marshals hand book

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MARSHALS HANDBOOK


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CONTENTS

Part I 41. Introduction 42. Organisations involved with the sporting side of a FORMULA 1 ™ Grand Prix 43. Formula One Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi Grand Prix Event Details 44. Regulations relevant to the Meeting 55. Main Components of the Circuit 56. Parts of Circuit of Specific Interest to Marshals 67. People Involved in Organizing the Race 88. Officials Teams 109. Rules and Behavior expected of all Marshals 1210. Personal Equipment 1511. Marshals / Officials Safety 1712. Radio Communication 2913. Written Reports 3414. Closed Circuit TV (CCTV) 3815. Emergency 3816. Fire & Safety 50

Part II - ROLES OF SPECIALIST OFFICIALS 5517. Post Chiefs 5518. Incident Offciers 5919. Flag Marshals 6120. Trackside Marshals 6321. Pit Lane Marshals 6522. Startline Marshals 6923. Fire Marshals 7124. Boundary Riders 7125. Scrutineers 7426. Water Rescue 75

aPPendIx 1. Sector briefing Template 76aPPendIx 2. Pit Lane briefing Template 81aPPendIx 3. Medical Team safety Briefing 88aPPendIx 4. F1 Start Marshals briefing Notes 89

aPPendIx 5. Forms commonly used by Marshals 89aPPendIx 6. First Aid 89aPPendIx 7. Glossary 90aPPendIx 8. Communication 96

F1 MarshallIngMarshals handbook

MaPs - CIRCUIT DEPLOYMENT MAPS 98-101

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both technical and sporting, which detail how the championship events are to be conducted for the year.

All can be found at www.fia.com for those who are interested.

All other events are conducted under Supplementary Regulations issued by the organisers. These Supplementary Regulations refer and defer to series regulations where Support Events are a part of a series involving other circuits. Where the support events are not a part of other series, the Supplementary Regulations will detail how the events are to be conducted.

A short time before the Meeting, further Supplementary Regulations may be issued to detail additional and last minute regulations relating to the support events. If changes or additional regulations need to be issued at the Meeting, official Bulletins will be issued which will have the same authority as the Supplementary Regulations, provided they are approved for issue by the Stewards of the Meeting.

5. Main Components of the Circuit

turns - Turns are numbered sequentially around the track in race direction, with turn 1 being the first turn after the start line.

Use this format at all times when identifying a position around the track. It is also important to specify whether

the grid positions for the Grand Prix). The Grand Prix is supplemented by support races which involve their own various practice sessions, qualifying etc and races may be scheduled on the Saturday and the Sunday.

Circuit Information relevant tothe meeting: All involved should be aware of the following basic data for the GP. The GP is approx 300 km, and runs a maximum of 2 Hours (should any delays be incurred).

number of laps:55Circuit length:5.554 Kmrace direction:Anticlockwisenumbers of turns:21Max speed:317kmh. 290 kmh Pit Straight

support races(a) GP2 Asia Championship(b) Mobil One Porsche Super Cup (c) Chevrolet Super Car Middle East

4. regulations relevant to theMeeting

All events at the meeting are subject to the International Sporting Code of the FIA. In addition the Formula 1 World Championship has its own regulations,

around the world. The Race Director is the senior FIA operations official at the event.

Formula one Management (FoM) -is the body through which the Formula One Constructors Association (FOCA) conducts its administration of Grand Prix. FOM is the commercial unit of the FORMULA 1™ scene, representing the Constructors and the Teams. It is headed by Bernie Ecclestone.

the national sporting authority(asn) - is the affiliate of the FIA and is responsible for the control and administration of motor sports in the territory.

race organizing Committee -comprises The Clerk of the Course, Secretary of the Meeting and representatives from various bodies having an interest in the event. It holds overall responsibility for the race, associated events, demonstrations and parades and coordinates planning and ensures that the requirements of each organization are catered for.

3. event details

event InformationThe date given for the event is that of the Grand Prix (GP), although the event can be considered to commence two days earlier with Free/Untimed Practice, Timed Practice and Qualifying (to decide

PArt One

1. Introduction

Formula 1 is the most prestigious series of motor racing in the global calendar. The championship consists of approximately 17 rounds held between March and November each year at venues around the world. Ten teams field two cars each giving a field of 20. The points system is prone to change, but essentially, the most successful driver is crowned World Champion at the conclusion of the season.

2. organisations involvedwith the sporting side ofa ForMUla 1 ™ grand Prix

the Promoter - is the body responsible for the commercial and technical aspects of the event.

the organiser - is responsible for the circuit activity at the Grand Prix. This is usually the ASN, or a body contracted by the ASN to act on its behalf.

Federation Internationale del’automobile (FIa) - is the international controlling body for automobile sport throughout the world. Some FIA officials come to each FORMULA 1™ event to give guidance to the local officials, and to provide consistency

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safety Car - (3 flashing lights on roof· green light to rear if possible) Normally positioned at Pit Exit Is used during racing if a problem

arises which requires the cars on the track being controlled but not where the race needs to be stopped totally - the race is resumed when the Safety Car is withdrawn.

In major events, will be positioned at the front of the grid to complete a final closing lap at the 5 minute signal, or lead car for a rolling start.

Can be used on an open track for other duties if needed.

stewards Car - often provided, usually without signs or with “STEWARDS” written on sides.

6. Parts of the Circuit of specificInterest to Marshals

race Control - is the Race Director and the Clerk of Course’s office while the track is in use. It is located on the ground floor at the start of the pit lane. Race Control is the place into which all the circuit information is fed, and from where the decisions and instructions are issued. The Race Director and the Clerk of Course are the Senior Official at the track, responsible for conducting the event according to the program.

the race administration office -is next to Race Control. It is the sporting

Radios connecting these units will be detailed to the crews prior to the event, but in all cases, they will be responding to initial directions from Race Control. At an incident site, the cranes will be then being subject to Post Chief direction as to movement and relocation of stranded cars.

equipment team Vehicles :Service or supply utilities or 4WDs to deliver drinks, food, spare equipment etc. Most events will have 2 or 3 of these. Also Tracks Sweepers.

other Vehicles:Course Car - (red & green lightson roof) Positioned in the Pit Lane or

approved position by the Race Director.

Closes the track with a red light showing before each session or race on the track, checking that the track is completely ready for competition at the same time.

Opens the track with a green light showing after each session and race on the track.

May be used on an open track to collect report forms from around the track.

Some circuits use Course Car 1 for opening & closing, and Course Car 2 for other uses (VIP etc.).

Post Chief - is responsible for the safety and direction of the team of marshals on the post. The Post Chief should brief marshals at the start of the day, ensure the equipment has been checked, report any deficiencies to race control, arrange the pairing up of his/her team, They verbally inform Race Control of incidents within their sector and follow that up with a written report handed to the Clerk of the Course, when he drives round the circuit at the end of a session. Reports may cover driving standards and behavior, mechanical problems etc. The Post Chief will also coordinate any clear-up operations and track checking.

Incident officer - is regarded as the eyes and ears of the Clerk of the Course, I/O’s report on incidents during racing and practice, usually by radio in the first instance, they are the hands on manager of trackside incidents whilst continually updating Race Control of the incident situation.

recovery Vehicles: (Flashing Lights) Usually a combination of Tow trucks,

“JCB” mobile cranes, tilt tray units, 4WDs with recovery roles allocated by Race Control depending on the vehicles to be recovered.

Either loaned by commercial operators, or owned by marshals or the circuit.

a position is on the Left or Right of a driver on the track. A separate numbering system applies to Marshal Posts, emergency vehicles, medical posts and other positions or locations around the track, also access gaps in the protective barriers.

Marshal Posts - There are two types of marshal posts around the circuit. Marshal Control Posts where all

facilities are to be found. (Flags, Observers, Track Marshals etc). These will normally headed by a Senior Marshall called a “Post Chief”.

Marshal Posts where one or more facilities are to be found. (Usually Track Marshals or a Medical Post), but from where no flag signals are shown.

Mirror Posts - These are located before a specific Marshal Post and mirror the Yellow Flag signal only of the relevant Marshal Control Post. These Mirror Posts are set up where there may not be a clean line of sight for the driver in respect of a particular Marshal Post and will have judicial and sporting authority with respect to Yellow Flag signals.

how Marshals Posts are manned -Marshals’ posts are located around the circuit and will normally be manned by a Post Chief, Incident Officer, Flag Marshals and Track Marshals.

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the Course may delegate executive responsibility to them at times. The Clerk of the Course, his Deputy and his Assistants will work within Race Control as their base.

The secretary of the meeting is the senior administrative race official and is responsible for the sporting organization of the meeting, and for all announcements required in connection therewith.

In simple terms, the Secretary of the Meeting is responsible for the planning and organization of the Meeting, and the Clerk of the Course is responsible for the conduct of all track activities.

The Secretary of the Meeting is supported by a deputy secretary of the Meeting, and there will be a number of assistant secretaries, each with delegated specific duties - race administration, organization of officials, equipment and facilities, and support categories. These assistants will be based in the Support Paddock while the Secretary of the Meeting and his deputy will work from the F1 Race Administration area.

The emergency Coordinator will assist the Clerk of the Course by coordinating responses to incidents and other emergencies on the track. He will work in close cooperation with the Chief Medical Officer who is

who is the senior Scrutineer, the FIA Medical Delegate who advises the Race Director and oversees the local Medical Team organization and the FIA Medical rescue Coordinator who is responsible for on-the-ground responses to incidents.

The Race Director shall work in permanent consultation with the Clerk of the Course who is a national appointee, and have over-riding authority in a number of matters concerning the conduct of the FORMULA 1 event, including starting and stopping of activity on the track, use of the Safety Car, scheduling of activity and discipline of the FORMULA 1 competitors and drivers.The Clerk of the Course is the senior local operations official and his role is primarily to control all race activities, and other activities where circuit safety and functioning may be involved or impaired, in accord with the regulations and scheduling drawn up for the Meeting. All other officials are responsible to the Clerk of the Course in respect of the conduct of track activities.

The Clerk of the Course will have a Deputy and a number of Assistants who will assist him in the carrying out of his duties, including the conduct of the support events if required. While generally answerable to the Clerk of the Course at all times, the Clerk of

facilities for the event are under the control of the Chief Medical Officer. The Medical Team meets there each night and morning for their team briefings.

radio Communications office -see marshals final instructions for its specific location.

7. People Involved in organizingthe race

A Grand Prix is a round of the FIA Formula One World Championship which is owned by the Federation Internationale de l’Automobile (FIA). The series is managed by Formula One Management (FOM) on behalf of the Formula One Constructors Association (FOCA) who owns the commercial rights to the series.

The FIA sends a number of experienced race officials to provide continuity to the series, and to provide guidance to the local officials in the carrying out of their roles.

There are three stewards appointed by the FIA to oversee the conduct of the event according to the regulations. Other stewards will carry out similar roles in respect to the Support Events.

The senior operations race official sent by the FIA is the race director (currently Charlie Whiting). Others include the FIa technical delegate

administration centre for the event, and the location of the office of the Secretary of the Meeting. The Secretary of the Meeting is a Senior Official responsible for the sporting organization of the event. The race documentation will be handled by the Deputy Secretary (Race Administration) from the circuit. The Deputy Secretary of the Meeting (Support Races) will administer the Support Event activities from the same location.

Pit lane - is where all the International teams are located. Access to the Pit Lane is strictly restricted to the correct pass holders only, except during Support Races, when the local teams are given restricted access.

gP Paddock - this area contains all the support facilities for the international teams and is located behind the Pit Lane garages; access is again restricted to pass holders only.

support Paddock - is the paddock area for all vehicles and teams in the support races. It’s located between Turns 10 and 11 on the outside of the circuit with direct access to the circuit.

Medical Centre - is a fully equipped medical facility for the treatment of injured drivers, team members, and officials. It is located next to Race Control by the Pit Entrance. The Medical Centre and all other medical

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events. They also control the Pit Exit, acting under direction from Race Control.

team 8 - Fire Marshals - are the trained Fire Marshals with regular motor sport experience. Some are allocated to maintain a protective cover on Pit Lane, and others are on the Fire Units, strategically placed to respond around the circuit.

team 9 - track Marshals - is the team of general marshals around the circuit, based at the Marshal Posts. Their duties include helping stopped drivers, assisting the Fire & Medical personnel, using the flags if requested, sweeping the track and assisting the Recovery crews.

The Track Marshals are expected to check the track thoroughly between each session in order to remove all debris which could cause a hazard to the next competitors using the track

team 10 - Post Chiefs / Incident officers - is the team of senior trackside officials, one being in charge of each Post / Sector of the track.

team 11 - Paddock Marshals - is the team controlling the Paddock areas and the access gates out to the restricted areas.

team 3 - Medical - comprises of specially trained doctors, nurses and paramedics which are available to provide medical intervention at any time and any place around the circuit. They are based in the Intervention Vehicles, on foot in some areas, and at the Medical Centre. Each Intervention vehicle is manned by an experienced driver, a paramedical officer, and a doctor, and is equipped with portable medical equipment.

team 4 - stewards - Comprises of both F1 Stewards and Support Race Stewards.

team 5 - Flag Marshals - is the team of officials appointed to each Marshal Post around the circuit to give flag signals to the drivers while they are on the track.

team 6 - scrutineers - is made up of Scrutineers whose duty is to check all cars for safety and eligibility at the beginning of the Meeting (and at other times if required), to examine any cars involved in accidents prior to being permitted to return to the track. The Scrutineers work from the Support Paddocks, the Scrutineering Bay, and the Pit Lane as appropriate.

team 7 - grid/ Pit lane Marshals - are the marshals who set up the starting grid before each race, and control vehicles and people in Pit Lane during

relaying messages to and from the Clerk of the Course.

8. officials teams

The officials that make up the sporting organisation of the Meeting are divided into a number of teams; each team has a role to play and its own hierarchy of authority within the team. In total, these teams involve up to six hundred officials at the event.

The individual teams are listed below. The name of the team is used when instructions are being issued, for sign-on purposes and for the collection of equipment, credentials and uniforms.

team 1 - race Control - includes all officials working from Race Control and also those who are in direct contact with Race Control.

team 2 - race administration - covers the Secretary of the Meeting’s assistants, and others specifically involved in the administration of the racing and the race organization including Marshal Services.

Race Administration also covers Equipment and Services - the team that handles the supply of equipment to the various locations around the track and anything that needs to be done, but which isn’t part of someone else’s job.

responsible for the provision of all medical services and responses at the circuit.

The track is divided up into a number of Sectors, each under the control of a Post Chief. In each sector will be the area of track controlled by a Marshal Post. The Post Chiefs will act as an Assistant to the Clerk of the Course, responsible to the Clerk of the Course for the readiness and organization of all marshals in their sector. They will each have an Incident Officer to assist them.

Other Senior Officials include but are not limited to: Chief Pit lane Marshal - in charge

of Pit Lane, Pit Entry, and Pit Exit. Chief grid Marshal- in charge of

gridding for races. Chief Incident officer- overall

responsibility for the incident handling track marshals and specialist disciplines i.e. Fire, JCB Snatch & Rescue.

Chief support Paddock Marshal - in charge of managing the Support Paddock

Chief Flag Marshal - responsible to the Clerk of the Course for the flagging signals shown to drivers.

Chief scrutineer - responsible for the scrutiny of both F1 and Support race vehicles.

race Control officials - manning the race control radio channels and

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except where specific permission is given by a senior official.

alcohol / smoking - Officials may not drink (or be affected by) alcohol prior to events finishing each day, nor may they use any drug which is likely to affect their alertness or judgment. Officials may not smoke while on duty and trackside officials may not smoke at all while the track is closed for racing.

sign-on - Officials must sign-on and check with senior officials where they are allocated for the day and what their role will be. If leaving their designated post at any time, officials must first advise their senior official. They are on duty from sign-on until relieved each evening, regardless of weather or other circumstances. Because of this, officials must prepare themselves for all extremes of weather.

time keeping - A key factor in the success of the event is the discipline to comply with what is required of you. The actual circuit activity is detailed in the Minute by Minute schedule which is issued to each official at the start of the meeting. Keep this schedule with you at all times, and continually check a page or two ahead of what is happening so that you are aware of the next activities scheduled. You must ensure you are where you have to be, at the time you are required.

of motor sports - particularly in the Paddock, the Pits and at Trackside and where they are more likely to have direct contact with spectators and could be caught on TV, with possibility of being seen by millions of people.

There are some basic rules that all officials must abide by so that we have an orderly, safe and well-controlled team. Failure to follow these basic rules may result in a change of duties or in serious cases, the removal of “official credentials” for the Meeting.

Cameras - Officials must not carry cameras while on duty, and may not take photographs unless given permission by their senior officials. Officials on the Grid and in the Pit Lane must NOT take still or moving pictures at any time.

autographs/ Photo opportunities - Officials while on duty may not seek autographs or photo opportunities from competitors, nor take work-breaks waiting outside the F1 GP paddock in the hope of seeing competitors. The appearance of officials must be professional at all times, and they must remain focused on their duties, whether they are trackside, in Pit Lane or in the Paddocks

Mobile Phones/ radios - Phones and private radios must not be switched on or used while an official is on duty,

every competitor during all qualifying sessions and races, and to produce the printed results of each race.

9. rules and behavior expected ofall Marshals

Marshals hold great responsibility and are expected to follow high standards in respect to their conduct and professionalism. To this end it is important that all Marshals make the effort to follow the basic rules for all officials as set out below.

9.1 Marshal’s Code of ethics

Place safety and welfare above all else.

Accept responsibility for all actions taken.

Be impartial. Avoid any situation that may lead to

a conflict of interest. Be courteous, respectful and open

to interaction. Seek continual self improvement

through training, performance appraisal and regular updating of competencies.

Be positive role models in behavior and personal appearance.

Maintain an equal opportunity and harassment free sport practice.

9.2. basic rules for all officials

Marshals are one of the public faces

team 12 - boundary riders - is the team of Motorcycle Riders whose primary role to return stranded drivers back to the paddock area, but they are available to assist Race Control with a wide range of other duties that require mobility.

team 13 - start / Finish - are the marshals involved in the start and finish of races.

team 14 - recovery - are the trailer teams and their assistants, whose job it is to recover the “dead vehicles” from around the circuit as soon as possible, and return them to the Paddock, or Scrutineering Bay as appropriate.

team 15 - safety / Course Car -consist of the drivers and observers in the safety and course cars.

team 16 - Communications / PostChief - comprises some of the Race Control staff and all the Post Chief around the track. The team’s task is to observe all happenings around the circuit and report them to Race Control.

