[email protected] mapping comfort in los angeles sorin matei project goals project description research...
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Mapping Comfort in Los AngelesMapping Comfort in Los Angeles
Sorin MATEI
Project Goals
Project Description
Research Design
Map Aggregation
Types of Maps
Spatial Modeling
Future Plans
Related Documents
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Mapping Component GoalsMapping Component Goals
To map comfort and connectedness in Los Angeles
To digitize and rasterize hand drawn maps of Los Angeles
Statistical analysis of communication factors contributing to sense of comfort in Los Angeles
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Multi-Method Research DesignMulti-Method Research Design
Data collected for the METAMORPHOSIS project
Forty-Minute Telephone Interview (N = 250 households per area, 1488 completed)
Focus Groups (9 completed) Community Organization Interviews Community Leader Interviews
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Telephone InterviewsTelephone Interviews
Major Variables Include:– Cohesion and Integration – Low and High-Tech Modes of
Communication– Travel and Inter-Area Contact Patterns– Subjective and Objective Sense of
Belonging– Regional Community Connections– Community Capital
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Map collectionMap collection
58 people from 4 areas colored in during focus groups black and white maps of LA:– Crenshaw, Westside, South Pasadena, East Los Angeles
Collection in progress:– Koreatown, Pico-Union, Alhambra– data collected, not yet digitized
The maps are individually redrawn as vector layers in ArcView GIS
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Drawing the mapsDrawing the maps
Respondents recruited focus groups were asked to color in :RED - uncomfortable areas
ORANGE - somewhat comfortable areas
GREEN - comfortable areas
BLUE - unknown areas
Each color is assigned a numeric value in the attribute table:
Red = -1Blue = 0
Orange = 1Green = 2
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Sample map in grid formatSample map in grid format
The map is divided into 281 columns and 238 rows (66878 cells). Each cell is located on an X-Y coordinate system and has a unique value.
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Map aggregationMap aggregation
Grid maps allow mathematical manipulation
Cells can be added, averaged, etc. across maps
Area maps are obtained by averagingCell values can be grouped by
standard deviation
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Map legend and chartMap legend and chart
Colors represent deviation from the mean
Above the mean (comfortable) = green
Below the mean (uncomfortable) = red
Each shade = 1/4 standard deviation
Chart shows number of cells per shade
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Types of maps producedTypes of maps produced
Area maps– average of maps drawn by respondents from the same
area
Inter-area maps– average maps of subsets of areas
• White ethnicity maps (Westside and South Pasadena)
• White and African American maps• White and Latino maps
– capture interethnic dynamics in the area
Los Angeles Composite Map
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Average map: Westside respondentsAverage map: Westside respondents
Note South Central high discomfort area
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South Central discomfort area becomes larger compared to the Westside map but diminishes in intensity
Average map: S. Pass respondentsAverage map: S. Pass respondents
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White respondents feel uncomfortable both in South Central and East LA
Average map: White respondentsAverage map: White respondents
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South Central discomfort area stays red but diminishes in intensity and moves East of Harbor Freeway
Average map: East LA respondentsAverage map: East LA respondents
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South Central discomfort area vanishes although respondents do not live in SC per se
Average map: Crenshaw respondentsAverage map: Crenshaw respondents
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When adding African American maps to White maps, SC discomfort area diminishes, but East LA stays uncomfortable
White and Black respondents mapWhite and Black respondents map
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White and Latino respondents mapWhite and Latino respondents map
The map strikingly resembles the one drawn by White respondents. Latinos less likely to know the city (especially women).
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Grand total map (all areas)Grand total map (all areas)
White structure of the map dominates. East Los Angeles and South Central are considered uncomfortable
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Preliminary conclusionsPreliminary conclusions
North-West / South East division of the city
Compton - Watts most uncomfortable
Westside most comfortable areaGlendale also comfortableSan Fernando Valley mixed
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Spatial modellingSpatial modelling
Spatial Correlations– LA Composite map and crime maps– Issues of control
Each respondent will have red/green ratio entered in the telephone survey dataset
Predict degree of comfort by using media connectedness
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Future plansFuture plans
Collecting supplementary data–mail out with blank maps and markers– increase no. of maps per area
Survey datasets– point maps - area you frequently go or
avoid– interpolation (kringing)– interarea connectedness (have you been
to…)
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