Marrakesh Ministerial Decision

on LDCs and NFIDCs

Information Session on International Food Aid

24 June 2019

Diwakar Dixit

Agriculture and Commodities Division

diwakar.dixit@wto.org

❖Part of the Uruguay Round outcome

❖Recognition of possible negative effects of Reform

Programme on LDCs and NFIDCs in terms of:

❖“availability of adequate supplies of basic foodstuffs from

external sources, on reasonable terms and conditions”

❖Ministers agreed to establish appropriate

mechanisms including in the domain of

International food aid

❖ Committee on Agriculture (CoA) mandated to

monitor the follow-up to the Decision

Marrakesh Ministerial Decision on LDCs & NFIDCs

❖ For international food aid, the Decision provides for:

❖ Review of food aid levels under the FAC and the initiation of

negotiations within the FAC framework to establish such levels

to meet developing countries’ needs

❖ Concessionality of food aid: towards fully-grant form

❖ Further follow-up and guidance by Ministers at

Singapore (1996) and Doha (2001) on renegotiations of

the FAC and on donor Members’ food aid policies

❖Commitments in the NF Decision and the associated

review and monitoring reaffirmed at Nairobi (2015):

❖Review of the International food aid disciplines mandated within

CoA’s NF annual monitoring

NFIDC Decision and International Food Aid

❖CoA in 1995 established annual NF monitoring exercise

and a dedicated NF notification obligation

❖Annual notification by all donor Members on:

(1) Quantity of food aid provided to least-developed and net

food-importing developing countries

(2) Indication of the proportion in fully grant form or

appropriate concessional terms

(3) Technical and financial assistance under paragraph 3(iii)

of the Decision

(4) Other relevant information with respect to actions taken

within the framework of the Decision

NF Notification Format

NF Notifications by Donor Members

1. Australia 2. Canada

3. European Union 4. Japan

5. Russian Federation 6. Switzerland

7. United States of America

FAC Parties

Other Members

8. Cuba 9. Indonesia

10. New Zealand 11. Norway

12. South Africa

Examples of international food aid reporting

(extracts from NF Notifications)

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Australia (2016/17)

All Australian food assistance in financial year 2016/17 for Least Developed Countries (LDC) and Net Food-Importing Developing Countries (NFIDC) was provided as cash-based support to the UN World Food Programme. The total value of ongoing food assistance was $52.8 million, inclusive of

commodity purchases, cash and voucher transfers and logistic costs (see Attachment A for a breakdown by recipient country). In addition, Australia provided funding for emergency food assistance to LDCs and NFIDCs which totalled $20.9 million (Attachment B).

ATTACHMENT A Country Total Value (AUD)

Bangladesh 8,560,000

Bhutan 320,000

Cambodia 810,000

Democratic Republic of the Congo 2,250,000

Ethiopia 9,750,000

Jordan 3,000,000

Kenya 500,000

Laos 1,750,000

Lesotho 2,829,300

Madagascar 1,627,299

Malawi 2,469,303

Mali 1,430,000

Mozambique 3,126,097

Myanmar 2,710,000

Pakistan 6,116,133

Nepal 570,000

Somalia 5,000,000

TOTAL 52,818,133

ATTACHMENT B

Emergency Food Assistance, including to LDCs and NFIDCs, by country, 2016/17

Country Total Value (AUD)

Afghanistan 4,500,000

Chad 1,351,000

Niger 2,000,000

South Sudan 8,570,000

Sri Lanka 500,000

Swaziland 930,300

Yemen 3,000,000

TOTAL 20,851,300

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EUROPEAN UNION (2018)

Total food assistance and nutrition funding allocations for LDCs and NFIDCs was EUR 404.9 million in 2018. This amount was spent mostly on products, logistics, support operations and transport, flanking measures and measures to monitor implementation of humanitarian food assistance and nutrition programmes, as well as livelihoods protection programmes. The proportion of the overall food assistance delivered in the form of cash and voucher transfers represented about 33% of the

total funding).

For total funds allocated for food and nutrition assistance in 2018 to LDC and NFIDCs by beneficiary

country see Annex 1.

ANNEX

Funds allocated in 2018 for LDCs/NFIDCs for food and nutritional assistance (euros)

Country name TOTAL euro

Afghanistan 9,638,914

Bangladesh 17,605,666

Burkina Faso 13,328,415

Burundi 33,389

Central African Republic 11,876,855

Chad 46,855,924

Congo, Democratic Republic of. 21,189,664

Ethiopia 23,275,133

Haiti 9,697,732

Madagascar 304,218

Mali 21,549,710

Mauritania 11,074,985

Mozambique 30,721

Myanmar 2,586,518

Nepal 259,776

Niger 25,604,835

Rwanda 28,076,643

Regional: Burkina Faso, Mali, Mauritania, Niger 13,348,932

Senegal 560,616

Somalia 29,217,055

South Sudan Republic 14,830,195

Sudan 20,222,887

Uganda 14,987,502

Tanzania 2,649,187

Yemen 66,125,978

Total €404,931,452

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UNITED STATES (2015/16)

