mass timber design guide - structurlam · the field. the work to build the model often takes three...

Penticton Lakeside Resort, Penticton, BC, Canada

Mass Timber Design GuideCrossLam® CLT | GlulamPLUS® | Mass Timber Building Systems

U.S. VERSION

U.S. Mass Timber Design Guide | INTRODUCTION 32 INTRODUCTION | U.S. Mass Timber Design Guide

At Structurlam, it’s been our goal for more than 50 years to innovate and

push the boundaries of our industry in order to create new limits of what it

means to build with wood. Through our experience in bringing buildings to

life, we’ve been proud to be part of developing and producing structures in

exciting and efficient new ways.

In fact, as the industry moved toward

concrete and steel in commercial buildings,

we stayed true to ourselves. We understood

the advantages of building with wood and of

laminating lumber into beams that could be

used in larger structures. We embraced new

technology, such as 3D modeling and robotic

machinery, to fabricate complete mass timber

packages. This allowed us to introduce wood

into buildings where it was never considered

in the past.

The result is an array of high-performance mass

timber structures that are environmentally

friendly, cost-effective and aesthetically

stunning. As the mass timber industry has

evolved, Structurlam has pioneered the use

of cutting-edge technology and systems to

bring your project from concept to reality.

From prefabrication of structural elements to

erection on-site, BIM modeling permits the use

of mass timber to be highly precise, efficient

and cost competitive.

By working with us, you’re always assured

engineering expertise and design efficiency that

reduces time and cost on-site. No job is too

simple or too complex, and we’ll always work to

help you build whatever you dream. So go out

there and be creative.

Beautifully engineered to change an entire industry.

Mica Heli-Ski Lodge, Mica, BC, Canada


Structurlam is more than a fabricator of the highest-quality engineered wood products. We operate at the front lines of innovation in mass timber design, engineering, 3D modeling and precision manufacturing. One of the biggest benefits with mass timber buildings as compared to other types of structures is the ability to prefabricate the entire structure. This saves precious time and money on-site because the installation process becomes more efficient. Since the 1990s, Structurlam has been leveraging state-of-the-art 3D modeling software to virtually construct each building before it is produced. Our team begins with the two-dimensional drawings and creates a 3D model. This model includes all of our components: GlulamPLUS®, CrossLam® CLT, steel connections and associated hardware. Virtual construction allows our highly-trained detailers to detect potential problems and prevent issues in the field. The work to build the model often takes three times longer than the actual time to produce the components, but it’s necessary for a smooth assembly process on-site.

Once the design work is complete, the model is used to create manufacturing lists for CrossLam® CLT and GlulamPLUS®. Shop drawings for beams, columns, panels and steel connectors are generated from the 3D model, and digital files are sent to our

CNC machines for fabrication. Finally, our 3D model is used to develop a material list for efficient purchasing of steel and hardware components. Loading diagrams are then created to optimize freight and assembly drawings are produced to provide instruction for quick and efficient installation.

Design teams who leverage our fabrication services receive aesthetically appealing buildings with optimized structural performance and rapid assembly; where every piece fits and no detail is missed. Because mass timber structures are relatively new, many of our first-time customers come to us with a concrete building already designed and ask us to offer an option with Structurlam Mass Timber solutions using GlulamPLUS® and CrossLam® CLT. While this is possible, it is always better to design with the structural system of choice. With CrossLam® CLT, optimum sizes are 7'10.5" x 40' and 9'10.5" x 40'. This is the best way to ensure an efficient design, optimal panel spans and layout and the most cost-effective structure.

Structurlam brings cohesion and coordination to project teams, facilitating success from design to installation.

Winner of 2016 Governor General’s Award for Architecture

TransportationFort McMurray Airport, F. McMurray, AB, Canada

Multi-FamilyVirtuoso, Vancouver, BC, Canada

HealthcareRonald McDonald House, Vancouver, BC, Canada

IndustrialBC Passive House Factory, Pemberton, BC, Canada

EducationalOkanagan College, Kelowna, BC, Canada

CommercialMission Office, Kelowna, BC, Canada

Winner of 2016 Governor General’s Award for Architecture

The Structurlam Advantage


CROSSLAM® CLT

Introduction - Structurlam ........................................................ 3

The Structurlam Advantage ..................................................... 4

Introduction - CrossLam® CLT .................................................. 8

Strengths of the CrossLam® CLT System .................................. 9

CrossLam® CLT Applications ................................................... 10

CrossLam® CLT Panel Characteristics...................................... 12

CrossLam® CLT Appearance Classification .............................. 13

The CrossLam® CLT Series ....................................................... 14

Table 1 - CrossLam® CLT Panel Layups ............................. 15

CrossLam® CLT Structural Panel Properties............................ 16

Table 2 - Allowable Design Capacities ............................... 16

Table 3 - Allowable Design Properties for Laminations .... 16

Table 4 - Floor Panel Load Table ....................................... 17

Table 5 - Floor Panel Load Table ....................................... 18

Table 6 - Roof Panel Load Table ........................................ 20

Table 7 - Wall Panel Load Table (Axial Loading Only) ....... 21

Table 8 - In-Plane Shear Loading Table ............................. 21

CrossLam® CLT Connection Details ......................................... 23

Floor to Roof Panel Joints ................................................. 23

Flat Roof to Beam to Wall Connections ............................ 24

Flat Roof to Wall Connections .......................................... 25

Angled Roof to Wall Connections ..................................... 26

Wall to Concrete Connections .......................................... 27

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) ....................................... 29

GlulamPLUS®

Introduction - GlulamPLUS® ................................................... 31

Manufacturing ........................................................................ 32

Sizes ..................................................................................... 32

Arches ..................................................................................... 32

Finishes.................................................................................... 33

Structural Design Values and Grades ..................................... 34

Storage, Installation and Handling .......................................... 35

Quality Assurance and Standards ........................................... 35

MASS TIMBER BUILDING SYSTEMS

Introduction - Mass Timber Building Systems ........................ 37

Design Development and Service Options ............................. 38

CrossLam® CLT and GlulamPLUS®, Mass Timber Fabrication ... 39

CrossLam® CLT Delivery, Storage and Handling ..................... 39

CrossLam® CLT Installation ..................................................... 39

CrossLam® CLT vs. Concrete ................................................... 40

Benefits of Building with Structurlam's Mass Timber Products ............................................................ 41

Mass Timber System Design Considerations .......................... 42

Structural Considerations of Multi-story Timber Buildings ..................................................................... 43

Post and Platform System ....................................................... 45

System Composition ......................................................... 45

Benefits ............................................................................. 46

Connections ...................................................................... 47

Typical Grids ...................................................................... 49

Post-Beam-Panel System ........................................................ 50


Benefits ............................................................................. 51

Connections ...................................................................... 52

Typical Grids ...................................................................... 52

Hybrid Light-Wood Frame ....................................................... 53


Benefits ............................................................................. 54

Connections ...................................................................... 55

Fire Design Principles ........................................................ 57

Acoustic Design Principles ................................................ 59

Acoustic Design Table ....................................................... 61

Structurlam Project Execution ................................................ 63

Design Development and Service Options ....................... 63

Detailing ............................................................................ 63

Fabrication ........................................................................ 63

Delivery, Load Planning and Handling .............................. 64

Installation ........................................................................ 65

References .............................................................................. 65

Table of Contents

This publication is intended as a guide for those intending to construct a mass timber building system using Structurlam CrossLam® CLT and GlulamPLUS®. While the material in this publication is believed to be technically correct and in accordance with sound practice at the time of publication, it should not be used without first obtaining professional advice with respect to the suitability of the system and the information herein for any given use or application. Structurlam Mass Timber Corporation neither warrants nor assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information contained herein, or for the suitability of CrossLam® CLT and GlulamPLUS® for any general or specific use or application. Structurlam Mass Timber Corporation shall not be liable for any information or representations contained in this publication solely by reason of their publication herein. Structurlam Mass Timber Corporation shall not be liable for any loss, damage or damages (including indirect and consequential damages) of any kind resulting directly or indirectly from the use of or reliance on this publication.

Carbon 12, Portland, OR , USA

U.S. Mass Timber Design Guide | CROSSLAM® CLT 98 CROSSLAM® CLT | U.S. Mass Timber Design Guide

CrossLam® CLTWhen it came to developing a CLT panel for the North American construction market, we wanted to

create something revolutionary. As a North American manufacturer, we understand the construction

process in our region and are uniquely suited to deliver solutions that serve it. So, we put our

decades of experience to the test and the result is CrossLam® CLT, our proprietary CLT panel built

specifically for North America using North American lumber. Engineered to be a direct replacement

for concrete, but significantly lighter, CrossLam® CLT can be used for floors, walls and roofs. It spans

two directions with precision and accuracy, is carbon negative and uses wood from only sustainably

managed forests. In fact, CrossLam® CLT opens the door to a new, ecological way to construct the

buildings of the 21st century.

When you conceive and design a project with CLT panels from the start, you can build truly efficient,

affordable and environmentally sound structures. The technical information in this guide is compiled

to support you in developing designs that specify CrossLam® CLT. If you have questions and need

help, let our qualified team of technical representatives and support staff help you specify the right

panel for your project.

LIGHT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

Life Cycle Assessment studies show that CrossLam® CLT has a lighter overall environmental footprint than other building materials. CrossLam® CLT also stores carbon and produces fewer greenhouse gas emissions during manufacture. The wood fiber used in CrossLam® CLT is traceable from certified forests to the consumer. FSC and SFI Chain-of-Custody Certifications are available from Structurlam should your project have this requirement.

STANDARDS

CrossLam® CLT is certified to meet the requirements of the Standard for Performance Rated CLT ANSI/APA PRG-320 and the APA Product Report PR-L314. These standards outline the requirements and test methods for qualification and quality assurance for CLT and are the same across North America.

CODE ACCEPTANCE

The 2015 International Building Code (IBC) and 2015 National Design Specification (NDS) recognize CLT as a structural system; however, it must be manufactured according to the ANSI/APA PRG-320 2012 Standard for Performance Rated Cross-Laminated Timber. The IBC approves the use of CLT in exterior/interior walls, floors and roofs for Type IV Construction and Chapter 10 of the NDS references design values, design equations and overall engineering design specific to the use of CLT. The Structurlam ICC-ES Report affirms “CrossLam® CLT panels comply with requirements noted in Section 2303.1.4 of the 2015 IBC for allowable stress design in accordance with IBC Section 2301.2(1) and Chapter 10 of the 2015 NDS.”

PREFABRICATION

CrossLam® CLT is manufactured with CNC machines in a factory environment where close tolerances and rigorous quality control are easily achieved. Our efficient CAD workflow ensures complete coordination between design, manufacturing and on-site construction.

STANDARDIZED SIZING

Building efficiencies are achieved when the project is designed from the beginning with standard CrossLam® CLT panel sizes such as 7’10.5” or 9’10.5” by 40’. This maximizes the utilization of CrossLam® CLT by reducing material costs and waste.

STRUCTURAL STRENGTH AND STABILITY

The CrossLam® CLT system is structurally comparable to steel and concrete but lighter. Projects utilizing the CrossLam® CLT system can have smaller, less expensive foundations and are ideally suited for poor soil conditions.

COST EFFICIENCY

Construction projects that leverage the CrossLam® CLT system achieve cost efficiencies through the combination of material and installation costs and the associated benefits of using a prefabricated system that is structural and architectural. The compressed construction schedule of a well-designed Crosslam® CLT system provides a less expensive option to steel and concrete. CrossLam® CLT can also be competitive with standard light wood framing systems in specific applications.

REDUCED CONSTRUCTION TIME

In comparison to concrete structures, CrossLam® CLT projects are installed in a shorter period of time due to the nature of prefabrication and dry materials. Mass timber components arrive on-site as a kit of parts, require less storage and can be shipped for just-in-time scheduling to facilitate quick assembly in dense urban areas.

Strengths of the CrossLam® CLT System

Architects and Designers can design with freedom.

Engineers receive a strong, stable building.

General Contractors receive a predictable experience on-site.

Owners receive a green building that is on budget

and on time.Earth Sciences Building, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada


FLOORS CrossLam® CLT panels are ideally suited for modern floor systems because they are two-way span capable and ship to site as ready-to-install components, greatly simplifying building construction and increasing job site productivity. Our expanded array of CrossLam® CLT products helps to ensure an optimized structural solution that allows you to install up to 400 square feet per lift.

ROOFS CrossLam® CLT panels easily provide overhanging eaves while efficiently spanning a variety of roof layouts. The enhanced thermal properties of CLT contribute to a much more efficient envelope assembly. Panels can be as thin as 3.43" and as thick as 12.42", resulting in a maximum possible roof span of 40' with appropriate loading. CrossLam® CLT roofs are quickly installed, allowing projects to approach lockup and a watertight state in a short amount of time.

