UNIVERSITY OF THE EAST – CALOOCANCOLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Electrical Engineering Department

ASSIGNMENT 1NES 120 – [SECTION]

Material Science and Engineering

Submitted To:Mr. Lo

ECE Professor

Submitted By:Querol, Paul Thaddeus O.

September 28, 2013

What property of an element is determined by the number of protons in its nucleus?a. Atomic weight b. Atomic numberc. Isotopes d. Atomic mass unit

What do you call the electronics at the outermost shell of an atom?

a. Holes b. Isotopesc. Valence electrons d. Neutrons

The mass of a neutron is approximately how many times greater than the mass of an electron?

a. 1839 b. 1836 c. 1863 d. 1893

The mass of a proton is approximately how many times greater than the mass of an electron?

a. 1839 b. 1836 c. 1863 d. 1893

What is the mass (in grams) of an electron?a. 9.107 x 10-28 b. 1.675 x 10-24

c. 1.672 x 10-24 d. 1.079 x 10-28

What is the mass (in grams) of a proton?a. 9.107 x 10-28 b. 1.675 x 10-24

c. 1.672 x 10-24 d. 1.079 x 10-28

What is the mass (in grams) of a neutron?a. 9.107 x 10-28 b. 1.675 x 10-24

c. 1.672 x 10-24 d. 1.079 x 10-28

What is the charge of an electron?a. -1.601 x 10-19 coulombsb. -1.801 x 10-19 coulombsc. -1.501 x 10-19 coulombsd. -1.401 x 10-19 coulombs

What is the charge of a proton?a. 1.401 x 10-19 coulombsb. 1.501 x 10-19 coulombsc. 1.601 x 10-19 coulombsd. 1.701 x 10-19 coulombs

What types of materials behave like iron when placed in a magnetic field?

a. Crystalsb. Amorphous materialsc. Ferromagnetic materialsd. Metalloids

What do you call the distinct pattern in space which the atoms of metal arranged themselves when they combine to produce a substance of recognizable size?

a. Space – lattice b. Crystalc. Grain d. Unit CellWhat are considered as the “building blocks” for

engineering materials?

a. Atoms b. Elementsc. Matters d. Compounds

What is a pure substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means to a simpler substance?

a. Atom b. Elementc. Compounds d. Matter

What determines the ability of atoms to combine with other atoms?

a. The valence electronsb. The number of electronsc. The atomic numberd. The atomic weight

What is the generally accepted nominal mass of a proton?

a. 1 AMU b. 10 AMUc. 0.1 AMU d. 5 AMU

What is the term used to describe the amount of energy that is given off when an electron moves from one orbit to a lower orbit?

a. Valence b. Quantumc. Fusion d. Fission

What refers to a metal combined with one or more other elements?

a. Mixture b. Compoundc. Alloy d. Molecule

What refers to chemically combined elements with definite proportions of the component elements?

a. Mixture b. Moleculec. Compound d. Alloy

What refers to a physically blend of two or more substances ?

a. Molecule b. Mixturec. Alloy d. Compound

What is the smallest part of a compound that still retains the properties of that compound?

a. Alloy b. Elementc. Molecule d. Unit cell

When a solid has a crystalline structure, the atoms arranged in repeating structures called_____.

a. lattice b. unit cellc. crystal d. domain

What type of bonding refers to the sharing of electrons?

a. Covalent bondingb. Van der Waals bonding

c. Metallic bondingd. Ionic bonding

What refers to a crystal imperfection characterized by regions of severe atomic misfit where atoms are not properly surrounded by neighbor atoms?

a. Discrystallization b. Dislocationc. Slip step d. Dispersion

What do you call metals reinforced by ceramic or other materials, usually in fiber form?

a. Metalloidsb. Matrix alloysc. Metal latticesd. Metal matrix composites

What is the usual valence of nonmetallic elements ?

a. 5 b. 6c. 7 d. All of the choices

Metalloids have a valence of _____.a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. unity

What is a combination of one or more metals with a nonmetallic element?

a. Metalloids b. Matrix compositesc. Inert d. Ceramic

What do you call an atom that has lost or gain an electron?

a. Ion b. Cationc. Hole d. Neutron

Polymer comes from Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “meros” which means _____.

a. metal b. materialc. part d. plastic

The engineering materials known as “plastics” are more correctly called ______.

a. Polyvinyl Chloride b. Polymersc. Polyethylene d. Mers

What is a combination of two or more materials that has properties that the components materials do not have by themselves?

a. Compound b. Compositec. Mixture d. Matrix

What is a reference sheet for the elements that can be used to form engineering materials?

a. Periodic tableb. Truth tablec. Building blocks of Materialsd. Structure of Materials

Who has been accepted as the author of the periodic table which was developed by chemists in the mid-nineteenth century?

a. Vickers b. Knoopc. Rockwell d. Mendeleev

What physical property of a material that refers to the point at which a material liquefies on heating or solidifies on cooling?

a. Melting point b. Curie pointc. Refractive index d. Specific heat

What physical property of a material that refers to the temperature at which ferromagnetic materials can no longer be magnetized by outside forces?

a. Melting point b. Thermal conductivityc. Thermal expansion d. Curie point

What is the ratio of the velocity of light in a vacuum to its velocity in another material?

a. Refractive index b. Poisson ratioc. Density d. Mach number

What physical property of a material refers to the amount of weight gain (%) experienced in a polymer after immersion in water for a specified length of time under a controlled environment?

a. Dielectric strength b. Electric resistivityc. Water absorption d. Thermal conductivity

What physical property of a material that refers to the rate of heat flow per unit time in a homogenous material under steady-state conditions, per unit area, unit temperature gradient in a direction perpendicular to area?

a. Thermal expansionb. Thermal conductivityc. Heat distortion temperatured. Water absorption

What is the absolute value of the ratio of the transverse strain to the corresponding axial strain in a body subjected to uniaxial stress?

a. Poisson’s ratio b. Euler’s ratioc. Refractive index d. Dielectric index

What physical property of a material refers to the highest potential difference (voltage) that an insulating material of given thickness can withstand for a specified time without occurrence of electrical breakdown through its bulk?

a. Thermal expansion b. conductivityc. Dielectric strength d. Electric resistivity

What physical property of a material refers to the ratio of the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance 1 degree to the heat required to raise the same mass of water to 1 degree?

a. Specific heat b. Latent heatc. Heat of fusion d. Heat of fission

What physical property of a material refers to the temperature at which a polymer under a specified load shows a specified amount of deflection?

a. Curie temperatureb. Specific heatc. Heat distortion temperatured. Thermal conductivity

What mechanical property of a material refers to the nominal stress at fracture in a tension test at constant load and constant temperature?

a. Creep strengthb. Stress rapture strengthc. Compressive yield strengthd. Hardness

What mechanical property of a material refers to the resistance to plastic deformation?

a. Rigidity b. Plasticityc. Ductility d. Hardness

What typical penetrator is used in Brinell hardness test?

a. 10 mm ballb. 120° diamond (brale)c. 1.6 mm diameter balld. 20° needle

What parameter is defined as the temperature at which the toughness of the material drops below some predetermined value, usually 15 ft-lb?

a. Nil ductility temperatureb. Curie temperaturec. Thermal conductivityd. Heat distortion temperature

What is obtained by repeatedly loading a specimen at given stress levels until it fails?

a. Elastic limitb. Endurance limit or fatigue strength of materialc. Creepd. All of these

What dimensional property of a material refers to the deviation from edge straightness?

a. Lay b. Out of flatc. Camber d. Waviness

What dimensional property of a material refers to a wavelike variation from a perfect surface, generally much wider in spacing and higher in amplitude than surface roughness?

a. Lay b. Wavinessc. Surface finish d. Out of flat

Wood is composed of chains of cellulose molecules bonded together by another natural polymer called _____.

a. plastic b. ligninc. mer d. additive

What is a polymer production process that involves forming a polymer chain containing two different monomers?

a. Copolymerization b. Blendingc. Alloying d. Cross-linking

What is the generic name of a class of polymer which is commercially known as “nylon”?

a. Polyacetals b. Polyamidec. Cellulose d. Polyester

By definition, a rubber is a substance that has at least _____ elongation in tensile test and is capable of returning rapidly and forcibly to its original dimensions when load is removed.

a. 100 % b. 150 %c. 200 % d. 250 %

What is a method of forming polymer sheets or films into three-dimensional shapes, in which the sheet is clamped on the edge, heated until it softens and sags, drawn in contact with the mold by vacuum, and cooled while still in contact with the mold?

a. Calendering b. Blow moldingc. Thermoforming d. Solid phase forming

What is a process of forming continuous shapes by forcing a molten polymer through a metal die?

a. Calendering b. Thermoformingc. Lithugraphy d. Extrusion

What chemical property of a material which refers to its ability to resist deterioration by chemical or electrochemical reactions with environment?

a. Stereospecificityb. Corrosion resistancec. Conductivityd. Electrical resistance

What refers to the tendency for polymers and molecular materials to form with an ordered, spatial, three-dimensional arrangement of monomer molecules?

a. Stereospecificityb. Conductivityc. Retentivityd. Spatial configuration

What is the ratio of the maximum load in a tension test to the original cross-sectional area of the test bar?

a. Tensile strength b. Yield strengthc. Shear strength d. Flexural strength

What is the ratio of stress to strain in a material loaded within its elastic range?

a. Poisson’s ratio b. Refractive indexc. Modulus of elasticity d. Percent elongation

What is a measure of rigidity?a. Stiffness b. Hardnessc. Strength d. Modulus of elasticity

The greatest stress which a material is capable of withstanding without a deviation from acceptable of stress to strain is called _____.

a. elongation b. proportional limitc. yield point d. elastic limit

What refers to the stress at which material exhibits a specified deviation from proportionality of stress and strain?

a. Tensile strength b. Shear strengthc. Yield strength d. Flexural strength

What is the amount of energy required to fracture a given volume of material?