Certain other teams are, or may be outsourced to specialist third parties. This includes the group of timekeepers working from the timing tower above Race Control, overlooking the Start /Finish line. Their task is to record the time taken for every lap of

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to carry out your duties because of personal limitations or because of ill-health, report to your senior official or to Secretary of the Meeting.

hazards - They should also report any hazards around the circuit which they believe result in risks to the personnel and the event-

health & safety (h&s) -Officials must abide by the event H&S Policies, which are drawn up to protect the interests of all persons attending the Meeting. Injury and Medical Problems - Officials injured or suspected of being injured or suffering a medical problem which may affect their ability to perform their duties during the Event must report to the Medical Team as soon as possible. Medical conditions not reported and recorded during the Event may not be covered by the insurance provided by the organizers.

10. Personal equipment

Motor racing is about competition between competitors in whatever conditions exist at the time. It rarely stops because of weather and consequently we have to be prepared to continue our roles in spite of the conditions we face. You should be prepared for the worst case and remember you can always take off an extra layer of clothing if you are too hot.

areas of duty for the day. This area may be a Sector, the Timing Room, the Scrutineering Bay, or other. It is here that the individual Senior Officials take control and brief their team with details of their specific duties and working procedures, and de-brief them at the end of each day. The Senior Officials then meet each night to discuss the day’s problems and to collect any information for the following day. Unless instructed otherwise, the Medical Team will have a separate briefing at the Medical Centre each morning.

Officials must attend all briefings specified for them, unless authorized otherwise by their senior officials. They must accept and follow all instructions given to them at these briefings and also those issued at other times by Senior Officials of the Meeting. If you miss a briefing, report to your senior official for details before moving to your post or proceeding with your duties. Do not vary any of your instructions unless required to by your senior officials, or by Race Control.

Injuries and III health - Officials must immediately report any injuries or illnesses they have suffered which may affect their ability to fill their duties either through their senior marshals, or direct to the Medical team so that the injury is identified, checked, and recorded. If at any time you are unable

be alert and do not get distracted - At all times, officials must be alert and facing the race traffic in order to anticipate incidents and avoid debris and other dangers which may not be contained by the barriers. Scanners and giant TV screens can be a distraction and must be used or watched with great caution.

danger - Officials must remain alert to assist and protect themselves, then their fellow marshals, then competitors and others from danger. All officials have a Duty of Care to do this at all time.

Incidents - Do NOT ask competitors involved in incidents for autographs and/or photo opportunities as this may aggravate an already distressed individual, particularly if the incident involves contact. It also looks unprofessional to the public. Do not discuss the incident with the driver or the public as this may affect potential evidence should you be required to attend a stewards hearing.Under no circumstances should any statements or opinions regarding any incident be offered to television or the press.

briefings - Each morning, all officials (except for the Medical Team) will gather at the Officials’ Muster Tent for a general briefing, following which they then proceed to their individual

Uniforms - Uniforms must be worn as supplied at all times and Tabards, which are issued at the event. The uniform remains the property of the promoter. Overalls must be handed in at the end of racing on Sunday.

You are required to be impartial so clothing, including caps, must not include the insignia of any of the teams racing at the event.

Credentials - Passes/Tabards must be worn at all times. Take care not to lose these as replacements are not available and under no circumstances must they be lent or given to anyone else.

safety barriers - Officials must remain behind the safety barriers at the all times while the track is secured for competition, unless they are directly involved in emergency work, in which case they should be exposed for the minimum time necessary to complete the task. Even whilst behind the barriers, officials must be alert for potential movement of the barriers when hit, and the potential for debris to travel over or through the mesh debris fence panels during an incident.

sitting down when track is “live” - While the track is “Live” (closed for racing) all persons must stand up, remain alert and face oncoming traffic unless a specific duty requires otherwise.

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11. Marshals / officials safety

Marshals are there by their own choice and must bear responsibility for their own welfare and that of those around them. The prime consideration must be to protect themselves from danger, then their fellow marshals, then the drivers and others in trouble.The following information applies to all officials at this event and will help Marshals participate safely.

The Clerk of Course is the senior operations official. Most instructions will come from Race Control with his authority, or from senior officials who have been so authorized within their area of expertise.

11.1. Marshals / officials Codeof safety

The following points must be constantly adhered to throughout the course of the event, to ensure the highest possible safety for the marshals at the event. Remain behind at least one barrier

of protection. Unless your specific duty requires it (i.e. flag marshals while flagging) do not station yourself less than 1 meter from the approach side of any gaps in the debris fencing if they are present, or the primary protection barrier (including the crawl spaces in debris fencing) nor behind any such

10.2. Wet Weather

The Progressive responsive steps the organization must consider are: When such weather is expected

in the next hour or so, marshals should be warned directly and over radio, to put on water/wind proof clothing and protect equipment and belongings on the ground.

They should be warned again as weather closes in.

All marshals should monitor their team-mates and to report recognised problems, or to seek opinion from local medical team members.

Prepare medical centre and marshals muster area for influx of wet marshals. Organize transport able to reach marshal posts and return affected marshals to medical centre initially for evaluation, then to muster area if that is considered appropriate by the medical team.

Arrange medical team to receive and treat marshals as they are brought in, and have one medical team member proceed to muster area to monitor requirements there. Have other sympathetic’ marshals attend the muster area as well.

Investigate additional available clothing such as overalls to replace wet clothes.

Monitor accurately the number of marshals brought in, and keep close check on remaining marshals - their number and condition.

sunscreen, sunglasses, goggles/safety glasses (sand and dust).

Rotation of officials e.g. changing of tasks at point where possible and practical without causing disruption to the event.

Removal of personal protective equipment (balaclavas, heavy protective clothing etc) when appropriate at events e.g. between races.

Wearing of loose clothes may be beneficial.

If you feel the onset of sunstroke you should seek medical assistance

Keep arms and legs covered at all times.

Wear thick gloves and carry or have access to spare pairs. Wet gloves can cause scalding injuries if handling hot exhausts etc.

Strong hiking, or work boots are recommended. It is often easier to kick debris off the track than to pick it up. Trainers provide little or no protection and should be avoided.

Hats/Caps should be worn for protection from the sun in hot weather and to limit heat loss in cold weather.

Waterproof clothing should be available if there is any risk of rain.

Choose colors that will not be confused with signaling flags.

Some of the equipment will be provided by the Organizers. The following items would normally be necessary.

10.1 Clothing & general Comfort

If possible wear natural fibres (Cotton and Wool) – Particularly next to the skin. Man made fibres can melt, even under protective overalls – causing nasty burns.

Remember that you are on duty for long sessions and the following suggestions, based on experience, will assist your comfort and well being and reduce the onset and effects of heat and /or other climatic influences. Provision of rest breaks. Provision of adequate supplies of

cool drinking water, prior to, during and after the event. It is suggested that the consumption of 100-200ml of water at frequent intervals is of benefit. Dehydration is a major threat and once the symptoms are recognised, it is usually too late to counteract by simply drinking water. Therefore, be aware and keep drinking small amounts throughout your duty time.

Provision of food. Always take a reasonable supply of your own, in case the “organised” arrangements should fail to materialise!

Provision of shade. Provision of suitable personal

protection equipment e.g. ear plugs,

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open trackWhen a session has concluded, the Course Car will proceed on an opening lap with green lights flashing, thus opening the track. When the Course Car has passed your position officials may relax and move about behind and in front of the barriers, but ensure that some marshals at the post remain alert and watchful and be ready to come to attention immediately, if circumstances change.

Photographers may cross an Open Track but only under your direction.Between practice sessions and races the track must be checked for any debris left on circuit and, if necessary cleaned up by picking up or sweeping. Get every available official to help and, if any problems are found that you cannot rectify, report them to the Post Chief.

Track Marshals must also assist the Recovery Team with their work in recovering stranded vehicles by pushing them to the track edge.

general PointsIf the Course Car lights are not functioning, red or green flags may be displayed on the car instead, these having the same meaning as lights of the same colour.

Post Chief’s must remain on the Radio loop all times, and warning flags

Do not leave bags and equipment where they may delay your escape by blocking an escape route or by causing falls.

11.3. “Closed” and “open” tracks

The Course Car is used between each session to indicate which state of readiness the track must be in before each practice, qualifying, warm-up and race.

Closed trackThe Course Car will do a track-closing lap, displaying red flags or red lights on its roof to indicate that the track must be prepared as if for racing.

While the track is closed all marshals and medical staff must be standing and alert behind barriers, ready to respond to an incident or an instruction from Race Control. This applies to ALL trackside personnel marshals, medical team, and emergency vehicles and their crews. In addition, no smoking or the use of mobile phones or cameras by marshals is allowed while the track is closed.

When the track is closed, control at all times is the same as if racing was proceeding. No one may cross a “closed” track or be in front of the barriers unless their duties require it or they have been specially instructed to move in front of the barriers by Race Control.

Do not move in front of barriers unless an incident dictates or instructed to so do.

11.2. safety briefing and siteInduction applicable to all Marshals

When first arriving at your post for the day, check the general area and equipment. Report any problems, apparent danger, or shortages to Race Control or the responsible officials. Read and understand the instructions on equipment such as fire extinguishers.

With or without a Post Chief or Senior Marshal to take charge, have a meeting with other marshals at your post. At this meeting, you should: Discuss the experience and duties

of each marshal, and also their general location during events - giving thought to the need for all marshals to be protected by the safety barriers and debris fences where appropriate.

Discuss the location of equipment such as fire extinguishers which should be placed where visible and available to others but not in anyone’s way.

Plan escape routes in conjunction with the other marshals and discuss warnings to be given to each other if necessary - whistles or hand signals.

gaps, nor in any position less than twelve meters from the departure side of any such unprotected gaps in the protective barriers.

Marshals who are injured or suffering any health disorder, must report to a medic since their ability to perform their responsibilities may be affected.

Do not lean on guardrail, concrete blocks, or debris fences - they are designed to move when hit by competing vehicle.

At all times, stand up, remain alert and face oncoming traffic unless your specific duty requires otherwise. Do not crowd into any narrow part of the Marshal Zone.

Be prepared for any situation that may arise, even on warm up or slow down laps. Be prepared for fast moving traffic of any nature, at all times. Flag Marshals should use flag signals if necessary for all vehicles, not just those which are racing at the time.

Have in place an escape Plan. Do not be distracted by the giant

TV screens these can take your focus off your immediate area of responsibility.

Remember to take care of yourself, then your fellow marshals, then the competitors, then any others in trouble.

Work as a team. Follow instructions of the senior

officials.

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Do not stand close to any stopped vehicle during racing, even if behind or on top of barriers because of chance of debris if the stopped vehicle is hit by another vehicle

Check with senior officials or specialists at the incident scene in case they need your assistance.

Assist with moving/pushing the vehicle to a place of safety, as directed by the Incident Officer or Post Chief.

Remain exposed for the minimum time necessary to complete your task then get back behind the barriers (except for fire marshals who may need to stay with a stopped vehicle in case of fire) - when returning from an incident, ensure that one of the team has full view of race traffic.

11.6. Marshal Zone safetyProcedures

Tabards must be worn by all persons in the Marshal Zone. Persons with tabards must also have a reason to be in the marshal zone - the tabard alone is not enough. Only a senior marshal may authorize a non-tabard person to be there, and then it must be for a particular and acceptable reason.

Persons must not congregate in such a manner that access along the marshal zone is unduly restricted, nor should equipment

by moving away or dropping below barriers as time and circumstances permit neVer tUrn AWAY FrOM An InCIDent (it may follow you). Be prepared to use pre-planned escape routes. Warn your fellow marshals. Do not move in front of barriers unless instructed to do so by your senior marshal, or unless your duties require you to do so.

If it is necessary to move in front of barriers: Check that the appropriate flag

signals are being shown for your protection.

Double check that there is a need for you move in front of the barriers.

Take care when climbing or getting down from barriers.

Check the movement of marshals and vehicles around you, and ensure that all the likely equipment is being carried to the incident - fire extinguishers, strops or slings;

Try to approach any incident with the oncoming traffic in front of you at all times.

Be aware that dust, smoke or extinguisher clouds can prevent you from seeing oncoming traffic, and also prevent them from seeing you.

Where possible keep a stopped vehicle between you and oncoming traffic (but do not stop between a stopped vehicle and close-by barriers).

All persons in the pit lane must have the correct credentials for the area, and if remaining in pit lane they must stand as close to the garage wall as is possible, and in a position where they can see any oncoming traffic. When a car is making a pit stop, all personnel must keep clear of the car and the working crew, and be aware that the car may be driven quickly out of the bay at any time. Do not interfere with any car or equipment in the pit lane. While watching a stopped car at any time, watch must continue to be kept for other cars at the same time. When moving along the pit lane, try to keep eyes and ears open for approaching vehicles, and move out of the pit lane as soon as possible. do not stand or walk in the fast lane which is the marked lane closest to the race track. This is reserved for moving vehicles.

Only officials and working pit crew members are permitted on the signaling platform (Pit Wall).

Officials will endeavor to assist you while in the pit lane, and you must take notice of their warnings and instructions.

11.5. When an Incident happens inYour Vicinity

If an incident occurs in your vicinity, protect yourself from flying debris

should still be used, when the track is “Open”, to warn vehicles of a danger ahead - perhaps marshals sweeping the track, or a stopped vehicle being recovered

demonstrations and ParadesDemonstrations are non-competitive displays of vehicles on the track, where the track is closed and where the speed is usually close to competition speed, and this may or may not be controlled by a course car setting the pace. Drivers must be attired as if for racing and passengers are not normally permitted.

A Parade is a display of vehicles at a tightly controlled speed, and usually on an open track and led by a Course Car. Passengers may be permitted and drivers are not usually required to wear helmets and racing attire.

11.4. safety in Pit lane

The pit lane is a part of the racing area and must be treated as such at all times.

During competition (which includes all practice sessions) competitors may drive into pit lane for service and out again onto the race track. At such times, the competitors have right of way and all other personnel must keep out of their way.

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are reported to the Race Organization so that we can respond properly.

In simple terms, if you are aware of anything that could create a problem for anyone at some stage, discuss it with other marshals, report it to your senior marshal, and let us see what can be done to remove the risk.

11.8. barrier gaps in First lineof Protection

The first line of protection is, in most places, Tec-Pro safety barrier. This then has a secondary barrier of Armco with an off-set debris fence. The first and second line of protection is designed to move a short distance if hit solidly by a crashing car. All access gaps will be easily identified to those on the track by fluorescent orange panels, either painted on the Armoc ends at the gap, or by an orange panel attached to the debris fence, near the hole in the debris fence.

signaling spotFlag marshal posts - are dedicated units allowing for the Flag marshals to operate in a safe inviroment. These posts are positioned behind the debrie fencing or at some locations positioned behind a dedicated safety fence

signaling holeFlag marshal post - dedicated, reinforced holes in the debris fence

All trackside incidents are reported to Race Control using the communication systems, with all incidents of any type involving injury, contact between vehicles or vehicles & people or barriers, or of a rule infringement nature being required to be the subject of an Incident Report (written).

More attention is paid to Risk Management these days. This is simply the practice of identifying hazards and the resultant risks, assessing them, and then minimizing or removing the risk. Report any risks you identify (preferably in writing, using a Hazard Report Form, copies of which all Senior Officials will have) around the circuit - it may be pre-existing (such as a stake in the ground). It may be created by an incident, such as oil being left on the ground - the response is then to warn the drivers, remove the oil if possible and notify Race Control if there is a problem.

Another risk to be considered is to your own health and ability to respond. If you are injured or become unwell at any time and may not be able to continue your duties, notify your senior marshals then report to one of the medical team for guidance. Do not struggle through the day and put yourself, your fellow marshals, and the drivers at any further risk. Some injuries require reporting or further procedures, so it is important that all

process. If the Course Car passes with red lights flashing, the workers must immediately leave the area. If a problem exists at this time, they must still leave the area and inform the nearest senior official about the problem.

Photographers (or any other person) may only cross the track with permission from marshals, and then, ONLY when the track is “Open” (not closed for racing).

All marshals must keep an eye on the spectator fences in case of collapse or weak areas which could allow spectator access into the Marshal Zone at any time.

11.7. safety, risk Management andhealth & safety

Safety, Risk Management & and Health & Safety are not just “catchwords”. On event they are integral to our work and each of us must continually focus on the need to maintain a safe environment for all of us to work in - we must all work at minimizing any risks that exist or are inherent in motor sport and do what we can to ensure that we all enjoy our sport without incident or injury. The race track is now considered a “workplace” by the authorities and there are active H&S policy and procedures to evaluate and manage any hazards that are identified. All injuries must be reported to the Medical Team.

or personal gear be placed where it restricts movement along the zone.

Unless a specific duty requires it (i.e. flag marshals while flagging or photographer while working) no person should be stationed less than 1 meter from any secondary block or between any primary and secondary block (where access gaps are built into the barriers). The barriers are designed to move if hit.

While in the Marshal Zone, no person should be in a position that interferes with the marshal’s ability to carry out their duties. They must face the oncoming traffic in order to anticipate an accident or debris which may pass through or over the barriers, and they must stay back from barrier blocks or guardrail which may move if hit solidly. No person should stand where they are not protected by a debris fence or barrier; unless their specific duty required them to be away from such barrier for any period of time e.g. fire marshal responding to a fire.

On occasion, personnel other than marshals may need to move onto an open track to carry out certain works. Even on an open track, they should stay there for the minimum time required for the work, then leave. At such times, they must remain aware that other traffic will be on the track and non-race activities may be in

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Flag displayed at Marshals Posts(see also 19.2)

red FlagThis flag will be waved at all flag posts (on instruction from Race Control) when a practice / qualifying session or race has been stopped because of some emergency or technical issue. Drivers are not permitted to overtake after passing a red flag, and must proceed slowly back to the grid or Marshalling Area as directed.

the red flag should only be shown at marshals’ post if:1. If the flag marshals have seen it at

a previous post. 2. If the flag marshals have seen the

circuit red lights go on.3. If the flag marshals have seen it at

a following post.4. On the direct instructions of Race

Control.

