mastering · 2019-12-14 · s1 graphic communication—orthographics, isometrics and inventor 2...

M a s t e r i n g

G r a p h i c s

Orthographics, Isometrics and Inventor

S1 Graphic Communication—Orthographics, Isometrics and Inventor

2

Manual Graphics & Inventor Skills The purpose of this booklet is to improve your skills in both manual

graphics and Autodesk Inventor 2015 during your S1

Graphic Communication unit.

This booklet is split into 3

chapters;

1. Getting Started

2. Moving On

3. Mastering

The Graphic-o-Meter will

indicate the difficulty of the

tasks.

Your teacher will provide you with the orthographic and isometric

worksheets to complete your drawings on.

You can find video demonstrations of the various Inventor models on the

school server:

This PC> St Columba’s HS > Design and Technology > S1 > Graphics >

Videos > Autodesk Inventor 2015


3

How to use this booklet

Autodesk Inventor 2015 is a 3D modelling CAD (computer aided

design) software package. We can use it to create realistic 3D models

of objects and products. It can also be used to create orthographic

drawings of the models you create. It is the very same software that

product designers and engineers use in real life every day!

To open Autodesk Inventor 2015, search “inventor” on your taskbar

and select Autodesk Inventor

Professional 2015 from the results

list.

Note: don’t open Inventor View or

Fusion as these aren’t correct.

Orthographic and Isometric Drawings

Inventor Modelling

In each chapter various objects will be shown with the

appropriate dimensions added. Use these to create an

orthographic drawing, either manually or with 2D Design V2. An

arrow will indicate which face is the front of the object. After

completing the orthographics you can use

them alongside the pictures shown to

create your isometric

drawings.


4

Getting Started In this chapter we will focus on the basics of Autodesk Inventor. We will look at

opening the correct file type, starting 2D sketches and creating and extruding

shapes. Your teacher will work through the following example of Object 1 on the

board. Refer back to this example to help you complete Objects 2 to 4.

Opening a new Part file

Navigate to the New icon found in the Launch

panel in the top left corner of the screen.

Notice the Open icon also found in this panel.

Use this to find work you have saved

previously in future sessions.

In the New File dialogue box that opens,

select Metric from the Template folders

available on the left. Under the Part section

select Standard (mm).ipt and double click to

open it.

The Standard (mm) Part file uses the metric

system and therefore all dimensions will be

given in millimetres.

When the Standard (mm).ipt has been

opened you will be presented with a blank

screen.

Navigate to the Start 2D Sketch icon found in

the Sketch panel in the top left of your

screen. Click once.

Be careful when clicking on this icon. Clicking

on the graphic will open the work planes.

Clicking on the text will show all of the

available options. Be sure to select the 2D

sketch option. 3D sketches are much more

complex, we’ll come back to them in Higher

Graphic Communication!

Creating a 2D Sketch


5

Getting Started Selecting a plane

Before we can start drawing on Inventor, we

must select a plane to work on. The planes

will change colour as you hover your cursor

over them.

Highlight the XY plane and click once on it to

begin the sketch.

Think of planes as sheets of paper. Inventor is

asking which sheet of paper do you want to

start drawing your object from. One which

would sit on the front (elevation), side (end

elevation) or top (plan) of your object? The XY

plane is the sheet of paper which would sit

on the front of the object.

After selecting the XY plane a sketching sheet

will have opened with X and Y axes.

Find the Rectangle tool in the Create panel

and click once on the text to see all of the

options.

Select the first option, Two Point Rectangle.

Your cursor will now be a dot, with X

and Y co-ordinates following it.

Move the cursor to the point where

the X and Y axes meet, known as the origin

point.

When your cursor gets close to the origin

point it will snap to it and turn green.

Notice that the co-ordinates are both 0mm.

Drawing a rectangle

Origin point


6

Getting Started Drawing a rectangle

Click once on the origin point. Move your

cursor up and to the right to draw your

rectangle.

The shape will follow your cursor.

Click for a second time to complete your

shape. It can be any size you wish.

Press the Escape (Esc) key on your keyboard

to de-select the Rectangle tool.

We now want to change the size of our

rectangle. We know that the overall length of

Object 1 is 100mm and the overall height is

50mm.

Select the Dimension tool, found in the

Constrain panel at the top of the screen.

Alternatively, press D on the keyboard.

Click once on the top horizontal line of the

rectangle. Move your cursor up. The

dimension line will now follow your cursor.

Click for a second time to create the

dimension.

The Edit Dimension dialogue box will now be

open. Enter 100 in the box and press return

on the keyboard or click the green tick.