a. Impact strength b. Endurance limitc. Creep strength d. Stress rupture strength

What mechanical property of a material which is a time-dependent permanent strain under stress?

a. Elongation b. Elasticityc. Creep d. Rupture

In tensile testing, the increase in the gage length measured after the specimen fractures within the gage length is called _____.

a. Percent elongation b. Creepc. Elasticity D. Rupture

What is the resistance of a material to plastic deformation?

a. Hardness b. Stiffnessc. Creepage d. Rigidity

What is the maximum stress below which a material can theoretically endure an infinite number of stress cycles?

a. Endurance state b. Endurance testc. Endurance limit d. Endurance strength

What is a substance that attracts piece of iron?a. Conductor b. Semiconductorc. Magnetd. All of the choices

Which of the following is a natural magnet?a. Steel b. Magnesiac. Lodestone d. Soft iron

Which of the following materials has permeability slightly lass than that pf free space?

a. Paramagnetic materialsb. Non-magnetic materialsc. Ferromagnetic materialsd. Diamagnetic materials

What materials has permeabilities slighter greater than that of free space?

a. Paramagnetic materialsb. Non-magnetic materialsc. Ferromagnetic materialsd. Diamagnetic materials

Which of the following materials have very high permeabilities?

a. Paramagnetic materialsb. Non-magnetic materialsc. Ferromagnetic materialsd. Diamagnetic materials

What ASTM test for tension is designated for plastics?

a. A370 b. D638 c. E292 d. C674What ASTM test for compression is designated

for plastics?a. D638 b. D695 c. D790 d. D732

What ASTM test for shear strength is designated for plastics?

a. D732 b. D790 c. D695 d. D638

What is the ASTM tension testing designation for standard methods for steel products?

a. A370 b. E345 c. E8 d. C674

What is defined by ASTM as a material that contains as an essential ingredient an organic substance of large molecular weight, is solid in its finished state, and at some stage in its manufactured or in its processing into finished articles, can be shaped by flow?

a. Metal b. Metalloid

c. Plastic d. Ceramic

Some polymetric materials such as epoxies are formed by strong primary chemical bonds called _____.

a. Metallic bond b. Van der Waals bondc. Cross linking d. Covalent bond

What do you call a polymer without additives and without blending with another polymer?

a. Homopolymer b. Ethenic polymerc. Polyethylene d. Copolymer

A large molecule with two alternating mers is known as?

a. monomer b. elastomerc. mers d. copolymer or interpolymer

What term is used to describe a polymer that has rubberlikr properties?

a. Vulcanizer b. Elasticmerc. Polychloroprene d. Elastomer

What is defined as an alloy of iron and carbon, with the carbon being restricted within certain concentration limits?

a. Steel b. Wrought Ironc. Cast iron d. Tendons

What is the most popular steel refining process or technique which involves casting of steel from the BOF or elastic furnace into cylindrical ingots?

a. Vacuum arm remelting (VAR)b. Vacuum indication melting (VIM)c. Electron beam refiningd. Electroslag refiningIn what special refining process o steel where

molten metal is poured down a tundish (chute) into an ingot mold?

a. Electroslag refiningb. Vacuum arm meltingc. Vacuum indication meltingd. Electron beam refining

What type of steel has carbon as its principal hardening agent/

a. Alloy steel b. Stainless steelc. Galvanized steel d. Carbon steel

What type of steel has 0.8% carbon and 100% pearlite?

a. Austenite b. Eutectoidc. Hyper-eutectoid d. Stainless steel

What group of steels are water-hardened tool steels?

a. Group S b. Group W

c. Group O d. Group T

What group of steels are molybdenum high-speed steels?

a. Group A b. Group Dc. Group M d. Group H

Steels that are used for axles, gears, and similar parts requiring medium to high hardness and high strength are known as?

a. Medium-carbon steelb. low-carbon steelc. Very high-carbon steeld. High-carbon steel

Galvanized steel are steel products coated with _____.

a. Carbon b. Sulfurc. Zinc d. Nickel

Low-quality steels with an M suffix on the designation intended for nonstructural application is classified as _____.

a. Merchant qualityb. Commercial qualityc. Drawing qualityd. Special quality

The use of acids to remove oxides and scale on hot-worked steels is known as _____.

a. Temperingb. Pickingc. Machiningd. Galvanizing

The purpose of molybdenum in steel alloying is to?

a. increase brittlenessb. increase dynamic and high-temperature

strength and hardnessc. reduce brittleness, combine with sulfurd. increase corrosion and resistance

Indicate the false statement.a. About 10% of the earth’s crust is iron.b. Pure iron does not have significant industrial

use because it is too weak and soft.c. Steel is an alloy of carbon and iron with limits

on the amount of carbon (less than 2%)d. Steel is made by reducing oxide ore of iron by

thermochemical reactions in a blast furnace or direct reduction vessel.

What does AISI stands for?a. Asian Institute of Steel Industriesb. American Institute of Steel Industriesc. Association of Iron and Steel Industriesd. American Iron and Steel Institute

What does SAE stands for?a. Society of Automotive Engineersb. Society of American Engineersc. Society of Architects and Engineersd. Society of Alloy Engineers

What does ASTM stands for?a. Association of Steel Testing and Materialsb. American Society for Testing and Materialsc. Asian Society for Testing and Materialsd. Allied Society for Testing and Materials

What prefix in steel identification means composition varies from normal limits?

a. E b. H c. X d. B

What prefix in steel identification means it is made in an electric furnace?

a. E b. H c. X d. B

What letter suffix in steel identification means that it is steel with boron as an alloying element?

a. xxLxx b. xxBxxc. xxHxx d. xxKxx

What do you call tin mill steel without a coating?a. White plate b. Tin steel freec. Black plate d. Dechromate tin

What combination of elements has high electrical resistance, high corrosion resistance, and high strength at red heat temperatures, making it useful in resisstance heating?

a. Aluminum bronze b. Nichromec. Hastelloy d. Alnico

A steel cannot qualify for stainless prefix until it has at least how many percent of chromium?

a. 10% b. 20% c. 25% d. 5%

What do you add to compensate for the remaining high iron oxide content of the steel?

a. Deorizers b. Deoxidizersc. Deterrent d. Detoxifiers

Which of the following cast irons is a high-carbon, iron-carbon-silicon alloy?

a. Gray iron b. Malleable ironc. White iron d. Alloy iron

Which of the following cast irons is heat-treated for ductility?

a. Gray iron b. Malleable ironc. White iron d. Ductile iron

Which cast iron is hard and wear resistant?a. Gray iron b. Ductile ironc. White iron d. Malleable iron

What is considered as the general purpose, oldest type and widely used cast iron?

a. Gray iron b. Ductile ironc. Alloy iron d. Malleable iron

The effect of manganese in cast iron is to?a. affect the machinability, ductility and

shrinkage depending on formb. reduce hardness by combining with sulfur

below 0.5% and increase hardness above 0.5%

c. deoxidize molten cast irond. increase fluidity and lowers melting

temperature

The effect of aluminum in cast iron is to?a. increase hardness above 0.5%b. deoxidize molten cast ironc. affect the machinability, ductility, and

shrinkage depending on formd. reduce hardness by combining with sulfur

below 0.5%

The effect of silicon in cast iron is to?a. reduce hardness by combining with sulfur

below 0.5% and increase hardness above 0.5%

b. increase fluidity and lowers melting temperature

c. softens iron and increases ductility below 3.25%, hardens iron above 3.25% and increase acid and corrosion resistance above 13%

d. deoxidizes molten cast iron

Iron is said to be abundant in nature. About how many percent of the earth’s crust is iron?

a. 10% b. 5% c. 20% d. 8%

What is the advantage of quench hardening?a. Improved strengthb. Hardnessc. Wear characteristicsd. All of the choices

What is the lowest-temperature diffusion-hardening process and does not require a quench?

a. Carburizing b. Temperingc. Nitriding d. Heat-treating

The following statements are true expect one. Which one?

a. Carburizing does not harden a steelb. Flame and induction hardening require the

use of hardenable steels.c. Quench-hardened steel does not require

tampering to prevent brittleness.d. Induction hardening is usually most efficient

on small parts.

Which of the following is a requirement for hardening a steel?

a. Heating to the proper temperatureb. Sufficient carbon contentc. Adequate quenchd. All of the choices

What field of study encompasses the procurement and production of metals?

a. Metallurgy b. Geologyc. Material Science d. Metalgraphy

What do you call earth and stone mixed with the iron oxides?

a. Hematite b. Magnetitec. Gangue d. Ore

What is a coal that has been previously burned in an oxygen-poor environment?

a. Tuyere b. Cokec. Diamond d. Hematite

What is the most common alloying ingredient in copper?

a. Brass b. Zincc. Nickel d. Aluminum

What refers to the casehardening process by which the carbon content of the steel near the surface of a part is increased?

a. Carburizing b. Annealingc. Normalizing d. Martempering

What is the process of heating a hardened steel to any temperature below the lower critical temperature, followed by ant desired rate of cooling?

a. Normalizing b. Spheroidizingc. Carburizing d. Tempering

What is defined as intimate mechanical mixture of two or more phases having a definite composition and a definite temperature of transformation within the solid state?

a. Pearlite b. Eutectoidc. Austernite d. Delta solid solution

What is the most undesirable of all the elements commonly found in steels

a. Sulfur b. Phosphorusc. Silicon d. Manganese

What impurity in steel can cause “red shortness”, which means the steel becomes unworkable at high temperature?

a. Sulfur b. Siliconc. Manganese d. Phosphorus

What is a method of casehardening involving diffusion in which the steel to be casehardening is machined, heat-treated, placed in an air-tight box and heated to about 1000°F?

a. Annealing b. Normalizingc. Carburizing d. Nitriding

What is a process of producing a hard surface in a steel having a sufficiently high carbon content to respond to hardening by a rapid cooling of the surface?

