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Marker Proteins in Inflammation Volume 2
Proceedings of the Second Symposium Lyon, France, June 27 - 30,1983
Editors P Arnaud • J. Bienvenu • P Laurent
W D E G
Walter de Gruyter • Berlin • New York 1984
Editors Philippe Arnaud, Ph. D., M. D. Department of Basic and Clinical Immunology and Microbiology Medical University of South Carolina 171 Ashley Road Charleston, South Carolina 29403 U.S.A. Jacques Bienvenu, M. D. Biochemical Laboratory Höpital Jules Courmont F-69310 Pierre Benite France Philippe Laurent, M.D. Department of Immunology Institut Pasteur de Lyon 77, Rue Pasteur F - 69365 Lyon Cedex 2 France
CIP'Kurztitelaufnahme der Deutschen Bibliothek M a r k e r p r o t e i n s in i n f l a m m a t i o n : proceedings of the . . . symposium. - Berlin ; New York : de Gruyter Vol. 2. Proceedings of the second symposium, Lyon, France, June 27-30 ,1983. -1984. ISBN 3-11-009872-5
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Main entry under title: Marker proteins in inflammation, volume 2.
Proceedings of the "Second Symposium sur les marqueurs de I'inflammation," sponsored by the Groupe d'etude et de recherche sur les marqueurs de I*inflammation (GERMI)
Bibliography: p. Includes indexes. 1. Inflammation—Congresses. 2. Proteins—Congresses.
I. Arnaud, P (Philippe) II. Bienvenu, J. (Jacques), 1950- . III. Laurent, P (Philippe), 1949- . IV Symposium sur les marqueurs de Pinflammation (2nd : 1983 : Lyon, France) V Groupe d'etude et de recherche sur les marqueurs de Pinflammation (France) [DNLM: 1. Blood Proteins—diagnostic use—congresses. 2. Blood Proteins-immunology—congresses. 3. Inflammation—congresses. QZ150 M3451983] RB131.M353 1984 616\0473 84-9462 ISBN 3-11-009872-5
Copyright © 1984 by Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin 30. All rights reserved, including those of translation into foreign languages. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form - by photoprint, microfilm or any other means nor transmitted nor translated into a machine language without written permission from the publisher. Printing: Gerike GmbH, Berlin. - Binding: Dieter Mikolai, Berlin. Printed in Germany
PREFACE
In the l a s t week in June 1983, more than 250 research s c i e n t i s t s and
c l i n i c i a n s met at the Faculte Alexis C a r r e l , a School of Medicine
(University, Claude Bernard, Lyon-I) located in Lyon, France. The
participants had come from f i f t e e n countries to participate in the
"Second Symposium sur les Marqueurs de 1' Inf 1 animation" under the
sponsorship of the "Groupe d1
Etude et de Recherche sur les Marqueurs de
1' Inf 1 animation" (GERMI). The topics for t h i s second symposium had been
chosen by the International S c i e n t i f i c Committee of GERMI in order to
provide a comprehensive view of the different aspects of the wide f i e l d
of Marker Proteins in Inflammation and t h e i r c l i n i c a l implications.
The proceedings begins with a series of papers concerning the mechanism
of Acute Phase Reactant Proteins synthesis and the roles such proteins
play in host defenses, a subject of perennial interest which was the
main theme running throughout the meeting. The next three sections are
devoted respectively to the protease anti-protease interplay in lung
diseases, the importance of Acute Phase Proteins measurement in biological
f l u i d s for the diagnosis of j o i n t diseases, and diseases of the central
nervous system. The fourth section of the book deals with the role of
z i n c , protein deprivation, and malnutrition in host defenses. The f i f t h
section features a group of papers on animal models of inflammation.
F i n a l l y , the l a s t section of the book reports on conferences held
during a s a t e l l i t e l e c t i n s workshop arranged by Drs. Michel Caron et
Alain Faure, which was devoted to three complementary aspects of l e c t i n s :
their use as a tool for the study of glycoconjugates, their biological
functions, and their a f f i n i t y and s p e c i f i c i t y .
We wish to express our deepest gratitude to Professor Frank W. Putnam
of the department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Indiana
University (Bloomington, Indiana, USA) who was the outstanding president
VI
of this Symposium. We also want to extend our thanks to Professor
Henry Gewürz, department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush Medical
College (Chicago, USA), Professor Robert Engler, department of Bio
chemistry, UER des Saints Peres ( P a r i s , France) and Professor Roger
Creyssel, department of Biochemistry UER Grange Blanche (Lyon, France),
who acted as Symposium Co-Presidents and whose knowledge and under
standing in the f i e l d made the program and i t s conferences possible.
We wish to thank the members of the Organizing Committee for thei r
support and help. This includes Helene Bernon, Jacques Bienvenu,
Philippe Laurent, Abel Roullet, and J.L. Touraine. The following
i n s t i t u t i o n s provided financial and practical support: GERMI, I n s t i t u t
Pasteur de Lyon et du Sud E s t , Fondation Merieux, Societe Francaise
d1
Immunologie, Association des Anciens Internes et Internes en
Pharmacie de Lyon, Commission Medicale Consultative de Hospices C i v i l s
de Lyon, BioMerieux, Travenol France, Du Pont de Nemours, Hoechst-
Behring, Boehringer Mannheim, Technicon, Roger Bellon. We would also
l i k e to express our sincere gratitude to Professor Maurice Carraz,
Director of the Pasteur I n s t i t u t e of Lyon for his important help, and
Dr. Charles Merieux, who hosted the International S c i e n t i f i c Advisory
Committee of GERMI and organized the social events. We would l i k e to
express our thanks to a l l other individuals, companies and i n s t i t u t i o n s
who contributed to the success of the symposium.
The fact that expert researchers agreed to write papers on this rather
new and important subject has made our job a considerable pleasure. We
also extend our gratitude to the s t a f f of Walter de Gruyter, B e r l i n ,
whose labors have led to the rapid publication of this second volume
on Marker Proteins in Inflammation.