WALLS CrossLam® CLT wall panels are cost-competitive alternatives to precast concrete systems. They are lighter than precast concrete and can be handled with greater ease. When used as a system, CrossLam® CLT wall and roof panels allow more flexibility and efficiency for all types of building design. As vertical and horizontal load-bearing elements, CrossLam® CLT panels extend the design envelope for industrial projects and allow designers to use one structural system for their entire project.

SHEAR WALLS AND DIAPHRAGMS CrossLam® CLT panels may be utilized as the lateral force-resisting systems for both wind and seismic loads. The white paper, Horizontal Diaphragm Design Example by Spickler, K., Close, M., Line, P., and Pohll, M., provides a design method to determine the strength of a CLT horizontal diaphragm and deflection due to lateral wind or seismic loads. Visit structurlam.com to download a copy of this white paper. More information about shear walls can also be found in the U.S. CLT Handbook.

CORES AND SHAFTS CrossLam® CLT panel cores and shafts erect quicker and easier than comparable steel and concrete designs while still providing lateral bracing. Elevator and stair shafts can achieve two-hour fire resistance ratings.

Mission Office, Kelowna, BC, Canada

Tall Tree Integrated Health, Victoria, BC, Canada

BC Passive House Factory, Pemberton, BC, Canada

Structurlam Mass Timber Corporation Factory Addition, Okanagan Falls, BC, Canada

Elevator Core Shaft

CrossLam® CLT Applications

Shoreline Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA


CrossLam® CLT Panel Characteristics

MAXIMUM PANEL SIZE: 9’10.5" x 40' (3000 x 12192 mm)

MAXIMUM THICKNESS: 12.42" (315 mm)

MINIMUM THICKNESS: 3.43" (87 mm)

PRODUCTION WIDTHS: 7'10.5" and 9'10.5" (2400 mm and 3000 mm)

MOISTURE CONTENT: 12% (+/-3%) at time of manufacturing

GLUE SPECIFICATIONS: Purbond polyurethane adhesive

GLUE TYPE: Weatherproof, formaldehyde-free foaming PUR

SPECIES: SPF, Douglas fir

LUMBER GRADES: SPF #2& Btr, SPF MSR 2100, SPF #3, Dfir #2& Btr Square Edge

STRESS GRADES: V2M1.1, V2.1, E1M4, E1M5

MANUFACTURING CERTIFICATION: APA PRG-320 Product Report PR-L314

DENSITY: 30.3 lbs/ft3 (shipping weight at time of manufacturing)

DIMENSIONAL STABILITY: Longitudinal and Transverse 0.01% per % Δ in MC. Thickness 0.2% per % Δ in MC

THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY: R value: 1.2 per inch (h·ft2·°F /Btu)

CO2 SEQUESTRATION: 37.4 lbs/ft³ (subject to local manufacturing and distances)

DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES

THICKNESS: 1/16" (2 mm) or 2% of CLT thickness, whichever is greater

WIDTH: 1/8" (3 mm) of the CLT width

LENGTH: 1/4" (6 mm) of the CLT length

SQUARENESS: Panel face diagonals shall not differ by more than 0.125" (3 mm)

STRAIGHTNESS: Deviation of edges from a straight line between adjacent panel corners shall not exceed 1/16" (2 mm)

VISUAL NON-VISUAL

INTENDED USE Where one or both faces are left exposed Where both faces are covered by another material

FACE LAYER - V SERIES SPF #2& Btr “J” Grade (Appearance Grade), Douglas fir (#2 Square Edge) SPF #2& Btr

FACE LAYER - E SERIES SPF MSR 2100 Square Edge SPF MSR 2100

SANDED FACE80 grit

Note: Final finishing prep work must be completed on-site, including cleaning and touch-up of panels

N/A

W

ALLOWABLE FIBER CHARACTERISTICS

SHAKE AND CHECKS Several up to 24” long, none through As per NLGA #2, SPF #2& Btr

STAIN Up to a max of 5% blue stain, heart stain allowedNote: E Series panels have no blue stain restrictions Allowed, not limited

KNOTS Firm & Tight (NLGA #2) NLGA #2

PITCH STREAKS Not limited Not limited

WANE ON FACE None Allowed

SIDE PRESSURE Yes None

SURFACE QUALITY

CrossLam® CLT Appearance Classification

SPF NON-VISUAL

SPF NON-VISUAL

SPF J-GRADE

DOUGLAS FIR


The V Series: Composed exclusively from #2& Btr structural lumber.

The E Series: Contains MSR E-rated lumber for all major strength direction layers. The lumber for the E series panels does cost slightly more, but it allows a thinner panel to span further. This is more cost effective in certain spans. However, it is important to note that E1 panels are not available with a visual grade or with a Dfir face layer. This panel is recommended for non-visual uses only.

The CrossLam® CLT Series

CrossLam® CLT Name Designations: EC - Elevator Core Panel RP - Roof Panel FP - Floor Panel WP - Wall Panel

CrossLam® CLT Name Convention

Panel Thickness in mmJ-1 : One Side SPF J Grade, Visual Grade

No Label : Non-Visual Industrial Panel

D-1 : One Side Dfir Lumber, Visual Grade

D-2 : Two Sides Dfir Lumber, Visual GradeJ-2 : Two Sides SPF J Grade, Visual Grade

V = V series : V2M1.1, V2.1E = E series : E1M4, E1M5

Grade Indicator

191 V RPJ-1 16

Panel Series Panel Finish Name Position#

No side pressure available and visual application not recommended.

Seco

ndar

y Sp

an

Primary Span

MIN

OR

STRE

NG

TH D

IREC

TIO

N (T

)

Normal Panel OrientationMAJOR STRENGTH DIRECTION (L)

Secondary Span

Prim

ary

Span

MA

JOR

STRE

NG

TH D

IREC

TIO

N (L

)

Spandrel Panel Orientation(only available in 105, 175, 245 and 315 panels)

MINOR STRENGTH DIRECTION (T)

Carbon 12, Portland, OR, USA

Table 1 - CrossLam® CLT Panel Layups

CROSSLAM® CLT SERIES GRADE FACE

LAYERS

MAJOR LAYER

(L)

MINOR LAYER

(T)

LAYER THICKNESS (in) PANEL DEPTH

(in)L T L T L T L T L

87 V

V2.1 SPF#2&Btr

J-Grade

Dfir L3

SPF #2& Btr

SPF #3& Btr

1.38 0.67 1.38 3.43

139 V 1.38 0.67 1.38 0.67 1.38 5.48

191 V 1.38 0.67 1.38 0.67 1.38 0.67 1.38 7.53

243 V 1.38 0.67 1.38 0.67 1.38 0.67 1.38 0.67 1.38 9.58

105 V

V2M1.1SPF #2& Btr

1.38 1.38 1.38 4.14

175 V 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 6.90

245 V 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 9.66

315 V 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 12.42

87 E

E1M4

MSR 2100 1.8E SPF

MSR 2100 1.8E SPF

SPF #3& Btr

1.38 0.67 1.38 3.43

139 E 1.38 0.67 1.38 0.67 1.38 5.48

191 E 1.38 0.67 1.38 0.67 1.38 0.67 1.38 7.53

243 E 1.38 0.67 1.38 0.67 1.38 0.67 1.38 0.67 1.38 9.58

105 E

E1M5SPF #2& Btr

1.38 1.38 1.38 4.14

175 E 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 6.90

245 E 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 9.66

315 E 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.38 12.42

L = Longitudinal Layer (Major Layer) Spandrel panels cannot be produced in any layups with 0.67" thick lamellas.

T = Tangential Layer (Minor Layer) Note: For 3D Modeling please use metric thickness in mm per the panel name, or exact decimal inches converted from the metric value.


Notes:1. Tabulated values are allowable design values and not permitted to be increased for the lumber size adjustment factor in accordance with the NDS.

2. The CLT grades are developed based on APA Product Report PR-L314. Please refer to specific grade layups for complete panel information.

3. The design values shall be used in conjunction with the section properties provided by the CLT manufacturer based on the actual layup used in manufacturing the CLT panel (see tables above).

4. Values are calculated per one-foot wide section of panel.

5. The panel weight is based on SPF lumber values in the 2015 NDS.

CLT GRADE

MAJOR LAYER

WEIGHT lbs/ft2

MAJOR STRENGTH DIRECTION MINOR STRENGTH DIRECTION

FbSeff,0(lbs-ft/ft)

Eleff,0(106lbs-in2/ft)

GAeff,0(106lbs/ft)

Mallow,0(lbs-ft/ft)

Vallow,0(lbs/ft)

FbSeff,0(lbs-ft/ft)

EIeff,90(106lbs-in2/ft)

GAeff,90(106lbs/ft)

Mallow,90(lbs-ft/ft)

Vallow,90 (lbs/ft)

V2.1

87 V 7.5 1444 56 0.5 1444 1220 37 0.4 0.30 32 240

139 V 11.9 3329 206 1.0 3329 1770 537 21 0.60 457 850

191 V 16.3 5917 503 1.4 5917 2290 1216 83 0.91 1034 1080

243 V 20.8 9212 995 1.9 9219 2800 2133 209 1.20 1814 1320

V2M1.1

105 V 9.0 2042 96 0.5 2042 1440 277 3.7 0.53 235 495

175 V 15.0 4701 366 1.1 4701 1980 2403 96 1.10 2042 1440

245 V 21.0 8315 906 1.6 8315 2500 5531 366 1.60 4701 1970

315 V 27.0 12896 1806 2.1 12896 3025 9782 906 2.10 8315 2470

E1M4

87 E 8.2 3465 72 0.5 3465 1220 37 0.4 0.38 32 240

139 E 13.0 7983 264 1.0 7983 1770 537 21 0.77 457 945

191 E 17.8 14183 645 1.5 14183 2280 1216 83 1.10 1034 1200

243 E 22.7 22075 1278 2.0 22075 2800 2133 209 1.50 1814 1460

E1M5

105 E 9.7 4900 123 0.5 4901 1430 277 3.7 0.66 235 495

175 E 16.1 11261 469 1.1 11261 1980 2403 96 1.30 2042 1590

245 E 22.5 19897 1161 1.6 19897 2500 5531 366 2.00 4701 2180

315 E 28.8 30837 2314 2.1 30838 3000 9782 906 2.60 8315 2750

CLT GRADE

MAJOR STRENGTH DIRECTION MINOR STRENGTH DIRECTION

Fb,0 (psi)

E,0 (106 psi)

Ft,0 (psi)

Fc,0 (psi)

FV,0 (psi)

Fs,0 (psi)

Fb,90 (psi)

E90(106psi)

Ft,90 (psi)

Fc,90 (psi)

FV,90 (psi)

Fs,90 (psi)

V2.1 875 1.4 450 1150 135 45 500 1.2 250 650 135 45

V2M1.1 875 1.4 450 1150 135 45 875 1.4 450 1150 135 45

E1M4 2100 1.8 1575 1875 160 50 500 1.2 250 650 135 45

E1M5 2100 1.8 1575 1875 160 50 875 1.4 450 1150 135 45

Table 3 - CrossLam® CLT Allowable Design Properties for Laminations (1)

Table 2 - CrossLam® CLT Allowable Design Capacities (1)

Structural Panel Properties

CROSSLAM® CLT SERIES

FLOOR LIVE LOAD (psf)

40RESIDENTIAL

50 OFFICE/CLASSROOM

75MECHANICAL ROOM

100ASSEMBLY/STORAGE

150LIBRARY

VIBRATIONDEFLECTION

L/240VIBRATION

DEFLECTION

L/240VIBRATION

DEFLECTION

L/240VIBRATION

DEFLECTION

L/240VIBRATION

DEFLECTION

L/240

SIN

GLE

SPA

N

87 V 10.58 12.33 10.58 11.95 10.58 10.56 10.58 9.71a 10.58 8.18a87 E 11.37 13.33 11.37 12.67 11.37 11.43 11.37 10.55 11.37 9.33

105 V 12.04 14.58 12.04 13.86 12.04 12.51 12.04 11.48a 12.04 9.69a105 E 12.93 15.77 12.93 15.00 12.93 13.54 12.93 12.51 12.93 11.07

139 V 14.65 18.68 14.65 17.81 14.65 16.15 14.65 14.49a 14.65 12.27a

139 E 15.75 20.17 15.75 19.24 15.75 17.47 15.75 16.19 15.75 14.41

175 V 16.78 22.24 16.78 21.23 16.78 18.93a 16.78 17.01a 16.78 14.45a175 E 18.01 24.01 18.01 22.93 18.01 20.88 18.01 19.38 18.01 17.28

