mary kelly quinn
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The importance and vulnerability of our small
stream network
Mary Kelly-Quinn, UCD. Email: [email protected]
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Almost 77% of the river network in Ireland comprises first and second order streams
Represented by just over 10% of sites in the EPA
monitoring programme
See: McGarrigle, M. (2014) Assessment of small water bodies in Ireland. Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 114B, 119-128. Special Issue on Small Water Bodies.
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Why consider small streams? Small stream capture considerable volume of water Influence water quality in downstream reaches Spawning and nursery area for salmonids
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Important in terms of catchment biodiversity. Up to 29% of aquatic macroinvertebrate species are unique to headwaters – function of stream heterogeneity
Support species common to further downstream
Number of taxa unique (blue)to each distance and common to various distances (Rivers Bilboa, Mulkear & Tar)
For more detail see: Callanan, M., Baars, J-R. & Kelly-Quinn, M. (2014) Macroinvertebrates of Irish headwater streams: contribution of catchment biodiversity. Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 114B, 143-162. Special Issue on Small Water Bodies
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Some headwater areas are species-rich & may in the future be extremely important sink populations.
From: Feeley, H.B. & Kelly-Quinn, M. (2012) An evaluation of local and regional diversity of benthic macroinvertebrate communities in two small regions of Ireland and their potential refugia for certain taxonomic groups. Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 112B, 1, 43-54.
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Stressors on small streams Particularly vulnerable to pollution Narrow channel – high land-water interface Low dilution capacity
Point & diffuse pollution Chronic & acute Multiple pressures
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April 10May 10June 10 July 10 Oct 10 Feb 11 May 11 July 12
MRP
(mg/
l)
Sampling period
G1
G2
G3
G4
G5
G6
Gortinlieve Catchment, Donegal Data from: Pathways Project 0.0
2.0
4.0
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8.0
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14.0
April 10 May 10 June 10 July 10 Oct 10 Feb 11 May 11 July 12
Nitr
ate
(mg/
l N)
Sampling period
G1
G2
G3
G4
G5
G6
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Lowland streams
Spring Summer Autumn Winter Spring
GoodModeratePoor Glen Burn Stream – Pathways Project
Nutrient & Sediment Inputs
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River Ow, Wicklow From: Hydrofor Report (J. Clarke)
Upland streams
Sites in west of Ireland – Hydrofor Project See: Feeley, H.B., Bruen, M., Blacklocke, S. Baars & Kelly-Quinn, M. (2013) Science of the Total Environment 443, 173-183.
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Richness
Abundance
Cha
nge
in w
ater
leve
l(cm
) 24th Oct. 2011
See: Feeley, H.B., Davis, Stephen, Bruen, M. Blacklocke, M. & Kelly-Quinn, M. (2012) Journal of Limnology, 71, 2, 309-318.
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Editors: M. Kelly-Quinn & J-R Baars Thanks to EPA for sponsorship
Available online December 10th
• Increase awareness • ‘Boots on the ground’ • Target research to address
knowledge gaps
Extent of Small Streams Risk Score monitoring in support of Characterisation and development of the WFD monitoring programme during 2005–2006.
Action needed