February 1984 P. Arnaud
J . Bienvenu
P. Laurent
CONTENTS
S E C T I O N I T H E I N F L A M M A T O R Y RESPONSE AND ACUTE PHASE
R E A C T A N T P R O T E I N S
I n d u c t i o n and C o n t r o l o f Acute Phase Reactant Synthesis I . Kushner 3
Use of Immunomorphological Methods and Hemolytic Plaque Tests t o I n v e s t i g a t e the Syn t h e s i s and S e c r e t i o n o f Plasma P r o t e i n s by the L i v e r C e l l s During the Acute In f l a m m a t o r y R e a c t i o n G. Feldmann 15
Progress i n Plasma P r o t e i n s : Recent F i n d i n g s on the S t r u c t u r e o f Ce r u l o p l a s m i n F.W. Putnam 2 5
Recent F i n d i n g s on the I s o e l e c t r i c P o i n t s o f Human C-Reactive P r o t e i n P. Lau r e n t , D.L. Emerson, R.C. A l l e n , P. Arnaud 43
SAA i s a more S e n s i t i v e Marker f o r Chronic I n f l a m m a t o r y Disease than C-Reactive P r o t e i n o r c^-Acid G l y c o p r o t e i n R.E. Chambers, J.T. Whicher 47
Ela s t a s e - a ^ P r o t e i n a s e I n h i b i t o r Complex (E-a-^PI) and C-Reactive P r o t e i n (CRP): E a r l y I n d i c a t o r s o f Inflammat o r y Processes M. Jochum, K.H. Duswald, H. D i t t m e r , S. Neumann 51
Human K a i l i k r e i n - K i n i n o g e n - K i n i n s (KKK) System and Acute-Phase Reactant P r o t e i n s (APRP) i n Humans Undergoing E x t r a c o r p o r e a l C i r c u l a t i o n (ECC) M.E, F a y m o n v i l l e , A. Adam, P. Malengreaux, J. Damas, P. Ers, M. H u l o t , M. Lamy, J. Lecomte 57
VIII
E f f e c t o f Non S t e r o d i a l A n t i - I n f l a m m a t o r y Drug ( N i f l u m i q u e Acide) on Acute Phase P r o t e i n Response. P. La u r e n t , A. D e l v i l , J. Bienvenu, C. Lahet, B. C o l i n , J.P. Rebattu, L.F. P e r r i n 71
T r a n s c o r t i n A c t i v i t i e s , C o r t i s o l and Progesterone i n P a t h o l o g i c a l Sera: I n f l a m m a t i o n , S e p t i c Shock, Renal and Cardiac Diseases H. Zouaghi, L. Savu, E.A. Nunez, A. C a r l i , D. K l e i n k n e c h t , C. Guerot 75
Measurement o f Human High M o l e c u l a r Weight Kininogen (HMW-K) by Laser Nephelometry A. Adam, G. Calay, P. Ers, H. De Hertogh 79
S E C T I O N I I B I O L O G I C A L ROLES OF A C UTE PHASE
R E A C T A N T P R O T E I N S
Functions o f Acute Phase P r o t e i n s i n the I n f l a m m a t o r y Response J.T. Whicher 89
I n t e r a c t i o n o f the Acute Phase Reactants a^-Acid Glycop r o t e i n , C-Reactive P r o t e i n and Serum Amyloid P-Compo-nent w i t h P l a t e l e t s and the C o a g u l a t i o n System B.A. F i e d e l 99
Monoclonal A n t i b o d i e s as Probes o f Complement F u n c t i o n S. Ruddy 125
Mod u l a t i o n o f Formation o f t he C3 A m p l i f i c a t i o n Convertase of Human Complement by Acute Phase P r o t e i n s E. F i s c h e r , M. Pontet, F. D e l e r s , N. Tran Quang, M. Kazatchkine, R. E n l e r 135
Ma t e r n o - T r o p h o b l a s t i c R e l a t i o n s h i p i n Normal Human Pregnancy and Recurrent Spontaneous A b o r t i o n W.P. Faulk, C.-J. Yeh, B.-L. Hsi 139
IX
Chemotactic F a c t o r s i n the Airspaces t h a t may Modulate I n f l a m m a t i o n H. Reynolds, C. Roth-Fouret 153
S E C T I O N I I I P R O T E A S E A N T I - P R O T E A S E I N T E R A C T I O N S
AND LUNG D I S E A S E S
Human - A n t i c h y m o t r y p s i n : P u r i f i c a t i o n , P r o p e r t i e s and Reactions w i t h some Serine Proteases A. Laine, A. Hayem, M. D a v r i l 171
A l p h a , - A n t i t r y p s i n - P r o t e a s e I n t e r a c t i o n s : The B i o l o g i c a l Aspect P. Arnaud, E. Gianazza 181
On the I n t e r a c t i o n Between Human L i v e r Cathepsin L and the two C y s t e i n e P r o t e i n a s e s I n h i b i t o r s Present i n Human Serum M. Pagano, R. E n g l e r , F. Esnard, F. Ga u t h i e r 203
Modula t i o n o f Human Lymphocyte Responses by o t ^ - A n t i t r y p s i n and c ^ - M a c r o g l o b u l i n J.-P. R e v i l l a r d , G. C o r d i e r , J. Bata, M. La t o u r 207
Mediators o f I n f l a m m a t i o n i n In f l a m m a t o r y A l v e o l i t i s R.G. C r y s t a l , J.F. C o r d i e r 219
I d i o p h a t h i c Pulmonary F i b r o s i s . M u l t i p a r a m e t r i c E v a l u a t i o n of A l v e o l a r Lymphocyte and Macrophage A c t i v a t i o n J.F. Mornex, G. C o r d i e r , B. Lahneche, J. Pages, P. Chauvot, J.M. Vergnon, T. Wiesendanger, R. L o i r e , M. V i n c e n t , J.F. C o r d i e r , F. Mornex, J.-P.Revi1lard, J. Brune 223
The Alpha.. P r o t e i n a s e I n h i b i t o r o f the Lower R e s p i r a t o r y T r a c t . E f f e c t o f C i g a r e t t e Smoking A. P e l l e t i e r , C. Boudier, G. P a u l i , J.G. B i e t h 227
X
C o l l a g e n o l y t i c Enzymes and F i b r o s i s o f the Lung J.F. C o r d i e r , 0. Benzerara, Y. Lasne, J. Brune, R. Touraine 231
E l a s t o l y t i c A c t i v i t i e s and P r o t e i n a s e I n h i b i t o r s i n Sputum from P a t i e n t s w i t h C y s t i c F i b r o s i s J.M. T o u r n i e r , J. Jacquot, E. P u c h e l l e , P. Sadoul, J.-P. C h a z a l e t t e 235
Serum Derived P r o t e i n s and A n t i b a c t e r i a l P r o t e i n s i n C y s t i c F i b r o s i s Sputum J. Jacquot, J.M. T o u r n i e r , E. P u c h e l l e , P. Sadoul, J.-P. C h a z a l e t t e 239
A l v e o l a r F i b r o n e c t i n and I n t e r s t i t i a l Lung Diseases N. B i o t , D. Gindre, R. Harf, F. Marechal, B. V e r c o u s t r e , M. P e r r i n - F a y o l l e 243
S a r c o i d o s i s : IgG, &2 M i c r o g l o b u l i n and E v o l u t i v i t y . D. Duchassaing, P. L e c l e r c , M. C a m b i l l a u , 0. de F enoyl, M. P a r i s 247
a-^-Proteinase I n h i b i t o r i n Meconium from Healthy I n f a n t s and I n f a n t s w i t h C y s t i c F i b r o s i s P. L a f o n t , Y. B a r b i e r , M. B a r b i e r , J. Mathian, R.C. Boisson, I . G a r c i a , R. G i l l y 251
Q u a l i t a t i v e A n a l y s i s o f P r o t e i n s of A l v e o l a r F l u i d : A Study by U l t r a - T h i n Layer Immunoelectrophoresis and E l e c t r o f o c u s i n g C. C h a p u i s - C e l l i e r , J.-F. C o r d i e r , J.-M. Vergnon, A. Penet, J. Brune 255
P r o t e a s e - A n t i p r o t e a s e Imbalance i n Lung Diseases J.F. Mornex, R.G. C r y s t a l 261
XI
S E C T I O N I V I N F L A M M A T I O N AND A R T I C U L A R D I S E A S E S
The Acute Phase Response i n Connective Tissue Disease I . Rowe 273
The GLA-Containing P r o t e i n o f Bone P.D. Delmas 281
Role o f an Acute Phase Reactant, R e t r o v i r a l gp70, i n Murine SLE S. I z u i , I . Hara 295