Yellow FlagSingle waved: Means slow down. Do not overtake. Be prepared to change direction or follow an unusual line. There is a hazard beside or partially on the track.Double Waved: Means Slow down and take extra care. Do not overtake. Be prepared to change direction or stop. The track is wholly or partially blocked.

The post following the incident will display a green flag to show that the

If an unauthorized person enters the Marshal Zone, action must be taken immediately to remove that person and have further action taken by security officer or police if appropriate. Unauthorized persons can be easily identified by the lack of any tabard being worn. These tabards are issued to all persons requiring access to the prohibited areas, and can be identified from a distance away. The tabard alone is not automatically proof that the wearer should be in the area, but it is a good start. The purpose of the wearer being there should also be ascertained, usually by observation, and at times by direct questioning. Any problem should be referred to Race Control or to the nearest security officer. If an unauthorized person attempts to move through the Marshal Zone onto the track, all effort must be made to prevent this for the safety of the intruder. Race Control must be notified at the same time and they will take appropriate action if local action is not successful. Track invasion at the end of the race is always an undesirable threat. The best protection we have if such an action is threatened, is to convince the “invaders” to wait until the Course Car has passed, so that the track is no longer closed for competition.

fence panel is located 1.3 m behind the primary barrier. The departure side at each panel is blocked with a debris fence panel connecting the front and rear panels. Access to the cages will be possible only from the approach side. These are designed for photographers (TV use similar) to use. No other person should be in the cage (between the blocks or within 1 meter of, the secondary block).

A 3 meter offset gap in the first line of protection to allow access either way for vehicles. No person should remain within 1 meter of any part of such a gap, unless in a vehicle waiting to move onto the track.

11.9. track Invasion – during trackactivities

A track invasion by an unauthorized person or persons is possible at all times, usually in order to gain notoriety or publicity for a cause. Marshals must continuously be on the alert for such action, and be prepared to take appropriate action if at all possible.

The best protection we have is to prevent unauthorized access to the Marshal Zone. All trackside marshals must be on the alert for this, as should be the security officers whose duties will include protection of the prohibited areas.

below which are triple row guardrail panels. The blue flag marshal should be working through the hole and the yellow flag marshal ready to signal through the hole if necessary. The Incident Officer should be back, behind and protected by the debris fence.

access gapEscape or access gaps in fence line, made up by offsetting concrete blocks, linked together by an intermediary device which joins the end of a concrete blocks to the middle of the next one, providing an overlap and maintaining the integrity of the primary barrier. The Barriers are secured by normal block pins. Climbable fences should always be climbed by facing the fence and ensuring a good foot “grip”.

A debris fence panel with a reinforced hole measuring approximately 2500mm wide and 400mm high at the bottom of the panel, constructed with an integral, reinforced cage behind it. Access to the cage is possible only from the approach side. No person may be stationed in the cage, or within 1 meter of it. Persons using the cage to exit the track must then exit the cage immediately.

Photographer PanelDebris fence panel with three reinforced holes in the debris fence and approximately 2500 mm high x 500mm wide. A second block & debris

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Flags shown at thestart / Finish line

black and White diagonal FlagShown with the car’s number to show a driver his driving standards are being observed, and maybe guilty of unsportsmanlike conduct or trying to gain an unfair advantage.

black Flag with an orange discThe black flag with an orange disc is also displayed with the driver’s number and indicates some sort of mechanical problem which the driver may not be aware of, such as loose bodywork. The car should call in to the pits on the next lap for repairs. Open doors, hatchbacks and petrol leaks are typical reasons for displaying this flag.

black FlagShown with a driver’s number, indicates the driver must pull in to the pits at the end of the next lap. A driver may be black flagged if he has failed to improve his driving standards after being shown the black and white flag, if he has incurred a stop/go penalty for a jumped start or illegal overtaking maneuver.

Chequered Flag Indicates the end of a practice session, qualifying or a race.

digiflagThe Digiflag System is an electronic

The flag should be waved while the vehicle is in your sector (the area between your post and the next flag post) and held stationary while the vehicle is in the next sector (the area between the two following flag posts).

The white flag will be replaced with the appropriate yellow flag signal if the vehicle stops.

green FlagThe Green Flag is waved at flag posts to indicate the end of a yellow-flag section of the track, to indicate the start of sessions on the track, and at each post during the first lap following a Safety Car period.

red and Yellow striped FlagThe red and yellow striped flag is the slippery surface flag. It is sometimes called the “oil flag”.

Drivers take more notice of this flag than any other, but while it can be used to indicate limited amounts of gravel and dirt as well as oil and water.A yellow flag should be used to indicate debris, which presents a danger (body work and exhaust pipes are typical examples where a yellow and not a red and yellow flag should be used).

lapped and which should give way at the earliest opportunity. Failing to yield when a blue flag is waved can incur a penalty.

At Pit Lane exit - a blue flag and a blue light will be displayed when a car is leaving the pits and likely to be passed by a car on the track, travelling at racing speed.

Race Control may also call for blue flags to be shown in other circumstances. It should be noted that in many races, there may be no blue flags displayed at all.

The skill of remembering which are the fast and the slow cars, who is at the front and who is at the back and the ability to judge when overtaking is about to take place - can take some time to acquire. Shape and colour are usually easier to remember and recognize than competitor numbers. Helmet colors may also help. Try to identify some visual key - particularly for the vehicles at the back, When it comes to overtaking, it is the back markers who will come into view first and the speed differential will show you whether they are about to be overwhelmed. White FlagThe white flag indicates a slow moving competitor or a course car - rescue vehicle, fire tender and the like - is ahead.

track is clear and free to continue racing.

After passing any yellow flag/s drivers must not overtake until they have passed a green flag marking the end of the danger zone. Any infringements should be reported to your observer, who will need to know: The numbers of both cars involved Where the overtaking occurred

(location, between which posts) Who overtook who - and on

which side. The time it happened.

The yellow flag is also waved during a Safety Car period (along with SC boards being shown).

Marshals must ensure that only the appropriate signal is given. Under no circumstances should they exaggerate a danger. Drivers must have complete confidence in the signaling and must then respect it.

blue FlagThe blue flag is the most difficult to get right and relies heavily on the flag marshal’s interpretation. It is used differently during practice and racing. During Practice/Qualifying - waved; Indicates to a driver that they are being caught or about to be passed. During the race – waved; this is normally displayed to a car about to be

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Calls between users on the ground should be arranged through Race Control, and then only to transmit information necessary for the proper running of the event.

Once you press the transmit button, no one can interrupt you or use the system. You must therefore be brief and to the point. Include only such information as is necessary to get your message across and to allow the receiver of the message to take the appropriate action.

Collect your radio each morning at the Radio Communications office before the general briefing, and return it each night to the Radio Issue Area or to the Medical Centre (if part of the Medical team) before the seniors debriefing. Report any problems with the unit when you return it.

Check the “Minute X Minute Schedule” each morning for the time from which your channel should be monitored. If you are tied up with briefings etc. at that time, or at any other time when you should be monitoring the radio, give it to another marshal who must then remain with you while she/he has the equipment.

Be careful not to inadvertently have your button pressed down by Clothes or other gear - this can disrupt the whole communication network.

The system maintains a record of all flag operations (flag, date, time, Post) and who carried out the operations (Marshal or Clerk of the Course etc).

starting lightsThe signal to start is indicated by all the red lights over the Start Line being switched off, the time lapse between switching on the red lights to extinguishing them is 3 to 5 seconds.

12. radio Communication12.1 general

The radio channels and issue of such are designed to have all marshals within “shouting distance” from Race Control instructions. No marshal should be further than 50 meters away from a senior marshal with radio contact with Race Control. This provides us with the ability to have all marshals alerted or instructed within seconds of an order being issued. Likewise, observations or warnings from marshals in the field can be transmitted to Race Control within seconds.

All radio channels at race circuits combine a number of officials, or positions, on the one network. If we are to use these channels properly and they are to serve their function properly we must all remember that radio is strictly a one at-a-time system and will only serve its full purpose if proper discipline is used at all times.

the Marshals Control boxThe Marshals Control Box permits the Flag Marshal to pick the flag, which is to be exhibited at their post. The panel also shows what flags are being exhibited at the previous and following posts.

Both the Safety Car and Red Flag signals are operated from the Race Control. The buttons for these functions are only operational should there be a fault in the connection with the Race Control server.

The Reset button is used to cancel flags. A special button on the base of the box enables the speed of flashing of the panel to be increased so as to alert the driver on the sense of urgency.

race ControlScreens at Race Control show the positions of the DigiFlag panels and the flags being exhibited at each position. Some actions will be performed automatically. For instance if a Marshal chooses the Double waved Yellow Flag, the system will introduce a single waved flag at the previous Post and a Green flag at the following post. If a Yellow Flag is shown at a Post with a Mirror, the same flag will be automatically shown at the mirror point.

The black flags are operated by Race Control. The car number can be entered by keying it into the computer.

flagging system. It is likely that the DigiFlag will be the secondary flag system. This fact needs to be checked prior to the race. The manual Flag Marshals must replicate the flags being shown by the DigiFlag system. There may be some instances, most likely at those posts which are combined Control and Mirror posts, where a manual yellow flag may be used rather than the DigiFlag.

the digital PanelDigiflag Panels will be mounted at each Flag Post and at the Start and Finish Line. The DigiFlag panel consists of LEDs mounted on a black edged panel. The panel is lit on both sides and is hinged so that it will rotate if impacted, thus reducing damage. It can also be folded back to avoid being hit during track maintenance.

The Digiflag panel will also incorporate the letters “SC”, which will be illuminated should the Safety Car be called on track. There are special panels at the start/ finish line to represent the three black flags.

The brightness of the panels can be adjusted to be brighter in daylight or where there is reduced visibility.

All Digiflags are controlled at the marshals post, although Race Control can override the system is required.

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reasonable time for a response, and then transmit a second time.

Message When identifying yourself or others, do not abbreviate your call sign

If anything is not understood, request a repeat of the message - a misunderstood message can be dangerous.

Be calm, brief and to the point. Do not waste words or make conversation. Some guidelines are as follows: Use numbers for car identification,

NOT competitor’s names, except if the message relates directly to a competitor.

Give a clear, precise description of the incident circumstances, remembering that Race Control must make the appropriate responses on your information alone. Describe positions accurately e.g. “100 m. before the apex of Turn 11, on driver’s right”

Advise what services may be needed e.g. Fire, Medical, etc.

Ambulances are sent by Race Control for the transport of casualties, and not as a response for medical assistance. Do not call for an ambulance - Call for Medical or Rescue.

At all times, keep Race Control informed about the progress of all emergency responses and activity in concise, clear messages.

Be prepared to reposition to improve reception.

Calling InPress button wait for a second before speaking.

In the case of individuals as well as vehicles, radio users should use their official title or call-sign e.g. Chief Pit, Medic 1, Yankee Mike One Three or Papa two (post 2) etc. All radio users must use their designated call sign at all times during any communication traffic.

Boundary riders should use their call-sign followed by their location E.g. “Boundary Rider two at Turn 7 outside”.

Identify the intended recipient (usually Race Control) first, and then identify yourself. Wait for an acknowledgment before continuing

“Base, this is ___”. After Race Control has acknowledged your Call and indicated to you should proceed with your message. In this way, you have alerted the receiver of the message, identified yourself, and been assured that the recipient is ready to receive the message. If asked to “Hold” or “Wait One” be patient - other things may be going on that you are not aware of. Allow a

do not change channel:

one to one Call: All the above functions will be in final guide with specific information.

12.3 radio Communication Channels

The main radio communication channels used by Race Control will be advised separately with specific instructions for the event.

12.4 Using the radio

PreparationWhen about to transmit, hesitate for a second and collect your thoughts before calling.

Listen, then when the channel is clear, press the button, hesitate again for a second, then make the call. Use a clear, normal voice, with the microphone close to your lips. If reception is bad, try moving a meter or two, or away from buildings and fences.

With respect to reporting reception levels, judge the standard of reception and respond accordingly. Don’t say “loud and clear” simply because that is what you always say. The system of reporting signal strength and clarity on a scale of one to five may be better. “Reading you five by five” or “Reading you fives” is the equivalent of loud and clear. Adjust the numbers accordingly.

Protect the radio from rain by placing under waterproof gear if possible.

Use a nearby radio or phone to report battery problems. Spares will be available.

Except in unusual circumstances, the initial reporting of incidents is handled by the Incident Officer at the Control Posts. These reports should not be made over other channels, unless in the most unusual circumstances, or by prior arrangement with Race Control.

12.2 radios The radios used at events vary and instructions relating to the use of the specific equipment and system will be made known by the Organiser, to all who require it. All officials must pick up their handset from the “Radio Communications office” at the time of the first sign on. At the end of each day the Radio is to be returned to the “Radio Communications office” for overnight charging. The Radio can then be collected on sign on for the next day. It is important that this procedure is followed so as to avoid any radios failing due to no battery power.

attaching the headphone:

to turn on:

to adjust volume:

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12.6 sample CommunicationProcedures

IncidentCars 4 and 12 collide at entry to turn 3. Car 4 spins to right and stops: Car 12 leaves track to left and hits barrier. Flames can be seen.

Communication

Post 6“Base, this is Papa six”.

base“Go ahead Papa six”.

Post 6“Cars four and one-two have collided, car one-two has hit the barrier and is on fire. We require a fire unit on drivers’ left at Turn 3 – driver is not moving, can I have a Medic car on stand-by”. base“Papa six, confirm you require Fire Unit at Turn 3 on driver’s left”.

Post 6“Affirmative, Fire Unit required”.

base“Papa six, do you require medical assistance (Race Control dispatches a Fire Unit, and places an intervention vehicle on standby”.)

the radio alphabet and numbers

letter Pronunciation

A AlphaB BravoC CharlieD DeltaE EchoF FoxtrotG GulfH HotelI IndiaJ JulietK KiloL LimaM MikeN NovemberO OscarP PapaQ QuebecR RomeoS SierraT TangoU UniformV VictorW WhiskeyX X-RayY YankeeZ Zulu

Please see appendix 8radio Call signs

12.5 other radio terms

AffirmativePronounced A - ffirmative NegativeNo Understood Understand your message. AcknowledgeI understand your message RelevantUsed to break into a communication when you have information relevant to what is being said.Go AheadPermission granted to speak (usually preceded by a call sign).Send or Pass Your MessagePermission to pass on message Go Again, Repeat Repeat message OverI have finished what I have to say, but you may want to come back to me. Out..This conversation is ended Over and OutIs wrong. Don’t use it.All Radio transmissions MUST be controlled and go through Race Control (Base) and furthermore in the event of an incident all vehicle based systems i.e. Rescue or Medical intervention cars must confirm their arrival at the scene.

Advise whether the competitor appears to be OK, or if you think, in need of further attention.

The Post Chief or Flag marshal will confirm what flags are being shown during incident, and when the track has returned to normal. Where as the Incident Officer will advise Race Control of more in-depth incident & driver information.

Calls from race ControlIf Race Control wishes to speak to you, they will call: “Base to .............. “, and your answer should be “Go Ahead Base. this is Post x or Call sign”. Listen clearly to questions asked and provide information requested.

Follow upRace Control will usually ask for a written report if required - in general they are needed for vehicle to vehicle, barrier, or person incidents, where rule infringement has occurred, and where further risks remain because of the incident.

Judge the situation and to gain priority over other callers precede your call sign with one of the following:

PrIorItYA savvier incident which may have the potential or a Life or death situation

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1. Identification (call-sign) or Track Location Post of caller.

2. Type & brief details of Incident. Car/s number/s - Spin / spin and

resumed / stop and stop. Leaking fuel/oil/water. Car ran wide / kerb hopping /

repeated kerb hopping. Car smoking Car slow or stopped. Car in a safe position behind

barriers or not / track blocked or partially blocked.

Severity of impact –light / medium or hard.

Location of car. Driver’s left or right. Driver condition (or Officials,

Spectators). Response required of Race Control

- Medical I Fire. Tow requirements - Flat or lift.

3. Track or barrier condition before, then following incident.

Debris. Oil. Deterioration of track surface. Damaged fencing. Flag signals shown to drivers

4. Driver Conduct- unsafe or reckless, dangerous re-entry.

5. Breach of racing rules- e.g. Passing under yellow flags.

6. Equipment Checks - missing or replacements - e.g. extinguishers.

7. Housekeeping - drinks, lunches, flat batteries, pit stops.

If hazards or risks remain after an accident, mention this in the report, and include any action you have taken to check on or remove the risk. This can include oil or dirt on the track, damaged fencing or signs, empty fire extinguisher. If checked & all clear, say so. This can be written on the back of the form if more space is needed.

Written reports should be made (following a verbal report) using an Incident Report Form whenever there is car-to-car, car-to-barrier, or car-to-person contact, where a person is possibly injured, where rules are broken, or where Race Control requests it. Written reports must include time of incident, a diagram if relevant, action such as flags taken, and detail of witness/s.

A Hazard/ Engineering Report Form can be used for a written report identifying a hazard or risk to Race Control if the risk does not arise from an Incident.

Race Control must be told when a written report is ready for collection.

13.1 What to report

The following items are examples that should be thought about then reported if considered relevant to required action from Race Control. If not relevant, do not report.

Post 6“Fire unit has left Turn 3 and is behind barriers. All marshals are clear and in a place of safety”.

base“Thank you, Papa six - please advise if Medical is required to collect drivers following the session”.

13. Written reports

These reports, usually generated in writing by the Post Chief following an on-track incident involving a competing car, then handed to the course car between sessions. Although Race Control may require a Boundary Rider to collect an important report prior to a sessions conclusion. The report will be logged, and a dedicated incident number is assigned to the report. All reports relating to that incident are assigned the same incident number and are matched up with each other during the processing of the reports. Reports of non on-track incidents may also be generated by authorized officials, using the same Incident Report Form, and handled appropriately.

These should be written with the same approach as for verbal reports - think clearly about what you want to say, and then write it down using a minimum of words. Do not guess, or presume what caused the accident - just record what you saw happen. (Facts Only)

Post 6“Base this is Papa six”.


Post 6“Driver is out of the car and appears Kilo one-nine, Medical response not required”.

base“Fire unit is on the way, please provide update. (driver condition, barrier condition etc)

base“Thank you, Papa six, please report location of vehicles relevant to track, that requires recovery assistance.”

