where Nature may heal and cheer and give strength to body and soul alike. This natural beauty-hunger is made manifest in the little window-sill gardens of the poor...”

Small 10 x 10 rooms,

illuminated by daylight, and

prompted the residents to

utilize communal spaces.

- John Muir, 1912

Mrs. Hashiwara

39

Mas

ter’s

The

sis

Daylighting for Human HabitatLessons from the Past - Designs for the Future

Applied Thesis to The Historic Publix Hotel Seattle, WA

Sunlight - Rooftop Refuge

Biophilia - Residential Floors

Shaping Spaces - Basement Cavern

PROJECT OVERVIEWPotential for Daylighting to Create Human Habitat

Da

yl i

gh

t in

g f

o r Hu m a n H a b i t a t

Sunl

ight

B

ioph

ilia

Shaping Spaces

HumanHabitat

Though the whole framework will be applied throughout the redesign of the Publix, priorities

are given to the primary need of each space. For example the basement does not currently

have any access to daylight. In this case the framework will be applied to address glazing,

materials, wall placement, ceiling design and programmatic needs to capture and reflect

light so that the basement can be illuminated by daylight.

Views

Harness Control

Social Connection

Connection to Nature

Glazing Views Walls Materials Programing

41

Mas

ter’s

The

sis

N Original Single Room Occupancy Floor Plan

The Publix Hotel fits Stephen Holl’s “E” Type building from his Pamphlet Architecture Publication of Alphabetical Cities.

The wings of the floor plate are kept narrow and allow daylight to penetrate throughout the building.

Da

yl i

gh

t in

g f

o r Hu m a n H a b i t a t

42

SAKURA COURTYARDBiophilia- Diurnal & Seasonal Rhythms

Social ConnectionViewsDaylight

Views

Social Connection

Connection to Nature

A courtyard is created in the spaces between the wings of the building and acts l ike a pocket park for the tenants. This courtyard is east facing and receives morning l ight. A community lounge is placed in the middle wing to connect the north and south courtyards to foster social interaction.

Community Lounge

43

Courtyard in the Spring Morning Light Courtyard After Sundown

Courtyard Rhythm of the Day - Spring Equinox

Connection to Nature

4 pm8 am Noon11 am 2 pm1 pm10 am9 am 6 pm3 pm 5 pm AfterSundown

The use of semi-dwarf Japanese maple and cherry blossom trees pays homage to the Japanese residents of the past, and del ineates the seasonal t ime. Morning sunlight and evening electr ic l ight activate the spaces at the beginning and end to the day.

Mas

ter’s

The

sis

44

BASEMENT REFUGEShaping Space - Glazing, Programming, Materials, Ceiling & Walls

Glazing

Walls

Ceiling

Programming

Materials

Prismatic Glass it illuminate space

Light in color and place not to inhibit the flow of daylight

Tall ceilings and light colored

Recreation room limited to the daylight zone

Furniture and finishing capture, and reflect daylight, and are suited to the space

Finishes capture, and reflect daylight, and furniture is suited to the space.

45

Prismatic Vault Light

Community Recreation RoomStorage Area

SHAPING SPACE WITH DAYLIGHTShaping Space - Glazing, Programming, Materials, Ceiling & Walls

Shaping space was critical in daylighting this basement to make it an enjoyable place for the tenants to occupy and have a place to socialize. The use of prismatic glass maintained the historical context of the site but also allowed for an under utilized space to be habitable. The are not illuminate with daylight is reserved for storage for each unit.

Mas

ter’s

The

sis

46

Nature, People & ArchitectureSince 2000 I have been traveling every chance I can. I first used color slide film exploring Europe, Fiji, Tonga & New Zealand as well as hiking in the North Cascades. Like my interior designs I look for great light quality to illuminate my object whether it is a person, landscape or a structure.

Travel Photography

Fiji, Tonga & New Zealand

The Netherlands, Italy & France

Photography Not

able

s

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Life Experience

Residential Restoration - Restored Douglas-fir floors, restored and updated kitchen cabinets, space planning to maximize small living area, refurbished wood windows to allow for natural light & ventilation, installed period lighting fixtures & hardware.

Not

able

s

1038 Broadview Dr. Tacoma, WA 98466 www.marissadesign.blogspot.com

Phone: 253-592-3153Email: missrosati@gmail. com

Revit, AutoCad, SketchUp, PhotoShop, InDesign, Hand Drafting & Rendering, Daylight Modeling, Photography

Skills

Marissa Rosati Cool

Awards

Master’s Thesis

Poster Presenter

Notables

Washington State University’s Wiley Research Expo Liberal Arts & Design 2nd place for presentation of thesis research

Margaret Hard Award for M.A. Thesis

Daylighting for Human Habitat: Lessons from the Past - Designs for the Future

Interior Design Educators Council’s 2014 Conference