Study o f 8 Marker P r o t e i n s o f I n f l a m m a t i o n i n Sy n o v i a l F l u i d and Serum o f P a t i e n t s w i t h J o i n t Diseases P. Bourg, B. C a r t i e r , M. Mathieu, C. Collombel 305
F i b r o n e c t i n i n A r t h r o p a t h i e s J. Lecocq, N.Y. Lecocq, L. Asch, M. Roth, M.L. North 311
S E C T I O N V I N F L A M M A T O R Y D I S E A S E S OF NERVOUS S Y S T E M
M u l t i p l e S c l e r o s i s : Clues f o r a Pathogenesis C. Confavreux, P. Arnaud 319
Immunoglobulins i n Neuropathology A. Lowenthal 339
C e l l u l a r I n f l a m m a t o r y Response i n C e r e b r o s p i n a l F l u i d s C. Caudie, 0. Freney, F. Touraine 345
E v a l u a t i o n o f CSF Lymphocyte Subsets Using the OKT Series of Monoclonal A n t i b o d i e s (OKT 3 +, 0 K T 4 + / OKT g +) i n Various N e u r o l o g i c a l Diseases G. Servoz, F. Touraine, C. Quincy 355
XII
C y t o l o g i c a l Study and P r o t e i n P r o f i l e i n C e r e b r o s p i n a l F l u i d , Before and During Treatment o f N e u r o s y p h i l i s 0. Freney, C. Caudie, S. Gas, C. Quincy 359
C e r e b r o s p i n a l F l u i d Cytology and P r o t e i n Parameters i n 219 M u l t i p l e S c l e r o s i s S. Gas, C. Caudie, C. Quincy 365
I n t e r p r e t a t i o n o f the P r o t e i n P r o f i l e o f C e r e b r o s p i n a l F l u i d i n C h i l d r e n L. Gerbaut, G. Ponsot 369
C e r e b r o s p i n a l F l u i d F e r r i t i n : I n t e r e s t as B i o l o g i c a l Marker o f C e n t r a l Nervous System Tumors P. A n t o i n e , R. L a t e r , J.C. Eynard, F. Durand, B. Marechal, C. Quincy 375
C l i n i c a l Relevance o f Beta 2 M i c r o g l o b u l i n Levels o f the C e r e b r o s p i n a l F l u i d i n C h i l d r e n w i t h Acute E n c e p h a l i t i s E.J. Raynaud, F. Demeocq, P. V a n l i e f e r i n g h e n , G. Malpuech, G. G a i l l a r d 379
E l e c t r o p h o r e t i c a l P a t t e r n s of A c e t y l c h o l i n e s t e r a s e i n C e r e b r o s p i n a l F l u i d J.C. F r o t , F. M u l l e r , P. G i r a u d e t 383
C h o l i n e s t e r a s e Isoenzymes o f C e r e b r o s p i n a l F l u i d and G u i 1 l a i n - B a r r e Syndrome A. S i m p l o t , S. Guibaud, A. M e r c a t e l l o , D. Robert, 0. Robert 387
Lymphocytotoxic and Monocytotoxic A n t i b o d i e s i n M u l t i p l e S c l e r o s i s L. Rumbach, M.M. Tongio, J.M. Warter, C. Marescaux, M. C o l l a r d , S. Mayer 391
I n t e r e s t o f a High R e s o l u t i o n Agarose Gel E l e c t r o p h o r e s i s System (Panagel w i t h a S i l v e r S t a i n i n g R e v e l a t i o n i n the Study of C e r e b r o s p i n a l F l u i d (CSF) Immunoglobulin G E. Plan, J.B. Seneterre, C. Quincy 395
XIII
Two Dimensional E l e c t r o p h o r e s i s o f CSF P r o t e i n s : E l e c t r o p h o r e s i s Q u a l i t y C o n t r o l S. Gehamy, S. Reynier, C. Caudie, C. Quincy 401
S E C T I O N V I I N F L A M M A T I O N AND M A L N U T R I T I O N
A n t h r o p o m e t r i c and B i o l o g i c a l C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n o f M a l n u t r i t i o n S t a t e s i n Man C. Andre, S. Daniere 409
New F i n d i n g s on the Role o f Zinc as a B i o l o g i c a l Response M o d i f i e r S. Cunningham-Rundles ... ........ 421
Immunodeficiency i n P r o t e i n o r V i t a m i n A Deprived Mice P. Binder, B. Gassies, R. Fontanges 429
Immunological Consequences o f P r o t e i n D e p r i v a t i o n i n Primates S. Qazza 439
Serum Thymic F a c t o r (FTS) Contents o f the Thymus i n Undernourished Senegalese C h i l d r e n B. Jambon, 0, Z i e g l e r , B. M a i r e , G. Parent, M.C. Bene, G. Faure, A. P a t r i s , J. D u h e i l l e 453
The C l i n i c o - P a t h o l o g i c a l Consequences of Severe P r o t e i n -Energy M a l n u t r i t i o n i n Deceased Senegalese C h i l d r e n 0. Z i e g l e r , B. Jambon, G. Parent, M. Maire, R. D a r d e l i n , M. F a l l , J. D u h e i l l e 457
P r o t e i n P r o f i l e and Thymic F u n c t i o n i n Protein-Energy M a l n u t r i t i o n w i t h o u t Surimposed I n f e c t i o n s : Anorexia Nervosa F. B l e i b e r g , S. Wade, D. Lemonnier, M. Dardenne, H. F l a v i g n y , A. Mosse, J. L u b e t z k i , P. Chapuis, D. Roche 461
XIV
M a l n u t r i t i o n i n Cancer and Cachectic P a t i e n t s F, B o z z e t t i 465
Marker P r o t e i n s o f I n f l a m m a t i o n and N u t r i t i o n i n Advanced Cancer L. Deneux, M. Magalhaes, H. Magdelenat, P. P o u i l l a r t 477
N u t r i t i o n a l and I n f l a m m a t o r y S t a t u s i n 26 Cases o f M a l i g n a n t Hemopathies of the I n f a n c y F. Bienvenu, A. Rochette, G. S o u i l l e t 481
Comparison between CRP Serum Values and H e m a t o l o g i c a l Parameters f o r Diagnosis and T h e r a p e u t i c S u r v e i l l a n c e o f Neonatal I n f e c t i o n s C. B e n a t t a r , D. V a u z e l l e , A. Lindenbaum, J.F. Magny 485
C o n t r i b u t i o n o f P r i n c i p a l Components A n a l y s i s t o the Study o f I n f l a m m a t o r y and N u t r i t i o n a l S t a t u s on I n t e n s i v e Care P a t i e n t s J.P. C l a v e l , D. Gerbet, M.C. Diemert, J. G a l l i , A. G a l l i , P. Glaser 489
E f f e c t s o f N u t r i t i o n on the P o s t - O p e r a t i v e Serum Levels o f Prealbumin (PA), T r a n s f e r r i n (T) and F i b r o n e c t i n (FN) J.F. Zazzo, B. M i l l a t , D. V a u z e l l e , A. A b e l l a 493
Surgery Induced M o d i f i c a t i o n s o f Plasma P r o t e i n Levels A. Lepape, J.P. P e r d r i x , B. Rondelet, V. B a n s s i l l o n , J. Bienvenu, H. Bernon, A. R o u l l e t , P. L a u r ent 497
Study o f 8 Plasma P r o t e i n s d u r i n g a Case o f Severe Heat Stroke J.P. P e r d r i x , A. Lepape, J.M. G r o z e l , V. B a n s s i l l o n , J. Bienvenu, M. Manchon, H. Bernon, A. R o u l l e t 503
Serum P r o t e i n P r o f i l e E v o l u t i o n a f t e r Sub-Total Hepatectomy M. David, A. Lobera, D. Maree, E. Legrand 507
XV
M a l n u t r i t i o n and Immunity i n Chronic Heavy D r i n k e r s w i t h and w i t h o u t C i r r h o s i s D. V u i t t o n , P. R o l l i n , P. Jeambrun, H. Allemand, M.T. H e n r i e t , P. Herve, J.P. Miguet 513
B i o l o g i c a l N u t r i t i o n a l Markers which P o o r l y R e f l e c t the A c t i v i t y o f Crohn's Disease L. Descos, C. Andre, F. Andre, P. Landais, J. Fermanian 519
P r e d i c t i o n o f Success o r F a i l u r e o f P a r e n t e r a l A l i m e n t a t i o n i n the Treatment o f Severe Forms o f Crohn's Disease and R e c t o c o l i t i s C. Andre, L. Descos, N. St r e m s d o r f e r 523