Post 6“Base, this is Papa six”.

base“Go ahead Papa six. Fire unit has arrived. Fire is out. Car one-two is off the track, and will require a full lift. Car 4 is close to track but considered in a safe location. Car 4 requires a straight tow”. Post 6“Base, this is Papa 6”.


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13.4 Medical reports

Medical Report written by treating medical officer on each person presenting.

Medical Reports with any injury noted are forwarded to Race Control at end of each day, or earlier if appropriate.

Medical Reports with no injury kept as separate file in Medical Centre these are passed to Secretary of the Meeting at end of Meeting for checking then to the ASN (ATCUAE) for further processing e.g. National Incident Data Base or insurance purposes and filing.

Medical Report (indicating injury) logged on Report Log, by dedicated Race Control Administration Official.

Medical Report form identified by number from Report Log, then kept in Report File.

Medical reports (on injuries) are collected and mated (where appropriate or assigned a unique ID number) with Incident a~d Technical reports at least by end of each day - combined medical/Incident/technical reports forwarded to the Secretary of the Meeting for further processing at end of Meeting, via Stewards of the Meeting.

If no Medical Team personnel present at time of presenting with injury, Secretary of the Meeting

5. Some reports may identify a hazard or potential risk*, these will be copied and logged in the Risk File Log as well (using the same format as the report Log), for separate processing as a Risk File Report in addition to processing as an Incident Report.

6. Reports requiring further information are followed up with official generating the report - using the circuit communications systems or in person.

7. Reports requiring judicial action are discussed with the Clerk of the Course. Any consequent action deemed necessary is then proceeded with by Clerk of the Course or by Race Control Administration Official.

8. Risk File reports are followed up during the event to assess management strategies and status of risk recognized. Notes are to be made on report form or attached thereto.

9. Risk File Log reviewed each evening and at end of Meeting for identification and management of similar risks in future.

10. Report File, including log, passed to Secretary of the Meeting at end of Meeting for checking, and further processing e.g. National Incident Data Base or Insurance purposes and filing. The report files are also available to the Organisers for their internal evaluation and use.

the casualty is placed in the care of the medical team who will write a Medical Report to detail the Medical Check, and the results of that test. Any Medical Report indicating injury will be mated up with the appropriate Incident Report, for further evaluation by Race Control and the Race Administration. At the same time, the involved car/s will be inspected by Scrutineers who will draw up a technical report on the vehicle/s.

Matters which are not the subject of an Incident Report almost invariably involve hazards or risks, and so we call them hazard reports. They are processed in the same manner as the Incident Reports, except that the resulting action may require them to be passed onto engineers, the promoter, or other body which is in a position to address the risk exposed.

13.3 Incident reports fromtrackside Marshals

1. Report (incident and/or technical) written on site by official.

2. Written Report transmitted to Race Control, by Boundary Rider or Course Car.

3. Report logged on Report Log, by dedicated Race Control Administration Official.

4. Report form identified by number from Report Log, and then kept in Report File.

8. Service Vehicles on closed track - tow vehicles, supply vehicles.

9. Unauthorized Personnel - spectators or photographers in dangerous locations.

10. Changes in weather conditions.11. Circuit/ track Clearances

requested by Race Control12. Radio Checks requested by Race

Control. Racing information - to receive lap

updates, leaders’ positions listen to other transmissions - From Race Control and other Posts.

13.2 types of reports

In addition to the radio channels which are used for all initial transmissions between Race Control, the system of written reports provides a “paper trail” for all matters outside the normal.

All such reports are written by whichever officials observe what is being reported, then forwarded to the Administration Office of the Secretary of the Meeting in the Support Paddock, where they are logged and processed.

The most common report is the Incident report. This will be used to detail any appropriate incident, usually where there is car to car contact, car to barrier contact, injury or potential injury, or apparent rule infringement.

Where potential injury is involved,

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Clerk of the Course to determine whether an event constitutes an Incident.

15.2.2. activated Incident

An incident which requires remedial action (beyond that normally available at the scene of the incident) including: The mobilization of Track Rescue

Personnel or medical intervention. Or which in the opinion of the Clerk

of the Course or Stewards of the Meeting, may warrant the stopping of an event. The stopping of an event is warranted if the safety of any person is unreasonably compromised because of an incident, and after the routine responses available (e.g. yellow flags, Safety Car) while the event is continued have been utilized or considered.

15.2.3 Critical Incident

An incident which results in:(a) Injury (of significance) to a

member of the public; or(b) Serious injury to any person which

is likely to cause death

15.2.4. Medical alert

An incident or situation which has not been declared a Critical Incident, but which requires the concentrated focus of the medical team on a response

emergency

15.1. Introduction

track rescue Personnel- Personnel required in the field management of an incident. Such personnel would or may include:1. Rescue and track clearance

marshals.2. Fire and Rescue marshals3. Sector, track or flag marshals4. Track side medical service

personnel.

The definition of Track Rescue Personnel does not include emergency service personnel such as Police, Fire Service, or Ambulance (except in their contractual role as a part of the Track Side Medical Service). 15.2. description & titles given toVarious levels of trackemergencies

15.2.1. Incident

An unusual or unplanned event (of significance) which:(a) Occurs as a direct result of racing

activity; or (b) Affects the safety of any person

engaged in racing activity; or (c) Exposes any deficiency in safety

procedures or facility.

It is the ultimate responsibility of the

If non-urgent, routine or intangible issues on reports are handed to Secretary of the Meeting at Senior Officials debrief each evening or collected direct from Senior Marshal by Circuit official.

Circuit log report/problem and consider priority.

Depending on priority, problem is discussed with Circuit Engineers

Solutions implemented where possible.

If no solution is able to be implemented during the meeting, issue is noted for attention in following year.

14. Closed Circuit tV (CCtV)

Race Control has a Closed Circuit TV system (CCTV) in place, with enough remote control cameras around the circuit for Race Control staff to focus on and see all areas of the track between the barriers. While not generally suitable for watching incidents unfold, CCTV permits Race Control staff to see in detail what is happening, and what is required following an incident. With this information, they can assist the trackside response personnel with advice and by sending further equipment without having to be specifically asked. It also puts them in a better position to anticipate completion of the response and subsequent restarts.

or Clerk of the Course to ensure details of person, type of injury, and time & detail of incident are entered on form. Form passed to CMO as soon as possible.

All Medical Reports are passed to the Secretary of the Meeting at the end of Meeting for further processing.

The Medical report form consists of a three page carbon copy form, one copy for the patient or ambulance if transferred to hospital, a second copy for the secretary of the meeting and the third for the circuit owners.

13.5 engineering / hazard reports

Engineering reports are generated by senior marshals for property, engineering, and facility problems.

If urgent - Reports collected by Boundary Rider or Course Marshal during day and transmitted to the Administration office of the Secretary of the Meeting. A copy is generated for the Circuit Maintenance for action.

Circuit maintenance log report/problem and consider priority.

Depending on priority, problem is discussed with Circuit Engineers.

Solutions implemented where possible.

If no solution is able to be implemented during the meeting, issue is noted for attention in following year.

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e.g. only designated fire marshals should attempt to combat fire, except in exceptional circumstances and only then if the marshals are completely confident in their safety and competence.

Similarly, the Medical Team is appointed to apply first aid and also carry out advanced medical procedures, and they should not be more than seconds away from attending any emergency. At such times, the role of the other Marshals is to protect everyone from further danger or damage until the experts arrive.

Track marshals and trackside Medical Crews should not be caught unaware when an incident occurs. In advance, work out between your Sector Marshal and yourselves who will go to the driver, who will go to the vehicle, who will check the track and who will be ready to call dangerous situations to the other responding marshals.

All equipment should be taken to an incident unless very obviously that it will not be needed. Apart from the fact that further damage or injury may be caused by not having the right equipment with you, nothing looks worse than a marshal having to return to the post to get equipment that should have been taken in the first place. If an incident happens close to your position, be alert and prepared to move to avoid a car or debris that could

by Race Control. If such vehicles are needed, Race Control must be informed and will direct the appropriate vehicles to the site. Emergency vehicles will usually travel to an incident along the non-track access roads. In some circumstances they may be directed by Race Control to enter the track, and in this case the trackside marshals should assist them to safely do so.

During the response to any incident, all marshals must work as a team to assist and protect each other, if marshals are not needed. They must move away from the incident site and return behind the barriers, but be ready to re-approach the site if needed. Stopped vehicles should be removed to places of safety as quickly as possible, and the driver encouraged moving behind the barriers straight away unless there is a possibility of injury, in which case they should only be moved under medical direction. Casualties likely to be treated while at the trackside must be protected. This will happen under direction from Race Control and the Post Chief.

15.5. Incident response by Marshals

Marshals must keep in mind the need to protect themselves and others from all unnecessary risks, particularly during emergencies. This includes only carrying out those procedures that you are trained and equipped for

regardless of whether the event is stopped or not. They are not available to assist in handling an emergency in the public area unless authorized to do so by Race Control. If Race Control approves the involvement of marshals in the handling of a non-race emergency, Race Control must at the same time be specific about whether the marshals are being placed under the authority of another responding body or whether they will continue to function under their own authority.

During emergencies on the track, Race Control may still liaise with and seek assistance from various other authorities by contacting that authority direct or through another source, if considered appropriate.

15.4. authority during emergencies

The normal race hierarchy will continue to function during emergency situations. The Post Chief or Incident Officer will take control of any situation in his/ her area and will see it through to restoration of normal conditions unless a more senior official arrives to take charge. All Marshals must remain calm, and assist as required, also remain close to a senior official with radio contact with Race Control.

All the emergency vehicles are under direct control of Race Control and can only attend incidents when directed

and which may escalate into a Critical Incident.

15.2.5. Major Incident

A major Incident is an incident, more likely occurring in the public area but possibly in the area specified for competition, which is beyond the scope of the resources at the venue to cope with and where there is considered to be increased danger to personnel if outside assistance is not sought.

15.3 general notes for emergencies

During any emergency situation, circumstances will dictate whether the event on the circuit is stopped or not. The policy is to keep all events going unless the emergency creates unacceptable hazards for those who are continuing to use the circuit, or for those involved in a response to the emergency. This policy exists in the interests of keeping the majority of the crowd focused on proceedings on the track, and not the emergency situation. The final decision will be made between Race Control, a Police Officer appointed to such a role and the event promoter.

All marshals and race emergency services will usually remain under the control of their own race operations hierarchy during any emergency,

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event is remote but still a possibility, particularly in the Garages and Pit area and we must all be alert to spilt or leaking fuel and other fire risks. Because of this we have fire units ready to enter the paddocks or pit area as well as the track, and trained fire marshals patrolling the area as well. Fire extinguishers are issued to each trackside post around the circuit for use by the trackside marshals. Marshals should check the equipment on first arriving at their posts, and familiarize themselves with its proper use.

15.7. Medical

Motorsport is a long way from being one of the most dangerous sports, but, despite all the protective measures - roll cages, helmets, seat belts, fire proof overalls, plumbed in extinguishers - high speed impacts occur, cars catch fire and people get injured.

The circuit has paramedics and doctors based at various points around the track, intended to provide first aid to injured drivers or officials, and to make an assessment as to whether further medical aid is required. Specialist medical teams are positioned at key points in high-powered vehicles, which can be quickly driven to a serious incident

and others must be prepared to assist but not interfere with this. Medical team provides the medical response, fire marshals the fire response.

After an incident, check the track for any oil/debris if safe to do so, and inform flag marshals if any problem is observed. In any case, they should be prepared to display the slippery surface flag for any vehicle that stops on the track until they know the circumstances. Examine vehicles for any fluid leaks as well. Also check surrounding barriers in case they have been damaged or weakened. Race Control needs to know of this before racing is resumed.

Leave the incident scene and return directly to your protected position as soon as you have no further reason to remain exposed to danger in the area.

Observe all incidents. If there is a collision between a vehicle and another vehicle or barrier, you may need to fill in an “Incident Report Form” stating what you saw, using simple diagrams. Remember, state only facts, not assumptions. Note on the report any remaining problem such as damaged fencing, debris on the ground, dirt on the track.

15.6. Fire Protection

The likelihood of fire at a motor racing

Note that track marshals generally have no authority to prevent stopped competitors from working on their vehicle or from further participation in practice or races. The track marshals can only stop them from continuing after an accident if the vehicle is leaking fluid or is damaged to such an extent that it would endanger other competitors if returned to the track, or if the competitor appears impaired in any way. ln this case, he should be checked by a doctor before being permitted to continue. If you are ignored, inform Race Control.

If unable to be started, remove stopped vehicles from the track and push them to a safe area behind or on top of barriers. If they cannot be shifted and are in any danger of sustaining or causing further damage by any subsequent accident, let Race Control know this.

Race cars should have a battery isolation switch clearly marked on the bodywork. Ensure this is switched OFF.

Do not call for an ambulance etc. until you have properly checked the situation, and then call for Medical assistance - do not anticipate what will be required.

During emergencies, each Marshal is responsible for his or her speciality,

place you in danger. In responding to an incident, always check the oncoming traffic and which flags are displayed to offer you some protection. Then approach the incident with the oncoming traffic in good view. Keep stopped vehicles between you and the traffic whenever possible. Get as close to the incident as you can from behind the barriers before moving out from behind the barriers.

Check the driver to see if he/she needs assistance. If he / she appear to require medical help, signal for assistance from the medical team. DO NOT MOVE AN IMMOBILE PERSON or ATTEMPT TO REMOVE A HELMET or HEAD/NECK RESTRAINT SYSTEM UNLESS REQUESTED TO HELP BY MEDICAL STAFF

Trackside marshals should not touch or manhandle any stranded competitors (injured or not) unless absolutely necessary. Use simple gestures to guide them to a safe location. Keep an eye out for sudden irrational behavior such as a lack of direction in their movements. Call for medical assistance if required.

never turn your back to oncoming traffic whether entering or leaving the circuit or while at the incident scene, unless another marshal is keeping watch for you.

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vehicle to respond, the order will be given over the radio for a specific vehicle (identified by allocated title and number) to “scramble”, meaning that the flashing lights will be switched on and the vehicle driven onto the track when it appears safe to do so.

The location and a broad description of the emergency will then be given to assist the crew of the Emergency Vehicle to be prepared.

Any instructions from Race Control have the authority of the Clerk of Course - They must be obeyed unless impossible.

15.8.2 the emergency Vehicledriver’s role

The driver has been selected as someone who has extensive driving experience under pressure - not for their prowess or otherwise as a race driver. The objective is to get the crew of the vehicle to an incident swiftly and safely without becoming a hazard to the competing drivers and others on the track.

Remember, in this role you are an emergency worker with race experience, not a race driver. Keep cool - don’t go faster than you can think on or off the track - make all your moves positive ones - pre-plan your approach

All Emergency Vehicles are crewed by experienced drivers, and other specialists, one of whom will act as the vehicle radio operator while he is in the vehicle. Each vehicle is constantly in radio contact with Race Control, and take their instructions from there. The purpose of all emergency vehicles is to get expert help to an incident without undue delay, and as safely as can be done in the circumstances presented at the time.

Each intervention or emergency vehicle is in radio contact with Race Control and will only respond to emergencies on the direction of Race Control. The radio network for medical emergency vehicles will link each Track Response Unit to Race Control, to each other, and also to other medical personnel and services at all times.

While events (race and practice) are taking place on the circuit, and the emergency vehicles are not on stand-by, it must be possible to place the vehicle and crew on stand-by within 10 seconds. The radio must be manned at all times. On being aware of an incident which may require the response from an Emergency Vehicle, the Race Control Operator will place the appropriate vehicles on “stand-by”, meaning that the crew will sit in the vehicle with seat-belts on and the motor running, but NOT with lights flashing. If Race Control requires a

Don’t grab a casualty and don’t drag an unconscious casualty out of a car, leave it to the Medical Team. The first can lead to a violent reaction if they have been hit on the head, the second could leave them paralyzed, look out for the quiet casualty. The more noise a casualty is making, the fewer problems they are likely have. A conscious casualty who is speaking must be breathing.

15.8. Use of emergency Vehicles

15.8.1 background to the role

All Race Meeting organizations have a variety of Emergency Vehicles present to respond to incidents, on direction from Race Control. The number and type vary depending on circumstances, but the principles remain the same. Fire is handled by fire or track marshals on foot, and by a number of dedicated vehicles manned by fire marshals. These vehicles usually carry rescue and cutting tools as well.

The medical team is comprised of doctor/s, and paramedics in Intervention Vehicles stationed around the track, by ambulances available for transport, and the vehicles are supplemented by Medical Ground-posts stationed around the track at key points (able to respond on foot without specific direction from Race Control), and a medical centre.

There are also medical extraction teams, which carry the equipment necessary to remove any casualty trapped in a car. On top of all this there will be ambulances. At all races, there will be a medical chase car. The FIA’s medical chase car can be driven to the scene of any major injury. When it arrives at the stricken car, a warning light system located on the top of cockpit provides an immediate indication of the severity of the accident.

The circuit also has a fully-equipped medical centre. This includes dedicated resuscitation facility. Local hospitals will also be on stand-by during the course of a race, more serious injuries can be transferred to them by ambulance or Medivac Helicopter. The medical staff has their own radio network, through which they will liaise with race control

The Medical Team is well staffed and equipped to carry out rescue and retrieval procedures in the event of an incident and the usual role of the trackside marshals is to provide protection for the medical team, and other assistance if requested.

In the case of an incident, try to approach the driver from their direction of vision. Speak to the driver - his response or lack of it is a key indicator to whether further assistance is needed.

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the track, approach the area closely and take note of the various access routes and working area available. Do not block the marshals’ access to the track, or the Track post Medical Teams stretcher access off the track. Park so that the rear of your vehicle is easily reachable by a stretcher team.

15.8.5 after the Incident

When the incident is cleaned up, Race Control will give you directions on where to proceed to - it may not be back to where you were originally stationed. It may be to the next available “gap” in the fencing. In the next break in activity, you may be directed to shift to a more suitable spot, so be prepared.

15.8.6 looking after Vehicles

The crew is responsible at all times for the presentation of the vehicle, and for its preparedness for its intended use, including but not limited to the following: The vehicle must be cleaned daily,

and at other times if unusually dirty.

The vehicle equipments and contents must be checked each morning and any shortages re-stocked.