a. Cyaniding b. Nitridingc. Flame hardening d. Induction hardening

What is the most common reinforcement for polymer composites?

a. Boron b. Ceramicc. Graphite d. Glass fiber

In electrochemistry, oxidation is a lost of _____.a. Ion b. Electronc. Proton d. Anode

What is the process of putting back the lost electrons to convert the ion back to a metal?

a. Oxidation b. Corrosionc. Reduction d. Ionization

Oxidation in an electrochemical cell always takes place where?

a. At the anodeb. at the cathodec. at the electroded. at both cathode and anode

Reduction in an electrochemical cell always takes place where?

a. At the anodeb. at the cathodec. at the electroded. at both cathode and anode

What do you call a fluid that conducts electricity?a. Electrolyte b. Waterc. Solution d. Acid

The _____ of an environment serves as a measure of the strength of acids and bases.

a. pH measurement b. humidityc. passivity d. impurities

What is the pH value for a neutral solution?a. 3 b. 5 c. 7 d. 9

The solutions with pH values from 1 to 6 are _____.

a. base b. alkalinec. neutral d. acid

The solutions with pH values from 7 to 12 are _____.

a. base b. alkalinec. neutral d. acid

“pH” stands for _____.a. positive helium ionb. positive hydrogen ionc. polyheliumd. polyhydrate

What is defined as a local corrosion damaged characterized by surface cavities?

a. Cracking b. Pittingc. Cavitation d. Erosion

What do you call the removal of zinc from brasses?

a. Dezincification b. Graphitizationc. Stabilization d. Dealloying

What is the scaling off of a surface in flakes or layers as the result of corrosion?

a. Expoliation b. Corrosion fatiguec. Scaping d. Fretting

What corrosion occurs under organic coatings on metals as fine,wavy hairlines?

a. Stray current corrosionb. Microbiological corrosionc. Filiform corrosiond. Fretting corrosion

What refers to the deterioration of materials by oscillatory relative motion of small amplitude (20 to 100 μm) between two solid surfaces in a corrosive environment?

a. Stray current corrosionb. Microbiological corrosionc. Filiform corrosiond. Fretting corrosion

Indicate the false statement about corrosion.

a. Plastics and ceramics are immune to many forms of corrosion because they are not good conductors of electricity.

b. The corroded member in a corrosion cell is the cathode.

c. Passivity is a prerequisite for the corrosion protection of many metals.

d. Corrosion of metals is usually electrochemical in nature.

Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon with limits on the amount of carbon to less than _____ percent.

a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 1 to 5

What is the approximate chromium range of a ferritic stainless steel?

a. 12 % to 18 % b. 10 % to 12 %c. 16 % to 20 % d. 20 % to 24 %

Indicate false statement about stainless steel?a. The density of stainless is about the same as

carbon or low-alloy steelsb. Stainless steels are poor conductors of heat.c. Stainless steels are poor conductors of

electricity.d. Stainless steels have tensile moduli greater

than those of carbon and alloy steels.

What are the four major alloying elements of austenitic stainless steals?

a. Iron, chromium, carbon and nickelb. Iron, chromium, zinc and nickelc. Iron, chromium, carbon and zincd. Iron, chromium, carbon and copper

The electrical resistance of stainless steels can be as much as _____ times that of carbon steel.

a. 5 b. 6 c. 10 d. 15

What refers to a shape achieved by allowing a liquid to solidify in a mold?

a. Casting b. Moldingc. Forming d. All of the choices

Which of the following is NOT a hardware requirement for die casting?

a. Water-cooled metal cavitiesb. Machined metal holding blocksc. Ejection mechanismd. Metal mold (maching halves)

What cast iron has nodular of spheroidal graphite?

a. Ductile iron b. Wrought ironc. Gray iron d. White iron

What is a process for making glass-reinforced shapes that can be generated by pulling resin-impregnated glass strands through a die?

a. Continuous pultrusionb. Bulk moldingc. Vacuum bag formingd. Resin transfer moulding

What is a natural substance that makes up a significant portion of all plant life?

a. Cellulose b. Polyacetalc. Polycarbonates d. Polyimides

What term is used to denote a family of thermosetting polymers that are reaction products of alcohols and acids?

a. Alkaline b. Alkydesc. Alcocids d. Aldehyde

What is the AISI-SAE steel designation for nickel 3.50 ally?

a. 13XX b. 23XXc. 25XX d. 31XX

What is the AISI-SAE designation for resulfurized and rephosphorized carbon steel?

a. 13XX b. 31XXc. 23XX d. 12XX

The Group H steels can be used in what temperature range?

a. 600°C to 1100°Cb. 1000°C to 1500°Cc. 1100°C to 2000°Cd. 200°C to 800°C

The following are primary alloying ingredient of Group H steels expect:

a. Molybdenum b. Tungstenc. Cobalt d. Chromium

The chrome-molybdenum steels contain how many percent of molybdenum?

a. 0.10 b. 0.20c. 0.30 d. 0.40

The chrome-vanadium steels contain how many percent of vanadium?

a. 0.15 to 0.30 b. 0.05 to 0.15c. 0.30 to 0.45 d. 0.45 to 0.60

Manganese steel usually contains how many percent of manganese?

a. 1 to 5 b. 5 to 10c. 11 to 14 d. 14 to 18

The wear-resistance of this material is attributed to its ability to _____, that is, the hardness is increased greatly when the steel is cold worked.

a. cold hardenb. stress hardenc. cool-temperature resistantd. strain harden

The special chrome steels of the stainless variety contain how many percent of chromium?

a. 4 to 8 b. 9 to 10c. 11 to 17 d. 17 to 21

What refers to the application of any process whereby the surface of steel is altered so that it will become hard?

a. Carburizing b. Casehardeningc. Annealing d. Surfacehardening

What refers to the ability of steel to be hardened through to its center in large section?

a. Malleability b. Hardenabilityc. Spheroidability d. Rigidity

What is the equilibrium temperature of transformation of austenite to pearlite?

a. 1000°F b. 1333°Fc. 1666°F d. 1222°F

What structure is formed when transformation occurs at temperatures down to the knee of the curves?

a. Pearlite b. Bainitec. Austenite d. Martensite

What allotropic from of iron refers to iron that has a temperature range of room temperature to 1670°F?

a. Beta iron b. Gamma ironc. Delta iron d. Alpha iron

The alpha iron will become paramagnetic at temperature above _____.

a. 770°C b. 550°Cc. 660°C d. 440°C

What steel surface hardening process requires heating at 1000°F for up to 100 hours in an ammonia atmosphere, followed by slow cooling?

a. Nitridingb. Flame hardeningc. Precipitation hardeningd. Carburizing

What is the chief ore of tin?a. Cassiterite b. Bauxitec. Ilmanite d. Galena

What is the chief ore of zinc?a. Cassiterite b. Bauxitec. Sphalerite d. Ilmanite

What is the chief ore of titanium?a. Sphalerite b. Ilmanitec. Bauxite d. Cassiterite

What is a mixture of gibbsite and diaspore, of which aluminum is derived?

a. Bauxiteb. Rutilec. Galena d. Sphalerite

The term “brass” is very commonly used to designate any alloy primarily _____ and _____.

a. copper and zincb. aluminum and ironc. copper and aluminumd. zinc and nickel

The term “bronze” is used to designate any alloy containing:

a. copper and zincb. copper and aluminumc. copper and nickeld. copper and tin

In a system of designation wrought aluminum alloys, a four digit number is used. What does the first digit indicates?

a. The purity of aluminumb. The identity of the alloyc. The alloy groupd. The strength of the alloy

In a system of designation wrought aluminum alloys, what does the second digit represents?

a. The purity of aluminumb. The identity of the alloyc. The modifications of the alloy group or

impurity limitsd. The alloy group

In the system of designation wrought aluminum alloys, the letter F that follows the number indicates what condition of the alloy?

a. As fabricated b. Strain hardenedc. Annealed d. Artificially aged

The following alloys are the chief alloys that are die-cast expect:

a. Zinc alloysb. Magnesium alloysc. Manganese alloyd. Aluminum alloys

What is the minimum tensile strength of Gray Cast Iron class 50?

a. 25000 lbf/in2 b. 35000 lbf/in2

c. 50000 lbf/in2 d. 100000 lbf/in2

What is the carbon content of wrought iron?a. less than 0.1 percentb. exactly 0.1 percentc. more than 0.1 percentd. ranges from 0.1 percent to 0.2 percent

Alnico is an alloy containing how many percent nickel?

a. 10% b. 14% c. 18% d. 22%

The most common beat brass with a composition of 60% copper and 40% zinc is called _____.

a. Yellow brass b. Red brassc. Muntz metal d. White brass

Red brass contains about how many percent of xinc?

a. 10% b. 15% c. 20% d. 25%

Yellow brass contains approximately how many percent of zinc?

a. 20% b. 50% c. 30% d. 40%

Indicates the false statement.a. Aluminum bronzes contain no tin.b. Silicon bronzes are usually used for marine

application and high-strength fasteners.c. Bronze is a copper-tin alloyd. Tin is relatively soluble in copper

What is the most abundant metal in nature?a. Aluminum b. Steelc. Iron d. Copper

Indicate the false statement about aluminum.a. It has 1/3 the weight of steel.b. It has 1/3 of the stiffness of steel.c. It has high strength-to-weight ratio.d. It has poor thermal and electrical conductivity.