Albumin Assay w i t h A s t r a 8 by a Technique Using Bromocresol Green: Q u a l i t y C r i t e r i a , Comparison w i t h Nephelometry J. Oglobine, B. Bouchet, Z. P o u r s h a i d i , A. Desplaces 527
Q u a n t i t a t i v e E stimate o f the N u t r i o n a l S t atus Through the Measurement o f the E l e c t r i c a l Body Impedence A.L. Thomasset, C. R o u l l e t , J. L e n o i r 531
S E C T I O N V I I MARKER P R O T E I N S I N E X P E R I M E N T A L MODELS
OF I N F L A M M A T I O N
C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n o f C i r c u l a t i n g A l p h a - l - A c i d - G l y c o -p r o t e i n i n Normal and I n f l a m m a t o r y Mice P.M.H. Heegaard, J. Bienvenu, I . Sabbagh, A. D e l v i l , P. L a u r e n t , T.C. B0g-Hansen 539
The I n f l a m m a t o r y R e a c t i o n o f the Developing Rat: Responses o f Serum S t e r o i d Hormones and P r o t e i n s H. Zouaghi, L.Savu, R. Vranckx, M.E. M a r t i n , E.A. Nunez .. 549
The E f f e c t s o f E t h i n y l - O e s t r a d i o l and o f Acute Inflammat i o n on the Plasma Level o f Rat Alpha 1-Acid Glycop r o t e i n and on the C e l l - F r e e T r a n s l a t i o n o f i t s Hepatic mRNA M. Diarry-Mehrpour, J. Bourguignon, I . L e r o u x - N i c o l l e t , D. Vercaigne, D. Biou, M. H i r o n , J.P. Lebreton 553
XVI
Evidence f o r the I d e n t y Between Alpha 1-Cysteine-P r o t e i n a s e - I n h i b i t o r and Alpha 1-Acute-Phase G l o b u l i n i n Rat Serum F. Esnard, L. Wibissono, C. Lombart, F. G a u t h i e r 557
Changes i n C o n c e n t r a t i o n o f F i v e Rat Serum P r o t e i n a s e -I n h i b i t o r s D u ring Experimental Diabetes. P o s s i b l e Relevance t o Non Enzymatic G l y c o s y l a t i o n F. Esnard, A. Lepape, W.T. Stauber, J.D. G u i t t o n , F. G a u t h i e r 561
Acute Phase Reactants, Thromboxane and P r o s t a c y c l i n D u r i n g Calcium Pyrophosphate-Induced P l e u r i s y i n the Rat M. T i s s o t , M. S o l i e r , J.P. Giroud, M. D'Asniere, R. Engler 565
Study o f the G l y c o s y l a t e d V a r i a n t s o f Chicken Haptoglobin F. D e l e r s , M. Domingo, Y. Rondeau, R. Engler 569
Evidence f o r the Presence i n Chicken Plasma o f a Ligand f o r H a p t o g l o b i n which D i f f e r s from Hemoglobin F. D e l e r s , M. Domingo, Y. Rondeau, R. Engler 575
E f f e c t o f an Acute I n f l a m m a t o r y Reaction on t h e Haptog l o b i n , Albumin, Cytochrome P-450 Contents and Glucose-6-Phosphatase A c t i v i t y i n Hepatic Microsomal F r a c t i o n s i n the Rat J.L. Mahu, G. Feldmann, R. Engler 581
C i r c a d i a n V a r i a t i o n i n PMN-Migration Induced by L i v e BCG i n Swiss Mice J.P. Bureau, L. G a r r e l l y , M. Coupe, G. Labrecque 585
S E C T I O N V I I I L E C T I N S
I n t r o d u c t i v e Notes M. Caron, A. Faure 591
XVII
P a r t 1: L e c t i n s as Tools
The Use of L e c t i n s t o Study Changes i n Rat Membrane G l y c o p r o t e i n s Induced by O r a l C o n t r a c e p t i v e s B. Toor, L. McGregor, J. McGregor, S. Renaud, K.J. Clemetson 597
I d e n t i f i c a t i o n o f Cytoplasmic and Membrane P l a t e l e t G l y c o p r o t e i n s Using a Combination o f SDS-Polyacrylamide Gel E l e c t r o p h o r e s i s and 125- [-Labelled L e c t i n s P. C l e z a r d i n , J.L. McGregor, E. James, M. Dechavanne, K.J. Clemetson 601
C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n o f Human Epidermal G l y c o p r o t e i n s Recognized by the L e c t i n s Con A and PNA P.W. Ledger, A. Reano, J.Y. Bonnefoy, J. T h i v o l l e t 605
F l u o r e s c e n t L e c t i n s and Q u a n t i t a t i v e Microscopy M.A. Deugnier, X. Albe, J.C. B i s c o n t e 609
E f f e c t s o f Serum on L e c t i n - I n d u c e d Lymphocyte P r o l i f e r a t i o n P.J. Neveu, D. Perdoux 613
Concanavalin A and Prothrombin Complex M. Cou l e t , M.J. Bezou, P. Travade 615
M o d i f i c a t i o n of Thymidine T r a n s p o r t i n L e c t i n -S t i m u l a t e d Lymphocytes P. Beaudry, A. S h a r i f , Y. Goussault 619
I n d u c t i o n o f a Thymidine Metabolisme Enzyme i n Human Lymphocytes S t i m u l a t e d by the R o b i n i a pseudoacacia L e c t i n A. S h a r i f , P. Beaudry, Y. Goussault 621
L e c t i n s o f Robi n i a pseudoacacia J. Wantyghem, C. Goulut, J.P. Frenoy, Y. Goussault 625
XVIII
S p e c i f i c i t y o f Human Plasma F i b r o n e c t i n Towards B i o m a t e r i a l s M. Caron, A. Faure, D. G u l i n o , C. Boisson, J. J o z e f o n v i c z 627
Study o f the G l y c o s y l a t e d P o p u l a t i o n s o f Plasma Alpha 1-Acid G l y c o p r o t e i n i n Human Bre a s t Cancer P a t i e n t s T r e a t e d w i t h Tamoxifen I . L e r o u x - N i c o l l e t , J.P. Le b r e t o n , M. H i r o n , F. Sauger, C. V e y r e t , P. B a s t i t 631
Physico-chemical and Biochemical C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f the Con-A Reactive and Non Reactiv e M o l e c u l a r V a r i a n t s o f Human Alpha 1-Acid G l y c o p r o t e i n I . L e r o u x - N i c o l l e t , M. H i r o n , M. F o n t a i n e , J.P. L e b r e t o n , J.P. K e r c k a e r t , B. Bayard 635
P a r t 2: B i o l o g i c a l F u n c t i o n s o f L e c t i n s
B i o l o g i c a l F unctions o f L e c t i n s M. Caron, M.A. Deugnier, R. J o u b e r t , P.P. Rouge 641
L o c a l i z a t i o n and B i o s y n t h e s i s o f La t h y r u s ochrus Seeds L e c t i n C. Boisseau, H. Causse, A. Moisand, D. Pere, B. Sousa-Cavada, P. Rouge 651
Surface and T o t a l Receptors f o r A s i a l o g l y c o p r o t e i n s i n Hepatocytes from D i a b e t i c Rats G. Durand, M. Dodeur, J.P.Dumont, S. Coumoul, J. Agneray, J. Feger 655
P a r t 3: A f f i n i t y and S p e c i f i c i t y o f L e c t i n s
L e c t i n ( s ) - Lig a n d ( s ) I n t e r a c t i o n s J.P. Frenoy 661
XIX
A Comparative Study o f A f f i n i t y Constants Measured by D i f f e r e n t Methods, Between Peanut L e c t i n and Sugars w i t h G a l a c t o s y l M o d i f i e d on C ( 6 ) o r C ( l ) J. Ohanessian, M. Caron 6 6 5
E f f e c t o f pH on B i n d i n g P r o p e r t i e s o f Peanut A g g l u t i n i n (PNA) M. D e c a s t e l , J.P. Frenoy 6 7 1
Use o f L e c t i n s t o Examine the M i c r o h e t e r o g e n e i t y o f Rat Hemopexin N. Bernard, R. Vranckx 6 7 3
AUTHOR I N D E X 6 7 9
S U B J E C T I N D E X 6 8 3
ELASTASE-aiPROTEINASE INHIBITOR COMPLEX (E-a PI) AND C-REACTIVE PROTEIN (CRP): EARLY INDICATORS OF INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES.