The interior of the vehicle must be free of rubbish, food containers etc. that will appear unprofessional.

there. You must choose your speeds carefully - the general rule is that on an Open Track. “Suburban speeds” (60 to 100 kmh) are required, and on a “closed track” you chose your speed according to the emergency and the circumstances. Speed in paddock and public areas should not exceed 10 kmh unless in exceptional emergency circumstances, and then only if able to be done safely.

15.8.4 on arrival at an Incident site

The radio operator should be able to let you know exactly where the incident is. Slow down as you approach, and check out the situation. If approaching an incident on the track, if you can judge where the wind is coming from and there is the faintest chance of fire, stop upwind from the incident. If stopping before the incident, try to create a safe area for the emergency crew to work in by parking about ten meters from the incident and on a slight angle to the race traffic to deflect any subsequent impacts. Leave room for other emergency vehicles, particularly fire units which may need to get closer to the incident than you are. DON’T BLOCK MORE OF THE TRACK THAN YOU HAVE TO.

While parked at an incident trackside, leave the lights flashing, the handbrake on, and close your vehicle doors. If approaching an incident off

the driver should check the track in front or check for pre-arranged signals from a marshal close by, switch on the flashing lights, then drive out onto the track in race-direction. You should be aware of where the incident is; if not then drive defensively until you reach an obvious problem, or are signaled to by the trackside marshals.

You must only “scramble” on instruction from Race Control. If sighting an incident which may require you to move, by all means place yourselves on “Standby”, but DO NOT move without instruction.

Although you may have some level of track experience, you may not be prepared for the very rapid acceleration and closing speeds of a Formula 1 car. Accordingly, you are instructed to stay off the racing line whenever possible. Generally you should stay on whichever side of the track you entered on unless you must swap, and then only with extreme caution and in an area where you have the most rear-ward vision. If possible, change sides close to the incident in the area covered by yellow flags. Use traffic indicators if appropriate but don’t rely on them (and remember to cancel them when not needed).

In the emergency business it is better to get there a few seconds later than risk another accident and never get

to an incident - park so as to protect the crews without unnecessarily blocking traffic - leave room for other emergency vehicles - be ready to provide your fire extinguishers to the fire marshals if you have them - keep out of the way but be prepared to help if asked.

All Emergency Vehicle Crews must be aware of their “call-sign”, and also read the Notes on Radio Use in this manual.

You must be familiar with the circuit, the location of the various facilities and posts around the circuit and with the alternative routes to any particular position. You must be familiar with the circuit numbering system, which has each corner after the Start line being numbered consecutively starting with Turn 1 being the first corner.

15.8.3 Procedure for action

At their station, each vehicle crew must remain with the vehicle in readiness at all times. They must stay in the vehicle or very close to it. If Race Control calls and places a vehicle on “Standby”, all the crew should be seated in the vehicle with seatbelts on, and with the motor running. They should remain in this position until instructed to “Stand-down”.

However, if instructed to “Scramble”

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they are officials, other competitors, family members of the casualty or others affected by the incident.

The incident site must be returned to Race Control as soon as possible for the resumption of activities, usually when the civil authorities and the Incident Coordinator are satisfied that all has been done that is required by the circumstances.

15.12 the safety Car

The safety car is very important to ensuring the race does not suffer from undue disruption, as its use allows the race to continue even after a major accident, or other incident serious enough to require the presence of marshals on the track. This obviously cannot be allowed to happen with cars running at full speed - or even under the caution of yellow flags (as a driver may fail to observe them). Instead the safety car is deployed and the pack ‘forms up’ behind it - running in formation - until the obstacle or other problem has been cleared away.

The safety car is on standby throughout a race, ready to be dispatched by Race Control at a moment’s notice. State-of-the-art radio and video equipment enable communication to be maintained at all times. When the Race Director/ Clerk of the Course decide to deploy the safety car it will

circuit as the location of the sender - refer back to circuit numbering).

15.11. Critical Incident

When an Incident is identified as Critical (indicating a fatality or potential fatality), Race Control will initiate a range of actions aimed at preserving evidence of the incident, and at the same time address the unique set of circumstances which tend to arise at such incidents.

An Incident Controller will be sent to the incident site, to take charge of the response and to assist with preservation of the evidence.

An Incident Coordinator will be appointed to coordinate the procedural response to the incident. These officials may be the Clerk of the Course, the Secretary of the Meeting, or another official qualified to assume such a role while other officials get on with their specific roles.

This Incident Coordinator will relate to the civil authorities, to the other organizations directly involved, and to other involved persons as they appear. He will ensure that the media is catered for, there invariably being a great media interest and pressure at such an event. He will ensure that persons emotionally affected by the incident will be catered for, whether

the track is another hazard and this has to be considered in every case.

15.10 the Communications systemsand Procedures

The circuit is well served with communications systems and it is critical that each system is used correctly and that proper procedure is observed. The prime purpose of each system is to provide Race Control with information from around the circuit, and for Race Control to be able to issue the appropriate instructions to any particular official, or team of officials. No system should ever be used for side-chat or useless information. A log of transmissions over each communications channel is maintained at all times, so that detail can be cross-checked at a later time. An incident will usually be first reported to Race Control over the Radio, and then handled by the Post Chief over his or her radio for more detailed reporting and requests. This will then leave the Radio free for the reporting of other problems around the circuit. Contact over any of the systems requires the same concentration. Think about what you want to say, and then report in clear and concise detail.

Contact must begin with a clear identification of who the message is for, then a clear identification of the sender (using your position around the

Tyre pressures must be checked at the start of the Meeting, and at any other time when a problem is suspected.

Radio batteries must be charged daily, and a spare carried in the vehicle if available.

15.8.7 Vehicle lights

lightsFlashing roof lamps will be operated only when vehicles are responding to emergency calls, or when a specific instruction to do so is issued by Race Control e.g. during inspections or parades.

hazard Warning lampsFlashing indicator lights may be used at any time to indicate that Race Control Staff or Stewards of the Meeting are on the track, during emergencies or during inspection laps,

Flag &/or lightsThe Course Car will show green flags or green lights during all track opening laps, and red flags or red lights during all track closure laps.

15.9. equipment

Race Control may direct additional equipment or resources to an incident at the request of the Sector Marshal or the doctor, Remember that every extra person or vehicle sent around

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is forced out of the extinguisher by pressurized gas which can either be in a sealed cylinder which is punctured when the trigger is squeezed or by compressed gas stored inside the extinguisher itself.

Stored pressure extinguishers operate marginally faster than sealed cylinder extinguishers as the gas has to escape from the sealed cylinder into the body of the extinguisher before the powder or foam can be forced out. Stored pressure extinguishers have gauges which show whether the pressure is sufficient. Sealed cylinder extinguishers will not have a gauge.

Most On-Board extinguishers are foam based, They are designed to deliver twice as much as foam to the engine bay as the cockpit and may be thermally triggered. It can take time for the liquid to reach the trigger temperature. On-board extinguishers may not work if the car is upside down. On-board extinguishers are either fired mechanically (by pulling a handle) or electrically (by pressing a button or flicking a switch).

Currently, fire extinguishers are colour coded by painting the whole of the extinguisher; however, the European Union has decided that all new extinguishers must be red or unpainted stainless steel and their type will be identified by a colored label, following

Remove heat with a cool liquid - water, foam or a dry powder extinguisher

Remove fuel - turn off the fuel supply or remove flammable materials

Remove Oxygen - seal with foam

16.4. Classes of Fire

Class A - Free Burning. (Solid materials - wood, cloth, paper, vehicle trim). - Knock down with dry powder, then use water or foam to cool.

Class B - Flammable liquids (oil, spirits, petroleum, alcohols, greases, fats) - Fight with dry powder, followed by foam or C02.

Class C - Flammable Gasses.(Propane, butane, natural gas) - Fight with dry powder and C02

Class 0 - Electrical Fires.(Any electrical equipment) - Isolate the source of power before using dry powder or C02

Category developed by extinguisher manufacturers Chubb - Vehicle Protection - Knock down with dry powder, cool and seal with foam.

16.5. Fire extinguishers

Marshals posts are usually equipped with one or more pairs of Dry Powder (blue) and AFFF Foam (white) extinguishers, The powder and foam

a fire or may be required to assist a Fire Marshal. For these reasons all Marshals should have a basic knowledge of fire & safety and the appliances required to fight such fires.

Familiarize yourself with the cars and their safety systems. Find out where the fuel tank is and the external extinguisher and fuel cut off switches. Are they in the same place? Are they both operated by the same switch? Are there any other cut offs you need to know about such as KERS?

16.2. essentials of Fire Fighting

The priority is to save life and then to protect property. The most obvious danger to the driver is burns, but fires consume oxygen and lack of oxygen can result in brain damage or even death before a casualty is actually burnt. The aim has to be to get to a burning vehicle and to have the fire under control - and preferably extinguished - within 30 seconds.

16.3. the triangle of Fire

You must have three things in order to have a fire

Something to burn Oxygen Enough heat to raise the material

to its ignition temperature. Remove any one and the fire will

go out. Therefore you can

join the track immediately and from that point no car may enter the pit lane and no overtaking is allowed. The safety car will then allow cars to pass it until the race leader is immediately behind it. When signaled to do so, any lapped cars in among the leading pack may then unlap themselves, pass the safety car and proceed around the circuit to retake their positions at the back of the field. Once the correct race order has been restored, the pit lane will reopen. Throughout the process, a ‘Safety Car’ board is also displayed to drivers at the flag points and the information will also be relayed over radios from the pit lane.

When the Race Director/ Clerk of the Course order the safety car to leave the track again, a similarly exact procedure is followed. At the start of its final lap the safety car will turn off its Yellow flashing lights. Competitors must still remain behind in formation, but they know that at the beginning of the next lap they will be racing again. The safety car will pull off into the pits at the end of the lap and - as they cross the line - the competitors restart their race.

16. Fire & safety

16.1. general Any trackside fire would normally be handled by a trained Fire Marshal. Other Marshals may be in the vicinity of

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turbosTurbo fires also involve high temperatures, however, rapid cooling could well lead to the turbine in the hot end Shattering, firing metal shrapnel around. Although using a. dry powder extinguisher will almost certainly mean an engine rebuild. it is the safer option in these circumstances. Beware of reignition.

exhaustsBe particularly aware of the possibility of grass fires in hot, dry weather when a car pulls off the circuit. Knock down with powder and follow up with foam as usual.

MetalMagnesium can be used to reduce the weight of metal components such as wheels and bulkheads. Metal fires give off an intense white light and produce white smoke particles. Under no circumstances should you use a water or foam extinguisher on a metal fire. It will make the fire more intense. The best way of fighting a metal fire is to cover the burning item in sand to exclude air.

trimSome plastics and rubber compounds used in trim leave behind an exceedingly corrosive acid when they are burnt. There is no alternative to hospital treatment if you get the acid on your skin. Simply flushing the skin

16.7. What burns on a Car

FuelPetrol is not the only fuel used in racing. Some older cars and Indy cars are fuelled by methanol which was originally introduced because it could be supercharged without risk of pre-ignition. Methanol cools the engine as it evaporates at a lower temperature than petrol and auto ignites at far higher temperature than petrol. so it can undergo massive compression.

Methanol is harder to ignite than petrol and burns with a clear flame. which cannot be seen. A methanol fire can be extinguished using dry powder extinguishers, but the fuel breaks down AFFF foam. Methanol is both toxic and a narcotic which can be absorbed through skin. Like petrol it can cause painful burns.

brakesBrake fires are caused by the temperature of the pads causing the brake fluid to ignite. If the brake assembly is not cooled the fluid will re-ignite. This is one of the few occasions where a foam extinguisher alone is the best way of fighting the fire. Brake discs are usually large enough to take the thermal shock of rapid cooling without shattering - but that remains a possibility so stand well back and take additional care.

Crean bottles (light Water Foam oraqueous Film Forming Foam (aFFF)- Marshals Posts

Filled with a mixture of water and a detergent type liquid and propelled by compressed air which is also stored in the extinguisher or a sealed cylinder inside it. Now used in onboard extinguishers to replace Halon (below).

Once the flames have been knocked down by the marshal(s) with the dry powder extinguisher(s), marshals with foam extinguishers move in to seal the site of the fire and any fuel spills. Foam should be allowed to fall onto the site of the fire to cool and form a film excluding air from fuel. Foam extinguishers do not work so well with methanol fires as the foam dissolves in the methanol and does not form a film.

black bottle - Carbon dioxidesometimes found in the pits or inrace Control.

Disperses too easily to be effective in motor sport context. Care is needed as you can get cold burns, particularly from the trumpet as the liquid C02 turns into a gas.

red bottle - Water. Used to providefire cover in stands, race control etc.

Solely for “Class A “ fires - Fires involving cloth, wood and paper.

the existing coding system. You may find both types on circuit.

Extinguishers that are faulty must be reported and replaced. Lay them down on the edge of the track for collection at the end of the day or leave them as requested by the circuit Know the difference between the electrical cut off and extinguisher symbols. Always isolate the power supply to stop fuel being pumped into a hot engine. Don’t hesitate to use on-board extinguishers. They direct the extinguishing to where it is most needed.

16.6. types of Fire extinguisher

blue bottles (dry Powder) –Marshals Post

Filled with a powder which is propelled by compressed air or Nitrogen, stored in the extinguisher itself or C02, stored in a sealed cylinder inside the extinguisher which is punctured when the trigger is squeezed.

Use the Dry Powder extinguisher first, delivering short bursts of powder from 12 feet away, at the base of the fire to knock the flames down. Dry powder extinguishers provide cooling and, if the powder is Monex, interfere with the chemical reaction sustaining the fire.

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It is the Post Chiefs job to see that their sector is set up and equipped to carry out all the routine functions required, and to cope with whatever emergencies may happen. If all works well, the Post Chief should have little to do during the day. In reality, it never works that way and the whole team has plenty to do to fill in its time. For all routine activities, the sector should be set up to function without you giving directions. The marshals are all experienced officials, and provided they are dispersed and equipped properly they will get any job done.

17.2 Qualities required of aPost Chief

leadershipRemember that leadership is something you do WITH people - not TO them.

Begin by briefing your team. As a Post Cheif, you should ALWAYS brief, but DON’T always give the same briefing. Tailor the briefing to the experience level of your audience, the circuit, the post and the programmed of races.

Use your briefing to build your team, create confidence, establish guidelines, stress safety issues and remove uncertainty, if someone is doing something wrong it is your job to put them right, but use diplomacy and tact where ever possible.

centre or a hospital casualty unit and tell them you may have been into contact with acids produced by burnt rubber compounds.

11. Report the number and type of extinguishers you have used so that they can be replaced. Include partially used extinguishers in your tally and don’t trust them for use in a later blaze. Leave them lying down on the edge of the track at the end of the day.

PArt II - rOLeS OF SPeCIALISt OFFICIALS17. Post Chiefs.

17.1 general

The basis of control for all trackside marshals while they are at their posts is the Post Chief. Each Post Chief is the senior official in their area of the track and has the authority of an Assistant Clerk of Course in his/her sector and is responsible to the Clerk of Course for all activity in the sector. For the Yas Marina circuit each Marshal Post is a Sector as well. All vehicle crews and doctors in the Sector are part of the team and should as far as possible, be included in the Post Chief Briefing.

by marshals with White (foam) extinguishers.

5. Don’t run through flames. Extinguish ground fires as you approach.

6. Priorities:If the driver is trapped inside, the cockpit area is top priority If the driver is out but on fire, get

him down on the ground. pat and smother the flames or use an extinguisher.

If the driver is out and safe concentrate on the seat of the fire.

7. Don’t cover your colleagues with flames, powder or foam.

8. Watch out for flashbacks, under body fires, fires in the engine bay and in the boot. Don’t throw open a bonnet or boot. One marshal, wearing protective gloves and keeping low, should crack open the lid with their back to the car while the other inserts the pipe of the extinguisher into the opening and gives a quick burst.

9. Once the flames are out. Damp the car down and keep watching. Extinguishers are a must when clearing up a car that has been on fire.

10. Some rubber compounds and plastics which have been burnt can produce powerful acids which cause severe injuries if you get them on your skin. If you feel a burning sensation go to a circuit medical

with water is inadequate. Beware of the fumes given off by burning trim.

bodyworkGlass Reinforced Plastic (Fibreglass) can catch fire and may give off dangerous fumes so extra care is required. Fight the fire in the conventional manner with dry powder extinguishers, followed by foam.

tyresTyres are highly unlikely to catch fire unless the vehicle has been alight for a considerable period of time. Burning tyres give off an acrid, black smoke which you should avoid inhaling. A large amount of water will be needed to put out burning tyres and a watch will need to be kept on the vehicle for a significant time to ensure there is no re-ignition.

16.8. some general hints onFighting Fires

Act as a team: 1. Approach with the wind behind you

to avoid smoke and powder getting blown in your face.

2. Stop about 10 to 12 feet away from the blaze. Don’t get too close as the powder of the extinguisher could spread burning fuel.

3. Take the pins out.4. Marshals with Blue (Dry Powder)

extinguishers go first to knock the flames down and are followed

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if you are ‘phoning in at the start of the day, it is worth mentioning the absence of any vehicles.

Marshals- details, experience and gearYou should ensure you have details of all the marshals and other officials on your post. Checking their experience and those they have the proper gear can be delegated, but you should ensure you are happy with the way marshalling teams are split up.

Post Conditions and Circuit FacilitiesWalk the area near the post. Is it level and dry or potholed and boggy? Are the barriers capable of being quickly scaled; is the debris fencing compromising safety? Any problems must be reported.

As this is a new circuit each time we use it, we may have to spend time fine tuning the facilities by checking or even shifting spectator fences, and by rearranging vehicle parking positions. Do this on the Thursday, and include detail of changes in your reports.

sector sign on sheets/Marshal evaluationThe Sector sign-on sheets should be checked off each morning and then handed to the office of the Secretary of the Meeting on the Sunday night before you leave the circuit. Any specific notes you wish to write can follow later. What

the on Post Check list

The On Post Check list will include the following

Communications - Phone, radioand signalsEveryone usually remembers to make a phone or radio check, most emphasize what a whistle means if their team should hear it, but few reinforce the use of recognized hand signals. Make sure the Sector Marshal or you yourself establish what hand signals to expect.

