master of science in pharmacology

7/24/2019 Master of Science in Pharmacology

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MAKERERE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES

SCHOOL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES

DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS

CURRICULUM FOR

MASTER OF SCIENCE IN PHARMACOLOGY

MSC (PHARMACOLOGY)

March 2011

1


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1 I!"r#$%c"!

The Master of Science course in Pharmacology is a two-year program.Course work is done in two semesters and one recess term during the first

year. The second year is devoted to research and dissertation writing. Course

work consists of lecturers, tutorials, seminars and prescried pharmacologicale!periments. Students also participate in tutoring of undergraduate students

under supervision.

2 Pr#'ra %*"&+&ca"!

i" #ell-trained Pharmacologists are needed y $niversities for teaching

and research. The $ndergraduate health professional programs cannotprovide this e!pertise.

ii" Pharmaceutical industries are on the increase in the country and thedemand for Pharmacologists is on the rise. This course is one way of

satisfying the demand for %esearch and &evelopment officers in theseindustries.

iii" Pharmacologists are on demand in medical schools, sports programs,and Ministry of 'ealth training programmes for the paramedical

courses. Capacity uilding for the present and the future re(uires

developing this programme to ensure continuity and development.

iv" )iomedical research related to drugs is emerging as a career, which

has increased the demand for pharmacologist. This course will help to

meet this demand.

v" *ocal training of Pharmacologists is the only sure way of uilding

capacity and self-reliance in this discipline ecause it is cheaper thantraining aroad.

, G#a-* a!$ O./c"&*

The o+ective of this course is to provide a sound knowledge of pharmacologyand e!perimental techni(ues used in assessing pharmacological responses in

iological systems to drugs. Candidates will also gain insight on how various

chemicals affect cellular systems. t the end of the programme, candidatesare e!pected to have achieved independence in planning, designing and

e!ecuting pharmacological studies.


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G!ra- R'%-a"!*

The regulations and guidelines for Masters &egrees of Makerere $niversity

shall e applicale. These will include/

a" 0uidelines for application, registration of research proposalssupervision and e!amination of dissertations.

" %egulations on sumission of progress reports and the final

dissertation.c" ppointment of supervisors and e!aminers.

3 A$&**! R4%&r!"*

The minimum entry re(uirements will e as follows/

a" M)Ch) or its e(uivalent

" ).Pharm or its e(uivalent

c" ).Sc. 2oology" from a recogni3ed $niversityd" ).Sc. 'uman )iology, 4thno otany," from a recogni3ed $niversity

e" )5M or is e(uivalentf" )&S or its e(uivalent

g" ).Sc. Pharmacology" from a recogni3ed $niversity

h" ). Sc. 6ursing" from a recogni3ed $niversityi" ).Sc. )iochemistry" from a recogni3ed $niversity

7or classified degrees, the minimum entry re(uirement shall e at least a

Second class degree level.

5 Na"%r #+ "h C%rr&c%-%

The MSc. Pharmacology is a full time programme running for four semesters

and one recess term. 8t will consist of course work and dissertation. The

course work will e conducted y lectures, seminars, tutorials anddemonstrations of prescried e!periments in Pharmacology. This will last two

semesters and one recess term during which the student will rotate through the

departments of Physiology, )iochemistry and Pharmacology 9 Therapeutics.

4!pertise from the departments of natomy and Physiology, )iochemistry,Medicine, and Psychiatry and 7aculty of 5eterinary Medicine will e called

upon to assist in the teaching of relevant section of the course e.g.

psychological testing techni(ues, personality, memory, development of therain, etc. The student will spend the two semesters of the second year

designing and carrying out a research pro+ect on the asis of which a

dissertation will e written.

6 A****!" a!$ 7a&!a"!*

61 Pr#'r**& A****!"* a!$ E7a&!a"!*

Since the programme of Master of Science in Pharmacology is semesterised,

there will e progressive assessments and e!aminations in each semester.

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Progressive assessments will e in the form of written papers, reports of

pharmacological e!periments and y participation in seminars and

undergraduate teaching.