1 2 2 Marianne Jochum, Karl-Heimo Duswald, Hartmut D i t t m e r and 3
S i e g f r i e d Neumann 1
Dept. o f C l i n . Chem. and C l i n . Biochem. o f t h e S u r g i c a l C l i -2
n i c s , U n i v e r s i t y o f Munich, D-8000 Munich 2 3
Biochem. Research E. Merck , D-6100 Darmstadt 1
I n t r o d u c t i o n
I n t h e course o f i n f l a m m a t o r y processes s t i m u l a t i o n o f phagocyt o s i s and p r o d u c t i o n o f acute phase r e a c t a n t s are c l o s e l y connected. Whereas acute phase p r o t e i n s are s y n t h e s i z e d as r e g u l a t o r s o f t h e i n f l a m m a t o r y response d e n o v o by t h e l i v e r c e l l s , lysosomal enzymes of phagocytes are p r e f o r m e d and can be r e l e a s e d immediately i n t o t h e c i r c u l a t i o n d u r i n g f r u s t r a t e d p hagocytosis o r c e l l d i s i n t e g r a t i o n . I n t h i s way, e s p e c i a l l y lysosomal p r o t e i n a s e s from PMN g r a n u l o c y t e s l i k e e l a s t a s e (E) may cause d e s t r u c t i v e processes b e f o r e t h e y are i n a c t i v a t e d by plasma p r o t e i n a s e i n h i b i t o r s , e.g. - p r o t e i n ase i n h i b i t o r ( o ^ P I ) . I n c r e a s e d l e v e l s o f t h e E-a^PI complex should be, t h e r e f o r e , a c l e a r i n d i c a t i o n o f t he involvement o f lysosomal p r o t e i n a s e s i n t he i n f l a m m a t o r y response ( 1 ) .
M a t e r i a l and Methods
Using a r e c e n t l y developed enzyme-linked immunoassay (2) we det e r m i n e d the plasma l e v e l s o f E-ot^PI i n 41 p a t i e n t s s u b j e c t e d t o major abdominal s u r g e r y as w e l l as i n 27 p a t i e n t s s u f f e r i n g from m u l t i p l e trauma. The acute phase r e a c t a n t s C - r e a c t i v e p r o t e i n (CRP) , - a n t i c h y m o t r y p s i n (cx^AC) and C 1 - i n a c t i v a t o r (C1 INA) were e v a l u a t e d by r a d i a l i m m u n o d i f f u s i o n (LC- o r M-P a r t i g e n , Behringwerke Marburg, FRG); a - - p r o t e i n a s e i n h i b i t o r
Marker Proteins in Inflammation, Vol. 2 © 1984 Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin • New York - Printed in Germany
52
(cx^pi) and cc^-plasmin i n h i b i t o r (ct^pi) were measured by t h e i r i n h i b i t o r y a c t i o n on t h e t a r g e t enzyme u s i n g chromogenic p e p t i de s u b s t r a t e s (Chromozym T r y , Boehringer Mannheim FRG and S-2251, Kabi Stockholm, Sweden, r e s p e c t i v e l y ) .
R esults and D i s c u s s i o n
Septicemia
T h i r t y o f 41 p a t i e n t s s u b j e c t e d t o major abdominal s u r g e r y s u f f e r e d from s e p t i c e m i a d u r i n g t h e p o s t o p e r a t i v e phase. Of these p a t i e n t s 14 s u r v i v e d t h e i n f e c t i o n (group B) whereas the o t h e r 16 d i e d as a d i r e c t r e s u l t o f s e p t i c e m i a (group C). The 11 pat i e n t s w i t h o u t p o s t o p e r a t i v e i n f e c t i o n served as c o n t r o l s (group A ) .
Abdominal surgery ( F i g . 1) was f o l l o w e d by an i n c r e a s e o f E-a^ PI up t o 3 - f o l d o f the mean standa r d v a l u e (60 t o 110 n g / m l ) . P a t i e n t s s u f f e r i n g from p r e o p e r a t i v e i n f e c t i o n s (6 o u t o f 16 i n group C), showed a l r e a d y s i g n i f i c a n t l y e l e v a t e d p r e o p e r a t i v e E-ct^PI l e v e l s . Immediately a f t e r s u r g e r y , a s l i g h t decrease was observed, p r o b a b l y due t o e l i m i n a t i o n o f t h e i n f e c t i o n f o c u s . Before onset of s e p s i s , t h e E-a^PI c o n c e n t r a t i o n s o f groups B and C showed a moderate e l e v a t i o n b u t no s i g n i f i c a n t changes compared t o the e a r l y p o s t o p e r a t i v e l e v e l s . However, a t t h e beg i n n i n g of s e p t i c e m i a a h i g h l y s i g n i f i c a n t i n c r e a s e o f t h e E-o^PI l e v e l s c o u l d be d e t e c t e d , up t o 6 - f o l d i n group B and up t o 1 0 - f o l d i n group C. Peak l e v e l s were found t o be h i g h e r t h a n 2 500 ng/ml i n b o t h groups. The E-a^PI l e v e l s o f s e p t i c p a t i e n t s who recovered showed a c l e a r tendency towards normal v a l u e s . I n p a t i e n t s w i t h p e r s i s t i n g s e p t i c e m i a , h i g h l e v e l s o f E-a^PI were measured u n t i l death.
D a i l y measurements o f p r e - and e a r l y p o s t o p e r a t i v e v a l u e s o f CRP and E-a^PI i n the c o n t r o l and s e p t i c e m i a groups designed b o t h f a c t o r s as b e i n g s i m i l a r l y s e n s i b l e t o t h e i n f l a m m a t o r y s t i m u l u s ( F i g . 1 ) . I n c o n t r a s t t o the E-a PI l e v e l s , however, the CRP l e v e l s d i d n o t a l l o w d i s c r i m i n a t i o n o f t h e s e v e r i t y o f
53
Fig. 1. Plasma levels of E-o^Pl
CRP
complex and CRP i n patients with major abdominal surgery. A = without pop. I . B = survival of pop. I . C = death due to pop. I . (pop. I . = postoperative infection) . Data are given as mean values for the day before operation, the day a f t e r operation, the period before onset of sepsis and the course of septicemia. The l a s t determinations were done on the days of discharge (D) i n group A, recovery (R) i n group B, and before death (t) i n group C. Normal range (nr) of E-ct^PI: 60-110 ng/ml.
t h e i n f e c t i o n i n the l a t e r p o s t o p e r a t i v e phase, n e i t h e r a t onset nor d u r i n g s e p t i c e m i a i n b o t h i n f e c t e d groups; o n l y the l a s t v a l u e s were i n agreement w i t h c l i n i c a l o b s e r v a t i o n s . O b v i o u s l y , l i b e r a t i o n o f lysosomal e l a s t a s e , p r o b a b l y due t o an enhanced a c t i o n o f endotoxins on g r a n u l o c y t e s t h r o u g h o u t s e p t i c e m i a , does r e f l e c t more s p e c i f i c a l l y t h i s severe i n f e c t i o n compared t o CRP, which i s supposed t o p l a y a c e n t r a l r o l e i n u n s p e c i f i c h o s t defence ( 3 ) .
Moreover, the plasma p r o t e i n a s e i n h i b i t o r s (o^AC, C1 INA, a^PI and o>2 P I^ r e p r e s e n t i n g acute phase p r o t e i n s d i d a l s o n o t r e f l e c t t h e morbid s t a t e , l i k e l y due t o an o v e r l a p of p r o d u c t i o n and consumption of these g l y c o p r o t e i n s (data n o t shown).