191 V 18.30 24.65 18.30 23.56 18.30 21.10a 18.30 18.99a 18.30 16.16a191 E 19.65 26.58 19.65 25.43 19.65 23.21 19.65 21.58 19.65 19.29

245 V 20.98 29.30 20.98 27.81a 20.98 24.48a 20.98 22.12a 20.98 18.91a245 E 22.50 31.57 22.50 30.27 22.50 27.74 22.50 25.85 22.50 23.16

243 V 21.68 30.34 21.68 29.08 21.68 25.79 21.68 23.30 21.68 19.92

243 E 22.91 32.67 22.91 31.33 22.91 28.73 22.91 26.80 22.91 24.04

315 V 24.86 35.47a 24.86 33.49a 24.86 29.69a 24.86 26.95a 24.86 23.18a315 E 26.66 38.72 26.66 37.23 26.66 34.29 26.66 32.07 26.66 28.86

DO

UB

LE S

PAN

87 V 10.58 13.59a 10.58 12.62a 10.58 10.88a 10.58 9.71a 10.58 8.18a87 E 11.37 18.23 11.37 17.16 11.37 15.51 11.37 14.35 11.37 12.65a

105 V 12.04 15.98a 12.04 14.86a 12.04 12.85a 12.04 11.48 12.04 9.69

105 E 12.93 12.93 12.93 18.42 12.93 17.04 12.93 14.98a139 V 14.65 19.96a 14.65 18.61a 14.65 16.17a 14.65 14.49a 14.65 12.27a

139 E 15.75 15.75 15.75 15.75 15.75 17.43b175 V 18.93a 17.01a 14.45a

175 E

191 V 18.99a 16.16a

191 E

245 V 18.91a245 E

243 V

243 E

315 V

315 E

Table 4 - CrossLam® CLT Floor Panel Load Table, maximum span (ft)

Notes:

1. For structural panel properties - see page 16. Span table assumes dry service conditions.

2. CLT is NOT an isotropic material. Presented values must only be used for bending of panels in the major strength axis.

3. Spans shown represent distance between the center lines of supports and are to be used for preliminary design only.

4. Span table above includes panel self weight, plus 15 psf miscellaneous dead load.

5. Engineer to ensure that L/240 deflection limit is appropriate for intended use.

6. Spans are assumed to be equal for double span panels.

7. Total panel length is limited to 40 ft due to fabrication process.

8. Values in BOLD SHADING correspond to a span governed by allowable bending stress, allowable shear stress or by vibration.

9. Table values are to be used for preliminary design only.

10. Values for double spans include a 20 percent increase based on CSA 086-14.

11. Deflection L/240 is considered for total load.

a Represents governing value Mr and b represents governing value Vr

MAXIMUM VALUE IS 20 FTSpan is governed by maximum panel length of 40 ft.

Use max value of 20 ft or design as simple span using table values above.



FLOOR LIVE LOAD (psf)

40RESIDENTIAL

50 OFFICE/CLASSROOM

75MECHANICAL ROOM

100ASSEMBLY/STORAGE

150LIBRARY

VIBRATIONDEFLECTION

L/240VIBRATION

DEFLECTION

L/240VIBRATION

DEFLECTION

L/240VIBRATION

DEFLECTION

L/240VIBRATION

DEFLECTION

L/240

SIN

GLE

SPA

N

87 V 8.79 11.19 8.79 10.75 8.79 9.88 8.79 9.00a 8.79 7.75a87 E 9.44 12.11 9.44 11.64 9.44 10.71 9.44 10.00 9.44 8.97

105 V 10.17 13.26 10.17 12.74 10.17 11.72 10.17 10.65a 10.17 9.18a105 E 10.91 14.35 10.91 13.79 10.91 12.69 10.91 11.86 10.91 10.64

139 V 14.65 17.06 14.65 16.43 14.65 14.78a 14.65 13.46a 14.65 11.63a139 E 15.75 18.45 15.75 17.77 15.75 16.42 15.75 15.38 15.75 13.87

175 V 16.78 20.38 16.78 19.39a 16.78 17.35a 16.78 15.83a 16.78 13.71a175 E 18.01 22.02 18.01 21.24 18.01 19.65 18.01 18.43 18.01 16.64

191 V 18.30 22.64 18.30 21.62a 18.30 19.36a 18.30 17.69a 18.30 15.33a191 E 19.65 24.44 19.65 23.59 19.65 21.87 19.65 20.55 19.65 18.59

245 V 20.98 26.32a 20.98 25.05a 20.98 22.53a 20.98 20.65a 20.98 17.97a245 E 22.50 29.16 22.50 28.18 22.50 26.19 22.50 24.64 22.50 22.34

243 V 21.68 27.74a 21.68 26.39a 21.68 23.74a 21.68 21.75a 21.68 18.92a243 E 23.28 30.19 23.28 29.19 23.28 27.14 23.28 25.56 23.28 23.19

315 V 24.86 31.80a 24.86 30.35a 24.86 27.44a 24.86 25.24a 24.86 22.06a315 E 26.66 35.95 26.66 34.81 26.66 32.48 26.66 30.64 26.66 27.87

DO

UB

LE S

PAN

87 V 10.55 11.83a 10.55 11.17a 10.55 9.91a 10.55 9.00a 10.55 7.75a87 E 11.33 16.42 11.33 15.80 11.33 14.55 11.33 13.41a 11.33 11.54a

105 V 12.20 13.95a 12.20 13.18a 12.20 11.72a 12.20 10.65a 12.20 9.18a105 E 13.09 19.48 13.09 18.75 13.09 17.29 13.09 15.86a 13.09 13.67a139 V 17.58 17.51a 17.58 16.58a 17.58 14.78a 17.58 13.46a 17.58 11.63a139 E 18.90 18.90 18.90 18.90 18.90 15.67b175 V 19.39a 17.35a 15.83a 13.71a175 E

191 V 19.36a 17.69a 15.33a191 E

245 V 17.97a245 E

243 V 18.92a243 E

315 V

315 E

Table 5 - CrossLam® CLT Floor Panel Load Table, with 2" concrete topping maximum span (ft)

Notes:

1. For structural panel properties - see page 16. Span table assumes dry service conditions.

2. CLT is NOT an isotropic material. Presented values must only be used for bending panels in the major strength axis.


4. Span table above includes panel self weight, 20 psf for concrete topping, plus 15 psf miscellaneous dead load.

5. Engineer to ensure that L/240 deflection limit is appropriate for intended use.


7. Total panel length is limited to 40 ft due to fabrication process.

8. Values in BOLD SHADING correspond to a span governed by allowable bending stress, allowable shear stress or by vibration.


10. The non-structural flooring is assumed to provide an enhanced vibration effect on double spans. Values include a 20 percent increase.

11. Deflection L/240 is considered for total load.

12. For floors with concrete topping, where the concrete is applied directly to the CLT panel, weight of concrete is ignored in the calculation of vibration-controlled span limit, provided the area density

of the topping is not greater than twice the bare CLT floor area density.




Tall Tree Integrated Health Centre, Victoria, BC, Canada

Duke University, Durham, NC , USA



ROOF SNOW LOAD (PSF, UNFACTORED) 125% NON-SNOW LOAD

20 30 40 55 100 20

L/180 L/240 L/180 L/240 L/180 L/240 L/180 L/240 L/180 L/240 L/180 L/240

SIN

GLE

SPA

N

87 V 16.21 14.69 14.95 13.55 14.01 12.68 12.62a 11.70 9.91a 9.88 16.21 14.69

87 E 17.51 15.87 16.17 14.65 15.15 13.72 14.00 12.67 11.85 10.70 17.51 15.87

105 V 19.10 17.31 17.66 16.00 16.57 15.00 14.86a 13.86 11.72a 11.72 19.10 17.31

105 E 20.62 18.68 19.09 17.29 17.92 16.22 16.58 15.00 14.06 12.69 20.62 18.68

139 V 24.18 21.92 22.48 20.38 20.74a 19.18 18.61a 17.80 14.78a 14.78a 24.18 21.92

139 E 26.04 23.61 24.25 21.98 22.86 20.71 21.24 19.24 18.15 16.42 26.04 23.61

175 V 28.56 25.89 26.15a 24.16 24.05a 22.81 21.68a 21.23 17.35a 17.35a 28.56 25.89

175 E 30.76 27.87 28.76 26.05 27.19 24.62 25.34 22.93 21.74 19.65 30.76 27.87

191 V 31.51 28.57 29.00a 26.73 26.72a 25.27 24.13a 23.56 19.36a 19.36a 31.51 28.57

191 E 33.86 30.70 31.74 28.77 30.06 27.24 28.07 25.43 24.17 21.87 33.86 30.70

245 V 36.12a 33.60 33.02a 31.60 30.61a 30.00 27.81a 27.81a 22.53a 22.53a 37.07 33.60

245 E 39.84 36.11 37.54 34.01 35.67 32.31 33.44 30.27 28.96 26.19 39.84 36.11

243 V 38.09a 34.79 34.81a 32.72 32.26a 31.06 29.31a 29.07 23.74a 23.74a 38.36 34.79

243 E 37.32 38.79 35.16 36.88 33.42 34.59 31.33 30.00 27.14 37.32

315 V 39.24a 38.55 36.60a 36.60a 33.49a 33.49a 27.44a 27.44a315 E 39.55 37.23 35.91 32.48

DO

UB

LE S

PAN

87 V 17.55a 17.55a 15.59a 15.59a 14.17a 14.17a 12.62a 12.62a 9.91a 9.91a 18.30a 18.30a

87 E 19.79 18.56 18.93 17.16 15.31a 14.57

105 V 18.26a 18.26a 16.64a 16.64a 14.86a 14.86a 11.72a 11.72a

105 E 18.10a 17.29

139 V 18.61a 18.61a 14.78a 14.78a

139 E

175 V 17.35a 17.35a

175 E

191 V 19.36a 19.36a

191 E

245 V

245 E

243 V

243 E

315 V

315 E

Notes:1. For structural panel properties - see page 16. Span table assumes dry service conditions.

2. CLT is NOT an isotropic material. Presented values must only be used for bending panels in the major strength axis.


4. Span table above considers panel self weight and 10 psf for miscellaneous dead load. [Ref: International Building Code 2012 - art.1607.5].

5. Ponding or ceiling finishes may require higher deflection limits.

6. Engineer to ensure that deflection limit is appropriate for intended use.


8. Total panel length is limited to 40 ft due to the fabrication process.


10. L/180 is total load deflection limit; L/240 is snow load deflection limit.

11. For applications with deflection limits or loading different than what is indicated above, contact your Structurlam technical representative.

Table 6 - CrossLam® CLT Roof Panel Load Table, maximum span (ft)




Notes:1. For panel properties - see page 16.

2. Table assumes dry service conditions.

3. Pr =FcAparallelCDCMCTCP, where the Pr values are not given, the slenderness ratio exceeds 50.

4. The following factors were used for calculations: CD=1.0, CM=1.0, CT=1.0.


6. Eccentricity of axial load and wind loading has not been included.

7. Axial load table assumes outer laminations to be vertical.

8. For applications with loading different than what is indicated above, contact your Structurlam technical representative.

Notes:1. For panel properties - see page 16.


3. Table values for 87 V and 87 E are computed based on "In- Plane Shear Capacity and Verification Methods" by Prof. G. Schickhofer, University of Graz.

4. Other table values are based on the in-plane shear resistance test conducted by the Advanced Building Sytems Department at FPInnovations. The panels were tested according to the

test requirements of the ICC/ES AC455 acceptance criteria (Section 4.3) that refers to the method of ASTM D5456-14.

5. Values are for CrossLam® CLT panel only, not for shear connectors.

6. For applications with loading different than what is indicated above, contact your Structurlam technical representative.