The end of semester e!aminations will consist of/

Multiple Choice ;uestions

4ssay ;uestions

4!tended viva voce

62 A****!" a!$ Gra$&!'

4ach course will e assessed in two parts/Course work Progressive Continuous ssessment", which should contriute

of the total marks. 4!aminations shall e graded out of a ma!imum of

?=> of the total marks. That each Course should e graded out of a

ma!imum of one hundred 1==" marks and assigned appropriate letter gradesand grade points as follows/

Mar8* 9 P#&!" L""r 'ra$ Gra$ I!"r:r"a"!

@=-1== A B 4!ceptional

=-@ B 4!cellent

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6,2 Pr#.a"!a- Pr#'r**

candidate who scores less than grade point .= in a semester e!amination will

re-take the course when ne!t offered, ut may proceed to the ne!t year.

6,, D&*c#!"&!%a"!

candidate will e discontinued after otaining/

: consecutive proations in a core course, or

: consecutive proations ased on CP or 0P

6 D&**r"a"!

The dissertation shall conform to the standing guidelines and regulations of the

$niversity on higher degrees. candidate shall not e allowed to formally start

on research work unless heEshe has passed year one e!aminations. candidateshall sumit a research proposal to the &epartmental %esearch Committee, which

will e scored in the first semester of the second year. The proposal will also e

approved y the 7aculty 'igher &egrees Committee.

The candidate shall hand in three copies of dissertation three months efore the

end of Fear 88 Semester 88. To pass a dissertation, the candidate shall satisfy thee!aminers in written dissertation and viva voce. candidate, who fails to satisfy

e!aminers, shall resumit a revised dissertation in accordance with the

recommendations of the e!ternal and internal e!aminers. 7ailure to satisfy the

panel of e!aminers in viva voce may lead to repeating the whole year or

discontinuation.

;0 A


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YEAR I

SEMESTER 1

C#$ C#%r* T&"-

LH TH PH CH CU

C4) D1=1 4pidemiology, )iostatistics and %esearch

Methods

:= =


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C#%r* $"a&-*

Yar I

S*"r I

1 CEB 6101> E:&$-#'?@ B*"a"&*"&c* a!$ R*arch M"h#$*

Course objectives

)y the end of the course, the student will e ale to/

1. &escrie and apply principles and methods of epidemiology. &escrie and apply principles and methods of iostatics

:. &esign a research proposal according to Makerere $niversity guidelines

Description of course

&efinition and application of 4pidemiology, measuring health and disease

associationH preventionH evaluation of health servicesH accuracyH precision and

iasH

&escriptive statisticsH proaility distriutionsH

'ypothesis testingH research (uestionH prolem statementH +ustificationH

o+ectivesH study designH population and samplingH sample si3eH variales and data

collection methodsH

&ata management and analysisH (uality controlH ethicsH udgeting and accounting.

2 PHA6102> Rc!" A$a!c* &! G!ra- Pharac#-#'?@ N%r#:harac#-#'?@

P*?ch#:harac#-#'?@ T#7&c#-#'? a!$ C-&!&ca- Tr&a- D*&'!

C#%r* O./c"&*>

t the end of the course students should e ale to/

1. &iscuss recent advances in mechanisms of drug action, metaolism and

disposition.

. &escrie the autonomic and central nervous receptors, their transmitters and

associated pathological lesions.:. &iscuss the drug development process and design clinical trials.


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C#%r* O%"-&!

dvances in 0eneral Pharmacology/ Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacokinetic

characteristics of &rugs, Pharmacogenetics.

Peripheral, utonomic, and Central 6ervous transmission

dvances in To!icologyH0eneral effects of &rugs and other Chemicals,

Characteristics of adverse reactions to drugs and Poisons

&rug &iscovery and &evelopmentH Pre-clinical Studies, Clinical Trials/

designing, ethics, meta-analysis and &rug registration

Central 6eurotransmitters and their Pathway/&operminergic, Cholinergic,

B'T, 6oradrenaline Pathways, The )asal 0anglia, %eticular formation

and other structures significant in the Pathway, Morphine receptors and%elated Compound

Syndromes associated with transmission defects and their managementH

Schi3ophrenia, Parkinsons disease, &epression, l3heimers disease,Mania and 'ypomania, 0uiles de la Tourettes Syndrome, n!iety states,