54
M u l t i p l e trauma
I n a p r e l i m i n a r y study r e l e a s e of g r a n u l o c y t i c e l a s t a s e i n t o plasma was f o l l o w e d up every 4 hours i n p a t i e n t s who s u f f e r e d from m u l t i p l e trauma. The i n c r e a s e of the E-ct^PI complex up t o 16 hours a f t e r a c c i d e n t c o i n c i d e d c l e a r l y w i t h the s e v e r i t y o f the i n j u r y ( F i g . 2 ) , t h e degree o f i n j u r y b e i n g e s t a b l i s h e d on the b a s i s o f a h o s p i t a l i n t e r n a l s c a l e r a n g i n g from 1-20 p o i n t s . Group I p a t i e n t s (5 t o 7 p o i n t s ) showed a maximal i n c r e a s e o f E-a^PI up t o 5 - f o l d above normal v a l u e s and group I I p a t i e n t s (9 t o 11 p o i n t s ) up t o 1 0 - f o l d . I n group I I I (14 t o 17 p o i n t s ) peak l e v e l s h i g h e r t han 2 0 - f o l d above normal were measured. During the f u r t h e r o b s e r v a t i o n p e r i o d (up t o 100 h) a s i g n i f i c a n t decrease of E-a^PI plasma l e v e l s towards normal v a l u e s was observed i n a l l p a t i e n t s .
C-reoctive Protein (CRP) F i g . 2. Plasma l e v e l s o f E-ct^PI complex and CRP i n p a t i e n t s a f t e r m u l t i p l e trauma. On t h e b a s i s o f a h o s p i t a l i n t e r n a l s c a l e w i t h 20 p o i n t s (HISP)pat i e n t s were a l l i e d t o 3 groups r e f l e c t i n g t h e sev e r i t y o f i n j u r y : I m i l d ; I I severe; I I I h i g h l y sev e r e .
Group
I I I I I I
NO. Of patients
12 11 4
HISP
6.3+0. 10.0+1.
15.3+1.
After Accident
Normal range of E-a^PI: 6 0 - 1 1 0 ng/ml
55
Maximal i n c r e a s e o f CRP l e v e l s was observed n o r m a l l y between 20 and 40 h a f t e r a c c i d e n t (group I and I I i n F i g . 2 ). I n a few cases (group I I I ) maximal CRP v a l u e s were measured up t o 88 h a f t e r trauma ( F i g . 2 ). W i t h i n t h e o b s e r v a t i o n p e r i o d , t h e CRP l e v e l s showed n e i t h e r a s t a t i s t i c a l l y s i g n i f i c a n t c o r r e l a t i o n t o t h e s e v e r i t y of t h e i n j u r i e s nor a c l e a r tendency towards n o r m a l i z a t i o n . The same h o l d s t r u e f o r t h e plasma p r o t e i n a s e i n h i b i t o r s responding as acute phase p r o t e i n s (data n o t shown). I n c o n t r a s t t o r e s u l t s p u b l i s h e d r e c e n t l y ( 4 ), we c o u l d so f a r n o t f i n d a r e l a t i o n s h i p between t h e amount o f CRP i n plasma and p o s t t r a u m a t i c c o m p l i c a t i o n s a f t e r c r a n i o - c e r e b r a l i n j u r i e s .
Conclusions
A l t h o u g h o f a l l known acute phase p r o t e i n s CRP r i s e s most d r a m a t i c a l l y and r a p i d l y , t h e g i v e n d a t a demonstrate t h a t complexed e l a s t a s e (E-cx^PI) r e f l e c t s t h e s e v e r i t y of an i n f l a m m a t o r y r e sponse c l e a r l y e a r l i e r and more s p e c i f i c a l l y . Hence, compared t o lysosomal e l a s t a s e i n c r e a s e d p r o d u c t i o n o f acute phase p r o t e i n s , a t l e a s t o f CRP, r e p r e s e n t s a delayed and l e s s s p e c i f i c answer o f t h e organisms t o the p r i m a r y i n f l a m m a t o r y s t i m u l i d u r i n g diseases such as s e p t i c e m i a and m u l t i p l e trauma.
References
1 . Jochum, M., Duswald, K.H., H i l l e r , E., and F r i t z , H.: I n : S e l e c t e d Topics i n C l i n i c a l Enzymology; Walter de G r u y t e r and Co., B e r l i n , New York, 1 9 8 3 , 8 5 - 1 0 0 .
2 . Neumann, S., Hennrich, N., Gunzer, G., and Lang, H.: J. C l i n . Biochem. J_9, 232 (1 981 ) .
3 . Kushner, I . , Gewürz, H., Benson, M.D.: J. Lab. C l i n . Med. 9 7 , 7 3 9 - 7 4 9 ( 1 9 8 1 ) .
4 . E n g l e r , E.: Laboratoriumsblätter 33., 1-8 ( 1 9 8 3 ) .
AUTHOR I N D E X
A b e l l a , M. 493 Adam, A. 57,79 Agneray, J. 655 Albe, X. 609 A l l e n , R.C. 43 Allemand, D. 513 Andre, C. 409,519,523 Andre, F. 519 An t o i n e , P. 375 Arnaud, P. 43,181,319
B a n s s i l l o n , V. 497,503 B a r b i e r , M. 251 B a r b i e r , Y. 251 B a s t i t , P. 631 Bata, J. 207 Bayard, B. 635 Beaudry, P. 619,621 B e n a t t a r d , C. 485 Bene, M.C. 453 Benzerara, 0. 231 Bernard, N. 673 Bernon, H. 497,503 Bezou, M.J. 615 Bienvenu, J. 71,497,503,539 Bienvenu, F. 481 B i e t h , J.G. 227 Binder, P. 429 B i o t , N. 243 Biou, D. 553 B i s c o n t e , J.C. 609 B l e i b e r g , F. 461 B 0 g-Hansen, T.C. 539 Boisseau, C. 651 Boisson, C. 627 Boisson, R.C. 251 Bonnefoy, J.Y. 605 Bouchet, C. 527 Boudier, C. 227 Bourg, P. 305 Bourguignon, J. 553 B o z z e t t i , F. 465 Brune, J. 223,231,255 Bureau, J.P. 585
Calay, G. 79 Camb i l l a u , M. 247 C a r l i , A. 75 Caron, M. 591,627,641,665 C a r t i e r , B. 305
Caudie, C. 345,359,365,401 Causse, H. 651 Chambers, R.E. 4 7 Chapuis, P. 461 C h a p u i s - C e l l i e r , C. 255 Chauvot, P. 223 C h a z a l e t t e , J.-P. 235,239 C l a v e l , j . P . 489 Clemetson, K.J. 597,601 C l e z a r d i n , P. 601 C o l i n , B. 71 C o l l a r d , M. 391 C o l l o m b e l , C. 305 Co n f r a v r e u x , C. 319 C o r d i e r , G. 207,223 C o r d i e r , J.-F. 219,223,231,
255 C o u l e t , M. 615 Coumoul, S. 655 Coupe, M. 585 Cunningham-Rundles, S. 421 C r y s t a l , R.G. 219,261
Damas, J. 57 Danie r e , S. 409 D a r d e l i n , R. 457 Dardenne, M. 461 D'Asniere, M. 565 David, M. 507 D a v r i l , M. 171 D e c a s t e l , M. 671 Dechavanne, M. 601 De F e n o y l , 0. 247 De Hertogh, H. 79 D e l e r s , F. 135,569 D e l v i l , A. 71,539 Delmas, P.D. 281 Demeocq, F. 379 Deneux, L. 477 Descos, L. 519,523 Desplaces, A. 527 Deugnier, M.A. 609,641 Di a r r a - M e h r p o u r , M. 553 Diemert, M.C. 489 D i t t m e r , H. 51 Dodeur, M. 655 Domingo, M. 5 69 Duchassaing, D. 247 D u h e i l l e , J. 453,457 Dumont, J.P. 655