What is the effect to aluminum with iron as the alloying element?

a. Reduce hot-cracking tendencies in castingb. Improve conductivity

c. Lowers castabilityd. Improves machinability

What is the effect to aluminum with copper as alloying element?

a. Increase strength up to 12%b. Reduces shrinkagec. Improves machinabilityd. Increases fluidity in casting

Which of the following are two well-known nickel alloys with magnetic properties ideal for permanent magnets?

a. Invar and Nilvarb. Nichrome and Constantanc. Elinvar and Invard. Alnico and Cunife

The Portland cement is manufacture from the following elements expect:

a. lime b. silicac. alumina d. asphalt

What gives the average ratio of stress to strain for materials operating in the nonlinear region in the stress-strain diagram?

a. Modulus of elasticityb. Proportionality limitc. Secant modulusd. Tangent modulus

What is the ratio of the ultimate failure strain to the yielding strain?

A. Poisson’s ratio b. Ductilityc. Resilience d. Fatigue

What test determines the hardenability of a steel specimen?

a. Jominy end-quench testb. The lever rulec. Gibb’s phase testd. Stress relief test

What steel relief process is used with hypoeutectoid steels to change martenite into pearlite?

a. Tempering b. Normalizingc. Annealing d. Spheroidizing

What is another term for tempering?a. Recrystallizationb. Annealingc. Spheroidizingd. Drawing or toughening

All are steel surface hardening processes expect one. Which one?

a. Carburizing b. Flame hardening

c. Nitriding d. Annealing

The pressure which a substance is capable of supporting without fracturing.

a. Shear Stress b. Yield Strengthc. Yield Stress d. Shear Modulus

The dimensionless parameter describing deformation.

a. Energy b. Workc. Strain d. Stress

The _____ gives the change in volume of a solid substance as the pressure on it is changed.

a. Young’s Modulusb. Bulk Modulusc. Shear Modulusd. Secant Modulus

It refers to a bar ( or rod, shaft, cantilever, etc. ) under bending.

a. beam b. catenaryc. couple d. cable

The inverse of bulk modulusa. densityb. Compressibilityc. Viscosityd. Plasticity

It is the scientific area of applied mechanics for the study of the strength of engineering materials and their mechanical behavior in general.

a. Engineering Mechanicsb. Hydrodynamicsc. Strength of Materialsd. Compressive Mechanics

The general law of mechanics that stress is directly proportional to strain

a. Mean Speed Theoremb. Poisson Ratioc. Charles’ Theoremd. Hooke’s Law

A twisting forcea. tension b. torsionc. compression d. bending

_____ refers to the point where there is an appreciable elongation or yielding of the material even without any corresponding increase of load.

a. Allowable Stress b. Yield Pointc. Ultimate Strength d. Working Stress

The rate of change of strain with time

a. Strain Tensor b. Strain Ratec. Shear Stress d. Modulus

A bar under compression is called a _____.a. strut b. beamc. shaft d. tie

It refers to the stress beyond which the material will not return to its origin shape when the load is removed.

a. Rapture Strength b. Yield Pointc. Elastic Limit d. Allowable Stress

The ability of a material to be deformed extensively without rupture.

a. Compressibility b. Elasticityc. Plasticity d. Malleability

A beam with one end clamped and the other end free is called a _____.

a. inclined plane b. cantileverc. catenary d. shock absorber

_____ is a loading that tends to produce stretching on a material by the application of axially directed pulling forces.

a. Tensile Stress b. Compressive Stressc. Shear Stress d. Expansive Stress

It is caused when a force is applied to produce a sliding failure of a material along a plane that is parallel to the direction of the applied force.

a. Tensile Stress b. Compressive Stressc. Shear Stress d. Expansive Stress

It is a limit state of compressive stress that leads to compressive failure.

a. Deformation Strengthb. Yield Strengthc. Compressive Strengthd. Tensile Strength

A deformation of a body in which he applied stress is small enough so that the object retains its original dimensions once the stress is released.

a. Permanent Deformationb. Stretch Marksc. Elastic Deformationd. Plastic Defromation

_____ is the applied stress under which an onject experiences plastic deformation.

a. Shear Stressb. Yield Strengthc. Yield Stress

d. Shear Modulus

A bar under torsion is called a _____.a. strut b. beamc. shaft d. tie

It is the ratio of the elongation to the original length.

a. stressb. strainc. modulus of elasticityd. poisson’s ratio

It is the ratio of the shear stress to the shear strain

a. Shear modulus b. Young’s modulusc. Bulk modulus d. secant modulus

A term used to denote the ability of sheets to sustain edgewise loads that are applied by pins, rods, or rivets.

a. Compressive Strengthb. Yield Strengthc. Bearing strengthd. Tearing strength

The force required to either start, continue, or propagate to tear in a fabric under specified conditions.

a. Flexural Strength b. Tensile Strengthc. Bearing strength d. Tearing Strength

The maximum stress that can be done by the surface fibers in a beam bending test. It is the unit resistance to the maximum load prior to failure by bending.

a. Dry Strength b. Tensile Strengthc. Flexural Strength d. Tearing Strength

A dimensional elongationa. Shear b. Torsionc. Stretch d. Twist

The curve which results from plotting the applied stress on a test specimen in tension versus the corresponding strain.

a. Stress-Strain Diagramb. Flexural Diagramc. Hooke’s Curved. Modulus Diagram

Dependence of elastic strain on both stress and time.

a. Aplasticityb. Anelasticityc. Anisotropyd. Ageing

The tendency of a material to react differently to stresses applied in different directions. Dependence of properties on orientation of axes.

a. Atacticity b. Anelasticityc. Anisotropy d. Aplasticity

A tension of compression stress created in a structural member by the application of a lengthwise axial load.

a. Bearing stress b. Axial stressc. Shearing stress d. Tensile stress

A bar under tension is called a _____.a. strut b. beamc. shaft d. tie

The maximum force required to tear a specimen, the force acting substantially parallel to the major axes of the test specimen.

a. Wet strength b. Dry strengthc. Flexural strength d. Tear strength

Stress produced by a temperature differential within a material.

a. Thermal stress b. Axial stressc. Shearing stress d. Tensile stress

The natural process of disintegration and decomposition due to atmospheric exposure.

a. Weathering b. Fadingc. Depletion d. Wear

A state of deformation in which a body twists through an angle proportional to its angular distance from some reference cross section.

a. tesion b. torsionc. compression d. bending

It is the change in geometry when stress is applied.

a. Deflection b. Deformationc. Dislocation d. Transformation

It is a limit state of tensile stress that leads to tensile failure.

a. Deformation Strengthb. Yield Strengthc. Compressive Strengthd. Tensile Strength

Most solid objects which are subjected to an applied stress will return to their original shape and dimensions provided the stress is below a characteristic threshold called the___

a. Yield Strengthb. Elastic Limitc. Rupture Strengthd. Roche Limit

A deformation of a body caused by an applied stress which remains after the stress is removed.

a. Temporary Deformationb. Stretch Marksc. Elastic Deformationd. Plastic Deformation

A characteristic property of a wire or other mechanical system capable of being put under torsion.

a. Coefficient of Frictionb. Torsional Constantc. Coefficient of Restitutiond. Torsional Rigidity

The maximum safe stress that a material can carry

a. Allowable Stressb. Working Stressc. Ultimate Stressd. Yield Stress

The property which enables a material to return to its original shape and dimension

a. Viscosity b. Elasticityc. Plasticity d. Malleability

A body “R”, regardless of shape and volume, with the characteristic that the relative distance any two point of “R” remains constant, even if the body is acted upon by external forces.

a. Deformable Body b. Elastic Bodyc. Rigid Body d. Brittle Body

_____ is the stress state when the material tends to compact.

a. Tensile Stress b. Compressive Stressc. Shear Stress d. Expansive Stress

A design constraint that an engineered component or structure must achieve.

a. Budget Limitb. Factor of Safetyc. Ultimate Forced. Maximum Allowable StressA value determined by testing used to compare

the hardness of different materials.

a. Mho’s Hardnessb. Young’s Modulusc. Brinell Hardnessd. Brittleness Factor

_____ is the non-linear time dependent response of materials in terms of stress and strain.

a. Dynamics b. Modulusc. Plasticity d. Viscosity

Rupture of a material too weak to sustain the force on it.

a. Puncture b. Stressc. Aberration d. Fracture

A structural member usually fabricated from straight pieces of metal or timber to form a series of triangles lying in a single plane.

a. Beam b. Trussc. Cantilever d. Catenary

The rotational force which is created by any line force on a body

a. Torsion b. Couplec. Moment d. Stress

If 1080 steel (0.80 wt.% C) is annealed by very low slow cooling from 1000ºC (1832ºF) to ambient temperature, its microstructure will consist almost solely of:

a. austenite b. bainitec. cementite d. pearlite

All of the following statements about the sustenite-martensite-bainite transformations in steel are correct, EXCEPT:

a. Martensite is fine grained α-ferrite, supersaturated with carbon, in a metastable body centered tetragonal structure. It forms by shear (slippage) during the rapid quench of face centered cubic austenite (α – ferrite).

b. Pearlite is a stable and course grained lamillar mixture consisting of body centered cubic α – ferrite plus carbide. It forms by eutectoidal transformation during the slow annealing of austenite. Most alloying elements in steel tend to retard this eutectoidal transformation.

c. Martensite is strong and hard, but brittle. Tempering toughens it and reduces brittleness.

d. Bainite and tempered martensite have distinctively different microstructures.

All of the following statements about mechanical failure are true, EXCEPT:

a. Brittle fracture occurs with little plastic deformation and relatively small energy absorption.

b. Ductile fracture is characterized by significant amounts of energy absorption and plastic deformation (evidenced by elongation and reduction in cross-sectional area).

c. Ductile-brittle transition in failure mode occurs at reduced temperature for most materials, because fracture strength remains constant with temperature while yield strength increases as temperature is reduced. At high temperatures yield strength is least; at low temperatures fracture strength is least.

d. Fatigue failure due to cyclic stress is frequency dependent.

All of the following statements about rusting of iron are correct, EXCEPT:

a. Contact with water, and oxygen are necessary for rusting to occur.

b. Contact with a more electropositive metal reduces rusting.

c. Halides aggravate rusting, a process which involves electrochemical oxidation-reduction reactions.

d. Pitting occurs in oxygen-rich anodic areas, and the rust is deposited nearby.