Table 7 - CrossLam® CLT Wall Panel Load Table (Axial Loading Only)


87 V 87 E 105 V 105 E 139 V 139 E 175 V 175 E 191 V 191 E 245 V 245 E 243 V 243 E 315 V 315 E

Vr (lbs/ft)

10656 10656 15869 15869 15869 15869 23428 23428 23428 23428 23428 23428 23428 23428 23428 23428

Table 8 - CrossLam® CLT In-Plane Shear Loading

PR (kips) L (ft)

PANEL NAME

PANEL SIZE (in)

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30

87 V 3.43 36.80 35.13 30.69 23.28 16.77 12.32 9.34

87 E 3.43 58.64 54.15 43.26 30.61 21.62 15.81 11.97

105 V 4.14 37.07 36.24 34.36 30.52 24.81 19.31 15.06 11.95

105 E 4.14 59.35 57.21 52.11 42.94 32.92 25.04 19.38 15.33

139 V 5.48 55.94 55.17 53.58 50.51 45.09 37.78 30.63 24.79 20.26 16.79 14.10

139 E 5.48 90.04 88.15 83.99 75.83 63.41 50.55 40.04 32.08 26.11 21.59 18.11

175 V 6.90 56.13 55.73 54.98 53.72 51.65 48.36 43.64 38.03 32.52 27.69 23.66 20.35 17.64 15.41

175 E 6.90 90.52 89.56 87.69 84.39 78.84 70.53 60.57 50.93 42.69 35.96 30.56 26.20 22.68 19.79

191 V 7.53 74.88 74.36 73.40 71.80 69.18 65.02 59.00 51.69 44.37 37.86 32.39 27.88 24.18 21.13 18.60

191 E 7.53 120.83 119.61 117.24 113.09 106.11 95.53 82.51 69.64 58.48 49.33 41.94 35.98 31.14 27.18 23.91

245 V 9.66 75.05 74.78 74.30 73.56 72.47 70.90 68.66 65.50 61.27 56.13 50.54 45.06 40.02 35.57 31.69

245 E 9.66 121.26 120.62 119.48 117.65 114.87 110.73 104.73 96.66 87.07 77.11 67.74 59.43 52.26 46.15 40.96

243 V 9.58 93.76 93.37 92.68 91.59 89.96 87.55 84.05 79.12 72.72 65.41 58.01 51.16 45.10 39.86 35.38

243 E 9.58 151.48 150.57 148.90 146.19 142.00 135.62 126.42 114.50 101.28 88.42 76.91 67.02 58.66 51.62 45.69

315 V 12.42 93.93 93.73 93.37 92.84 92.10 91.09 89.75 87.95 85.57 82.46 78.50 73.73 68.39 62.82 51.62

315 E 12.42 151.90 151.42 150.58 149.31 147.49 144.95 141.45 136.69 130.35 122.36 113.06 103.14 93.34 84.16 75.84


Wesbrook Community Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada

CrossLam® CLT Connection Details - Floor to Roof Panel JointsStructurlam will work with your team to identify the most cost-effective connection system for your structure. The following details show typical connection details used in CrossLam® CLT buildings.

FULLY THREADEDTIMBER SCREW

ASSEMBLY TOLERANCE GAP

BUTT JOINT CONNECTION

SPLINE CONNECTION

TOLERANCE GAP

PARTIALLY THREADEDTIMBER SCREW OR NAILS

TOLERANCE GAP

HALF LAP CONNECTION

TOLERANCE GAP

PARTIALLY THREADEDTIMBER SCREW

FULLY THREADEDTIMBER SCREWFOR SHEAR REINFORCE-MENT ONLY

TOLERANCE GAP


FULLY THREADED SHEAR PLANE SCREW

RICON/MEGANT STYLE CONNECTOR

CLT PANEL AND THROUGH BEAM ROOF CONNECTION

CLT WALL AND FLOOR CONNECTION

CLT HOLD DOWN CONNECTION

DUCTILE HOLD DOWN WITH LARGE CONNECTION TOLERANCES

SILL PLATE

ANCHOR ROD

HIGH FORCE HOLD DOWN CONNECTION

Flat Roof to Wall Connections

PARTIALLY THREADED TIMBER SCREW



Roof to Beam to Wall Connection

FLOOR LEDGER CONNECTION

LEDGER BLOCK

SELF-TAPPING MASONRY SCREW

SILL PLATE

CONCRETE HOLD DOWNPost installed on-site to suit conditions. Allow tolerance for leveling sill plate or grout.

ANCHOR BOLT

HIDDEN KNIFE PLATE CONNECTION

Flat Roof to Beam to Wall Connections






FULLY THREADED TIMBER SCREW

ANGLED ROOF TO WALL CONNECTION

PRE-ENGINEERED L BRACKET

PLATFORM FRAMED WALL AND FLOOR CONNECTION

EWP

GROUT

SELF-TAPPING MASONRY SCREW ANCHOR BOLT

EWP SILL LEVELLING PLATE

NAIL CLIP & SPIRAL SHANK NAIL ARRAY

NAIL TYPE CLIP CONNECTORS

Angled Roof to Wall Connections







ANCHOR BOLT GROUT &/OR SILL PLATE

CLT TO CONCRETE BEARING CONNECTION

TOLERANCE GAP

DRAG STRAP

SITE WELD L ANGLE

NELSON STUDS

CLT TO CONCRETE WALLS OR CORE

THREADED ROD THROUGH BOLTS

KNIFE PLATE

THREADED ROD CONNECTIONS

BEARING SURFACE

CLT PANEL TO COLUMN

Wall to Concrete Connections


Duke University, Durham, NC, USA

Mica Heli-Ski Lodge, Mica, BC, Canada

Crosslam® CLT Frequently Asked Questions

WHERE IS CLT REFERENCED IN THE BUILDING CODE?

CLT is now included as a structural system in both the 2015 International Building Code (IBC) for Type IV Construction (Heavy Timber) and the 2015 National Design Specification (NDS) for Wood Construction. Chapter 10 of the NDS applies to CLT manufactured to ANSI/APA standards which states “CLT shall be manufactured in accordance with ANSI/APA PRG-320 2012 Standard for Performance Related Cross Laminated Timber.”

CAN CLT SPAN IN TWO DIRECTIONS?

CLT is manufactured to span in two directions. The unique structural properties of CrossLam® CLT give it strength in both major and minor axis directions. The minor strength span direction needs to be calculated separately as CLT is not isotropic.

HOW ARE PANELS CONNECTED?

There are a variety of connection systems for CLT panels that provide excellent engineering solutions and are fast and simple to use on the job site. Please refer to pages 23-27 in the CrossLam® CLT Design Guide for more connection information.

CAN WE RUN MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL AND PLUMBING (MEP) THROUGH THE CLT PANEL?

Unlike concrete, the installation of MEP services is easy when building with CLT panels. Services can be field located on-site and cut with power tools by the installer. Should MEP services need factory prefabrication, locations must be determined during the shop drawing phase before manufacturing of CLT begins. This information must be provided to Structurlam in a fabrication-level 3D model with solid opening volumes to be cut out of the CLT model.

CAN ALL CROSSLAM® CLT PANELS BE USED IN VISUAL APPLICATIONS?

No. E1 panels are not available with a visual grade or with a Dfir face layer. They cannot be used in visual applications in standard visual applications, but can be used understanding their lower-quality grading requirement. Spandrel panels do not have edge pressure on the laminations and are not tight at time of manufacture. They cannot be used for visual applications.

WHAT IS THE INSULATION VALUE OF CLT?

The insulation value of CLT is as follows:

• R Value: 1.2 per inch (h·ft2· °F/Btu)

CLT also has significant thermal mass acting as a thermal battery for both heating and cooling loads.

CAN WE USE CLT IN EXTERIOR APPLICATIONS?

The 2015 NDS states that CLT must only be used in dry service conditions where the moisture content in service is less than 16 percent. Soffits usually meet this requirement.

CAN CLT BE USED IN SOFFIT APPLICATIONS?

A soffit application is considered to be a dry service application, so this is an acceptable detail for CrossLam® CLT. Be sure to detail the ends of the panels with protective fascia and metal flashing materials to protect CLT from the elements.

CAN WE EXPOSE THE PANEL EDGE?

It is permissible to expose the CrossLam® CLT panel edge when used in an interior dry service application. It is not permissible to expose the panel edge in an exterior application detail. See FAQ #8. Edge sealer can be supplied as a recommended additional surface protection.

WHAT ARE THE FIRE RESISTANCE RATINGS OF CLT?

Please see Chapter 8 - Fire Performance of Cross Laminated Timber Assemblies in the U.S. CLT Handbook published by the American Wood Council and FPInnovations. When used with glues compliant with PRG-320 2018 or newer CLT has the same fire protection properties as solid wood. FRR is primarily a function of the moment capacity of the panel based on load and span.

WHAT ARE THE ACOUSTIC RATINGS - STC, IIC, FSTC AND FIIC FOR CLT?

Currently, all assemblies are calculated according to the specific application. Please see Chapter 9 - Sound Insulation in the U.S. CLT Handbook published by the American Wood Council and FPInnovations. Page 61 of this guide contains possible demonstration sample values for CLT assembly acoustic performance.

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U.S. Mass Timber Design Guide | GLULAMPLUS® 3130 CROSSLAM® CLT | U.S. Mass Timber Design Guide

CAN CLT BE USED IN SHEAR WALL APPLICATIONS?

Yes. Shear walls and diaphragms must be designed in accordance with ANSI/AWC SDPWS-2015, Special Design Provisions for Wind and Seismic.

CAN CLT PANELS BE USED AS A VAPOR BARRIER?

The U.S. CLT Handbook Chapter 10 states that CLT panels may meet requirements for both vapor retarders and vapor barriers. These findings are subject to the thickness of CLT, properly sealed connections and lifelong movement of wood products.

CAN OTHER BUILDING MATERIALS BE APPLIED TO CROSSLAM® CLT PANELS?

Yes, but not during the CLT manufacturing process. Foam insulation, butyl peel and stick membranes (blue-skin), drywall, acoustic materials and many other building materials can be applied to CrossLam® CLT panels in a post-manufacturing environment.

CAN COATINGS BE APPLIED TO CROSSLAM® CLT?

Yes. Coatings are field applied. Coatings are NOT applied to CrossLam® CLT during manufacturing.

DO YOU APPLY SEALER TO THE EDGE OF THE CROSSLAM® CLT PANELS TO PREVENT CHECKING?

Applying a sealer to the end of CrossLam® CLT panels is not a standard practice as it can affect other coating and finishing systems. However, if desired, Structurlam does offer this service at an additional cost.

IS YOUR CROSSLAM® CLT PANEL EDGE-GLUED?

No. Structurlam does not edge-glue CrossLam® CLT panels. Our state-of-the-art press technology has an edge pressure system to minimize gaps between the lamellas. This system also controls face checking on CrossLam® CLT panels.

CAN WE DO OUR OWN SHOP DRAWINGS?

Yes, you can do your own shop drawings. Structurlam can provide design standards that are compatible with our manufacturing requirements. We accept single piece shop drawings as well as the following file formats: IFC, STP, STL or 3dz (CadWork).

IS TRUCKLOAD SEQUENCING AVAILABLE BEFORE SHIPPING TO THE JOB SITE?

Truckload sequencing is an added service that we offer. It is recommended for projects in urban areas where a staging area is not available. Load sequencing must be requested during the shop drawing process.

DOES STRUCTURLAM OFFER A WARRANTY ON PANELS?

Yes, warranty information can be found in the Structurlam Sales Terms & Conditions. Please refer to our website or contact your local Structurlam Mass Timber specialist.

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Structurlam GlulamPLUS® uses the highest-quality, sustainably-harvested, interior-grown Douglas fir

fiber, coupled with clear adhesive and a hand-sanded finish to create North America's most beautiful

glulam beams and columns. Combined with a wide size range, stringent QC process, CNC framing

to exacting tolerances and other time-saving options like factory installed connections and factory

applied stain, GlulamPLUS® beams and columns stand above all others.

In the last few years, glulam has become a key component as the backbone of mass timber

structures. One of the greatest advantages of GlulamPLUS® is that it can be manufactured in a wide

range of shapes, sizes and configurations to match your vision.

The strength and beauty of GlulamPLUS® allow you to expose the bones of your building. Our

customers typically incorporate these structural elements as a high-grade visual component in

impressive applications, such as vaulted ceilings and soaring open spaces. GlulamPLUS® beams and

columns, when combined with mass timber systems such as CrossLam® CLT floors and roof decks,

can be a key component of an earth-friendly building that offers a beneficial indoor environment.

Structurlam has a long history of developing project delivery systems to help ensure your project

is delivered on time and in full. GlulamPLUS® allows your project to be erected quicker on-site,

producing an economic and beautiful structure made from sustainable material.

This guide was created to help you design and specify GlulamPLUS® for your project. If you have any

questions, please reach out to our qualified team of technical Mass Timber Specialists and support

staff to help you complete your project.