680
Durand, F. 375,655 Duswald, K.H. 51
Emerson, D.L. 43 Engler, R. 135,203,565,
569,581 Ers, P. 57,79 Esnard, F. 203,557,561 Eynard, J.C. 375
F a l l , M. 457 Faulk, W.P. 139 Faure, A. 453,591,627 Fa y m o n v i l l e , M.E. 57 Feger, J. 655 Feldmann, G. 15,581 Fermanian, J. 519 F i e d e l , B.A. 99 F i s c h e r , E. 135 F l a v i g n y , H. 461 Fo n t a i n e , M. 635 Fontanges, R. 429 Freney, 0. 345,359 Frenoy, J.-P. 625,661,671 F r o t , J.C. 383
G a i l l a r d , G. 379 G a l l i , A. 489 G a l l i , J. 489 Garcia, I . 251 G a r r e l l y , L. 585 Gas, S. 359,365 Gassier, B. 421 Ga u t h i e r , F. 203,557,561 Gehamy, S. 401 G e r b a u l t , L. 369 Gerbet, D. 489 Gianazza, E. 181 G i l l y , R. 251 Gindre, D. 243 Gi r a u d e t , P. 383 Giroud, J.P. 565 Glaser, P. 489 Goulut, C. 625 Goussault, Y. 619,621,625 G r o z e l , J.M. 503 Guerot, C. 75 Guibaud, S. 387 G u i t t o n , J.D. 561 G u l i n o , D. 627
Hara, I . 295 Harf, R. 243 Hayem, A. 171
Heegaard, P.M.H. 539 H e n r i e t , M.T. 513 Herve, P. 513 H i r o n , M. 553,631,635 H s i , B.-L. 139 H u l o t , M. 57
I z u i , S. 295
Jacquot, J. 235,239 Jambon, B. 453,457 James, E. 601 Jeambrun, P. 513 Jochum, M. 51 Jo s e f o w i c z , J. 627 J o u b e r t , R. 641
Kazatchkine, M. 135 K e r c k a e r t , J.P. 635 K l e i n k n e c h t , D. 75 Kushner, I . 3
Labrecque, G. 585 Lachneche, B. 223 L a f o n t , P. 251 Lahet, C. 71 La i n e , A. 171 Lamy, M. 57 Landais, P. 519 Lasne, Y. 231 L a t e r , R. 375 L a t o u r , M. 207 La u r e n t , P. 43,71,497,539 Le b r e t o n , J.P. 553,631,635 L e c l e r c , P. 247 Lecocq, J. 311 Lecocq, N.A. 311 Lecomte, J. 57 Ledger, P. 605 Legrand, E. 507 Lemonnier, D. 461 L e n o i r , J. 531 Lepape, A. 497,503,561 L e r o u x - N i c o l l e t , I . 553,
631,635 Lindenbaum, A. 485 Lobera, A. 507 L o i r e , R. 223 Lombart, C. 557 Lowenthal, A. 339 L u b e t z k i , J. 461 Magdelenat, H. 477 Magny, J.F. 485
681
Manu, J.L. 581 Ouazzaz, S. 439 Maire, B. 453,457 Quincy, C. 355,359,365, Malengreaux, P. 57 375,395,401 Malgalhaes, M. 477 Malpuech, G. 379 Raynaud, E.J. 379
Reano, A. 605 Manchon, M. 503 Raynaud, E.J. 379 Reano, A. 605
Marechal, B. 375 R e b a t t u , J.P. 71 Marechal, F. 243 Renaud, S. 597 Maree, D. 507 R e v i l l a r d , J.-P. 207,223 Marescaux, C. 391 Re y n i e r , S. 401 M a r t i n , M.E. 549 Reynolds, H. 153 Mathian, J. 251 Robert, D. 387 Mathieu, M. 305 Robert, 0. 387 Mayer, S. 3 91 Roche, D. 461 McGregor, J. 597,601 Rochette, A. 481 McGregor, L. 597 R o l l i n , P. 513 M e r c a t e l l o , A. 387 Rondeau, Y. 569 Miguet, J.P. 513 Rondelet, B. 497 M i l l a t , B. 493 Roth, M. 311 Moisand, A. 651 Roth-Fouret, C. 153 Mornex, F. 223 Rouge, P. 651 Mornex, J.F. 223,261 Rouge, P.P. 641 Mosse, A. 461 R o u l l e t , A. 497,503 M u l l e r , F. 383 R o u l l e t , C. 531
Rowe, I . 273 Neumann, S. 51 Ruddy, S. 125 Neveu, P.J. 613 Rumbach, L. 391 N o r t h , M.L. 311 Nunez," E.A. 75, 549
Sabbagh, I . 539 Oglobine, J. 527 Sadoul, P. 235,239 Ohanessian, J. 665 Sauger, F. 631
Savu, L. 75,549 Pagano, M. 203 Sen n e t e r r e , J.B. 395 Pages, J. 223 Servoz, G. 355 Parent, G. 453,457 S h a r i f , A. 619,621 P a r i s , M. 247 S i m p l o t , A. 387 P a t r i s , A. 453 S o l i e r , M. 565 P a u l i , G. 227 S o u i l l e t , G. 481 P e l l e t i e r , A. 227 Sousa-Cavada, B. 651 Penet, A. 255 Stauber, W.T. 561 Perdoux, D. 613 S t r e m s d o r f e r , R. 523 P e r d r i x , J.P. 497,503 Pere, D. 651 T h i v o l e t , A.L. 605 P e r r i n , L.F. 71 Thomasset, A.L. 531 P e r r i n - F a y o l l e , M. 243 T i s s o t , M. 565 Plan, E. 395 Tongio, M.M. 391 Ponsot, G. 369 Toor, B. 597 Po n t e t , M. 135 T o u r a i n e , F. 345,355 P o u i l l a r t , P. 477 T o u r a i n e , R. 231 P o u r s h a i d i , Z. 527 T o u r n i e r , J.M. 235,239 P u c h e l l e , E. 235,239 Tran Quang, N. 135 Putnam, F.W. 25 Travade, P. 615
682
V a n l i e f e r i n g h e n , P. 379 V a u z e l l e , D. 485,493 Vercaigne, D. 553 V e r c o u s t r e , B. 243 Vergnon, J.-M. 223,255 Ve y r e t , C. 631 V i n c e n t , M. 223 Vranckx, R. 549,673 V u i t t o n , D. 513
Wade, S. 461 Wantyghem, J. 625 Warter, J.T. 391 Whicher, J.T. 47,89 Wibissono, L. 557 Wiesendanger, T. 223
Yeh, C.-J.
Zazzo, J.F. Z i e g l e r , 0. Zouaghi, H.
139
493 453,457 75,549
S U B J E C T I N D E X
Abortion ( r e c u r r e n t spontaneous) 139. Acute Phase: a l p h a 1 g l o b u l i n 557. r e a c t i o n (mouse) 295. r e a c t i o n ( r a t ) 549, 673 r e a c t a n t p r o t e i n s (APP) 3, 15, 25, 4 7 , 57, 89, 135, 305, 481, 507, 519,
549, 557, 561, 565. APP - n e g a t i v e 3.
A f f i n i t y c o n s t a n t 665. A f f i n o Immunoelectrophoresis 673. Albumin 365, 513, 519, 527, 581. Alpha 1-acid g l y c o p r o t e i n 4 7 , 71, 99, 539, 553. Alpha 1 - a n t i t r y p s i n 207. Alpha 1 - c y s t e i n p r o t e i n a s e i n h i b i t o r 557. Alpha 1-proteinase i n h i b i t o r 251, 561. Alpha 2 m a c r o g l o b u l i n 207. A l v e o l a r macrophage 153, 243. Amyloid 3, 4 7 , 273. Amyloidosis 4 7 . Animal l e c t i n s A n orexia nervosa 461. An thropome try s t a n d a r d 409, 457.
Antigen antibody 295. A s i a l o g l y c o p r o t e i n 655.
BCG 585. Beta i n t e r f e r o n treatment 3, 369.
Beta 2 - m i c r o g l o b u l i n 247, 379. Binding s i t e s copper 25, 575.
Bone d i s e a s e s 281. Bone GLA P r o t e i n 281. B r a i n tumor 375. B r o n c h i a l s u p e r i n f e c t i o n 239. B r o n c h o - a l v e o l a r l a v a g e (BAL) 223, 231, 243.