'untingtons disease.

nticonvulsants and n!iolytics/ )en3odia3ipines, )ariturates, 6ewer

drugs in this group like )aspirone and others

6atural products including Traditional medicines

S%''*"$ ra$&!'*>

0oodman 9 0ilmans Pharmacological )asis of Therapeutics %ang 9 &ale, %itter Moore, Pharmacology

)ertram 0. Iat3ug, )asics Clinical Pharmacology

*ippincotts illustrated %eviews Pharmacology y Myak, 'arvey 9

Champe

, PHY 610,> A$a!c$ :h?*-#'&ca- ch&*"r?@ B#$? +-%&$*@ R!a-@

Ga*"r#&!"*"&!a-@ Car$a*c%-ar a!$ R*:&ra"#r? Ph?*-#'?

Course Objectives/t the end of this course students should e ale to/

1. &iscuss recent advances in physiological chemistry and ody fluids.. &iscuss recent advances in renal, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and

respiratory physiology:. &iscuss thephysiological asis of drug therapy.

Detailed Course Outline>

dvances in cell functionH transport across cell memrane, electrolyte

distriution, nerve impulse generation, electrical and mechanical properties of

nerve and muscle, homeostatic mechanisms.


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)ody fluidsH lood, lymph, cereral spinal fluid, immunochemistry,

)lood/ composition, cells function, indices, ile formation, hemostasis

coagulation, factors and process lood, lood grouping, transfusion, lood

composition and formation of coagulation, metaolism are covered including

anaemia hemogloinopathies, transfusion reactionsEdisorders and +aundiceile pigments.

6ormal cardiovascular function and its regulation

dvanced physiology of the renal system

Control of respiration and pathophysiological ad+ustments to hypo!ia.

dvances in 0astrointestinal physiology and factors affecting 6utrient

asorption

. S%''*"$ Ra$&!'*> Physiology 0uyton

Physiology y 0anong

PHA 610> Bch&ca- .a*&* #+ Pharac#8&!"&c* a!$ Dr%' $&*:#*&"!

Course objectives


1. &escrie in more detail the sites, principles and conse(uences of drug

iotransformation and drug disposition.

. &iscuss the drug iotransformation pathways, drug metaoli3ing en3yme

systems and en3yme polymorphisms.

:. &iscuss anormal pathways of drug iotransformation and their clinical

significance.

Detailed Course Outline>

8ntroduction to &rug Metaolism

4n3yme Iinetics

Components of the Mi!ed 7unction G!idase and &rug Metaolism

G!idative reactions other than the mi!ed 7unction G!idase

%eductive &rug Metaolism

Con+ugation %eactions &rug )iotransformation in special conditionsH 6eonates, 4lderly and

Pregnancy 8nherited Metaolic disorders

0enetic 5ariations in &rug Metaolism

@


10/16

Yar I

S*"r II

B. PHA 6201> A$a!c* &! Ch#"hra:?@ Ch#:r#:h?-a7&*@ Ca!crThra:?@ N%"r&"!a- a!$ S?*"&c :harac#-#'?

Course Objectives


1. &iscuss the principles of chemotherapy, classification and mechanisms ofaction of antimicroial agents and anticancer agents.

. &iscuss the mechanisms of resistance and resistance transfer.

:. &iscuss advances in the treatment of diseases of main ody systems.


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5 PHY 6201> A$a!c$ E!$#cr&!#-#'? A!$ R:r#$%c"&Ph?*-#'?

O./c"&*

)y the end of this course, the students will e ale to/

4!plain the general principles hormone action.

&iscuss the functions and control of endocrine glands.

ssess endocrine glands of the productive system.

C#!"!"

Principles of hormones actionHH specific functions of each endocrine gland its control

relations to other endocrine glandsH male and female reproductive functions plus thehormones involvedH immunologyH physiology of pregnancy and the new ornH asses

endocrine glands.

PHY 6202> A$a!c$ N%r#:h?*-#'?

O./c"&*

)y the end of this course, the students will e ale to/

&escrie the histology and functions of e!citale tissue.