Duke University, Durham, NC, USA

GLULAMPLUS® ADVANTAGES:

• North American code approved

• Range of shapes and sizes

• Superior wood fiber and appearance

• Hand-sanded, high-quality finish

• Prefabricated kit of parts, CNC-framed to tight tolerances

• Top-notch project delivery experience

• BIM modeling options

• Shop-assembled connections

• Rigorous quality control processBallard Library, Seattle, WA, USA

®

U.S. Mass Timber Design Guide | GLULAMPLUS® 3332 GLULAMPLUS® | U.S. Mass Timber Design Guide

MANUFACTURING/FIBER

Fiber: Interior Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca)

Glue: Melamine (standard) or Phenol Resorcinol (optional)

FSC Certification: Available upon request (Additional costs may apply)

SFI Certification: Available upon request (Additional costs may apply)

Moisture Content: 7%-15%

Density: 34 lbs/ft3, 560 kg/m3

Certifications: ANSI/AITC 190.1, ANSI 117, CSA 0122, CSA-0177 and JAS program for glulam

AVAILABLE SIZES

Max length standard: 60’ (18.3 m)

Max length specialty: 110’ (33.5 m)

Max depth standard: 48” (1219 mm)

Max depth specialty: 96” (2438 mm)

Minimum depth: 4.5” (114 mm)

INDUSTRIAL FINISH WIDTH ARCHITECTURALFINISH WIDTH

NOMINAL SIZE IMPERIAL (IN) METRIC (MM) IMPERIAL (IN) METRIC (MM)

2x4 3 1/8 79 3 1/8 76

2x6 5 1/8 130 5 1/8 127

2x8 6 7/8 175 6 3/4 170

2x10 SL 8 5/8 219 8 1/2 216

2x12 SL 10 3/8 263 10 1/4 260

2x14 SL 12 3/8 314 12 1/4 311

2x16 SL 14 3/8 365 14 1/4 362

2x18 SL 16 406 15 7/8 403

Note: Industrial-sized members are industrial visual quality. They also carry industrial framing tolerances and are not squared to the same accuracy as architectural finish members. Mass timber packages with specialty steel connections or pre-engineered connections must be quality finish and 1/4" (6.4 mm) undersized in width to properly fit on-site. GlulamPLUS® depth will also be undersized by 1/2" (13 mm) for architectural quality or tight tolerances for pre-framed applications.

SFI-01726

LAMINA THICKNESS TANGENT ENDS MINIMUM CURVED END MINIMUM

IMPERIAL (IN) METRIC (MM) RADII (FT) RADII (M) RADII (FT) RADII (M)

1.50 38 27.6 8.4 35.4 10.8

0.75 19 9.2 2.8 12.5 3.8

Arches

Note: Any arch within 3 ft (1 m) radii of the minimum radii is subject to substantial spring back and will not exhibit perfect geometry. Talk to your technical sales representative for more information.

GlulamPLUS® has the ability to be formed into many unique and complex shapes, resulting in stunning structures that tame complex geometry to their form. Structurlam's GlulamPLUS® arches are custom made for each project and available in a variety of formats. Arched Structurlam members are unique to glulam and provide a significant advantage over steel or concrete alternatives.

ARCHITECTURAL

Members may contain natural growth characteristics allowed in specified grades of lamstock. Sides shall be planed to specified dimensions and sanded smooth. Tight knots and stain are permitted to appear on finished surface. Loose knots, knotholes, wane and pitch pockets shall be replaced with sound stock or non-shrinking waterproof filling material (wood putty).

INDUSTRIAL

Members may contain natural growth characteristics allowed in specific grades of lamstock. Sides shall be planed true to specified dimensions. Occasional planing misses are permitted. Wood inserts and filling are not required.

Finishes

Shane Homes YMCA at Rocky Ridge, Calgary, AB, Canada

U.S. Mass Timber Design Guide | GLULAMPLUS® 3534 GLULAMPLUS® | U.S. Mass Timber Design Guide

Structural Design Values and Grades

ALLOWABLE STRESSES (PSI)

COMBINATION TEN./ FBX COMP./ FBX FVX EX EC// EC1 FT

Unbalanced Layups

EWS 24F-V4/DF 2400 1850 265 1.8 x 106 1650 650 1100

Balanced Layups

EWS 24F-V8/DF 2400 2400 265 1.8 x 106 1650 650 1100

COLUMN LAYUP DESIGNATIONS AND DESIGN STRESSES* (PSI)

SPECIES AND LAYUP COMBINATION LAM GRADE FC E FBX FBY FVX FVY

DF – Comb. No. 2 12 1900 1.7 x 106 1700 1800 240 210

* All stress values are in psi and assume 4 or more laminations (up to 15 inches) without special tension laminations. Numerous other species and layup combinations are available. See Glulam Design Properties, Form Y117, for more information.

* SOURCE ANSI 190.1

* SOURCE ANSI 190.1

SOURCE APA: The Engineered Wood Association

CAMBER STANDARDS:

Four standard cambers are available. Any cambers falling outside these standards are custom processed and carry additional fabrication costs as arches. Standard cambers carry no additional costs. Camber cannot be used with complex multi-point connection or pre-engineered tight tolerance connections. Cambers should only be used when simple bucket or knife plate connections are used on each end of the beam.

Camber 1: Radius 1310'




L = Span (ft.)

= Camber (in.)R = Radius of curvature (ft.)

Cambered Beam

BEAM CAMBER PARAMETERS

Telus Gardens, Vancouver, BC, Canada

QUALITY ASSURANCE AND STANDARDS

Structurlam provides glulam products that meet the current ANSI/APA190.1 and Japanese standards through daily QC testing, bimonthly third-party audits and annual internal reviews. However, QC is applied to a lot more than just the products we make and the standards they are made to. It is also performed in all aspects of our Mass Timber packages as our Quality Assurance and Product Application Assurance (PAA) systems. The finished products all have a Quality Assurance process to ensure that what has been included in the 3D model perfectly matches what is sent to site. This includes QC checks when creating the model and multiple steps as the product is manufactured.

DETAILS

Our GlulamPLUS® package incorporates full 3D BIM modeling that is required for our precise CNC machines to frame the glulam. This fully framed glulam is test fit with steel connections typically supplied by Structurlam for mass timber to mass timber connections. This ensures a quick and simple installation on-site reducing risks and unknowns.

FINISHES

Wood finishes are a necessary component of preserving your products at the most critical phase of service. Bare wood products highlight the natural beauty of wood, as wood behaves as the natural material it is, by checking, swelling and changing color over time. GlulamPLUS® beams and columns are coated with a standard sealer, which, in addition to proper efforts for storage and handling during construction, can help to account for these factors.

Storage and Handling of GlulamPLUS® Building Products

U.S. Mass Timber Design Guide | MASS TIMBER BUILDING SYSTEMS 3736 GLULAMPLUS® | U.S. Mass Timber Design Guide

Elk Country Visitors Center

Mass Timber Building SystemsThe future of multi-story commercial and residential building is here and it's made from an organic

compound that is as strong as steel, sequesters carbon dioxide and is 100 percent renewable. Nature's

carbon fiber engineering dream, Wood, is the material of the future. For more than five decades,

Structurlam has been at the forefront of engineered timber, developing systems that include products

and components like CrossLam® CLT and GlulamPLUS®, making mass timber structures possible.

Structurlam is more than a fabricator of high-quality engineered wood products and building systems:

We’re an innovator of mass timber design, engineering, 3D modeling and precision manufacturing.

By applying these technologies to wood—the only renewable structural material available—you can

prefabricate your entire project. This saves precious time and money on-site, mitigating design risks and

accelerating construction schedules. That is a benefit you won’t see with any other building material.

The technical information presented in this guide describes a variety of structural systems commonly

used in the construction of mass timber buildings and is intended to guide architects, engineers,

designers, contractors and developers in their designs. For further guidance and expertise, please

contact our qualified team of technical representatives and support staff. We would be happy to be

of further assistance to your project.

SOURCE APA: The Engineered Wood Association

WEATHER CONDITIONS

Glulam beams, columns and arches are susceptible to adverse weather conditions and precautions must be taken to protect them. Rain and moisture will cause staining of glulam members. If bolts are used with steel connections, ensure they are free of oil. Otherwise this will cause staining. Using galvanized bolts and connectors will prevent this. Any unprotected structural steel that can rust could also drip onto the glulam members and cause staining. Ensure the protective poly is kept on the glulam members until the roof is installed.

SUDDEN APPLICATION OF HEAT

Sudden application of heat to buildings can rapidly change the moisture content of glulam beams, columns and arches, producing an adverse affect on the structural integrity and cause adverse checking to glulam building products. It is important that care is taken during transit, storage and throughout all stages of construction to avoid rapid changes in the moisture content of glulam building products. Ambient building temperature should be gradually increased in the structure over a two- to three-week period, up to normal temperatures. This will ensure a gradual change in the moisture content of the glulam building products. The slower the moisture content in the wood equalizes with the moisture content in the air, the better. It is important to not direct any forced air heating systems onto the glulam structural members. Regulate all heating units remembering that hot air rises and temperatures at the ceiling can reach much higher temperatures where glulam structural members are often located. Adequate venting should also be provided to maintain normal relative humidity in the building and monitor if necessary. It is recommended to apply the final finish to the glulam member before heat is applied as this will help to regulate the change in moisture content.

CHECKING

Checking is a natural occurrence in glulam and is due to dimensional changes and the internal release of fiber stresses as the wood takes on or expels moisture from the ambient air humidity. If you believe excessive checking is occurring, please consult your Structurlam representative. Allowing for gradual acclimation to the relative environmental conditions to ensure slow humidity changes during construction, occupation and throughout the building's service life can help to mitigate checking.

CHECKING

In bending members (beams, rafters, girders, etc.), checks are commonly observed in the face of the bottom lamination, in the side of the members and at the end of the members.

End face

Side face

Bottom face

End check

Side check

Bottom check

UBC Brock Commons, Vancouver, BC, Canada

U.S. Mass Timber Design Guide | MASS TIMBER BUILDING SYSTEMS 3938 MASS TIMBER BUILDING SYSTEMS | U.S. Mass Timber Design Guide

CrossLam® CLT Installation

CrossLam® CLT Delivery, Storage and Handling

Structurlam takes every reasonable precaution to protect your mass timber package components during shipment by wrapping panels in 100 percent recyclable plastic. However, when not properly handled and protected, panels and beams are subject to surface marring and damage, water staining, sun damage and checking. We recommend you follow the guidelines outlined in our CrossLam® CLT and GlulamPLUS® Storage and Handling Guide available on our website or through our office.

Detailed pre-construction planning can help to ensure installation of CrossLam® CLT is easy, safe and efficient. Depending on the project site, we recommend that sufficient space be available to:

• Prepare panels or GlulamPLUS® system for installation

• Re-sort panels according to the install sequence

• If required, apply treatments

• If required, add on-site hardware

Truckload sequencing is a standard feature of the Structurlam Mass Timber package. The exact sequencing is established during the shop drawing process. In order to maintain safe shipment, some panels may be delivered out of sequence in order to properly balance the load. Please contact our office to learn more about truckload sequencing. All lifting equipment, rigging and hoisting devices are designed by the installer's erection engineer taking into account all site conditions.

CrossLam® CLT and GlulamPLUS®, Mass Timber Fabrication

Structurlam’s Mass Timber package is fabricated using the latest 3D modeling software. Data is transferred directly to our CNC machines —the most sophisticated milling machinery in North America, allowing us to achieve tight fabrication tolerances.

CrossLam® CLT projects begin with your drawings , from which we develop a 3D BIM model that is used to design panels and connectors. Our model also allows our experts to identify

optimized design alternatives to increase constructability and reduce overall costs. Shop drawings for panels and steel connectors are generated from the 3D model, and digital files are sent to our CNC machines for fabrication. Finally, our 3D model is used to develop a material list for efficient purchasing, loading diagrams to optimize freight as well as assembly drawings for quick and efficient installation.

Shoreline Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA

Structurlam is a world-renowned fabricator of complex structural timber components. Our team of design and manufacturing professionals carefully integrates 3D computer models with CNC controlled milling machines to produce world-leading projects. Our goal is to help design teams make the most of their projects by leveraging the cost savings and structural advantages of mass timber construction. We offer design and fabrication services at a variety of levels.

DESIGN SUPPLY MANUFACTURINGDESIGN ASSIST

TRADITIONAL BID FABRICATIONONLY

Full Engineeringor Specialty Engineering

Partner with Architect to retain original design intent

Assist the EOR and Architect with achieving cost optimization

Complete detailing and drafting services (steel connections and hardware)

Supply of mass timber members per Structurlam shop drawings

Supply of mass timber members per single piece shop drawing or fully detailed 3D model





Design Development and Service Options



Mass timber systems produce a lighter-weight structure and a lighter carbon footprint than concrete. CrossLam® CLT is up to five times lighter than concrete and can be installed three times faster than cast-in-place concrete, with many erectors installing up to 15,000 square feet per day with a team of 4-6 people. CrossLam® CLT is also cost comparative to concrete and allows for construction in areas with poor soil conditions. As CLT replaces concrete in buildings, the overall weight of the structure is reduced, allowing for a reduced amount of rebar and lower total cost.