You do not need to add mm after the figure

you enter in the box. As this is a Standard

(mm).ipt file, Inventor will assume all

dimensions are being given in millimetres.

Dimensioning


7

Getting Started Dimensioning

Your rectangle may seem to have

disappeared! It hasn’t, but it is now much

larger. Click once on the Front face of the

view cube in the top right corner of your

screen to zoom all and you will see your

shape.

Alternatively, double click on the scroll wheel

of your mouse.

Repeat the dimensioning process on the right

hand vertical line of the rectangle. Click once

on the line, move the cursor to the right to

see the dimension line, click for a second

time to create it. Enter 50 as the figure in the

dialogue box and press return.

Press Escape to deselect the Dimension tool.

To finish the sketch, click once on the green

tick labelled Finish Sketch in the top right

hand corner of your screen.

Alternatively, right click and select the Finish

Sketch option from the fly-out menu.

After finishing the sketch, you may need to

zoom all to see your rectangle.

Finishing the sketch


8

Getting Started Extruding a sketch

Select Extrude from the Create panel in the

top left of your screen.

Alternatively, press E on the keyboard.

The Extrude dialogue box will appear, but it

will be minimised. Click on the tab with the

black arrow to maximise the dialogue box.

Enter 50 in the Extents value box and press

OK. Leave all of the other settings unchanged.

As there is only one profile that could be

possibly be selected, which is the rectangle

you have drawn, Inventor has selected it for

us automatically. In all future extrusions, we

will have to select the profile ourselves,

decide whether we are adding or subtracting

material and we may also need to set a

direction.

You will now have a rectangular prism. It is

100mm long, 50mm in height and 50mm in

width.

Your sketch on the XY plane gave the prism its

X value (length 100mm) and its Y value

(height 50mm). By extruding this rectangle

you gave it a Z value (width 50mm).


9

Getting Started Removing material

Select Start 2D Sketch and click on the front

face of the prism as shown. The faces will

change colour as you move your cursor

across them.

Our rectangular prism represents the overall

dimensions of Object 1, but we can see that

we will need to remove a section to complete

the object.

Our sketching tools will now have appeared

again. Select the Two Point Rectangle tool

and move the cursor to the top right hand

corner of the rectangle.

Your cursor should snap to the corner

and change to green. Click once here to

begin the rectangle.

Draw a rectangle within the existing shape by

moving your cursor down and to the left. Use

the Dimension tool and set the length of the

rectangle to 50mm and the height to 25mm.

To finish the sketch, click once on the green

tick labelled Finish Sketch in the top right

hand corner of your screen.

Alternatively, right click and select the Finish

Sketch option from the fly-out menu.


10

Getting Started Removing material

Select Extrude from the Create panel in the

top left of your screen.

Alternatively, press E on the keyboard.

The Extrude dialogue box will appear, and the

rectangle you have just drawn will be

selected.

Notice that Inventor is trying add material

here. We instead want to remove material.

In the Extrude dialogue box we want to select

the Cut option, which is the middle icon of

the dialogue box.

The Extrude value should remain as 50mm.

Inventor remembers the last value you

entered.

Of the four possible direction options show

below the value box, we want to select the

second, which is Direction 2.

When you select Cut, Inventor should

automatically select Direction 2 for you.

If you have completed the dialogue box as

shown, then a transparent red shape should

be cutting through your original rectangle.

Click OK to confirm this cut.


11

Getting Started Saving you work

Object 1 is now complete! We must now save

it correctly.

Select the floppy disk icon at the very top of

your screen, near the left corner.

Alternatively, hold Ctrl and press S on the

keyboard. You can also find save in the main

menu, found be clicking on the orange letter I

in the top left corner.

The Save As dialogue box will appear. Use the

Save in drop down menu to navigate to your

own folder as follows:

This PC> Your Username > Design and

Technology > S1

Name your part “Object 1” and click Save.

Ensure the file type is “Autodesk Inventor

Parts (.ipt)”.

Using the skills you have just learned creating Object 1, turn the

page and complete Objects 2, 3 and 4.

The Graphic-o-Meter will indicate the difficulty of the tasks.

Remember, there are video demos at This PC >

St Columba’s HS > Design and Technology >

S1 > Graphics > Videos > Autodesk Inventor

2015


12

Getting Started Object 1

Object 2

Front

Front


13

Getting Started Object 3

Object 4

Front

Front

Note: the hole cuts through the entire object.