Calcium metabolism 281. Cancer 465, 477. C a r d i a c d i s e a s e 75. Ca t h e p s i n G 171. L 203.
C e l l u l a r enzymes 153. Cerebro S p i n a l Fuid (CSF) 319, 345, 355, 359, 365, 369, 375, 379, 383, 387, 391, 395, 401. C e r u l o p l a s m i n 25.
684
Chemotactic f a c t o r s 153, 219. Chicken 575. C h o l i n e s t e r a s e i n h i b i t o r 383. C i g a r e t t e smoker 227. C i r c a d i a n rythms 585. C o a g u l a t i o n 99, 597. Complernen t a l t e r n a t i v e pathway 135, 369.
C o n c a n a v a l i n A (Con-A l e c t i n ) 597, 601, 605, 613, 615, 661. Connective t i s s u e d i s e a s e 273. Connective t i s s u e r e p a i r 89. Copper binding s i t e s 489.
C o r t i s o l 75, 461. Crohn's d i s e a s e 519, 523. C - R e a c t i v e P r o t e i n 3, 43, 47, 51, 71, 99, 273, 477, 648. C y s t i c f i b r o s i s 239, 251. Cytochrome P-450 581. C y t o k e r a t i n 605
Delayed h y p e r s e n s i t i v i t y 409. Deoxythymidine 619, 621. D i e t a r y c o n d i t i o n 429.
E l a s tase a l p h a 1 p r o t e i n a s e i n h i b i t o r 51.
E l e c t r o p h o r e s i s two d i m e n s s i o n a l 401.
Emphysema 223. E n c e p h a l i t i s 379. Energy balance 465 Enzyme immunoassay 375. Epidemiology 319. Epidermis g l y c o p r o t e i n s 605. E x p e r i m e n t a l d i s e a s e s d i a b e t e s 561. inflammation 539.
F e r r i t i n 375. F i b r i n o l y t i c enzyme 99, 231. F i b r o n e c t i n 243, 341, 493, 627, 647. F i b r i n 99. F i b r o s i n g a l v e o l i t i s 223. Fluorometer 609.
G a l a c t o s i d e s 665. G a l l i u m scanning 223. Gamma carboxyglutamic 281. G e n e t i c s 319. G l u c o s e 6 phosphatase 581. Gly c o s y l a t i o n non enzymatic 553.
685
G l y c o p r o t e i n membrane
G u i l l a i n B a r r e 387.
Haptoglobin 71, 575, 581. Hemolytic plaque t e s t 15. Hemopathy 481. Hepa tectomy 507. HLA 139. Human l e c t i n s 339.
Hyper immunization and h y p e r s e n s i t i v i t y 339, 429.
I d e a l weight 409. I d i o p a t h i c pulmonary f i b r o s i s 223. Immediate h y p e r s e n s i t i v i t y 429. Immune r e g u l a t i o n 89 Immmune response 421, 429, 453, 513. Immuno a f f i n o e l e c t r o p h o r e s i s 539, 575. Immunochemical q u a n t i t a t i o n 171. Immunoelectrophoresis 255, 539. Immuno f l u o r e s c e n c e 15, 139. Immunoglobulins IgG 247, 339, 365.
Immunological d i s o r d e r 429. Immuno-peroxidase 15. Impedency 531. Inflammatory bowel d i s e a s e s 47. I n t e n s i v e c a r e monitoring 489. I n t e r l e u k i n I 3. I n t e r n a l d u p l i c a t i o n 25. I s o e l e c t r i c f o c u s i n g 43, 255. p o i n t s 43, 255, 401
Isoenzymes 383, 387.
J o i n t d i s e a s e s 305, 311.
K a l l i k r e i n 57, 79.
Kininogen 57, 79.
K i n i n s 57.
Kwashiorkor 453, 457.
L a t h y r u s Ochrus l e c t i n 651. L e c t i n s b i o l o g i c a l f u n c t i o n s 641. b i o s y n t h e s i s 597, 601.
686
1251 l a b e l l e d 597, 601. f l u o r e s c e n t 609. l l g a n d 661. p u r i f i c a t i o n 661.
Lens c u l i n a r i s (LCH l e c t i n ) 597, 601. Leukocytes 345, 585. Leukocyte endogenous pyrogen 3. Limulus polyphemus 661. L i v e r 3, 15, 203, 235, 507, 513. microsomes 581. s t e a t o s i s 457.
Lung d i s e a s e s 153. Lung f i b r o s i s 231. Lymphoblastogenesis 613, 619, 621. Lymphocyte response 207, 421. Lymphocytes s u b s e t s 319, 355. Lymphocy to t o x i c a n t i b o d i e s 391.
M a l n u t r i t i o n 409, 453, 457, 461, 465, 477, 481, 489, 513. Marasmus 453, 457. M a t e r n o - f o e t a l r e l a t i o n s h i p s 139. Meconium 291. Mice ( a l p h a 1-acid g l y c o p r o t e i n ) 539 Monoctotoxics a n t i b o d i e s 391. Monokines 3, 89. mRNA 553. M u l t i p l e S c l e r o s i s 319, 365, 369, 391. M u l t i p l e Trauma 51, 395.
N a t u r a l K i l l e r 421. Negative APP 3. Nephelometry 79 , 527. Non s t e r o i d a l a n t i inflammatory drugs 71.
Oestrogen 553. OKT 355. O l i g o c l o n a l bands 365. IgG 319.
O r a l c o n t r a c e p t i v e 597. O s t e o c a l c i n 281. Oxidant 219, 291.
PAGE ( P o l y a c r y l a m i d e g e l e l e c t r o p h o r e s i s ) 383, 601. P a r e n t e r a l a l i m e n t a t i o n 493, 523. Peanut L e c t i n (PNL-Rh) 605, 609, 665, 671. P e d i a t r i c d i s e a s e s 379, 481. P e r i t o n i t i s 493. P h a g o c y t o s i s 89. Phytohemagglutinin (PHA l e c t i n ) 613. P l a t e l e t s a g g r e g a t i o n 99, 597, 601, 615. membrane g l y c o p r o t e i n 601. r e l e a s e f u n c t i o n s 99.
Pleural e f f u s i o n 565, Prealbumin 369, 477, 493. Pregnancy 159. Prostaglandin 565. Protase-antiprotease 89, 171, 203, 207, 219. Pro t e i n metabolism 465. Protein sequence (ceruloplasmin) 25. Protein l i g a n d i n t e r a c t i o n s 575. Proteinase i n h i b i t o r 203.
Prothrombin 615. Prothrombin complex f a c t o r s 615. Pulmonary a l v e o l i t i s 219.
Quick time 615.
Radio immuno assay 79, 281. Rat 549, 553, 557, 561, 581, 597. alpha l- a c i d g l y c o p r o t e i n 553. developing 549. hepatocyte 553, 655. p l a t e l e t 597. t r a n s c o r t i n 549.
R e c t o c o l i t i s 523. Renal disease 75. R e t i n o l Binding P r o t e i n 477. R e t r o v i r a l GP70:I 295. Rheumatoid a r t h r i t i s 47, 905, 311. Robinia Pseudoacacia l e c t i n 619, 621, 625.
Sarcoidosis 243, 247. Secretion 15. Septicemia 51. Serum Amyloid A P r o t e i n (SAA) 47, 273. Serum Amyloid P Component (SAP) 99, 273, 648. S i l v e r s t a i n i n g 253, 395. Skin f o l d 409. Sputum 239. S t a t i s t i c a l a nalysis 439. Synovial f l u i d 305. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 295.
Thymic f a c t o r (serum) 453, 461. T i t r a t i o n curves 43. T r a n s c o r t i n 75. T r a n s f e r r i n 477, 493. Trophoblast 139.
Vaccination 429.
Wheat germ a g g l u t i n i n (WGA l e c t i n ) 597, 601.
Zinc 421, 461, 489.