Which of the following is not a method of non-destructive testing of steel castings and forgings?

a. radiographyb. magnetic particlec. chemical analysisd. liquid penetrant

Compressive strength of fully cured concrete is most directly related to:

a. water-cement ratiob. fineness modulusc. aggregate gradationd. absolute volume of cement

According to the ACI code, the modular ratio, n, of structural concrete with a 28-day ultimate compressive strength, f”c, of 3000 is nearest to:

a. 7 b. 8 c. 9 d. 10

All of the following statements about air entrained concrete are correct, EXCEPT:

a. Air entrainment is recommended when concrete is exposed to severe frost action.

b. With air entrainment, the quantity of water to produce a given consistency (slump) is reduced.

c. With air entrainment, the quantity of water to produce a specified 28 day compressive strength is reduced.

d. Air entrainment reduces resistance to the freeze-thaw that occurs when salt is used to melt ice or snow.

In the design of a reinforced concrete structure, tensile strength of the concrete is normally:

a. Assumed to be 1/10 of the 28-day compressive strength.

b. Determined by beam tests.c. Neglected.d. Assumed to be 200 psi.

All of the following groups of plastics are thermoplastic, EXCEPT:

a. Polyvinylchloride (PVC) and polyvinyl acetateb. Polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrenec. Tetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) and other

fluorocarbonsd. Phenolics, melamine and epoxy

Varignon’s theorem is used to determine _____.a. location of centroidb. moment of inertiac. mass moment of inertiad. moment of area

What is the study of motion with reference to the force which causes the motion?

a. Statics b. Dynamicsc. Kinetics d. Kinematics

An Impulse causes:a. the object’s momentum to changeb. the object’s momentum to decreasec. the object’s momentum to increased. the object’s momentum to remain constant or

be conserved

Momentum is a property related to the object’s _____.

a. motion and massb. mass and accelerationc. motion and velocityd. weight and velocity

Centrifugal force is _____la. directly proportional t the radius of the

curvature.b. directly proportional to the square of the

tangential velocityc. inversely proportional to the square of the

tangential velocityd. directly proportional to the square of the

weight of the object

A measure of the resistance of a body it offers to any change in its angular velocity, determined by the mass and distribution of its mass about the axis of rotation is known as:

a. moment of inertiab. frictionc. torsiond. angular acceleration

Momentum is the product of mass and _____.a. acceleration b. velocityc. force d. time

The moment of inertia of a plane figure:a. increase as distance of the axis moves farther

from the centroidb. is maximum at the centroid axisc. is zero at the centroid axisd. decreases as the distance of the axis moves

farther from the centroid

To maximize the horizontal range of the projectile, which of the following applies?

a. Maximize velocityb. Maximize the angle of elevation and velocityc. Maximize the angle of elevationd. The tangent function of the angle of trajectory

must be equal to 1

Moment of inertia of any figure is expressed in units of length to the _____.

a. first power b. second powerc. third power d. fourth power

A branch of physical science which deals with state of rest or motion of bodies under the action of forces.

a. Mechanics b. Kineticsc. Kinematics d. Statics

A branch of mechanics which deals with bodies at rest.

a. Statics b. Dynamicsc. Kinetics d. Kinematics

The branch of mechanics which deals with bodies in motion is known as _____.

a. Statics b. Dynamicsc. Kinetics d. Kinematics

The action of a force is characterized by:a. its magnitudeb. the direction of its actionc. point of applicationd. all of the above

For a system to be in equilibrium:

a. the force polygon must close.b. all forces must be concurrent, if not acting

parallelc. it must satisfy the 3 static equationsd. all of the above

A pair of forces equal in magnitude, opposites in direction, and not in the same line is called _____.

a. moment b. torquec. couple d. all of the above

The _____ exerted by a force on a body is the measure of its effectiveness in turning the body about a certain pivot.

a. couple b. torquec. moment arm d. all of the above

A body is said to in “rotational equilibrium” when:a. no net torque acts on itb. no net force acts on itc. its vector sum of the forces is zerod. the forces acting on the body are non-

concurrent

A couple consists of two forces, _____ in magnitude, parallel and oppositely directed.

a. directly proportionalb. equalc. unequald. inversely proportional

The _____ of the body of system is the point with the product of the mass and moment arm sums up to zero.

a. center of gravity b. center of massc. centroid d. all of the above

What do you call the point through which the resultant of the distributed gravity force passes regardless of the orientation of the body in space?

a. Center of inertiab. Center of massc. Centerpointd. Center of gravity

If an object exerts a normal force on a surface, then its normal force is:

a. equal to the weight of the objectb. less than the frictional forcec. parallel to the surfaced. perpendicular to the surface

Whenever the surfaces of two bodies are in contact, there will be a limiting amount of

resistance to sliding between them. This is known as _____.

a. frictionb. coefficient of frictionc. angle of frictiond. coefficient of sliding

What is the moment of inertia of a triangle with respect to the base b?

a. bh3/12 b. bh3/6c. bh3/36 d. bh3/3

The moment of inertia of a triangle with respect to the base is _____ times its moment of inertia with respect to its centroidal axis?

a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5

What is the moment of inertia of a circle of radius r?

a. r4/16 b. r4/2c. r4/64 d. r4/4

The moment of inertia of the circle with respect to its tangent is _____ times its centroidal moment of inertia.

a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5

The moment of inertia of a rectangle with respect to the base is _____ times its moment of inertia with respect to the centroid.

a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5

What is the mass moment of inertia of a sphere of mass m and radius r?

a. 1/2 mr2 b. 1/4 mr2

c. 1/3 mr2 d. 2/5 mr2

Given a cylindrical of radius r, altitude h and mass m. What is its mass moment of inertia?

a. 1/2 mr2 b. 1/3 mr2

c. 1/4 mr2 d. 2/5 mr2

A structure is called _____ if at least one of its individual member is a multiforce member.

a. truss b. framec. three-hinged arch d. bridgeWhat is another term of moment of inertia?a. Moment of areab. Moment of massc. Second moment of aread. All of the above

The diagram of an isolated body with the representation of all external forces acting on it is called ______.

a. Maxwell diagramb. Stress-strain diagramc. Free body diagram

d. Shear ad moment diagram

What do you call a framework composed of members joined at their ends to form a rigid structure?

a. Machine b. Trussc. Joist d. Purlin

“The moment of the resultant of two concurrent forces with respect to a center of their planes is equal to the algebraic sum of the moments of the components with respect to the same center”. This statement is otherwise known as _____.

a. Law of reactionb. Varignon’s theoremc. Mass moment of inertiad. Law of inertia

The condition exists in structures where the reactive forces exceed the number of independent equations for equilibrium. What do you call such condition?

a. Statically determinateb. Statically indeterminatec. Static equilibriumd. None of the above

Two length of a steel wire are used to support a chandelier of weight W. The tension is the wire must:

a. each be W/2b. each be Wc. have a vector sum of magnitude Wd. have a vector sum of magnitude > W

The built-in or fixed support is capable of supporting which of the following loads?

a. An axial loadb. A transverse loadc. A bending momentd. All of the above

Which of the following BEST describes d’Alembert’s principle?

a. F = mab. Stress is directly proportional to strainc. First law of motiond. F = kx

Which of the following closely related to d’Alembert’s theorem?

a. Newton’s first law of motionb. Newton’s second law of motionc. Newton’s third law of motiond. Bernoulli’s theorem

What do you call the force on a rigid body caused by other bodies?

a. Internal force b. External forcec. Vector d. Natural force

What do you call the force which holds part of the rigid body together?

a. Internal forceb. External forcec. Natural forced. Concentrated force

The line of action of the moment vector is normal to the plane containing the force vector and the position vector. What is used to determine the sense or direction of the moment?

a. Varignon’s theoremb. Left-hand rulec. Right-hand ruled. Maxwell’s diagram

If a force, F is moved a distance d from the original point of application, a couple, M, equal to Fd must be added to counteract the induced couple. What is the term used to describe this combination of moved force and the couple?

a. Three-moment systemb. Force-couple systemc. Indeterminate balance systemd. Linear force system

How many reactions are there in a fixed or built-in support?

a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

All supports have only one reaction expect:a. Rollerb. Linkc. Frictionless guided. Pin connectionThe ratio of the applied force lever arm to the

load lever arm is known as _____.a. Efficiencyb. Mechanical advantagec. Determinacyd. indeterminacy

What is the term used to describe the process of determining member forces by considering loads one at a time?

a. Superpositionb. Traverse loadingc. Cut-and-sum methodd. Method of joints

What is used to determine the reactions of a continuous beam?

a. Method of sectionb. Method of jointsc. Superposition methodd. Three-moment equation

All supports have only two reactions expect:a. Cableb. Frictionless hingec. Pin connectiond. Rough surface

Is the change in shape of any materials when subjected to the action of a force.

a. Moment of inertiab. Modulus of elasticityc. Straind. Stress

Which of the following forces can a roller support hold?

a. Only horizontal forcesb. Both horizontal and vertical forces

simultaneouslyc. Only vertical forced. Either vertical or horizontal forces but not both

Which of the following laws expressed relation between stress and strain?

a. Poisson’s lawb. Newton’s lawc. Young’s lawd. Hooke’s law

What do you call the inelastic (plastic) failure of the beam?

a. Moment b. Rotationc. Buckling d. Crippling

What loading occurs when the load is not applied through the centroid?

a. Axial loadingb. Local Loadingc. Neutral loadingd. Eccentric loading

Which of the following stresses has an area perpendicular to the force?

a. Normal stressb. Shear stressc. Flexural stressd. Torsional stress

Which of the following type of loadings does fatigue occurs?

a. Plane loadb. Static load

c. Moving loadd. Repeated load

It is a quantity measures the resistance of the mass to being revolved about the line.