General information to Race Control should be transmitted over the Post Chief’s radio channel, manned by your Chief, and you should ensure that this system is used whenever possible. Try not to duplicate messages as this can lead to time-wastage and confusion. If Race Control wishes you to handle a particular incident over the radio, they will request it if you decide that you should handle the incident yourself, let Race Control and your Post Chief know this.

emergency Vehicles – Manningand accessCheck that emergency vehicles are present, manned, and ready and have the access they need on and off circuit. The vehicles are under your control. Experience may tell you whether there should be a vehicle at a gap, however,

to help new colleagues, unless there are three or more on a post and one can watch what a new Flag Marshal is doing from the same direction, Try to be positive, Highlight the things someone is doing well before being critical. Ask them what they find most difficult to create an opening for a suggestion.

Old Hands can help with training, but may need their memories jogging so always debrief after an incident. Explain and invite observations on how incidents are handled.

Post Chief briefings

Each morning, and at other times when appropriate, you are required to brief your Team regarding their duties for the day, any particular last minute instructions to be issued, overall safety in the Sector with regard to activities and positioning, and any other matter relative to the Sector. A briefing template has been issued to each of you, and all points on it should be covered at each briefing.

All marshals must be stationed in positions where they are protected by the concrete blocks/debris fence, unless their duties require them to move out from a protected area (such as with flag marshals on flag duty or track or fire marshals responding to an incident), and then only for the minimum time required to complete their duty.”

safety officerCheck the equipment and the post. Report any deficiencies or hazards.

Stand back from an incident. Direct your team and keep an eye open for developing danger. Always remember the danger does not stop when the racing is over.

CommunicatorCommunicate with your team, Incident Officer and Race Control. Report anything to the Post Chief that you think they should know about or may have missed.

If there is an incident to be dealt with or a car to be recovered after a session, develop a plan and communicate it to the team.

trainerOne of the most important roles of a Post Chief is providing on post training for officials at your post and particularly for new recruits, who may also benefit from spending time with the Incident Officer. You should find out the experience of people at your post and be prepared to cover all the essentials, including hands on fire, safety and incident handling training.

The major training role for Post Chiefs, however, is probably training, Flag marshals and trainee Incident Officers; it is difficult for fellow Flag Marshals

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indications of potential injuries and the need for alternative extrication strategies.

Written reportsWritten reports should contain:1. All the details you gave in your

verbal report ie Flags displayed 2. Sketch (basic form)3. Conditions 4. Damage 5. Recovery

You may also need to include details of the recovery, particularly if further damage results and details of damage to the circuit should be included, even if it is slight - say a tire wall rebuild.

Written reports should be factual and not contain opinion. You may wish to enlarge upon your written report verbally when the Clerk of the Course or his deputy comes round to collect your report.

Making a sketch of the Incidentstatic Information Circuit and Barriers Personnel Flag and Marshals Posts Direction of Traffic

dynamic Information Position of car(s) - start, contact

and finish Path of car(s) between those points Flag signals

Programmed/ minute by minute Report Pad Circuit diagrams Serious Incident form

17.8 reports

The making of reports is covered in more detail in Appendix 5 of this manual. Some further details are included below

Verbal reportsGive Race Control1. Post details 2. Car number(s) 3. What’s happened4. Action taken5. Action needed6. Time Not all the information required for a verbal report may be instantly available, but Race Control will welcome an incomplete report, with a follow up, particularly if the verbal report enlarges on what they can see on circuit cameras. You may not know the car numbers, but you can give an initial view on a potentially serious incident which your team is about to deal with and Race Control an early indication of any action they may need to take. Ensure that in the event of a rescue unit or doctor being scrambled they are made aware of the way the incident occurred as impact details can give

moving on to the track. Please do not send any vehicle on to the track until checking with Race Control except in an extreme emergency. Similarly you should not stop a vehicle from moving unless you believe that the movement is a mistake, or is blatantly dangerous. If there is any doubt, check with Race Control before taking action. When emergency vehicles are directed to an incident in your Sector, ensure that the Yellow Flag marshal, or another if more appropriate, is ready to wave down the emergency vehicle and indicate to it where the incident is.

Whilst Cranes and Tow Trucks cannot move without instruction from Race Control, they can anticipate action and get ready - engines running, slings ready etc. Encourage them to do this at all time. Practice sessions are also necessary - moving across gravel traps, dropping the sling in the right place, and communications between driver and crane-chaser.

17.7 Post Chief’s Personalequipment Checklist

Post Chief needs to ensure that they have the necessary equipment to carry out their duties and in particular to make the necessary reports. this includes:

Pens, pencils and paper Watch set to race time

we are particularly interested in are marshals who due to any number of reasons are unable to carry out their specific duty. We also need to specifically know about marshals who you consider are capable of carrying out higher duties e.g. promising Post Chief.

In the Case of Incidents and emergenciesIt is at times of incidents and emergencies that the Post Chief must become more involved, taking charge of the incident area and ensuring that all procedures are conducted in a correct and orderly manner.

The Post Chief should not “interfere” with specialist groups except to ensure that they work within the overall structure in the best manner that circumstances will permit. If emergency vehicle are required to be shifted at an incident site, speak to the driver. He may be under specific instruction from Race Control, or have valid reasons for his placement of the vehicle. While an incident is being handled, and more particularly afterwards, the area must be kept free of all “hangers-on” and unnecessary marshals.

Movement of VehiclesAll movements of vehicles are controlled by Race Control, and all vehicles must receive instruction before

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as the cars pass you.

Before racing starts take the opportunity to look at the flag post from the driver’s point of view. Work out when the post comes into view and when the driver stops looking at the post. On a corner this can be well before the car reaches you as the driver is already looking into the bend.

Always stand facing your fellow flag marshals and never stand back to back. If you are facing the traffic your reactions are vital to the marshal facing in the other direction. In an emergency, pull them out of the way if there isn’t time for them to react to your shout.

If you are on your own do NOT stand with your back to the traffic. Stand sideways on or slightly towards the traffic and check for incidents behind you by glancing over your shoulder regularly. Don’t be afraid to ask the Incident Officer to shout if something happens and you miss it.

If there is more than one flag marshal on a post, the marshal with the yellow flag stands with their back to the traffic, the marshal with the blue flag faces the traffic and a third flag marshal would hold the green flag and stand back, behind the marshal with the blue flag.

If two Incident Officers are present at a Post, they should roster themselves over the day, with the I/O not on the radio ready to pass on messages and to collect more detail from the track and the other marshals at the Post. Changing the radio from one I/O to the other should be done at least 10 minutes before any session or race, to avoid last minute delays in Track Clearances etc. A check call to race control should also be carried out.

During practice or racing, place yourself in a position that enables you to pass on messages to other marshals at your Post as quickly as possible. Any Incident Officer not on the radio should assist with this. The other marshals will appreciate being told of information from other Sectors as well. Try to keep them informed whenever it does not jeopardize your duties. When Race Control is closing the track in preparation for an event, let your fellow marshals know. Listen to all other messages on the I/O channel - the questions and answers may also answer your thoughts and queries, and save you making the same call.

19. Flag Marshals

19.1 Positioning

Flags must be displayed clearly and in plenty of time, if they are to be of any use at all. It is pointless showing a flag

all regular reports and requests, and for initial reporting of incidents or accidents. Depending on the nature of the incident.

18.3 setting up

Upon arrival at your Post acquaint yourself with your fellow marshals and identify the Post Chief. Turn on your radio and wait for contact from Race Control. Establish your own contact with Race Control if you are concerned that this should have already happened.

Prior to the start of any session or race, Race Control may request a “Track Clearance”. A starting point will be nominated by Race Control, and all Posts will then advise in ascending numerical order, the track status between them and the next Post e.g. “Yankee Mike one-zero - Track clear”, or “Yankee Mike one-zero - Hold - track being swept”, etc.

18.4 Manning the position ofIncidentofficer

From the time specified in the “Minute X Minute”, an Incident Officer must man the equipment at all times unless Race Control instructs otherwise. If you are instructed by any official to move at any time, you must obtain permission from Race Control before complying (unless for reasons of impending personal danger).

18. Incident officers (I/0)

18.1 roles of Incident officers

Incident Officers are the eyes and ears of the Clerk of the Course. At its simplest, that means they are responsible for submitting impartial reports on racing incidents which occur in their sector, but the role of an Incident Officer is far more extensive than that. they play a vital safety role and also have an important training role.

18.2 Communication systems

The circuit is well served with communications systems. It is critical that all the systems are used correctly and that proper procedure is observed at all times. The Incident Officers are all on the one radio channel, with all Posts being active at all times. Because of this, conversations other than necessary messages are not permitted.

Routine housekeeping business such as requesting extra drink, or brooms etc. should be done between sessions. From about five minutes before any session until the session is finished, the loop should be only used for matters which are relevant to what is happening in the area at the time - on the track, or crowd emergencies, etc.

The Incident Officers radio channel (ES1, Race Radio) is to be used for

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day is very important. Be prompt for sign-on, collect lunches and drinks and be ready for the general briefing. Take notes if required and ask questions if you are unsure. Above all, listen. After the briefing, make your way to your allocated position. Gather with your Post Chief and other team members; listen to the sector briefing and roll call. Setup the sector as required by your Post Chief and or Incident Officer. Walk and check the track for objects (nuts, bolts, stones/dirt, vehicle bits, oil etc).

With the Post Chiefs help, organize yourselves into teams with agreed leaders, and discuss the exact positioning and responses for each of you. Discuss hand signals within the sector. Clarify at what stage do the medical teams or fire teams respond. Each morning or when scheduled, be ready for the track inspection by the Senior Officials. This may seem trivial to you but we cannot start until they are satisfied that all is in readiness and they take their track inspection duties seriously. At the scheduled time, line up at your posts so that you can be identified as marshals.

20.3. safety

As a trackside marshal you will be close to the action. Safety is of paramount importance. The first responsibility at an event is, of course, to look after yourself. By this we not only mean

flag on a post - for example a yellow and a white flag, while a vehicle is being snatched or an emergency vehicle is passing to attend an incident at the following post - one marshal should hold one flag high and another should hold the other flag low to avoid one getting obscured by the other.

20. trackside Marshals

20.1 general

As Trackside Marshals with various roles to fill, you have been given the task of ensuring that the competition can proceed with the utmost safety for all participants, that the track is maintained in a clean and safe condition at all times, and that there is immediate help available for any participant with problems.

You may be called to take over other positions track side such as the Incident Officer or a Flag Marshal. To this end you should be conversant with those roles such as your own. The best way to become a competent, efficient, experienced official is to regularly practice your skills and to expand your knowledge by learning other roles by attending training, on site practice and observing the various roles.

20.2 getting Prepared

Getting organized at the start of each

“waving” a flag is to hold it as if you were displaying a stationary signal, and then move your arms. Don’t use or wave flags unnecessarily - it just leads to them being ignored by drivers. If you see a driver move over or indicate to another to pass, don’t bother with a blue flag· unless you fear the driver being overtaken may not realise more cars are about to overtake.

Don’t downgrade a flag signal simply because you cannot see any cars. One of the worst crimes a flag marshal can commit is to withdraw a waved yellow flag while there are no cars in view and then represent it again when cars appear. If, instead, you move from a vigorous wave to a leisurely wave while there are no cars, the odd car that surprises you will get the message, and you will rest your arm at the same time.

Be prepared to use a flag to force a signal at another marshals’ post. For example, display a green flag to indicate to a preceding post with restricted view that they should be displaying a yellow. The green could be waved for a short while to indicate they need to wave the yellow if a car is out of their view, but in a dangerous position. Withdrawing the green indicates to the advanced post that it is now safe for them to withdraw the yellow.

If you need to display more than one

Rotate yellow flag marshal to green, green flag marshal to blue and blue to yellow in long races, that way the green flag marshal can get up to speed on where the race leaders and the slow cars are before taking over the blue flag. Try to keep the next flag point in view or, if that is not possible, flick your eyes regularly towards the next flag point to check for signals.

Make sure all of the flag is displayed, at a right angle to the drivers’ line of sight.

If it is necessary for another flag point to respond to your signal - to display a green flag to mark the end of a hazard zone, to put out a Safety Car Board, or to display the red flag, E.G hold the flag in such a position that they can see and respond to it, before moving it into the drivers’ line of sight.

19.2 detailed uses of Flags

Use flags to “talk” to the drivers

Flags can be waved lazily or vigorously depending on the urgency.

In windy weather, move the flag quickly in the direction of the wind and more slowly against it to achieve a clear signal without wrapping the flag around the pole. In high winds, the best way of

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a raised pit wall, from which crews can signal to competitors.

21.2 general rules for Pit lane

General rules for the Pit Lane are as follows:1. Smoking is not permitted in Pit

Lane and in the garages. If smoking is observed in garages, the smoker should be requested to leave the area or extinguish the cigarette.

2. Each team must have a fire extinguisher available while they are working in Pit Lane. This should be checked each day, and not left to the last minute.

3. Cars cannot use reverse gear in Pit Lane - they must be pushed backwards.

4. For some Support Events, unless otherwise specified, teams can only have six persons working on their car during an event. Apart from the six, the only other persons permitted to do any work on the car are a driver who has just left the car, helping the new driver to get belted in etc, and a crew member whose sole job is to hold the overflow bottle during refueling.

5. Teams must clean any fluids split in their area, particularly oil and fuel. Remind them of this if necessary, and report any failure to clean up, to Race Control.

Medical Centre as appropriate.

Keep your working area free of rubbish - you are in sight of many spectators, and all our work areas must be presented professionally, and with obvious standards of care.

21. Pit lane Marshals

21.1 general

The prime role of Pit Lane Marshals is to provide the competitors with a safe and un-encumbered Pit Lane in which to compete. A secondary task is to ensure that competitors comply with the rules of the competition. At all times, marshals must be alert to protect themselves, then others from danger. To carry out these functions, the procedure and rules set out below must be enforced.

The Pits - known also as the “Box· - is used by teams to make adjustments and repairs to cars during practice and racing. The Pits usually comprises a pit lane with an exit from and an entrance to the race track and a number of garages for competing cars between the pit lane and the Paddock. The Pit Lane is considered to be part of the race track and is divided into three lanes - an acceleration lane, a slowing down lane and a third lane where work can be carried out on stationary vehicles. It is divided from the track by

and crews will have radios on an emergency channel, and the Incident Officer or Radio/Flag Marshals will maintain contact with Race Control over their own radio channel.

There is a number of “Hand Signals” that Track Marshals use to communicate urgent messages. Study the diagrams below to ensure all Marshals are familiar with them.

20.5. track Cleaning

For some events, no material may be used for cleaning up oil spills on the track. Race Control will issue instructions on this. At other times, the very minimum amount of oil-mop may be used to soak up spilt oil or fuel off the track, and the track should be swept well, after the oil has been soaked up.

20.6. Protection of Property

In addition to looking after the competitors, at your post you need to protect your own property and that of your fellow marshals. Appoint one of your fellow marshals to protect any stopped race vehicles and equipment at the end of the day, until they are collected by the Recovery Team. Return any parts of a vehicle with the vehicle itself when the Recovery Team arrives. At day’s end, return all equipment to the wheelie bin, to the Tower, or to the

protecting yourself from the prevailing weather conditions but focusing on any element that can contribute to your safety. Make sure you have adequate clothing and footwear, protection from the sun, rain and cold, protection from competition vehicle noise, plenty of water to drink, and extra food if you need it. Check your equipment before you go to your post.

At your post, always place yourself in a safe position behind the 1st Iine of protection (safety wall), and even from there be prepared for the possibility of debris or a vehicle reaching your position. Plan your entry and exit points onto and off the track. Check the run-off areas of the track for danger (holes etc); be aware of the positioning of flag and communication points around you, and the location of fire extinguishers and other personnel and equipment (Medical, vehicles etc) in your area. Also look after the safety of your fellow marshals and help protect them from risks as well. If you or any of your fellow marshals are injured or incapacitated, the risk of danger may be increased for the drivers and your fellow marshals.

20.4. Communications

Each trackside sector has a range of communication systems whereby contact is maintained with other sectors, and with Race Control. The senior official in the sector will have a Race Control radio, emergency vehicles

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PART TWO

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during their pit stops - stand back where you can see what is happening, and also any on-coming traffic. If you are concerned about a possible mechanical problem, get a Scrutineer to check. If fire is a possibility alert the fire marshals, and get the nearest fire extinguisher ready for use. Warn the team, and keep all other persons well clear.

5. You are on duty until your senior official relieves you. If you must leave for any reason, you must let your senior official know.

6. No-one should be permitted on the pit wall until the cars have left the start line.

Pit Marshals should: Wear protective clothing Know the layout of the pits. Know the location of and how to

use the emergency equipment kept in the pits, which includes fire extinguishers, brushes and absorbent powder to treat fluid spills.

Be aware of who is authorized to be in the pits and ensure only those people gain access. No one under the age of 16 is permitted in the pits

Understand what work is permitted, where it can take place and who can carry it out.

Keep the pits free from obstructions.

Pay particular attention to safety, particularly with regard to cars

21.3 guidance for Pit Marshals

1. Some Pit Marshals may be allocated to stand along the line in Pit Lane during events. From an appearance point, it is important that these marshals stand in a straight line, and do not move unless necessary. These marshals should stand facing the traffic, and those with whistles must blow the whistles as each car approaches them. This includes cars which are entering their pits, and also cars which have just left their pits. At the Yas Marina Circuit, marshals are not required to stand between the lanes in Pit lane during the race because the discipline is improving all the time. If so instructed, they may be positioned against the garage wall, in a position to still assist if required, and to monitor Pit Lane activities.

2. During Support Events where the available space is reduced. Ensure that teams do not encroach into the fast lane.

3. At the start of each race, team members are not allowed on the signaling platform until after the cars have left the grid. For Support Events, each team should have no more than three members on the signaling platform at any time, and only when their vehicle is participating in a session or race.

4. Do not get in the way of teams

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2. Make sure an extinguisher is close to hand.

22. startline Marshals

22.1 general

Grid Marshals are responsible for positioning the cars on the grid and ensuing competitors are aware of where they should stop following a “Green Flag” warm up lap prior to the start.

Grids are busy places, with mechanics, photographers, journalists, sponsors and other team guests on the grid at some of the more prestigious meetings. It is important that only authorized individuals are allowed onto the grid and that they leave at the correct time - usually two minutes before the start.