______________________________________________________________________________

1 QUANTITY OF FOOD ASSISTANCE PROVIDED TO LEAST-DEVELOPED AND NET FOOD-IMPORTING DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Tonnage Product

7,180 Beans 4,800 Bulgur 1,970 Corn

24,750 Cornmeal 36,580 Corn-Soy Blend 320 Emergency Food Product Meal Replacement 101,440 Peas

56,530 Rice 352,820 Sorghum 2,750 Soy-fortified Bulgur 300 Soy-fortified Cornmeal 53,620 Soybean Meal

48,881 Vegetable Oils

811,300 Wheat 1,300 Wheat Flour 1,150 Wheat-Soy Blend

Total: 1,505,691 tons

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Japan (2016)

The Government of Japan (GOJ) grants funds to be used to purchase food.

The total amount of the funds that GOJ granted in calendar year 2016 was

US$38.13 million.

ATTACHMENT

Food Assistance Convention, 2012: Report of Transaction (Terms = All Gift) Shipments made during 1 January 2016-31 December 2016

Recipient Country Type of Grain Actual Amount

(MT)

FOB Value

(US$)

Benin Rice 7,188 3,250,018

Burkina Faso Rice 7,460 3,261,706

Cavo Verde Rice 3,703 1,702,335

Comoros Rice 3,380 1,467,569

Democratic Republic of the

Congo

Rice 10,899 4,846,856

Haiti Rice 8,510 3,409,574

Mauritania Rice 7,935 3,536,529

Niger Rice 6,772 2,945,040

Sao Tome and Principe Rice 2,570 1,070,799

(Through WFP)

Central African Republic Beans 40 20,190

Chad Sorghum/Millet 2,620 799,146

Djibouti Rice 94 35,087

Pulses 911 395,537

Wheat Flour 666 189,144

Processed

Foods

38 34,675

The Gambia Pulses 312 132,340

Guinea Rice 2,200 825,876

Pulses 72 27,468

Guinea-Bissau Processed

Foods

270 1130,004

Lesotho Processed

Foods

959 613,265

Maize Meal 616 232,848

Pulses 188 73,761

Liberia Rice 1,548 578,914

Mali Processed

Foods

1,326 1,173,339

Senegal Processed

Foods

350 1,465,490

Sierra Leone Rice 4,400 1,643,816

Pulses 576 282,055

Processed

Foods

518 293,671

Southe Sudan Sorghum /Millet 61 15,052

Sri Lanka Processed

Foods

330 1,380,614

Yemen Wheat 6,934 1,299,696

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INDONESIA (2016)

1 QUANTITY OF FOOD ASSISTANCE PROVIDED TO LEAST-DEVELOPED AND NET FOOD-

IMPORTING DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

N/A

2 INDICATION OF THE PROPORTION IN FULLY GRANT FORM OR APPROPRIATE

CONCESSIONAL TERMS

N/A

3 TECHNICAL AND FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE UNDER PARAGRAPH 3(III) OF THE DECISION

1. 26 March to 15 April: Sent trainers in order to facilitate

"International Training on Strengthening of the Artificial Insemination to Achieve Food Security" in the Republic Democratic of Timor Leste as well as tools and materials used

for the Artificial Insemination amounting to 253 million IDR.

2. 21 to 28 March: Inernational Workshop on Agricultural Sector

for African under framework of ARFTC Gambia Revitalization in Republic of the Gambia.

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SOUTH AFRICA (2014)

1 QUANTITY OF FOOD AID PROVIDED TO LEAST-DEVELOPED AND NET FOOD-IMPORTING DEVELOPING COUNTRIES:

1.1. None.

2 INDICATION OF THE PROPORTION IN FULLY GRANT FORM OR APPROPRIATE

CONCESSIONAL TERMS:

2.1. Not applicable.

3 TECHNICAL AND FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE UNDER PARAGRAPH 3(III) OF THE DECISION:

• South Africa provided a financial contribution of ZAR 1 million to the WFP

towards food aid in Malawi.

• South Africa provided a financial contribution of ZAR 2.5 million to FAO to

address the impact of locust infestation, floods and drought devastations in

Madagascar.

• South Africa provided a financial contribution of ZAR 3 million to FAO in

response to emergency appeal to address continental food insecurity

challenge in Africa.

• South Africa provided a financial contribution of ZAR 10.98 Million through

the African Agricultural Development Programme (AADP) for technical

assistance for the purpose of Dairy Production in Mozambique, Zambia and

Malawi.

❖ The last CoA of the year undertakes the annual

monitoring of the Marrakesh NF Decision

❖The monitoring is conducted based on:

❖Donor Members’ NF notifications

❖Contributions by the Observer International Organizations

❖Background note by the Secretariat (G/AG/W/42/ series)

❖ 2019 exercise to be conducted during the next CoA

meeting scheduled for 2-3 October 2019

❖Observer international organizations will be specifically

invited to contribute to the annual monitoring exercise

2019 Annual NF Monitoring Exercise

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THANK YOU