a. Modulus of elasticityb. Stainc. Stressd. Moment of inertia

What do you call an overload condition that occurs near large concentrated loads?

a. Web cripplingb. Local bucklingc. Vertical bucklingd. Lateral buckling

What do you call the relative stiffness when more than one spring or resisting member shares the load?

a. Volumetric expansionb. Rigiditiesc. Stiffnessd. Shear modulus

Which of the following moment occurs where the shear is zero?

a. Statistical momentb. One-way momentc. Resisting momentd. Maximum moment

Which one will occur whenever there is a discontinuity or non-uniformity in an object?

a. Stress riserb. Stress concentrationsc. Principal stressesd. Combined stressesAny pair of equal, opposite and parallel forces

constitutes which of the following?a. Couple b. Torquec. Moment d. Dead load

Which of the following forces can a support hold?

a. Only horizontal forcesb. Both horizontal and vertical forces

simultaneouslyc. Only vertical forcesd. Either vertical or horizontal forces but not both

What is the property of a body that tends to return to its original size or shape after a deformation and when the deforming forces have been removed?

a. Elasticity b. Malleabilityc. Ductility d. Plasticity

For any point in a loaded specimen, a plane can be found where the shear stress is zero. How do you call the normal stresses associated within this plane?

a. Combined stressesb. Principal stressesc. Extreme stressesd. Lading stresses

Which of the following refers to the number of reactions or members that would have to be removed in order to make the structure statically determinate?

a. Degree of accuracyb. Degree of indeterminacyc. Degree of rigidityd. Degree of structure

When all forces are acting on the same point, the force system is known as _____.

a. Concurrent force systemb. Collinear force systemc. Coplanar force systemd. Parallel force system

The change in length per degree rise in temperature.

a. Volume expansivityb. Ideal gas temperaturec. Linear expansivityd. Temperature scale

What do you call the stress beyond which the material will not return to its original shape when unloaded but will retain a permanent deformation?

a. Yield strength b. Yield limitc. Elastic limit d. Proportional limit

Which of the following refers to the amount of force required to cause a unit of deformation?

a. Rigidity b. Modulusc. Strain d. Stiffness

What do you call the greatest which the material is capable of withstanding without a deviation from acceptance stress to strain?

a. Proportional limitb. Yield strengthc. Elastic limitd. Ultimate strength

Which of the following theorems stated on how the total moment is derived from a number of forces acting simultaneously at a point?

a. Varignon’s Theoremb. Maxwell’s Theoremc. Hooke’s Law

d. Superposition Theorem

Which of the following is a simple three-dimensional truss which consists of three axial members?

a. Tripod b. Chordsc. End posts d. Panels

What is the sum of the strains in the three coordinate directions?

a. Strainb. Stressc. Poisson’s rationd. Dilation

Which of the following refers to the stress at failure?

a. Working stressb. Allowable stressc. Rupture strengthd. Ultimate strength

If a load is applied through the centroid of a tension or compression member’s section, what type of loading is it?

a. Local loadingb. Neutral loadingc. Eccentric loadingd. Axial loading

Which of the following refers to the ratio of the unit lateral deformation to the unit longitudinal deformation?

a. Mohr’s ratiob. Young’s ratioc. Poisson ratiod. Slenderness ratio

What is the ratio of stress to strain below the proportional limit?

a. Poisson ratiob. Young’s modulusc. Hooke’s constantd. Modulus of rigidity

In the linear elastic region of the stress-strain diagram, what do you call the slope of the curve?

a. Elastic limitb. Modulus of elasticityc. Ultimate strengthd. Proportional limit

In bending of a rectangular beam due to axial loading, where is the location of maximum shear stress?

a. At the top edgeb. At the bottom edge

c. At the neutral axisd. At the location between the top edge and the

neutral axis

What refers to the elongation which is expressed on a fractional or percentage basis?

a. Normal stressb. Strainc. Thermal elongationd. Modulus of rigidity

What is the highest ordinate of the stress-strain diagram?

a. Rupture strengthb. Ultimate strengthc. Yield strengthd. Elastic strength

Which of the following beams has two or more spans (i.e, three or more supports) and is statistically indeterminate?

a. Continuous beamb. Cantilever beamc. Propped beamd. Fixed-end beam

A specimen is subjected to a load. When the load is removed, the strain disappears. Which of the following statements is correct?

a. The specimen is plasticb. The specimen is elasticc. The specimen has a high modulus of elasticityd. The specimen is ductileWhat do you call a simple mechanical machine

with the ability to increase an applied force?a. Bearing b. Shaftc. Lever d. Spring

What is another term for modulus of elasticity?a. Bulk modulusb. Shear strainc. Constant of elongationd. Young’s modulus

The twisting moment of a shaft is _____ proportional to horsepower and _____ proportional to the speed.

a. inversely, inverselyb. directly, directlyc. inversely, directlyd. directly, inversely

What do you call a set of pin-connected axial members?

a. Gable end b. Structural cellc. Truss d. Trestle

Which of the following is true about a beam supported at both ends and carrying a uniformly disturbed load?

a. It has a uniform shear throughout the length of the beam

b. It has its maximum shear at the supportc. It has its maximum shear at the center of the

beamd. It has its maximum bending moment at the

supports

What force systems combines the non-concurrent, non-parallel and non-coplanar forces?

a. General three-dimensional systemb. Polar force systemc. Space force systemd. Parallel force system

Which one of the choices below refers to an overload condition that occurs when a long, unsupported members rolls out of its normal plane?

a. Web cripplingb. Local bucklingc. Vertical bucklingd. Lateral buckling

Which of the following factors are used to account for the non-uniform stress distribution?

a. Stress concentration factorsb. Principal stress factorsc. Combined stress factorsd. Mohr’s factor

For shear stress, what is the constant of proportionality?

a. Shark modulusb. Shape modulusc. Shout modulusd. shear modulus

Which of the following stresses has an area parallel to the force?

a. Normal stressb. Shear stressc. Flexural stressd. Longitudinal stress

If an object is continuously loaded over a portion of its length, it is subjected to which type of loading?

a. Dead loadb. Concentrated loadc. Distributed loadd. Moving load

What is the ratio of the ultimate stress to the allowable stress?

a. Yield factorb. Safety stressc. Factor of safetyd. Design factor

The sum of the individual forces in a linear force system is called:

a. Total forceb. Axial forcec. Concentrated forced. Equivalent resultant force

It is the internal resisting moment of a beam. It is opposite in the sense to the bending moment but of the same magnitude.

a. Strainb. Elastic limitc. Moment of resistanced. Modulus of elasticity

To prevent translation while permitting rotation, a structure must be added with:

a. Rivetb. Bearingc. Hinged. Roller

Two circular shafts, one hollow and one solid, are made of the same material and have the diameters shown below. If Th is the twisting moment that the hollow shaft can resist and Ts

is the twisting moment that the solid shaft can resist, the ratio of Th to Ts is:

a. 1/4 b. 1/2c. 9/16 d. 15/16

The stress in an elastic material isa. inversely proportional to the material’s yield

strengthb. inversely proportional to the force actingc. proportional to the displacement of the

material acted upon by the forced. inversely proportional to the strain

The “Slenderness Ratio” of a column is generally defined as the ratio of its

a. length to its minimum widthb. unsupported length to its maximum radius of

gyrationc. length to its moment of inertiad. unsupported length to its least radius of

gyration

The relationship between the extension of a spring and the force required to produce the extension is

a. F = ma b. F = µ Nc. F = mv2/R d. F = kx

The linear portion of the stress-strain diagram of steel is known as the

a. modulus of elongation b. plastic rangec. irreversible ranged. elastic range

The ratio of the moment of inertia of the cross section of a beam to the section modulus is

a. equal to the radius of gyrationb. equal to the area of the cross sectionc. a measure of distanced. multiplied by the bending moment to

determine the stress

When an air entrainment agent is introduced into a concrete mix

a. the strength will increaseb. the strength will decreasec. the strength will not be affectedd. the water/cement ratio must be reduced from

10 – 15%

Structural steel elements subjected to torsion develop

a. tensile stressb. compressive stressc. shearing stressd. bending stress

The deflection of a beam isa. directly proportional to the modulus of

elasticity and moment of inertiab. inversely proportional to the modulus of

elasticity and length of the beam cubedc. inversely proportional to the modulus of

elasticity and moment of inertiad. directly proportional to the load imposed and

inversely to the length squared

The differential of the shear equation is which one of the following?

a. load on the beamb. tensile strength of beamc. bending moment of the beamd. slope of the elastic curve

A homogenous round bar of diameter D, length L, and total weight W is hung vertically from one end. If E is the modulus of elasticity, what is the total elongation of the bar?

a. b.

c. d.

A vertically loaded beam, fixed at one end and simply supported at the other is indeterminate to what degree?

a. first b. secondc. third d. fourth

A thin walled pressurized vessel consists of a right circular cylinder with flat ends. Midway between the ends the stress is greatest in what direction?

a. Longitudinalb. Circumferentialc. Radiald. At an angle of 45° to the longitudinal and

circumferential direction

The bending moment at a section of a beam is derived from the

a. Sum of the moments of all external forces on one side of the section

b. Difference between the moments on one side of the section and the opposite side

c. Sum of the moments of all external forces on both sides of the section

d. Sum of the moments of all external forces between supports

The stress concentration factor a. Is the ratio of the average stress on a section

to the allowable stressb. Cannot be evaluated for brittle materialsc. Is the ratio of areas involved in a sudden

change of cross sectiond. Is the ratio of the maximum stress produced

in a cross section to the average stress over the section

Poisson’s Ratio is the ratio of thea. Unit lateral deformation to the unit longitudinal

deformationb. Unit stress to unit strainc. Elastic limit to proportional limitd. Shear strain to compressive strain

Hooke’s Law for an isotropic homogenous

medium experiencing one-dimensional stress is

a. Stress = E(strain)b. Strain = E(stress)

c.

d.