CrossLam® CLT sequesters CO2 and allows a building to serve

as a carbon sink over its lifetime. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of building materials shows the carbon footprint of wood is lower than steel or concrete when compared with seven key environmental measures (see chart “Environmental Impact of Wood, Steel and Concrete”).

To learn more about the environmental footprint of Structurlam products, contact us for a copy of our Life Cycle Assessment and Environmental Product Declaration documents. You can read more about the LCA of wood by visiting http://www.naturallywood.com/wood-design/responsible-choice/life-cycle-assessment

CrossLam® CLT vs. Concrete

Floor vibration performance depends on the application and the expectations of the user. As such, floor vibration should be designed accordingly. The preferred design method to controlling vibrations in CLT floors is found in NDS 2015 and the US CLT Handbook. The chart below compares the thickness of CrossLam® CLT floors against concrete and at what level we are able to better control our vibration with CrossLam® CLT versus concrete.

Environmental Impact of Wood, Steel and Concrete

Three hypothetical buildings (wood, steel and concrete) of identical size and configuration are compared. In all cases, impacts are lower for the wood design.

Source: Dovetail Partners using the Athena Eco-Calculator (2014)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

WoodSteelConcrete

Fossil Energy

Resource Use

GWP Acidification Eutrophi-cation

Ozone Depletion

Smog Potential

Nor

mal

ized

to w

ood

valu

e =

0.75


CLT PANEL (IN)

CONCRETE SLAB (IN)

VIBRATION CONTROLLED

SPAN (FT)

87 V 3.43 5.31 10.5

105 V 4.14 5.91 12.1

139 V 5.48 7.48 14.8

175 V 6.90 8.46 16.7

191 V 7.53 9.25 18.4

243 V 9.58 10.24 21.0

245 V 9.66 10.83 21.6

315 V 12.42 12.40 24.9

Indicates CrossLam® CLT thickness advantage

50 psf live load plus self weight plus 21 psf miscellaneous dead load

Floor Vibration Control Comparison

Benefits of building with Structurlam’s Mass Timber Products

EASE AND SPEED OF CONSTRUCTION

Due to the nature of prefabrication, mass timber components arrive on-site as a kit of parts, require less storage and can be shipped for just-in-time scheduling to facilitate quick assembly in dense urban areas. Prefabrication in Structurlam’s facility allows complex cuts to be made with high precision and small tolerances, effectively reducing custom work on-site.

STRUCTURAL STRENGTH AND STABILITY

Thanks to the high strength-to-weight ratio of timber, projects utilizing mass timber systems typically have smaller, less expensive foundations and are ideally suited for poor soil conditions. CrossLam® CLT is made up of a series of perpendicular layers, adding strength to the system in multiple directions. As a result, CrossLam® CLT is an exemplary product compared to other mass timber products, making it ideal for both regular and architecturally complex structures. Due to the rigidity of CrossLam® CLT, panels create an effective lateral load-resisting system with exceptional performance in high seismic and wind events. The design principles for both GlulamPlus® and CrossLam® CLT can be referenced in NDS 2015 in the U.S. or CSA o86 in Canada.

THERMAL AND ENERGY PERFORMANCE

The material properties of mass timber help to manage the transfer of thermal energy through the building envelope by resisting air transfer, creating a highly insulated space. Due to the tight tolerances and precision of prefabrication in Structurlam’s state-of-the-art manufacturing facility, joints between panels and members tend to fit together tighter, resulting in the improved energy efficiency of your building. The mass in the mass timber also acts as a thermal battery, helping the structure better regulate internal environmental conditions.

FIRE AND ACOUSTIC PERFORMANCE

Due to the mass of heavy timber products, impact, airborne and flanking sound transfer can be controlled effectively creating adequate acoustic performance in your building. Mass timber also performs exceptionally well in fire events due to its slow charring and self-insulating properties. Our Mass Timber products char at the same rate as solid wood products, providing effective fire protection.

COST EFFICIENCY

Mass timber buildings, when designed effectively, have similar material costs to concrete and steel alternatives. Cost efficiencies must be implemented via:

• Reduced schedule/financing

• Reduced foundation design, lightweight materials

• Mitigated on-site risks/issues

• Simplified fit and finish

• Ease of MEP installation

• Use of prefabrication and industrialized industry 4.0 construction practices

ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

Timber-based building materials contain many environmental benefits when compared to conventional materials such as steel and concrete. A major benefit of mass timber is that it sequesters CO2 over its life and, therefore, acts as a carbon sink, ultimately helping to mitigate one of the most pressing issues impacting our society today: global warming. If the harvesting, processing and replanting of trees is conducted responsibly, more CO

2 can be stored and less greenhouse gases are produced during the manufacturing process. In response to this pressing issue, Structurlam ensures that all wood fiber used in GlulamPlus® and CrossLam® CLT is traceable from certified and sustainably managed forests.

Prince George Airport, Prince George, BC, Canada


DEFLECTIONThe deflection limits of CLT are specified in IBC Table 1604.3. Calculating deflection should conform to the U.S. CLT Handbook, 2013, Chapter 2. Creep is a critical factor that should be accounted for in any structural design. Please see the approach outlined in Chapter 6 of the U.S. CLT Handbook. The 2015 NDS contains design information on calculating deflection limits. Generally, the CLT floor plate will be governed by performance-based vibration analysis.

SERVICE INTEGRATIONBuilding penetrations for mechanical electrical and plumbing (MEP) services are easier and more economical to install if their locations can be included in the design of the CLT panel. Penetrations can be cut in the factory, saving installation time and expense. MEP services not included before the manufacture of the panel can still be incorporated on-site using standard construction tools.

MATERIAL OPTIMIZATIONInvolving Structurlam in the early stages of your project is the best way to ensure efficient utilization of CrossLam® CLT panels. To achieve material optimization, we suggest designing in full billet sizes, 9'10.5" x 40'. Incorporating standard panel sizes into your design will most certainly reduce your product waste.

VIBRATIONMaximum floor vibrations for CLT slab elements must be carefully analyzed when designing with CrossLam® CLT. Research in this area is ongoing; however, the proposed design method for controlling vibrations in CLT floors is

outlined in Chapter 7 of the U.S. CLT Handbook. Different system configurations of bearing walls or beam types will also affect the overall system vibration performance.

ACOUSTIC PERFORMANCECLT walls and floors contribute to the overall sound isolation characteristics of the completed building. Sound transmission is affected by the components in wall and floor assemblies. Airtight construction and specifically engineered connections can help reduce sound transmission by mitigating flanking transmission (sound energy that passes around, not through, panels). Chapter 9 of the U.S. CLT Handbook addresses sound insulation in CLT construction.

Mass Timber System Design Considerations

Elkford Community Conference Centre, Elkford, BC, Canada

Wood Innovation + Design Centre Model

Courtesy ofMichael Green Architects

Jones Residence, Seattle, WA, USA

Structural Considerations of Multi-Story Timber Buildings

Typically, multi-story mass timber buildings require that all loading paths are vertically and uniformly aligned throughout all stories of the structure. Any walls and columns that remain aligned in the same vertical plane throughout the building can be used to brace the building. This is important to consider in all mass timber building systems described in this guidebook, including the Post and Platform, Post-Beam-Panel and Hybrid

Light-Wood Frame systems. Structures with load paths that do not align will require transfer slabs and transfer beams. While possible, these types of design are not cost-effective and add significant complication to mass timber structures. Base designs and concepts should always avoid these types of design situations, if possible.


Ideal structural layout with walls and columns vertically aligned

Unsuitable structural layout with complicated and staggered wall and column alignment


The Post and Platform system is a common

type of mass timber structural system made up

of CrossLam® CLT floor panels resting directly

above GlulamPLUS® columns. This system does

not use any beams or secondary supporting

members for the CrossLam® CLT panels. The

panels work in a full two-way span system point

supported on bearing columns. This system

is ideal for many types of buildings including

multi-story residential and office buildings. It

can effectively be used in both hybrid material

systems as well as full timber-based structures.

This type of structure allows easy MEP routing,

clear head heights and rapid deployment. It is

ideally suited for hotels or smaller residential

uses such as dormitories or micro apartments.

SYSTEM COMPOSITION

The Post and Platform system is made up of the following components (See figure on page 46):

• GlulamPLUS® columns

• CrossLam® CLT panels

• Steel connectors (plates, screws, etc.)


Post and Platform System



The Post and Platform System has been

successfully used in high-profile mass timber

projects due to a variety of benefits including

the following: EASE AND SPEED OF CONSTRUCTION

Connection design is typically less complex than other commonly used systems, making this a very advantageous system. The simple connections help to speed up and simplify the construction process and allow for less experienced builders to succeed in the construction of this type of building. Commonly used connections are discussed in further detail in on pages 47-48.

ARCHITECTURAL VALUE AND FLEXIBILITY

The Post and Platform system provides high architectural value due to the high quality of natural timber materials used as well as its ability to construct open spaces. This system is made up of a series of typical grids, allowing for the simple design of open concept living and workspaces. As a result, this system

is ideal for the construction of hotels, dormitories, offices and multi-family residential buildings, among a variety of other suitable applications.

STRAIGHTFORWARD AND DEPENDABLE STRUCTURAL DESIGN

The Post and Platform System is highly advantageous due to its proven structural details, simplicity and its potential for consistency throughout the building if considered early in the architectural design of the building. An important consideration in the structural design of Post and Platform systems is the two-way span of the CrossLam® CLT. Due to its cross laminations, CrossLam® CLT is able to provide strength in two directions and therefore is a superior mass timber building system, which is ideal for this type of application.

COST EFFICIENCY

Due to the ease and speed of construction of a Post and Platform System, construction costs can be reduced considerably since this system has proven to take weeks, or even months, off the construction schedule.

Benefits

Typical Post and Platform System Construction

GlulamPLUS® Columns

CrossLam® CLT Panels

Steel Connectors

Foundation

CONNECTIONS

The following sections show typical connection details used in Post and Platform buildings. Structurlam will be happy to work with your team to identify the most economical and effective connection system for your building.

FLOOR PANEL JOINTS

In the construction of mass timber buildings, the CrossLam® CLT panels can be joined using a variety of connections, including spline or butt joint connections as detailed below. In the case of both systems, the cutouts are prefabricated and prepared at Structurlam’s manufacturing facility to simplify installation on-site.

Butt joints are advantageous because they are relatively simple in design, do not require much prefabrication and produce highly rigid connections with ductile failure modes; however, they require many timber screws, leading to more time and effort spent on-site.

Spline connections have become one of the most common panel connection systems because they are simple to frame and prefabricate and lead to simple installation on-site. Splines are typically cut from 3/4" (19 mm) or 1" (25 mm) plywood, with a width of around 5 1/2"-6" (140-150 mm), as determined by an engineer. They can be used with self-tapping timber screws or with nailed splines that tend to be more cost-effective if the loads are appropriate.

FULLY THREADEDTIMBER SCREW

ASSEMBLY TOLERANCE GAP

BUTT JOINT CONNECTION

SPLINE CONNECTION

TOLERANCE GAP


OR NAILS

TOLERANCE GAP


COLUMN TO PANEL CONNECTION

Typically, columns arrive on-site prefabricated with the steel connectors already in place. These columns can then be erected allowing the CrossLam® CLT panels to immediately be installed above, quickly creating a working surface for subsequent floors. The figure below shows typical CrossLam® CLT to GlulamPLUS® column connections that

are commonly used in the construction of Post and Platform systems.

The column-to-column connection also incorporates the CLT bearing connection and must be checked for punching shear on the CLT panel, which tends to be a governing value in this type of connection.

THREADED ROD CONNECTIONS

BEARING SURFACE

CLT PANEL TO COLUMN

THREADED ROD THROUGH BOLTS

KNIFE PLATE

TYPICAL GRIDS

The figure to the right shows the typical grid sizes used for Post and Platform mass timber building systems. The optimal grid sizes for this type of system are 7'10.5" and 9'10.5" (2.4 m-3 m) wide since this maximizes the utilization of CrossLam® CLT by reducing material costs and waste. Other sizes can be used; however, they may result in significant cost increases due to high waste. Due to the nature of pressing CrossLam® CLT, the maximum length of panel that can be pressed is 40' (12.19 m) and the maximum width that can be pressed is 7'10.5" (2.4 m) and 9'10.5" (3 m). This results in grid layouts that are ideal for hotels, micro-condos or student housing.