14

Moving On In this chapter we will focus on further basic tools of Autodesk Inventor. We will

look at using the Line tool in our sketches and applying fillets and chamfers to

objects. Your teacher will work through the following example of Object 5 on the

board. Refer back to this example to help you complete Objects 6 to 8.

Starting the object

Create a rectangular prism which is 100mm

long, 50mm tall and 50mm wide.

Start a new 2D sketch on the Front face of

this object, which should be 100mm by

50mm.

The correct face is shown highlighted in red.

Draw a two point rectangle, starting in the

top left hand corner. Draw this rectangle

within your shape and dimension it so that it

is 50mm long and 25mm tall.

Finish the sketch and extrude this new

rectangle as a cut for 50mm.

This will cut the rectangle out of the entire

object as shown.

Start another 2D sketch on the Front face of

the object again.


15

Moving On Using the Line tool

Select the Line tool from the Create panel in

the top left of your screen.

Alternatively, press L on the keyboard.

Position your cursor in the top left corner of

the upper block on your object. It is the

tallest point in the centre of your object. The

cursor should snap to the corner and turn

green. Click once here to begin drawing your

line.

Provided you created your original sketch on

the XY plane and started sketching from the

origin point, your co-ordinates here should

read 50mm for both the X and Y value.

Move your cursor to the right hand edge of

your object. Your cursor should snap to it.

Move your cursor towards the centre of this

line. When your cursor finds the centre it

will turn green and snap to that point. Click

once here to complete your line.

Begin your second line on the point where

your first line finished. Draw a vertical line to

the top right corner of the object and click

once to complete it.

Begin your third and final line on this corner.

Draw a horizontal line across to the corner

where your first line began. Click once to

complete it.

You have now drawn a triangle.


16

Moving On Completing the object

You can now finish the sketch and select

Extrude.

Extrude the triangle as a cut for 50mm.

Remember to select the Cut option, which is

the second option in the centre of the

dialogue box.

The value should be 50mm.

The direction, which is the option below the

value box, should be Direction 2.

Do not click OK until your extrusion is

represented as the red triangle shown here.

We are now ready to use the Fillet tool. A

fillet is a rounded corner or a rounded edge

on an object. Select the Fillet tool from the

Modify panel at the top of the screen.

The Fillet dialogue box will open. You may

need to expand it by clicking on the black

arrowhead.

We want to set the radius of our fillets as

5mm. The Select mode option should be set

to Edge. No other changes need to be made

to this dialogue box.

Using the Fillet tool


17

Moving On Using the Chamfer tool

For Objects 7 and 8, chamfers are applied to

some edges. A chamfer is an angled edge or

corner of an object. To apply this, select the

Chamfer tool by clicking the small arrow

below the Fillet tool and selecting the

Chamfer tool.

The Chamfer dialogue box will open. You may

need to expand it by clicking on the black

arrowhead.

We want to set the distance of our chamfers

as 5mm. No other changes need to be made

to this dialogue box.

Hover your cursor over an edge you wish to

apply the fillet/chamfer to. The edge will be

shown in red.

Click once and the edge will show a preview

of the fillet/chamfer in blue/green.

Select all of the required edges and click OK

when complete.

Save your objects using the method shown

on page 11.

Turn the page and create objects 5 to 8.

Remember, there are video demos at This

PC> St Columba’s HS > Design and

Technology > S1 > Graphics > Videos >

Autodesk Inventor 2015

Using the Fillet/Chamfer tool


18

Moving On Object 5

Object 6

Front

Front


19

Moving On Object 7

Object 8

Front

Front


20

Mastering In this chapter we will focus on the more advanced capabilities of Autodesk Inventor.

We will look at opening the correct type of Assembly file and how to assemble various

Part files together. Your teacher will work through the following example of Object 9

on the board. Refer back to this example to help you complete Objects 10 and 11. You

will need to create Blocks 1, 2 and 3 as shown on page xx before attempting this task.

Navigate to the New icon found in the Launch

panel in the top left corner of the screen.

In the New File dialogue box that opens,

select Metric from the Template folders

available on the left. Under the Assembly

section select Standard (mm).iam and double

click to open it.

The Standard (mm) Assembly file uses the

metric system and therefore all dimensions

will be given in millimetres.

When the Standard (mm).iam has been

opened you will be presented with a blank

screen.

Navigate to the Place icon found in the

Component panel in the top left of your

screen. Click once.

Be careful when clicking on this icon. Clicking

on the graphic will open a dialogue box to

navigate to your Part files Clicking on the text

will show all of the available options. Be sure

to select the singular Place option. All other

Place options, such as Place from Content

Centre, are not suitable.