22.3 Formation lap (general)

When the cars have left, all marshals should take up their positions on the pit wall.

If a car stalls prior to leaving the grid at the start of the formation lap, the marshal should wave his yellow flag to warn drivers behind. If the car is not able to start, it must be removed from the grid to a place of safety or in the pit lane. The start will not be delayed in this case.

entering and leaving the pits -particularly when team personnel are crossing from the pit wall to the garages

21.4 Cars breaking down in the Pits

When a car breaks down in the Pits move them to the garage lane as soon as possible. Warn other competitors to slow as there is an obstruction in the pits.

21.5 Pit stops

On the occasion of Pit StopsYou may need to report the length of and reason for stops during practice and race sessions. Record the event or race, the time, car number and reason for the stop or retirement The information will usually be most easily available from the team manager rather than busy mechanics. Don’t forget to sign the report You should be aware of races with compulsory pits stops for driver changes and when those stops are required to occur. Be prepared for stops to refuel, change brake pads etc during long distance races.

21.6. When refueling is occurring inthe Pits

1. Refueling is currently permitted within Formula 1.

aMbUlanCe reQUIred

straIght toW

MedICal assIstanCe reQUIred

Car reQUIres a lIFt(FUll or PartIal)

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PART TWOPART TWO

competitors behind him. Once the cars have left the grid, help to clear the vehicle.

Be aware of cars on the back of the grid starting with time penalties.

23. Fire Marshals

The Fire & Rescue Service is dedicated to the competitors, team members and marshals of the event. The co-ordination of any on track response is handled by Race Control under the direction of the Clerk of the Course.

The Fire & Rescue team is specially trained in motor sport fire & rescues.

24 boundary riders

24.1 general

If you are appointed as a Boundary Rider in direct contact with Race Control, but while you are on duty you will actually be under the direction of the sector Marshal in the area in which you are stationed, as well as of Race Control with who you will be in radio contact. The circuit will be divided into zones for each of you to patrol, and this will normally be your territory for the Meeting.

Your first designated role each day as a team is to patrol the outer limits of the Marshals Briefing Area on foot, and encourage (ensure) all marshals

22.6 guidance for startline Marshals

Some guidance for Grid Marshals is set out below: Position the cars you are

responsible for in the appropriate grid positions

Ensure engines are switched off if this is a requirement

Engines may be restarted at the appropriate time - usually three minutes before the start

If you have been provided with a board with the row number on, show it to the driver and indicate the position where it will be displayed for the start

The grid should be cleared at the two minute signal, with grid marshals moving to a safe position in line with the grid row they are responsible for.

If a driver stalls or is unable to start when the green flag is waved, give the car a push start or, if it fails to start, remove the car from the grid to a place of safety.

Check the grid positions you are responsible for any oil or debris and treat appropriately if time allows.

As competitors return from the Green Flag lap and come onto the grid, hold out the board with the row number on and keep it there until the cars in the rows you are responsible for have come to a halt.

If a driver indicates he cannot start, display a yellow flag to warn

indicates he is in trouble, wave your flag, holding it out as far as possible but being careful not to drop it onto the track.

If the start is delayed as a result of a driver stalling, the marshal assigned to him should, after the aborted start is confirmed and team personnel have returned to the grid, go onto the track and stand with his yellow flag in front of the car. When the new formation lap starts the car will be held by the marshal and leave after the last car. He will then start from the back of the grid. If more than one car is involved, they will line up at the back of the grid in the order they were on the original grid.

If a driver stalls at the start of a race, all marshals must wave their flags to warn drivers behind of imminent danger.

22.5 after the start

After the start, please remain on the pit wall until the leader has completed two laps. If the race has to be stopped within in this time the drivers will start from their original grid positions and will need to see the boards to line up for the re-start as quickly as possible.

If a re-start is necessary after two laps but less than 75% of the race distance await instructions as to which drivers will occupy which positions for the new start.

If a car is left on the grid at the start of the formation lap (and all others able to do so have left the grid), and then subsequently is able to leavethe car must be placed at the back of the grid for the race start and it’s original position left open. If more than one car is involved, they will line up in the order they left to start the formation lap.

22.4 start

When the cars come into sight around the last corner to complete their formation lap, raise your board adjacent to the grid position you have been assigned.

When the car comes to rest, put down your board and prepare your yellow flag. The jump start detection system will tell the starter if the car is in precisely the correct position, so lower your board as soon as you are sure your driver has seen his board and is coming to a halt in the correct grid box, not when you think it is in its precise position for the start.

As soon as you take up the flag look directly at your driver, nowhere else. The drivers have been briefed to look at you should they encounter difficulties. Some car cockpit shapes make it difficult for a driver to raise his arms high so the starter is relying totally on you to warn him if a driver is in trouble.

If before the race start is given, a driver

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Keep the unit in a clean and presentable condition as far as is practicable in the circumstances.

Park the unit in the required area each night, and at the end of the Meeting before returning the keys to the Secretary of the Meeting.

When not responding to a direction from Race Control, be under the control and direction of the Sector Marshal in whose sector the unit has been allocated. This may include assisting in other activities independent of the Boundary Rider role.

24.5 other matter in respect toboundary riders

You will be in contact with the public much of the time· again be courteous but firm. Give plenty of warning if you must ride in their area. The second last thing we need is you being injured, the last thing we need is injured passengers, or members of the public.

Please report damage to persons or bikes, however caused, as soon as the problem is evident.

Your radio will give direct contact with Race Control. Read the instruction sheet on radio protocol and only use the radio when necessary. Your call sign is “Boundary Rider at “using your exact position on the track as identification. Also state whether you

should be ferried to a bridge or tunnel close to the paddock area if possible.

24.4 basic guidelines for boundaryriders

At all times while riding the unit, the rider must: Be a signatory to the Vehicle-use

Indemnification form held in the Race Administration Office prior to receiving the keys to the unit, and comply with the conditions of the Indemnity Form at all times.

Wear a helmet provided by the rider for that purpose, to wear appropriate eye protection such as goggles or eye shield, and not carry any passenger who is not wearing a helmet.

Be in possession of a current Motorcycle License, or other approved license if appropriate.

Wear the uniform provided at the event, and in any case must have the arms and legs covered, and be wearing substantial footwear and gloves.

Remain in radio contact with Race Control at all the times specified.

Not allow any other person to ride the vehicle unless specifically authorized by the Secretary of the Meeting.

At all times comply with the “traffic rules” of the area you are riding in, including any tunnel restrictions that exist at the time (red light, one-way etc).

the passenger has to walk at times, so be it.

Your role is strictly NOT to be a chauffeur for any injured person. Any injuries must be brought to the attention of a trackside medical person, with the casualty being escorted to the medical team if necessary. A Doctor may, after considering the injuries, request that you assist the driver to get to the Medical Centre or some other place. In this circumstance, assist if you are able to. Competitors are fairly “unique” creatures of questionable behavior at times. Be courteous, but firm at all times when dealing with them. If they choose to accept your assistance, they go where you decide to go. You are in charge of the bike at all times.

24.3 relationship with Post Chiefs

Your Post Chief can direct you anywhere he chooses, but generally he will leave you to exercise your own options as long as you let him know your whereabouts. Check back with him regularly. When stationary, ensure that you are protected by barriers and debris fence at all times. Do not park where you may impede others in their duties. Your normal route anywhere will be along the Marshal Zone between the fences. Competitors picked up on the outside of the circuit

to be where they should be and paying attention. Each morning after the Briefing, meet with the other Boundary Riders as a team before proceeding to your designated area for the day. When you get to your area, check the boundaries for gates and weak points in the security. Check also for H&S hazards as well, and report any problems back to Race Control. Introduce yourself to Sector Marshals in your territory, and also to any security staff and gatekeepers in the area. Explain your duties to them so that they will more readily assist you when you are moving about.

24.2 role

Your primary function is to assist competitors who have been stranded around the circuit, to get back to the pits without delay. A secondary function will be to send reports generated from trackside to the administration office of the Secretary of the Meeting in the Paddock. You will also assist the Sector Marshals maintain security in the prohibited areas around the track, and to assist with the delivery of minor items around the track (such as reports, radio batteries etc.). Society says you must wear helmets while on your bike and that is a fact of life, even if others at the event appear not to worry. (We have no problem with reports on this). Likewise, you must respect speed limits, limited tunnel access, and no-access areas - if

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competitors and drivers, to ensure that they are properly licensed for the competition. This check will be carried out by the Scrutineers, or by the Race Administration officials.

25.3 scrutiny of all other Vehicles

All vehicles used for parades and demonstrations must be checked prior to going onto the track. This is primarily to prevent oil leaks and other liquid spills onto the track surface. This should include a check each day of all official and emergency vehicles.

26. Water rescue

The Water Rescue team is responsible for providing a rapid rescue/recovery service in the unlikely event that a vehicle crashes into the water during a session or race. Members may also be called on to assist the Police, Ambulance Service, Fire Services in the event of spectator rescue being required.

The team will provide a rapid rescue capability. The team therefore has to be fully prepared to take all reasonable measures to perform a timely and professional recovery, and therefore during all track activity the boat crews must remain vigilant.

platform - one team at the rear of the grid, one near the middle of the grid and one about three rows back from the front row of the grid.

These officials may not wear sunglasses or hats, or have loose items in their pockets that could be dropped on the track.

Each team shall have a nominated chief who will make decisions, unless the team is otherwise directed by a senior race official. Any stalled car must be pushed as soon as the field leaves the grid - if the car cannot be re-started, it must be pushed along the pit-wall to the central gate opening or the end of the pit lane wall just past the start line, then back into Pit Lane. If the car is near the rear of the grid, it may be easier to push it backwards to the vehicle gap before the start of the signaling platform.

25.2 support event scrutiny Support Event scrutiny is carried out by a separate team of Scrutineers, much of it in compliance with scrutiny requirements written in the category series regulations. Most categories will have their own technical expert as well, to assist the local Scrutineers, particularly in matters of eligibility.

Support Event scrutiny will also entail a check of the documentation of the

checkers will be required to remain in their allocated team’s garage from the end of the car’s qualifying session until 1830hrs on Saturday when the cars are impounded in the F1 Scrutiny garage, and again from 0800hrs Sunday (when they are released back to the teams) until pit lane is open for the start of the race. During the time cars are under the supervision of the Scrutineers, only specifically authorized work is permitted to be undertaken and then at all times under the close supervision of the Scrutineers.

Parc Ferme -from start of qualifying for each car until the car is taken to the Parc Ferme garage, it is deemed to be in Parc Ferme and the work that can be done on it is limited by regulations.

Immediately after the race, all cars must be taken to the Parc Ferme and impounded, until released by the FIA Technical Delegate. Cars stopping around the track must be guarded by a marshal until retrieved and taken to the Parc Ferme. Every person required to enter the Parc Ferme must have a specific pass for this purpose. No other person may enter the area while it is the Parc Ferme.

At the Start - an additional duty of the Scrutineers is the pushing-off of any cars stalled on the grid at the start. Three teams of four officials are established in pit lane by the signaling

are on the left or right of the track as a competitor driver would see it.

25. scrutineers

25.1 Formula 1

Scrutiny of F1 Grand Prix cars is carried out in the Pit Lane F1 garage and in their team garages. This is done under the direction of a FIA Technical Delegate, by the Chief Scrutineer and a team of Scrutineers who attend to the F1 cars and teams plus another team of garage Scrutineer/observers. this involves: Car Check before Practice - a safety check for seat belts, fire extinguisher marking, cut-out switch, etc. This is carried out in the individual pits, by a team of Scrutineers.

Tyre Allocation and Tyre Checks- Tyres will be allocated to each driver by the FIA, at the latest prior to initial scrutiny commencing. Checks will be carried out within the framework of the FIA 2009 Formula One Sporting Regulations.

Car Weighing - Checks will be carried out within the framework of the FIA 2009 Formula One Sporting Regulations.

The FIA Technical Delegate supervises the weighing and issues an appropriate statement after each session.

Garage Checks - Scrutineers and tyre

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APPenDIx 1

seCtor brIeFIng teMPlate

no

no

CheCk

CheCk

brIeFIng IteM

brIeFIng IteM

WeLCOMe to all of the team, and then introduce yourself, giving short details of background.

Reinforce role of Trackside Marshals is to maintain a safe competition area for the competitors, and to ensure the rules of the event are complied with.

each marshal is responsible for personal comfort & equipment Sun protection Noise protection Solid footwear Temperature & rain protection Reporting if medically unfit

General rules include: Always stand, facing oncoming traffic Keep an eye on all around- competitors, officials,

others No cameras or phone unless authorized by a

senior official On duty until stood down

trackside geography Location of toilets Location of fire protection Location of Medical assistance Location of senior marshals Location of spill kits- for fluid spills

restricted area Security Location of security fences and parameters of track

Passes required in the marshal post area. Assist security by checking passes and stopping people from being where they should not be.

1

1

CHeCK AttenDAnCe - sheet - first time around, have each official give brief background.

Instruct not to leave post unless permission given.

teAMS at SeCtOr - Flags, Communications, Track, Fire, Medical, vehicles. Emphasize overall team most important, then teamwork within groups - always back each other up. Check sufficient marshals to complete all teams & functions.

Each day, each team to check their equipment and report deficiencies. Each day, check pit lane & track in front for water, danger, fencing, spectators, other OHS items etc. Report back if a problem. Also report if conditions change during day or events

Recognize that medical teams not always track-wise. Discuss responses with them, and settle on procedures.

FOrM IntO GrOUPS at various locations allocated by Sector Marshal, group leaders nomination based on experience & known ability) and working

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4 7

8

9

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arrangements within group - hand signals, whistles. At post, check equipment and report deficiencies

At post, all to check area for water, danger, fencing. Spectators, etc. Report back if a problem.

FLAGS - run through flagging systems (including Digflag) & who does what

rADIO MArSHALS - should pass on messages to others (track open, delay on start, etc.)

Verbal Loop report on all incidents of any consequences. Race Control radio not normally used for this

Written report on all vehicles, barrier, or person contact, and all medical problems.

Include other risks in reports- oil, damaged fence, and spilt fuel.

SAFetY BrIeFInGReinforce track status ie Open & ClosedStand UpFace Traffic where possible (Flag marshals face each other) Stay behind barriers (debris & solid) unless necessary Minimum time in front of barriers if necessary. No smoking, phones, cameras.Flag signals to all vehicles.

On Open TRACK - move out and check track for debris & oil.

Take extinguisher, to accidents unless totally sure not needed.

Place Post equipment out of way.

At InCIDentS - Think before you leap, & check flags are displayed before entering track - GenerAL rULe - Count to 10. Take appropriate equipment to incident site - extinguishers, ropes.

Face oncoming traffic while standing or walking whenever possible. Watch out for each other. Never walk away with back to track.

Do not manhandle competitors after incident unless for their protection.

Competitors usually tense and defensive after incidents. Offer drink if available, helps develop communication.

Do not attempt to assist casualties except in a very general way - call for medical help.

Do not stand close to tow trucks or JCB Snatch vehicles while they are lifting.

Leave incident site when no longer required - do not stand around watching.

tIDIneSS - equipment, personal gear, rubbish - remember that area is in full view of all- must be tidy, and also APPEAR tidy, professional, safe.

Place equipment & personal gear where it will not trip anyone and where it will be secure.

COnFIrM InStrUCtIOnS FOr trACK InSPeCtIOnS - Marshal posts with no communications must watch & copy other posts during inspections.

nono CheCkCheCk brIeFIng IteMbrIeFIng IteM

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11

12

13

14

15

PerSOnAL SAFetY - Sunburn, Noise. Debris. Fire, wet weather, injury from jumping fences, manhandling race vehicles. Need to report injury or illness to senior. Detail location & arrangements for using toilets

CrOSSInG OF trACK - Only when given permission by I/0, Post Chief. Photographers the same, under marshal control.

enD OF DAY - meet again, debrief, report problems, assemble equipment, wait for transport or walk after being stood down

SPeCIFIC InFOrMAtIOn FOR SOME TRACKSIDE POSTS DIRECTING COMPETITORS OFF THE TRACK AFTER EVENTS

PArC FerMe - specific instructions for parc ferme activities.reD FLAG - specific actions to take when Red Flag used.

eQUIPMent required at Marshal Posts Flags - blue, yellow x 2, red & Yellow (oil), red,

green, White. Radios - for senior marshals and key positions. List of competitors Incident Report Forms - for reporting incidents. Minute by minute Schedules. Brooms, oil soaker, water - for cleaning fluid &

other spills. Fire Extinguishers Rubbish bins / bags

APPenDIx 2

PIt lane brIeFIng teMPlate

no CheCkbrIeFIng IteM

WeLCOMe- to all of team introduces self, deputy, and pit entry & pit exit, giving short details of background of each.

Reinforce role of Pit Marshals Team is to maintain a clear and safe working area for the competitors and other persons present, and to ensure the rules of the event are complied with.

each is responsible for personal comfort & equipment Sun protection Noise protection Solid footwear Temperature & rain protection. Reporting of medically unfit

General rules include: Always stand facing oncoming traffic. Keep an eye on all around - competitors,

officials, others. No cameras or phones unless authorized by a

senior official. On duty until stood down.

Pit Lane geography Location of toilets Location of fire protection Location of Medical assistance,

1

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5

Location of senior marshals. Location of spill kits - for fluid spills Location of Medical Centre

Pit Lane Security Location of security fences and parameters of

Pit Lane Passes required in Pit Lane Assist security by checking passes and stopping

people from being where they should not be. Pit walks - assist in control of such

CHeCK AttenDAnCe SHeet - first time around, have each official give brief background - experience, occupation.

Instruct all not to leave post unless permission given, and to report for Medical attention if unwell at any time.

teAMS In PItLAne - Marshals, Pit Exit, Statline, Communications, Flags, Fire, Medical, radar gun, Scrutineers, emergency vehicle crews.

Emphasize overall team most important, then teamwork within groups - always back each other up. Protect each other at all times. Trainees always under direct supervision from experienced marshals. Recognize that medical teams not always track-wise.

Inform various marshal teams of rosters for work-breaks.

Fire marshals to monitor pit stops and be prepared to respond quickly.

CHeCK sufficient marshals to complete all teams & functions.Each day, each team to check their equipment and report deficiencies.

Each day, check pit lane & track in front for water, danger, fencing, spectators etc. Report back if a problem. Also report if conditions change during day or events.