Typical Post and Platform System Grids

FPO NEED IMAGE

10 - 14 ft (3 - 4.5 m)

8 - 1

0 ft

(2.4

- 3

m)


Post-Beam-Panel System

POST-BEAM-PANEL SYSTEM

The Post-Beam-Panel system is another common type of mass timber structural system composed of CrossLam® CLT floor panels resting directly above GlulamPLUS® beams and columns. The beams and columns form the load-bearing structure of the building upon which the panels can be placed, effectively forming a platform for construction on subsequent floors. This system has been used effectively in several types of buildings including multi-story residential buildings, office buildings, industrial buildings and large assembly halls, and its principles can be used in both hybrid material and full timber-based structures.

SYSTEM COMPOSITION

This system is made up of the following components:

• GlulamPLUS® beams

• GlulamPLUS® columns

• CrossLam® CLT panels

• Steel connectors (plates, screws, etc.)

All are prefabricated to provide the highest degree of accuracy and to simplify and accelerate construction on-site.

Carbon 12, Portland, OR, USA

BenefitsThe Post-Beam-Panel mass timber structural

systems are often used for office, commercial

or residential applications. This type of

construction method shows benefits in many

areas including the following:


Much like the Post and Platform system, this system leads to a relatively simple construction, helping to accelerate the erection of the building. Depending on the connection system used, prefabrication can drastically help simplify construction and meet precise tolerance requirements. Commonly used connections are discussed in further detail on page 52.

ARCHITECTURAL VALUE AND FLEXIBILITY

Due to the nature of the system, it is simple to expose the bones of the mass timber structure, providing high architectural value to the building. If it is desired to expose the GlulamPLUS® beams and/or CrossLam® CLT ceiling, MEP equipment is typically installed in the floor buildup of the panels rather than the ceiling side.

GlulamPLUS® Beams

GlulamPLUS® Columns


Steel Connectors

Foundation

First Tech Credit Union, Hillsboro, OR, USA



An additional benefit to this system is that the panels are required only to span in one direction, thus drastically simplifying the design of the structure. The beams also provide extra support to the panels, allowing thinner panels to span farther. It is beneficial to allow panels to span over several grids because it increases the stiffness of the panels, thus reducing vibration and deflection concerns.

COST EFFICIENCY

Material costs can be substantially reduced by using thinner panels in conjunction with the beams in the system. Also, simple pre-engineered or custom steel connectors can be used for the GlulamPLUS® beams and columns, which can help to simplify construction on-site, thus reducing installation time on-site. By accelerating the construction process, costs can be reduced dramatically.

Connections BEAM TO COLUMN CONNECTIONS

There are several types of beam to column connections, which can be used in the design of Post-Beam-Panel systems including pre-engineered connectors and custom steel systems.

PRE-ENGINEERED CONNECTORS

Pre-engineered connectors are often preferred systems because they are typically time-saving for installation, as the connections can be factory installed and are simple to design using design tables or standardized values. There are different types of beam hangers such as concealed beam hangers, which help to achieve high fire-rating requirements and meet rotational compatibility during seismic and wind events.

CUSTOM STEEL

In certain applications, where pre-engineered connectors may not be feasible, custom steel connections are typically used. Custom steel connections are often required when there are common shapes and geometries. These types of connections may require more in-depth design and are less predictable than tested, pre-engineered connections.

TYPICAL GRIDS

The figure to the right shows typical grid sizes used for Post-Beam-Panel mass timber building systems. Due to the nature of pressing CrossLam® CLT, the maximum length of panel, which can be pressed is 40' (12.19 m) and the maximum width that can be pressed is 7'10.5" (2.4 m) and 9'10.5" (3 m).

The use of augmented grids can create amazing structural efficiencies. An example would be a 30" (9.1 m) primary beam span in the Y direction and 15' (4.5 m) bay spacing in the X direction. Located on exterior bays of the building, this produces a large functional space.

Installation of beam using concealed pre-engineered beam connectors

Concealed pre-engineered beam to column connectors

Typical Post-Beam-Panel System Grids

This system is a hybrid between typical light-

wood frame and mass timber construction.

Typically, only the shear walls and horizontal

structure (floor and roof) are constructed

using CrossLam® CLT while the rest of the

structure is made up of typical light-wood frame

construction principles. This is typically used for

residential structures.

SYSTEM COMPOSITION

The Hybrid Light-Wood Frame system is made up of the following components:

• Light-wood frame walls

• CrossLam® CLT floor/roof panels

• GlulamPLUS® beams as required

Hybrid Light-Wood Frame

20 - 30 ft (6.1 - 9.1 m)

20 -

30 ft

(6.1

- 9.

1 m

)



Light-wood Frame

Foundation

TYP PANEL TO PANEL TOLERANCE

1/2" PLYWOOD SPLINE SUPPLIED BY SMTC

2 MM TOLLERANCE EACH SIDE

0.131"X2.5" NAILS 6" O/C NAILS

BY OTHERS TYP.

8X120 ASSY VG CSK @45 DEG. 300 O/C

0.141"X3" NAILS @6" O/C NAILS BY OTHERS TYP.

ASSY ECO 8X180 @300 O.C.

TYP. ROOF PANEL TO CORE

3" COMMON NAILS @200 O.C.

BY OTHERS TYP.


ASSY ECO 8X200 @15 DEG. 400 O.C.ASSY ECO 8x160 @300 O.C.

STAGGERLIGHT SCREW INDICATES STAGGERED PATTERN



45 DEG. EACHSIDE


45 DEG. EACH SIDETIGHT FIT VERTICAL BEARING



BY OTHERS TYP.



BY OTHERS TYP.


BY OTHERS TYP.



Detail 2, or Detail 5 as applicable

2

2



2

152

30




BY OTHERS TYP.

2

61

139

140





BY OTHERS TYP.


45.0°





45 DEG. EACHSIDE


45 DEG. EACH SIDE

55

89

89


BY OTHERS TYP.



BY OTHERS TYP.



BY OTHERS TYP.

45.0°



139

TIGHT FIT VERTICAL BEARING


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Stud bearing connection nails to be applied similar to detail 5 or detail 8 as applicable

Butt joint connection replaced with Spline when applicable, see detail 2


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This drawing is the property of SMTC and cannot be used

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Platform frame light frame wall to floor to wall connection

Sample Connections

Platform frame CLT wall to floor to wall connection

Panel to panel diaphragm over bearing connection

BenefitsThe Hybrid Light-Wood Frame system shows

superiority over conventional light-wood frame

systems with the following benefits:


By using a hybrid light-wood frame system in your building, the ease and speed of construction can be improved drastically compared to a conventional light-wood frame building system. This is due to the nature of the installation of CrossLam® CLT. CrossLam® CLT can be easily installed, typically using a crane, and reduces time spent on installing joists and other components. This quickly allows access to subsequent floors for further construction to begin, ultimately accelerating the total construction schedule of your building. Experienced crews typically install more than 15,000 square feet of CrossLam® floor system per day.

MEP INSTALLATION

Due to the buildup of light-wood frame systems, most of the MEP infrastructure can be installed within the wall assembly. This is ideal for contractors and designers who are less familiar with mass timber construction because conventional practices can be used. MEP penetrations coordinated via 3D model can also be cut in Structurlam's factory, if desired, and the relevant information is supplied in time.

ACOUSTIC AND FIRE PERFORMANCE

CrossLam® CLT has been proven to perform exemplary in fire and acoustic conditions. By using a Hybrid Light-Wood Frame construction system, it is expected for the fire and acoustic performance to be improved compared to conventional construction due to the material properties of CrossLam® CLT. Continuous solid CrossLam® CLT helps increase performance in both fire and acoustical applications. See pages 57-59 to learn more about the benefits of mass timber with respect to both acoustic and fire performance principles.


By using the Hybrid Light-Wood Frame construction system, the building performance is improved drastically compared to typical light-wood frame construction. The CrossLam® CLT helps to improve the robustness of the building, ultimately leading to an improvement in lateral (seismic and wind) and vertical loading design performance. Design processes are simple when slab edge plans are provided and bearing points are clearly identified.

COST EFFICIENCY

Due to the extra robustness and improved performance of light-wood frame construction using mass timber elements, overall lifespan is expected to be improved, therefore reducing long-term maintenance costs. Also, due to the ability to expose mass timber, this system can be a key selling feature for building occupants and create greener, healthier living spaces. Installation time is reduced with a completely prefabricated product in comparison to traditional light framing methods.

Mass timber connections in hybrid panel configurations on light frame or steel frame are easier than you think, and are generally comprised of self-tapping screws or nailed connections to other structural elements.


UBCO The Hangar, Kelowna, BC, Canada

Fire resistance can be described as the ability for a material to continue to provide structural strength and resistance to heat or vapor transfer during a fire event. A fire resistance rating (FRR) refers to the time that a building component can withstand fire or heat and integrity failure. It is important to note that requirements regarding fire safety vary depending on building occupancy type and location; therefore, the specific requirements must be confirmed when designing the system. Mass timber systems can be designed using various performance principles to meet the required criteria including the following two methods:

• The Encapsulation Method

• The Char Method

THE ENCAPSULATION METHOD

This method encapsulates all structural mass timber components using Type X Gypsum Board and is the more conservative option between the two. Each additional board of 5/8" (16 mm) gypsum board adds approximately 30 minutes of extra fire resistance to the timber components. This system is designed for performance as it does not allow the mass timber to char.

Fire Design Principles

Churchill Avenue 4-plex, Penticton, BC, Canada

Encapsulation method with two-hour fire rating.

Images Courtesy: Beam Craft

Type X Gypsum Board

GlulamPLUS® Column


THE CHAR METHOD

The char method allows mass timber to be directly exposed to fire. Since the timber is fully exposed, extra lumber is added during the design phase to meet the fire resistance rating (FRR). This system is designed by determining the approximate depth to which the fire would penetrate and the remaining structural strength of the member after a certain exposure time.

CrossLam® CLT and GlulamPLUS® behave as mass timber and have a predictable charring rate of 1.5"/hr (0.65 mm/min). The char layer, which is formed during combustion, acts as an insulating layer for the inner layers thus protecting the structural members from a further loss of strength. The FRR of CrossLam® CLT and GlulamPLUS® is dependent on several factors including the member depth, span, applied loading and exposure. The most vulnerable components of this type of system tend to be the steel connectors due to the rapid reduction in steel’s strength at high temperatures. To counteract this, it is required that all connectors be covered by a layer of timber or intumescent paint to protect the steel.

FRR performance is designed according to the local and NDS 2015 codes. Extensive testing has been completed to allow a codified approach to cover a variety of use scenarios.

Type IV Heavy Timber Construction of the 2015 IBC Chapter 6: CLT is allowed in the IBC 2015 under Type IV Construction – 602.4 Type IV construction (Heavy Timber, HT). The hourly fire resistance rating requirements for walls, floors and roofs are found in Table 601 of the IBC.

Char calculation method of the 2015 NDS: The NDS methodology uses wood-engineering-based mechanics to calculate the fire resistance of wood members and is referenced in Section 721.1 of the IBC. Effective charring rates calculated using the NDS methodology are also included in Section 721.2 of the IBC.

Execution of proprietary ASTM E-119 testing that is specific to the project assemblies: Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction Materials or UL 263, Standard for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials evaluate the duration for which CLT will contain a fire and maintain its structural integrity during exposure to fire.

FIRE STOPS AND SERVICE PENETRATIONS

A number of commercially available fire rated joint systems for concrete can achieve the same FT ratings when used in mass timber up to 2 hours. Detailing and fire caulking needs to be applied appropriately around the fire sleeve. This allows solid mass timber panels such as CrossLam® CLT to be a superior part of your fire protection system.

Cross Section of Fire Exposed CrossLam® CLT Panel

CROSS SECTION OF FIRE-EXPOSED CROSS-LAMINATED TIMBER

Fully intact mass timber

Heated zone

Charred zone

y

Db

D

NA

Dchar

FIRE EXPOSED SURFACE

UNEXPOSED SURFACE

dchardb

Wall assembly after testing showing the depth of charring on the exposed side. NRC (2014) Fire Endurance of Cross-Laminated Timber Floor and Wall Assemblies for Tall Wood Buildings.

ACOUSTIC DESIGN PRINCIPLES

Sound and vibration control are directly associated with the comfort of building occupants. There are several different types of sound including airborne sound, impact sound and flanking sound that must be minimized and optimized to provide maximum comfort and livability within your building. Reverberation sound affects sound quality in a room but not rating values.