Opening a new Assembly file

Placing component parts


21

Mastering Placing component parts

The Place dialogue box will now be open.

Navigate to the folder in which you saved

Blocks 1, 2 and 3. It should be as follows:


Technology > S1

Select Block 1 and press Open.

When you select a part, the box will show a

preview of the file.

A ghost preview of the object will appear on

the screen and will follow your cursor. Click

once to place this object into your file.

This object will now appear solid and another

ghost preview will follow your cursor.

Press Escape on the keyboard to cancel the

placement of a second Block 1.

Alternatively, right click and select OK from

the fly-out menu.

Repeat this process to place Block 2 and

Block 3. You should now have placed one

copy of each Block.


22

Mastering Using the Constrain tool

To assemble these blocks into a complete

object, we need to use the Constrain tool.

The Constrain tool is used to join and align

part files to each other. Select it from the

Relationships tab.

The Place Constraint dialogue box will now

open. This has many options, but there are

very few we need to change. The first step is

to Mate two faces together. Ensure the Mate

option is selected in the Solution section of

the dialogue box. It is the option on the left.

Mating one face to another means joining

them together.

We will first mate the top of Block 1 to the

bottom of Block 2. As you hover your cursor

over a face, it will be highlighted and outlined

in red. Click once when you have highlighted

the correct face as shown here.

Use the View Cube in the top right corner to

rotate your part files in order to see the

bottom of Block 2. Click once on the bottom

of Block 2 in the same way you clicked on

the top of Block 1.

Then click Apply on the Place Constraint

dialogue box.


23


Block 1 and Block 2 will now be joined

together, however Block 2 is not in the

correct location. We will need to use the

Flush option to align the blocks properly.

Flush is the option on the right of the solution

section. Click once to select it.

If the faces of two objects are flush, it means

that they are level with each other.

Ensuring you have the Flush option selected,

click once on the narrower side face of Block

2. Then click once on the longer, narrow face

of Block 1.

The two faces will now highlighted and both

will be flush with each other. Click Apply to

confirm this.

Notice the red arrows with a cross at their

base. They are both pointing in the same

direction.

We will now repeat this process to make the

wider face of Block 2 and the shorter, narrow

face of Block 1 flush with each other.


24


Finally, we need to constrain Block 3 to

complete the object. Select the Mate option

again and click once on the top of Block 1.

Then click once on the bottom of Block 3.

Click Apply to confirm this constraint.

You should use the View Cube to rotate your

parts as necessary in order to get the best

view of what you are doing.

Continue to use the Mate option and select

the back of Block 3 by clicking once as shown

here.

Then click on the wider face of Block 2, which

is indicated with an arrow here.

Click Apply to confirm this constraint.

To complete Object 9, we must flush the

faces of Blocks 2 and 3.

Select the Flush option.

Click once on the side of Block 2 and once on

the side of Block 3 as shown here.

Click OK to confirm this constraint and to

close the dialogue box.


25


Object 9 is now complete! We must now save

it correctly.

Select the floppy disk icon at the very top of

your screen, near the left corner.

Alternatively, hold Ctrl and press S on the

keyboard.

The Save As dialogue box will appear. Use the

Save in drop down menu to navigate to your

own folder as follows:


Technology > S1

Name your part “Object 9” and click Save.

Ensure the file type is “Autodesk Inventor

Assemblies (.iam)”.

When creating and saving Assembly files, all

of the Part (.ipt) files and the final Assembly

(.iam) file must be saved in the same folder. If

not, the file will not save properly.

Using the skills you have just learned creating Object 9, turn the

page and complete Objects 10 and 11, the cross and the boat.

The Graphic-o-Meter will indicate the difficulty of the tasks.

Remember, there are video demos at This PC >

St Columba’s HS > Design and Technology >

S1 > Graphics > Videos > Autodesk Inventor

2015


26

Mastering Blocks 1, 2 and 3

Object 9

Front


27

Mastering Object 10

Front

Object 11

Front


28

Mastering Cross Base

Cross Vertical

Front

Front

Note: the hole in the centre is 10mm deep

Note: the cross halving joint is 6mm deep.


29

Mastering Cross Horizontal

Assembled

Front

Front

Note: the cross halving joint is 6mm deep.


30

Mastering Boat Hull

Front

Note: 10mm chamfers


31

Mastering Boat Bridge and Boat Funnel

Assembled Boat

Front

Front

Note: These are 2 separate parts which should be

created and saved individually.

Note: Bridge overhangs by 5mm

on each side of the hull.

mastering · 2019-12-14 · s1 graphic communication—orthographics, isometrics and inventor 2...

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