The modulus of rigidity of a steel member is:a. a function of the length and depth.b. defined as the unit shear stress divided by the

unit shear deformation.c. equal to the modulus of elasticity divided by

one plus Poisson’s ratio.d. defined as the length divided by the moment

of inertia.

A thin homogenous metallic plate containing a hole is heated sufficiently to cause expansion. If the coefficient of surface expansion is linear, the area of the hole will:

a. Increase at twice the rate the area of the metal increases

b. Increase at the same rate as the area of the metal increases

c. Stay the samed. Decrease at the same rate as the area of the

metal increasesThe maximum bending moment of a beam

simply supported at both ends and subject to a total load W uniformly distributed over its length L is expressed by the formula

a. WL/8 b. WL2/8c. WL/2 d. WL2/2

The three moment equation may be used to analyze

a. a continuous beam.b. a beam loaded at the third points.c. a step tapered column.d. a three element composite beam.

In a long column (slenderness ratio > 160) which of the following has the greatest influence on its tendency to buckle under a compressive load.

a. the modulus of elasticity of the materialb. the compressive strength of the materialc. the radius of gyration of the columnd. the length of the column

The area of the shear diagram of a beam between any two points on the beam is equal to the

a. change in shear between the two pointsb. total shear beyond the two pointsc. average moment between the two pointsd. change in moment between the two points

Poisson’s ratio is principally used ina. the determination of capability of a material

for being shaped

b. the determination of capacity of a material for plastic deformation without fracture

c. stress-strain relationships where stresses are applied in more than one direction

d. the determination of the modulus of the toughness

Young’s modulus of elasticity for a material can be calculated indirectly from which of the following properties of the material?

a. Temperature coefficient of expansion and dielectric constant.

b. Temperature coefficient of expansion and specific heat.

c. Density and velocity of sound in the material.d. None of the above

“Modulus of Resilience” isa. the same as the modulus of elasticityb. a measure of a materials ability to store strain

energy.c. the reciprocal of the modulus of elasticity.d. a measure of the deflection of a member.

Imperfections within metallic crystal structures may be all of the following, EXCEPT:

a. lattice vacancies, or extra interstitial atoms.b. ion pairs missing in ionic crystals (Shotky

imperfections).c. displacement of atoms to interstitial sites

(Frankel defects).d. twinning to form mirror images along a low

energy boundary or crystal plane.

All of the following statements about strain energy sre correct, EXCEPT:

a. It is caused by generation and movement of dislocations through shear or plastic deformation.

b. It results from trapped vacancies in the crystal lattice.

c. It is proportional to length of dislocation, shear modulus, and shortest distance between equivalent lattice sites (points).

d. It is less for sites at grain boundaries than for internal sites within the crystal structure.

All of the following statements about diffusion and grain growth are correct, EXCEPT:

a. Vacancies and interstitial atoms affect diffusion, whose net result is movement of atoms to produce a structure of less strain and of uniform composition.

b. Diffusion is irreversible and requires an activation energy; its rate increases

exponentially with temperature. It follows the diffusion equation where flux equals diffusivity times concentration gradient.

c. Activation energy for diffusion through structures is inversely proportional to atomic packing factor in the lattice.

d. Atoms can diffuse both within crystals and across grain (crystal) boundaries.

All of the following statements about slip are correct, EXCEPT:

a. Slip, or shear along crystal planes, results in an irreversible plastic deformation or permanent set.

b. It involves only a few atoms at a time in a series of small dislocation movements.

c. Slip planes lie in the direction of the longest distance between neighboring sites in the crystal lattice.

d. Ease of slippage is directly related to number of low energy slip planes existent in the lattice structure.

When a metal is cold worked all of the following generally occur EXCEPT:

a. Recrystallization temperature decreasesb. Ductility decreasesc. Grains become equi-axedd. Tensile strength increases

All of the following statements about strain hardening are correct, EXCEPT:

a. Strain hardening strengthens metals. Resistance to deformation increases with the amount of strain present.

b. Strain hardening is relieved during softening, annealing above the recrystallization temperature.

c. Strain hardening is produced by cold working (deformation below the recrystallization temperature).

d. More strain hardening requires more time-temperature exposure for relief.

All of the following processes strengthen metals, EXCEPT:

a. Annealing above the recrystallization temperature.

b. Work hardening by mechanical deformation below the recrystallization temperature (cold working)

c. Precipitation processes, such as age hardening, which produce high strength by formation of submicroscopic phases during low temperature heat treatment.

d. Heat treatments such as quenching and tempering, for production of a finer microstructure.

The valence band model used to explain metallic conduction is based on all of the following statements, EXCEPT:

a. Each valence band may contain up to 2n electrons/n atoms; each electron lies at a discretely different energy level.

b. Fermi energy level, Ef, is essentially temperature independent, and is the energy at which 50% of available energy states are occupied.

c. A conduction band lies at the next higher set of electronic energy levels above those occupied at the ground state.

d. Conduction occurs when an electron remains in its existent valence band.

Intrinsic silicon becomes extrinsically

conductive, with electrons as majority carriers, when doped with which of the following?

a. nothing b. antimonyc. boron d. germanium

When the emitter to base of an npn transistor is forward biased, and base to collector is reverse biased, all of the following are correct EXCEPT:

a. Electrons are majority carriers in the n-emitter and n-collector regions.

b. Electrons are minority carriers in the p-base region.

c. Holes are majority carriers in the p-base region.

d. The emitter is positive with respect to the collector.

All of the following statements about solid solutions are correct, EXCEPT:

a. Solid solutions can result when basic structure of the solvent can accommodate solute additions.

b. In solid solutions larger solute atoms occupy the interstitial space between solvent atoms that are located at the lattice sites.

c. Solid solutions may result by substitution of one atomic species for another, provided radii and electronic structures are compatible.

d. Order – disorder transitions that occur at elevated temperature in solid solutions involve changes due to thermal agitation from preferred orientation to random occupancy of lattice sites.

All of the following statements about ferromagnetism are correct, EXCEPT:

a. Magnetic domains are small volumes existent within a single crystal where atomic magnetic moments are unidirectionally aligned.

b. Domains are randomly oriented when unmagnetized. On magnetization, domains oriented with the external field grow at the expense of unaligned domains.

c. Impurities, inclusions and strain hardening interfere with change of domain boundaries, and add to the permanency of a magnet.

d. High magnetic susceptibility of ferromagnetic materials disappears below the Curie temperature.

All of the following statements about steels are correct, EXCEPT:

a. Yield strength of commercially available heat treated alloy steels does not exceed 200,000 psi.

b. High temperature alloys used in jet engine turbine blades can withstand 2000°F continuously over extended periods.

c. Abrasion resistance of extra strength steels may be obtained by increasing hardness to 225 – 400 Brinell at the expense of some ductility and toughness.

d. Intergranular corrosion of chromium – nickel stainless steels is reduced when stabilized by addition of columbium (niobium), titanium or tantalum to prefentially form carbides and prevent chromium depletion and chromium carbide precipitation in grain boundary areas.

Steels can be strengthened by all of the following practices, EXCEPT:

a. annealingb. quenching and tempering c. work hardeningd. grain refinement

If 1080 steel (0.80 wt.% C) is annealed by very low slow cooling from 1000ºC (1832ºF) to ambient temperature, its microstructure will consist almost solely of:

a. austenite b. bainitec. cementite d. pearlite

All of the following statements about the sustenite-martensite-bainite transformations in steel are correct, EXCEPT:

a. Martensite is fine grained α-ferrite, supersaturated with carbon, in a metastable body centered tetragonal structure. It forms by shear (slippage) during the rapid quench of face centered cubic austenite (α – ferrite).

b. Pearlite is a stable and course grained lamillar mixture consisting of body centered cubic α – ferrite plus carbide. It forms by eutectoidal transformation during the slow annealing of austenite. Most alloying elements in steel tend to retard this eutectoidal transformation.

c. Martensite is strong and hard, but brittle. Tempering toughens it and reduces brittleness.

d. Bainite and tempered martensite have distinctively different microstructures.

All of the following statements about mechanical failure are true, EXCEPT:

a. Brittle fracture occurs with little plastic deformation and relatively small energy absorption.

b. Ductile fracture is characterized by significant amounts of energy absorption and plastic deformation (evidenced by elongation and reduction in cross-sectional area).

c. Ductile-brittle transition in failure mode occurs at reduced temperature for most materials, because fracture strength remains constant with temperature while yield strength increases as temperature is reduced. At high temperatures yield strength is least; at low temperatures fracture strength is least.

d. Fatigue failure due to cyclic stress is frequency dependent.

All of the following statements about rusting of iron are correct, EXCEPT:

a. Contact with water, and oxygen are necessary for rusting to occur.

b. Contact with a more electropositive metal reduces rusting.

c. Halides aggravate rusting, a process which involves electrochemical oxidation-reduction reactions.

d. Pitting occurs in oxygen-rich anodic areas, and the rust is deposited nearby.

Which of the following is not a method of non-destructive testing of steel castings and forgings?

a. radiography b. magnetic particlec. ultrasonic d. chemical analysis

Compressive strength of fully cured concrete is most directly related to:

a. sand-gravel ratiob. fineness modulusc. aggregate gradationd. water-cement ratio

According to the ACI code, the modular ratio, n, of structural concrete with a 28-day ultimate compressive strength, f”c, of 3000 is nearest to:

a. 7 b. 8 c. 9 d. 10

All of the following statements about air entrained concrete are correct, EXCEPT:

a. Air entrainment is recommended when concrete is exposed to severe frost action.

b. With air entrainment, the quantity of water to produce a given consistency (slump) is reduced.

c. With air entrainment, the quantity of water to produce a specified 28 day compressive strength is reduced.

d. Air entrainment reduces resistance to the freeze-thaw that occurs when salt is used to melt ice or snow.