AIRBORNE SOUND (STC RATING)

Airborne sound is transmitted through the air such as through speech, televisions and stereo systems. These airborne waves cause the structural components to vibrate and therefore transmit sound to adjacent spaces.

Airborne Sound Mitigation:

In order to mitigate the intensity of airborne sound from being transmitted into adjacent building spaces, architectural outfitting can be used. Fire, thermal and acoustic insulation can typically be combined where appropriate such as for walls, doors and windows. Techniques to reduce airborne sound often include the use of dense materials which tend to attenuate sound waves effectively such as:

• Floor: acoustic mat floor underlays or dropped ceilings

• Walls: dense wall insulation (i.e. rock mineral wool)

IMPACT SOUND (ICC RATING)

Impact sound is a structure-borne sound, which is transmitted through a direct impact on solid elements such as through the walls and floors of a building. Examples of impact sound in a building include footsteps, falling objects and other sounds from your upstairs neighbors.

Impact Sound Mitigation:

To reduce the transmission of impact sound between building areas, it is effective to install damping materials on the impact surface such as some of the following:

• Carpet flooring

• Resilient underlay beneath flooring surface

• Suspended ceiling or raised floors

SOUND REVERBERATION

Reverberation is a longer lasting and degrading sound caused by the reflection from surfaces inside of a building. Varied surface shapes such as fluting or soft absorbing surfaces can help change the sound quality of a room and mitigate reverberation. This should not be confused with IIC (Impact) or STC (Sound Transmission) ratings.

Acoustic Principles

Airborne Sound

Sound Reverberation

Impact Sound


FLANKING SOUND (STC AND ICC RATING)

Flanking sound occurs due to the transmission of both airborne and impact sound or vibration through building components into other non-intended portions of the building via uninsulated and indirect sound paths. For example, flanking sound transmission paths include windows and doors, ducts and shared structural building components such as floor panels. Conventional flanking sound mitigation techniques commonly see a 2-5 dB increase in field STC/ICC ratings. Flanking Sound Mitigation:Flanking sound must be mitigated on a project-specific basis and is minimized using sound insulation techniques such as window placement and building component insulation developed during the design stage. A certain degree of flanking sound can typically not be avoided; however, it can be minimized through:

• Design of less direct (i.e., longer and more complex) sound transmission paths

• Prioritization of discontinuity between units and building elements (i.e., avoid using one panel for more than one living unit without adding acoustic barriers)

• The buildup of multiple layers in the structural component cross-section

• Sound encapsulation techniques to remove direct structural paths (i.e., dropped ceilings)

Direct Path (red arrow) vs. Flanking Path (blue arrows) on floor surface

First Tech Credit Union, Hillsboro, OR, USA Estimated Airborne (STC-rating) and Impact (IIC-rating, in brackets) Sound Insulation of 175 V CLT with Various Floor Design Samples

Notes:

1. For all hung gypsum board ceilings: Cavity between furring and above hung ceiling filled with glass fiber batts (thickness 38 mm for furring and 5-1/2 in (140 mm) for hung ceiling).

2. White cells are measured STC ratings.

3. Blue cells are the predicted STC ratings from measured TL of bare element and measured TL improvement due to adding extra layers.

Source:

Acoustics: Sound insulation in mid-rise wood buildings (Report to Research Consortium for wood and wood-hybrid mid-rise buildings); Schoenwald, S.; Zeitler, B.; King, F.; Sabourin, I.

CLT FLOOR 175 V[THICKNESS: 6.90 in (175 mm),

MASS/AREA: 18.7 lb/ft2 (91.4 kg/m2)]STC (IIC)

BARE

GYPSUM BOARD CEILING:2 LAYERS 1/2 in (12.7 mm) THICK TYPE X GYPSUM BOARD

DIRECTLY ATTACHED1-1/2 in (38 mm) WOOD

FURRING @ 24 in (600 mm)

AS HUNG CEILING ON METAL GRILLAGE 6 in (150 mm) BELOW

CLT SURFACE

DIRECTLY ATTACHED TO CLT AND ADDITIONAL ACOUSTIC HUNG CEILING WITH 5/8 in (15.9 mm) THICK TYPE X ON

METAL GRILLAGE 6 in (150 mm) UNDERNEATH

BARE 41 (25) 42 (25) 50 (36) 68 (56) 67 (55)

FLO

OR

TO

PP

ING

S

1-1/2 in (38 mm)CONCRETE TOPPING ON 3/8 in (9.5 mm) CLOSED CELL FOAM

53 (36) 53 (40) 59 (50) 76 (66) 74 (64)

1-1/2 in (38 mm)CONCRETE TOPPING ON 1/2 in (12.7 mm) WOOD FIBER BOARD

52 (35) 53 (38) 59 (47) 76 (64) 73 (63)

1-1/2 in (38 mm) CONCRETE TOPPING ON 3/4 in (19 mm) RECYCLED FIBER FELT

59 (42) 59 (46) 63 (45) 77 (61) 75 (60)

1-1/2 in (38 mm) CONCRETE TOPPING ON 1/2 in (12.7 mm) RUBBER NUGGETS ON FOIL

53 (46) 53 (44) 59 (49) 73 (65) 70 (63)

1-1/2 in (38 mm)CONCRETE TOPPING ON 5/16 in (8 mm) SHREDDED RUBBER MAT

52 (38) 52 (38) 58 (48) 76 (66) 74 (64)

1-1/2 in (38 mm)CONCRETE TOPPING ON 2/3 in (17 mm) SHREDDED RUBBER MAT

54 (44) 54 (43) 60 (51) 76 (67) 73 (65)

1-1/2 in (38 mm) CONCRETE TOPPING NOT BONDED TO CLT

49 (28) 49 (32) 56 (41) 75 (60) 74 (60)

2 LAYERS 1/2 in (12 mm)CEMENT BOARD ON 1/2 in (12.7 mm) WOOD FIBER BOARD

48 (46) 48 (38) 54 (47) 69 (63) 68 (60)

1-1/2 in (38 mm) GYPSUM CONCRETE ON 3/8 in (9.5 mm) CLOSED CELL FOAM

50 (41) 50 (41) 58 (49) 72 (63) 73 (63)


UBC Earth Sciences, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Ronald McDonald House - Vancouver, BC CANADAWinner of 2016 Governor General’s Award for ArchitectureStructurlam Manufacturing Facility, Okanagan Falls, BC, Canada

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND SERVICE OPTIONS

Structurlam offers design and fabrication services at a variety of levels in order to ensure that our customers’ needs and preferences are met to the highest standard. If engineering services are required, Structurlam can provide specialty structural engineering services through well-respected, award-winning engineering firms. If such services are not required, based on decades of experience and expertise as a high-quality engineered wood product manufacturer, Structurlam is able to provide input on manufacturing optimization to improve constructability.

DETAILING

As part of the Structurlam advantage, 3D modeling software is used to virtually construct each building before it is produced. This allows for the early detection of potential challenges and problems by our qualified detailers, effectively helping to ensure that installation on-site runs smoothly.

We begin by receiving 2D architectural and structural drawings or 3D models. From there, an accurate 3D model is made including all GlulamPLUS®, CrossLam® CLT, steel connections and associated hardware. Using these models, shop drawings for CrossLam® CLT panels, GlulamPLUS® and steel connectors are generated. Digital files are then sent to our CNC machines for fabrication. Finally, our 3D model is used to develop material lists for efficient purchasing of steel and hardware components.

FABRICATION

Structurlam’s products are fabricated using cutting-edge 3D modeling software. Data is transferred directly to our CNC machines allowing precise fabrication processes to proceed.

Our team of design and manufacturing specialists at Structurlam take pride in all their projects from

preliminary consultation and design through to the manufacturing, shipment and installation of our

products. We understand the many challenges of design and construction and make it our primary

goal to ensure that all processes run as smoothly as possible.

Structurlam Project Execution

SCHEDULE PROCESS:

1 3D Geometry Modelling

2 [Optional] 2D Geometry Approval drawings

3.A Issued for Fabrication (IFF) Steel model required (client to provide)

3.B 3D Connection modeling

3.C Issued for Fabrication (IFF) MEP model required for penetrations (client to provide)

4 Offered for Approval (OFA) 2D Assembly drawings - Client Review

5 3D Fabrication model completion

6 Issued for Fabrication (IFF/IFC) 2D Assembly drawings

7 IFF/IFC Production Lists and metadata

8 IFF/IFC Single Piece Shop Quality Assurance Drawings

9 CLT panel Truck Load plans

10 CNC Coding

11 Fabrication processes


DELIVERY, LOAD PLANNING AND HANDLING

An important consideration to make when designing your mass timber building is the transportation and delivery method of the prefabricated elements. Structurlam’s family of mass timber products are typically shipped to site on flat deck semitrucks.

LOAD PLANNING

Typically, the panels and members will require sorting and staging on-site as the exact load order will not usually follow the exact installation order. If requested at the time of sale, Structurlam will create load-sequencing plans as determined through the shop drawing approval process, with the sequence typically following the installation order. In order to safely transport the load, some panels may be out of sequence. Using our detailed 3D modeling software, truck loading diagrams are created to optimize freight and shipment to site. Considerations that are important during this stage include:

• Vehicle width and length

• Vehicle weight

• Allowable load that can be transported on route to site

• Installation sequence (this must be requested during the shop drawing process)

Vehicle weight and dimensions must conform to jurisdictional limitations along the route of travel to site and therefore must be considered during the load planning stage.

HANDLING/FREIGHT PROTECTION

When not properly handled and protected, panels and members are subject to surface marring and damage, water staining, sun damage and checking. As a result, Structurlam takes every reasonable precaution to protect our products during shipment by individually wrapping panels in 100 percent recyclable materials. The panels are strapped together in bundles of two to three pieces stacked on top of each other. These bundles are separated by dunnage and panel protection on the truck for safe unloading using a forklift or crane. Please refer to the guidelines provided in our CrossLam® CLT Storage and Handling Guide available on our website or through our office for more information.

Structurlam Project Execution

3D truck loading diagram

ON-SITE STORAGE

Detailed pre-construction planning can help to ensure installation of Structurlam products is easy, safe and efficient. Depending on the project site, we recommend that sufficient space be available to:

• Prepare panels for installation

• Re-sort panels according to the install sequence

• Apply treatments if required

• Install on-site hardware if required

LIMITED STORAGE

If on-site storage space is limited to re-sort panels, Structurlam must be notified during the shop drawing process to provide truckload sequencing services. In this case, CrossLam® CLT panels are sequenced on trucks such that they can be directly lifted into place off the truck in the shortest amount of time. It is important to ensure that suitable lifting equipment is available on-site. In order to safely transport the load, some panels may be out of sequence.

ASSEMBLY DRAWINGS

Load plan assembly drawings are produced using our 3D modeling software to provide instruction for fast and efficient erection on-site.

REFERENCES

CLT Handbook - Chapter 8, Canada, 2014.

CLT Handbook - Chapter 9, U.S., 2013.

Installation

Structurlam has seen exceptional growth in mass timber construction in recent years

and expects these changes to continue as part of a construction paradigm shift. Mass

timber in North America has slowly shifted from high-end, boutique, award-winning

prefabricated structures to schedule-, cost- and quality-driven rectilinear office and

residential structures.

Using wood as a renewable, structural material paired with advanced Industry 4.0

manufacturing systems, we see these prefabricated and fully coordinated structures

create beautiful spaces that not only reflect the natural environment but also

compete on costs and excel on schedules. Structurlam’s Mass Timber systems with

CrossLam® CLT and GlulamPLUS® will expand as market disrupters, representing a

renewed frontier for construction.

Our service and product experience is ever-evolving to be the best in the industry.

How can we help build your next project?

66 INTRODUCTION | U.S. Mass Timber Design Guide

USA Kris Spickler 4120 Douglas Blvd. #306-502Granite Bay, CA 95746t: 916 797 [email protected]

CANADAHEAD OFFICEStructurlam Mass Timber Corporation2176 Government St.Penticton, BCCanada V2A 8B5t: 250 492 [email protected]

OREGON Alese Ashuckian1355 NW Everett St. #100Portland, OR 97209t: 503 597 [email protected]

TEXAS/SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Cory Scrivner 600 Congress Ave., 14th FloorAustin, TX 78701t: 512 539 [email protected]

Contact us to learn more.250 492 8912 or [email protected]

Structurlam’s family of Mass Timber building products.

CrossLam® CLT: Cross-laminated timber panels used in floor, wall and roof structures

GlulamPLUS®: Structural EWP beam and column system

Steel Connections

3D BIM Models

Blue Mountain Golf Clubhouse, Hunest, South Korea

03/2019

mass timber design guide - structurlam · the field. the work to build the model often takes three...

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