PIt MArSHALS, WHILe On nOrMAL DUtY - stand in line as directed, facing traffic at all times. Depending on instructions, this may be along centre line or against garage walls. Watch for crews & others crossing fast lane & warn if needed. Use whistles as a warning to others unless told not to. During race starts, no crew is allowed on

signaling wall for first lap. At other times, monitor numbers on signaling wall - remove excess persons. No children under 16 in pit lane, except under controlled Pit Walks.

No smoking in pit lane. No reversing of cars in pit lane - must be pushed backwards.

Speed limits apply to all vehicles in pit lane - race & official.

Solid supports must be placed under all race vehicles if crew working under vehicle.

No race vehicle may be worked on in the “fast lane”.

During pit walks, pit lane not accessible to competitors ¬still watch for traffic.

Watch for & stop all unsafe activities in pit lane - it is part of race track.

Monitor all official vehicles in Pit Lane, and give

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5 7

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warnings to them or to persons in Pit Lane as appropriate. Ensure recovery vehicles have plenty of space when unloading race vehicles. Watch for spilt fluids at this time. If concerned about mechanical problems, inform

Scrutineer. If concerned about possible fire, have

extinguisher ready and inform race team.

SenIOrS On rADIO - pass on messages to others (track open, delays on starts, changes to program etc.)

Report on all incidents of any consequence.

Provide a written report on all vehicles to vehicle, barrier, or person contact, and all medical problems - check with Sector Marshal.

Include other risks in reports - oil, damaged fence & buildings, spilt fuel.

ALL MArSHALS In PIt LAne - Watch for accidents IN Pit Lane and also on track alongside, and for debris as well.

Keep an eye on all other marshals, so as to protect each other.

Race Teams are responsible for cleaning up their own spilt liquids, and other debris from their activities. Watch pit stops closely, and ensure they do clean up properly.

At InCIDentS - Think before you leap, & check flags are displayed before entering track.

Take appropriate equipment to incident site - extinguishers, carry straps. Leave incident site when no longer required.Face oncoming traffic whenever possible. Watch out for each other.

Keep fast lane open whenever possible.

Do not manhandle competitors after incident unless for their protection. Competitors usually are edgy and defensive after incidents.

SAFetY BrIeFInGReinforce Closed TRACK- even in Pit Lane

Stand up & face where possible.

Stay behind barriers (watch for debris- parts & dirt) unless necessary.

Spend minimum time in front of barriers or in fast lane, only as necessary.

No smoking, phones, cameras.

Show flag to all vehicles – race & emergency.

On Open TRACK – move around and check track for debris & oil.

Assist recovery crews with recovery of race vehicles.Be careful when lifting or pushing heavy vehicles.

CROSSING OF TRACK- On permission of I/0 or Post Chief.

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notes


148

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eQUIPMent – required in Pit Lane Flags - yellow for pit lane & race starts Speed signs - into Pit Lane and out of Pit Lane Whistles - one for each marshal. Radios - for senior marshals and key positions Incident Report Forms - for reporting incidents. Minute X Minute Schedules. Brooms, oil soaker, water - for cleaning fluid & other spills.

Fire Extinguishers.

Photographers the same- should cross at Marshal Posts, or under control of marshals.

PerSOnAL SAFetY- Sunburn, noise, debris, fire, or cold weather, injury from jumping fences & when manhandling race vehicles.Wear protective glasses, gloves when handling hot material & sharp edges.Need to report injury or illness to senior- also physical limitations.Identify location & arrangements for using toilets.

tIDIneSS - equipment, personal gear, rubbish - remember that area is in full view of all- must be tidy, and also APPEAR tidy, professional, safe. Place equipment & personal gear where it will not trip anyone and where it will be secure.

COnFIrM InStrUCtIOnS FOr trACK InSPeCtIOnS. Marshal Posts with no communications must watch & copy other posts during inspections.

enD OF DAY - meet again, debrief, report problems, and assemble equipment, before being stood down.

rACe StArtS - give specific instructions for race starts- all on dutyPArC FerMe – Specific instructions for Parc Ferme activities.PIt WALKS - Specific roles during Pit Walks, and when Crews are entering or leaving Pit Lane.reD FLAG – Specific actions to take when RED FLAG used.

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Copies of these forms will be held by the Post Chiefs and the Incident Officers.All of the forms must be sent to the Administrative Office of the Secretary of the Meeting. During the event, those completing the forms can use the services of the Boundary riders.

APPenDIx 6

First aidbasic First aid – some basic Principles: Your own safety is paramount -

you can’t help anyone if you too are injured.

Stop and think before you act. Keep a crashed car between

yourself and oncoming traffic. Ensure no one is smoking near a

crashed vehicle. Deal with the fire first and try to

isolate the vehicle’s electrics Try to approach the driver from

their direction of vision Speak to the driver - their

response or lack of it is a key indicator to whether further assistances needed.

Pause and assess the situation before summoning help. Don’t grab a casualty and NEVER drag an unconscious casualty out of a

Smoke may affect visibility. What not to touch - e.g. shock

absorbers can burn, suspension arms can be razor-sharp, sharp metal which has been cut during extrication.

If not sure, ASK!!

APPenDIx 4

ForMUla 1 start Marshals’brIeFIng notes

These will be published prior to the event.

APPenDIx 5

ForMs CoMMonlY Used bYMarshals

In the following pages, the forms commonly used by Marshals are attached and these are:

Incident Report Form Major Incident Report Form Pit Report Form Incident Officer Personnel Sheet Event Feedback Report Form

wave and barrier movement during impact) stand well back.

Do not sit/stand with back to traffic.

Remain standing at all times the track is “closed”: for racing.

Keep constant lookout. Protect yourself from flying debris

in the case of any incident close to you.

Pre-plan your escape route before the incident.

Act immediately if another official shouts a warning.

4. on the track Be aware of track status. Flags, esp. yellow/red (rest

briefly). When to enter circuit during

incident (i.e. at direction of sector marshal, when clear).

LOOK first - speed of cars, other cars involved in incident, other marshals

No need to rush at the expense of safety.

While on circuit other cars may still be mobile - look out and minimize exposure (physical/time).

Use the “buddy system”- move in pairs and look out for each other.

Position stationary car between self and traffic (If room allows).

Fire risk - if in doubt ask fire marshal before approaching vehicle.

APPenDIx 3

PoInters For MedICal teaMsaFetY brIeFIng

1. general Safety first Environmental factors

(e.g. heat & sun) Medical, drugs and alcohol What to bring with you

2. the team Team approach to incident -

briefly how they all fit. Function of the Sector Marshal. Other marshals (briefly) Sector

/ Flag/Communications / Fire / Track / Recovery / Emergency Vehicles / Boundary Riders.

Race Control in charge, using regulations, procedures, and radio.

3. In the Marshal Zone Explain circuit vs. Marshal Zone. Position of equipment &

belongings. Do not stand within one meter of

a secondary barrier or between a primary and secondary blocks (i.e. where there are access gaps), unless your duties require you to do so.

Do not lean on barriers (shock-

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drive-through penalty: One of two penalties that can be handed out at the discretion of the Stewards whilst the race is still running. Drivers must enter the pit lane, drive through it complying with the speed limit, and re-join the race without stopping.

Flat spot: The term given to the area of a tire that is worn heavily on one spot after a moment of extreme braking or in the course of a spin. This ruins its handling, often causing severe vibration, and may force a driver to pit for a replacement set of tires.

Formation lap: A lap before the start of the race when the cars are driven round from the grid to form up on the grid again for the start of the race.

g-force: A physical force equivalent to one unit of gravity that is multiplied dur¬ing rapid changes of direction or velocity. Drivers experience severe G-forces as they corner, accelerate and brake.

gravel trap: A bed of gravel on the outside of corners designed with the aim of bringing cars that fall off the circuit to a halt.

grip: The amount of traction a car has at any given point, affecting how easy it is for the driver to keep control through corners.

Compound: Tread compound is the part of any tire in contact with the road and therefore one of the major factors in deciding tire performance. The ideal compound is one with maximum grip but which still maintains durability and heat resistance. A typical Formula One race compound will have more than ten ingredients such as rubbers, polymers, sulphur: carbon black, oil and other curatives. Each of these includes a vast number of derivatives any of which can be used to a greater or lesser degree Very small changes to the mix can change compound performance.

diffuser: The rear section of the car’s floor or under tray where the air flowing under the car exits. The design of the diffuser is crucial as it controls the speed at which the air exits. The faster its exit, the lower the air pressure beneath the car, and hence the more down force the car generates.

down force: The aerodynamic force that is applied in a downwards direction as a car travels forwards. This is harnessed to improve a car’s traction and its handling through corners.

drag: the aerodynamic resistance experienced as a car travels forwards.

or part of a tire, overheating. Excess heat can cause rubber to soften and break away in chunks from the body of the tire. Blistering can be caused by the selection of an inappropriate tire compound (for example, one that is too soft for circuit conditions), too high tire pressure, or an improperly set up car

bodywork: The carbon fiber sections fitted onto the monocoque before the cars leave the pits, such as the engine cover: the cockpit top and the nosecone.

bottoming: When a car’s chassis hits the track surface as it runs through a sharp compression and reaches the bottom of its suspension travel.

brake balance: A switch in the cockpit to alter the split of the car’s braking power between the front and the rear wheels according to a driver’s wish.

Chicane: A tight sequence of corners in alternate directions. Usually inserted into a circuit to slow the cars, often just before what had been a high-speed corner

Clean air: Air that isn’t turbulent, and thus offers optimum aerodynamic conditions, as experienced by a car at the head of the field.

car unless the risk presented by leaving them where they are is greater.

Look out for the quiet casualty. The more noise a casualty is making, the less problems they are likely to have. A conscious casualty who is speaking must be breathing.

APPenDIx 7

glossary

aerodynamics: The study of airflow over and around an object and an intrinsic part of Formula One car design. appeal: An action that a team takes on its drivers’ behalf if it feels that they have been unfairly penalized by the race officials.

ballast: Weights fixed around the car to maximize its balance and bring it up to the minimum weight limit.

bargeboard: The piece of bodywork mounted vertically between the front wheels and the start of the sidepods to help smooth the airflow around the sides of the car.

blistering: The consequence of a tire,

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the track working on the set-up of their cars in preparation for qualifying and the race.

Qualifying: The period on the Saturday in which drivers are allowed to set the best time they can. The fastest driver in qualifying takes pole position.

reconnaissance lap: A lap completed when drivers leave the pits to assemble on the grid for the start. If a driver decides to do several, they must divert through the pit lane as the grid will be crowded with team personnel.

retirement: When a car has to drop out of the race because of an accident or mechanical failure.

ride height: The height between the track’s surface and the floor of the car.

safety Car: The course vehicle that is called from the pits to run in front of the leading car in the race in the event of a problem that requires the cars to be slowed.

scrutineering: The technical checking of cars by the officials to ensure that none are outside the regulations.

shakedown: A brief test when a team is trying a different car part for the

except under the strict supervision of race stewards.

Pit board: A board held out on the pit wall to inform a driver of his race position, the time interval to the car ahead or the one behind, plus the number of laps of the race remaining.

Pit wall: Where the team owner; managers and engineers spend the race, usually under an awning to keep sun and rain off their monitors.

Pits: An area of track separated from the start/finish straight by a wall, where the cars are brought for new tires and fuel during the race, or for set-up changes in practice, each stopping at their respective pit garages.

Plank: A hard wooden strip (also known as a skid block) that is fitted front-to back down the middle of the underside of all cars to check that they are not being run too close to the track surface, something that is apparent if the wood is excessively worn.

Pole position: The first place on the starting grid, as awarded to the driver who lapped fastest during Saturday’s qualifying session.

Practice: The periods on Friday and Saturday mornings at a Grand Prix meeting when the drivers are out on

Marshal: A track official who oversees the safe running of the race. Marshals have several roles to fill, including observing the spectators to ensure they do not endanger themselves or the competitors, acting as fire wardens, helping to remove stranded cars/drivers from the track and waving flags to signal the condition of the track to drivers.

Monocoque: The single-piece tub in which the cockpit is located, with the engine fixed behind it and the front suspension on either side at the front.

oversteer: When a car’s rear end doesn’t want to go around a corner and tries to overtake the front end as the driver turns in towards the apex. This often requires opposite-lock to correct, whereby the driver turns the front wheels into the skid.

Paddles: Levers on either side of the back of a steering wheel with which a driver changes up and down the gearbox.

Paddock: An enclosed area behind the pits in which the teams keep their trans¬porters and motor homes. There is no admission to the public.

Pare Ferme: A fenced-off area into which cars are driven after qualifying and the race, where no team members are allowed to touch them

Installation lap: A lap done on arrival at a circuit, testing functions such as throt¬tle, brakes and steering before heading back to the pits without crossing the finish line.

Intermediate tire: A tire that has more grooves and a more treaded pattern than the dry weather tire, but less than a full wet-weather tire, and is used in mixed conditions.

Jump start: When a driver moves off his grid position before the five red lights have been switched off to signal the start. Sensors detect premature movement and a jump start earns a driver a penalty.

kers: Kinetic Energy Recovery system, used to stored energy to be used by the driver as a performance boost.

left-foot braking: A style of braking made popular in the 1990s following the arrival of hand clutches so that drivers could keep their right foot on the throttle and dedicate their left to braking.

lollipop: The sign on a stick held in front of the car during a pit stop to inform the driver to apply the brakes and then to engage first gear prior to the car being lowered from its jacks.

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NOTESAPPENDIX

notescom¬puters in the pit garage so that engineers can monitor that car’s behavior.

traction: The degree to which a car is able to transfer its power onto the track surface for forward progress.

turbulence: The result of the disruption of airflow caused by an interruption to its passage, such as when it hits a rear wing and its horizontal flow is spoiled.

tyre compound: The type of rubber mix used in the construction of a tire, ranging from soft through medium to hard, with each offering a different per¬formance and wear characteristic.

tyre warmer: An electric blanket that is wrapped around the tires before they are fitted to the car so that they will start closer to their optimum operating temperature.

Understeer: Where the front end of the car doesn’t want to turn into a corner and slides wide as the driver tries to turn in towards the apex.

Under tray: A separate floor to the car that is bolted onto the underside of the monocoque.

first time before going back out to drive at 100% to set a fast time.

sidepod: The part of the car that flanks the sides of the monocoque alongside the driver and runs back to the rear wing, housing the radiators.

slipstreaming: A driving tactic when a driver is able to catch the car ahead and duck in behind its rear wing to benefit from a reduction in drag over its body and hopefully be able to achieve a superior maximum speed to slingshot past before the next corner.

‘splash and dash’: A pit stop in the closing laps of the race when a driver calls in for just a few litres of fuel to be sure of making it to the finish.

steward: One of three high-ranking officials at each Grand Prix appointed to make decisions.

stop-go penalty: A penalty given that involves the driver calling at his pit and stopping for 10 seconds - with no refueling or tire-changing allowed.

tear-off strips: See-through plastic strips that drivers fit to their helmet’s visor before the start of the race and then remove as they become dirt.

telemetry: A system that beams data related to the engine and chassis to

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MAPSMAPS

APPenDIx 8

Communication

Yas Marina Circuit operates a dedicated track radio network that facilitates nine user groups, each group supports a vitally important area of responsibility for the safe operation and delivery of the circuit for Drivers and Racing.

Each user group is identified by a prefix and letter combination i.e. ES1 (Emergency Services One) and thereafter a specific call sign as illustrated below. For ease of track locational awareness, call signs have been grouped to Marshal Post numbers.

senior official (es-1)Alpha-1 Chief Medical OfficerAlpha-2 Deputy Chief Medical OfficerEcho-1 Clerk of the CourseEcho-2 Deputy Clerk of the CourseEcho-3 Assistant Clerk of the CourseEcho-4 Chief ObserverX-ray Medical CentreZulu Chief Incident Officer

Vehicles (es-1)Medical FIV Medic, One to FiveRescue FIV Rescue, One & TwoExtrication FIV KED One, Two, Three

Post no Post Chief (es-9) Incident officer (es-1) Medical (es-6)

1 Papa, One Yankee Mike, One 2 Papa, Two Yankee Mike, Two 3 Papa, Three Yankee Mike, Three Alpha, Three4 Papa, Four Yankee Mike, Four 5 Papa, Five Yankee Mike, Five 6 Papa, Six Yankee Mike, Six 7 Papa, Seven Yankee Mike, Seven Alpha, Six8 Papa, Eight N/A 9 Papa, Nine Yankee Mike, Nine Alpha, Nine10 Papa, One-Zero N/A 11 Papa, One-One Yankee Mike, One-One 12 Papa, One-Two Yankee Mike, One-Two 13 Papa, One-Three Yankee Mike, One-Three 14 Papa, One-Four Yankee Mike, One-Four Alpha, One-Four15 Papa, One-Five Yankee Mike, One-Five 16 Papa, One-Six Yankee Mike, One-Six 17 Papa, One-Seven Yankee Mike, One-Seven 18 Papa, One-Eight Yankee Mike, One-Eight 19 Papa, One-Nine Yankee Mike, One-Nine 20 Papa, Two-Zero Yankee Mike, Two-Zero 21 Papa, Two-One Yankee Mike, Two-One Alpha, Two-One22 Papa, Two-Two Yankee Mike, Two-Two 23 Papa, Two-Three Yankee Mike, Two-Three 24 Papa, Two-Four Yankee Mike, Two-Four 25 Papa, Two-Five Yankee Mike, Two-Five Alpha, Two-Five26 Papa, Two-Six Yankee Mike, Two-Six 27 Papa, Two-Seven Yankee Mike, Two-Seven Alpha, Two-Seven28 Papa, Two-Eight Yankee Mike, Two-Eight 29 Papa, Two-Nine Yankee Mike, Two-Nine 30 Papa, Three-Zero Yankee Mike, Three-Zero 31 Papa, Three-One Yankee Mike, Three-One32 Papa, Three-Two Yankee Mike, Three-Two

Alpha Papa, OnePIT LANE COVER Alpha Papa, Two Alpha Papa, Three

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CIRCUIT DEPLOYMENT MAP CIRCUIT DEPLOYMENT MAP

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CIRCUIT DEPLOYMENT MAP CIRCUIT DEPLOYMENT MAP

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NOTESNOTES

notes notes

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notes notes

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NOTES NOTES

notes notes

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