&iscuss the origin and function of the central nervous system C6S".

Conduct neurological e!periments to assess the C6S

C#!"!"

Physiology of e!citale tissuesH functions of sensory and motor corte!H posture,

movement and e(uiliriumHH automatic nervous systemH special sensesH se!ual ehaviorH

learning and memoryH assessment of nervous function and locali3ation of lesions.

6 PHA 6202> Bch&ca- .a*&* #+ Dr%' Ac"! a!$ Dr%' I!"rac"!*

C#%r* #./c"&*>

t the end of the course students should e ale to/1. 4!plain the cell structure and cellular processes as drug targets

. 4!plain the principles of drug action including the role of second messengers

:. &iscuss the mechanisms of drug to!icity.

Cell Structure

The cell memrane/ Structure, ion channels and the action potential

Modes of &rug ction

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The receptor concept and receptor structures

The second messengers

)iochemical )asis of &rug 8nteractions

To!ic &rug Metaolites and their effects on Cellular Structure

The role of ntio!idants

;

Yar I> Rc** Tr

= HMS 6,01> Ha-"h S?*"* Ma!a'!"

)y the end of this course, students will e ale to/

1. Gutline the health policy and system. *ead the process of preparing strategic and operational plans for their

organi3ations.

:. #ork with and supervise other health workers.

$nit1/ Concepts in health policy, planning and management.

$nit / Management of personnel in a health care organi3ation.

$nit :/ 8ntroduction to concepts in health economics and financial management.$nit


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&issociation constants.

8ntrinsic activity and efficacy/ determination and derivation.

P&and P!/ values and determination.

Transmural stimulation.

Canulation of vessels and trachea.

Pitched animal preparations. To!icity testing/ cute, su-acute and chronic testing techni(ues and

evaluation of results. Contact hypersensitivity and skin irritancy testing techni(ues.

llergic reactions and their classifications.

4!traction and isolation oaf pharmacologically active principles from natural

products. Statistical evaluation of pharmacological e!periments.

S%''*"$ Ra$&!'*>

4!perimental Pharmacology y 0upta

Yar II>

1 PHA ;101>R*arch :r#:#*a- r&"&!'

C#%r* O./c"&*

t the end of the course students must e ale to/

1. naly3e situations and identify research (uestions.

. 7ormulate research hypothesis and test them

:. Present a proposal for critical appraisal.

C#!"!" #%"-&!>

%esearchH definition, types and importance

The research proposalH components and importance

*iterature review

Sources of research data

Methods of researchH sample si3e and data analysis.

2 PHA ;102> R*arch Pr#/c" (D&**r"a"!)

C#%r* #./c"&*


1. Conduct a research pro+ect. Manage data generated from a research pro+ect.

:. Summari3e and report data generated from a pharmacological of clinical study.

C#!"!" #%"-&!>

8mplementation of research proposal/ desgning data collection tools,

1:


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Planning for data collection

&ata Management and analysis

&ata presentation

%eport writing.

APPENDI

R*#%rc*>

Physical Facilities

The program will e conducted with resources from the departments of Pharmacology

and Therapeutics, Physiology and )iochemistry. The three departments have well-estalished laoratories for postgraduate training. t the department of Pharmacology

and Therapeutics, there are postgraduate rooms to which are attached laoratories. There

is also a seminar room, which accommodates a well-stocked lirary.

Personnel

The e!isting memers of the participating departments named aove will conduct theprogram. Specialists from the department of Medicine will e called upon to teaching in

the program. 6otale here are topics in %enal and %espiratory physiology and cancer

chemotherapy.

Th c#r *"a++ "# "ach "h :r#'ra

D:ar"!" #+ Pharac#-#'?>

1. Prof. #.#. nokonggo M&., MSc., Ph& Professor

. :. &r. C. Gua M&. MSc.Ph& Senior *ecturer


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D:ar"!" #+ M$&c&!>

1. &r. 4. Midde M)Ch), Mmed. Senior Consultant Physician

. &r. 4. Iigonya M)Ch), Mmed. Senior Consultant Physician

:. &r. M. Gkot-6wang M)Ch), Mmed. Senior Consultant Physician


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master of science in pharmacology

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