In the design of a reinforced concrete structure, tensile strength of the concrete is normally:

a. Assumed to be 1/10 of the 28-day compressive strength.

b. Determined by beam tests.c. Neglected.d. Assumed to be 200 psi.

All of the following groups of plastics are thermoplastic, EXCEPT:

a. Polyvinylchloride (PVC) and polyvinyl acetateb. Polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrenec. Tetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) and other

fluorocarbonsd. Phenolics, melamine and epoxy

Equations of state for a single component can be any of the following, EXCEPT:

a. the ideal gas law, Pv = RT.b. the ideal gas law modified by insertion of a

compressibility factor, Pv = ZRT.c. any relationship interrelating 3 or more state

functions.d. a mathematical expression defining a path

between states.

The state of a thermodynamic system is always defined by its

a. absolute temperatureb. processc. propertiesd. temperature and pressure

Mathematically, a thermodynamic property is which of the following?

a. a point functionb. a path functionc. an inexact differentiald. discontinuous

Normal boiling point of liquid oxygen is 90ºK. What is this temperature in ºR?

a. -330ºR b. -183c. 162 d. 168

A cylinder fitted with a weightless, frictionless piston contains m pounds of air at temperature T1, volume V1, and ambient pressure Pa. Heat is added until the air in the cylinder has a temperature T2, a volume V2, and ambient pressure P a. The specific heat of air at constant pressure is Cp, and the specific heat of air at constant volume is Cv. The heat transferred during the process is:

a. mCp(T2 – T1)b. mCv(T2 – T1) – Pa(V2 – V1)c. mCp(T2 – T1) + Pa(V2 – V1)d. mCv(T2 – T1) + Pa(V2 – V1)

A nonflow (closed) system contains 1 lb of an ideal gas (Cp = 0.24, Cv = 0.17). The gas temperature is increased by 10ºF while 5 BTU of work are done by the gas. What is heat transfer in BTU?

a. -3.3 b. -2.6 c. +6.7 d. +7.4

Shaft work of -15 BTU/lb and heat transfer of -10 BTU/lb change enthalpy of a system by

a. -25 BTU/lb b. -15 BTU/lbc. -10 BTU/lb d. +5 BTU/lb

The first law of thermodynamics states that:a. heat energy cannot be completely

transformed into work.b. internal energy is due to molecular motion.c. heat can only be transferred from a body of

higher temperature to one of lower temperature.

d. energy can neither created nor destroyed.

The maximum thermal efficiency that can be obtained in an ideal reversible heat engine operating between 1540ºF and 340ºF is closest to

a. 100% b. 60%c. 78% d. 40%

A 3 HP refrigerator or heat pump operates between 0ºF and 100ºF. The maximum theoretical heat that can be transferred from the cold reservoir is nearest to:

a. 7,600 BTU/hrb. 13,000 BTU/hrc. 23,000 BTU/hrd. 35,000 BTU/hr

A Carnot cycle heat engine operating between

1540ºF and 440ºF has an efficiency of approximately

a. 55% b. 45% c. 35% d. 29%Second law limitation on the maximum

horsepower output from any power unit burning 1,000,000 BTU/hr of fuel with high and low temperature extremes of 1540ºF and 40ºF is:

a. 98 b. 295 c. 1140 d. 3830

In any non-quasistatic thermodynamic process, the overall entropy of an isolated system will:

a. Increase and then decreaseb. Decrease and then increasec. Stay the samed. Increase only

Entropy is the measure ofa. the change in enthalpy of a systemb. the internal energy of a gasc. the heat capacity of a substanced. randomness or disorder

A high velocity flow of gas at 800 ft/sec possesses kinetic energy nearest to which of the following?

a. 1.03 BTU/lb b. 4.10 BTU/lbc. 9.95 BTU/lb d. 12.8 BTU/lb

(U + PV) is a quantity calleda. flow energy b. shaft workc. entropy d. enthalpy

In flow process, neglecting KE and PE changes, -∫ VdP represents which item below?

a. heat transferb. shaft workc. closed system workd. flow energy

Power may be expressed in units ofa. ft-lbs b. BTU/hrc. HP-hours d. Kw-hours

Which of the following thermodynamic cycle is the most efficient?

a. Carnot b. Braytonc. Otto d. Diesel

Equilibrium conditions exist in all except which of the following:

a. in reversible processesb. in processes where driving forces are

infinitesimals.c. along ideal frictionless, nondissipative paths

where forward and reverse processes occur at equal rates.

d. in a steady state flow process.

Name the process that has no heat transfer.

a. Isentropic b. Isothermalc. Quasistatic d. Reversible

In a closed system (with a moving boundary) which of the following represents work done during an isothermal process?

a. W = P(V2 – V1)b. W = 0c. W = P1V1 1n(P1/P2) = P1V1 1n(V2/V1) = mRT

1n(V2/V1) = mRT 1n(P1/P2)d. W = P2V2 – P1V1/ 1 – k = mR(T2 – T1)/ 1-k

Work of a polytropic (n = 1.21) compression of air (Cp / Cv = 1.40) in a system with moving boundary from P1 = 15. psia, V1 = 1.0 ft3 to P2

= 150. psia, V2 = 0.15 ft3 is:a. 35.5 ft. lb. b. 324 ft. lb.c. 1080 ft. lb. d. 5150 ft. lb.

Isentropic compression of 1 ft3 of air, Cp / Cv = 1.40, at 20 psia to a pressure of 100 psia gives a final volume of:

a. 0.16 ft3 b. 0.20 ft3

c. 0.32 ft3 d. 0.40 ft3

Enthalpy of an ideal gas is a function only of:a. internal energyb. entropyc. the product of pressure and specific volumed. temperature

Which of the following statements is false concerning the deviations of real gases from ideal gas behavior?

a. Molecular attraction interactions are compensated for in the ideal gas law.

b. Deviations from ideal gas behavior are large near the saturation curve.

c. Deviations from ideal gas behavior become significant at pressure above the critical point.

d. Molecular volume becomes significant as specific volume is decreased.

All of the following statements about wet bulb temperature are true EXCEPT:

a. wet bulb temperature equals adiabatic saturation temperature

b. wet bulb temperature lies numerically between dewpoint and dry bulb temperatures for unsaturated systems

c. wet bulb temperature equals both dry bulb and dewpoint temperature at 100% relative humidity.

d. wet bulb temperature is the only temperature necessary to determine grains of water per lb. of dry air

A small plastic bag is filled with moist air at 50% relative humidity, sealed and placed in an environmental chamber whose temperature and pressure may be independently varied. The relative humidity in the bag will be lowered under which of the following conditions?

a. pressure is increasedb. pressure is decreasedc. temperature is decreased d. temperature is decreased and pressure is

increased

An inventor claims to have built an engine which will revolutionize the automotive industry. Which of the following would be the best test to determine if the inventory’s claims are true?

a. Conservation of massb. Zeroth Law of Thermodynamicsc. First Law of Thermodynamicsd. Second Law of the Thermodynamics

Two independent intensive properties are required to fix the state of a pure, simple compressible substance. People often attempt to fix the state of a medium using heat and/or work, which are not properties. Which of the following statements about heat and work is not true?

a. Heat and work are transient phenomena b. Heat and work are forms of energyc. Heat and work are associated with processesd. Heat and work are point functions

Which of the following characteristics of the alkaline earth elements is unique to this group of elements?

a. The have two “s” electrons in the outer orbitb. They exhibit a valence of +2c. They are in Group II-A of the Periodic Table d. They form hydroxides which are alkaline in

aqueous solution

The presence of calcium and magnesium ions makes water “hard” because:

a. They raise the freezing point so that ice crystals form much more easily

b. Insoluble carbonates precipitate and form a “hard” scale on pipe walls and elsewhere

c. They precipitate soap rendering it useless for cleaning purposes

d. Answer B and C aboveAvogadro’s Number (6.023 x 1023) represents:a. The number of molecules in 1 gram of any

compoundb. The number of molecules in 1 liter of any gas

at 1 atm pressure and 0ºCc. The number of molecules in 1 gram mole of

any compound

d. The number of hydrogen molecules in 1 gram of hydrogen gas at 1 atm pressure and 0ºC

The Principle of LaChatelier permits qualitative prediction of:

a. How equilibrium composition will shift when the temperature changes

b. How equilibrium compositions will shift when pressure changes

c. How equilibrium compositions will shift when the concentration of reacting species changes

d. All of the above

Which of the following statements about the halogens is incorrect?

a. They are good oxidizing agentsb. The react with water to form strong basesc. They ALL exhibit a valence state of -1d. They are reactive with metals

The Group VIII elements, called the noble or rare gases, have the following property:

a. They are rareb. They do not react with other elementsc. They remain gaseous down to just a few

degrees above absolute zerod. They are lighter than air

Which of the following statements about the free carrier concentration associated with intrinsic semiconductors at room temperature is valid?

a. It increases with increasing value of energy gap

b. It decreases with increasing value of energy gap

c. It increases with increasing carrier mobilityd. It decreases with increasing carrier mobility

At absolute zero temperature (O K), all the valence electron in an intrinsic semiconductor:

a. are in the valence band b. are in the forbidden gapc. are in the conduction band d. are free electrons

Carrier mobility depends on:a. Resistivityb. recombination ratec. conductivity d. temperature and the regularity of the crystal

structure

The movement of charges from an area of high carrier concentration to an area of lower carrier concentration is called:

a. Gradient b. Recombinationc. diffusion d. lifetime

Which term describes a material whose properties depend on the direction of stress?

a. Anisotropic b. Isotropicc. Symmetrical d. Asymmetrical

Materials that emit light in the absence of high heat and continue to emit light after the energy source has been removed are called:

a. Phosphorescentb. Fluorescentc. Semiconductor-laser diodesd. Light-emitting diodes

Ions are formed whena. Electrons are displaced from atoms or

molecules by bombardment of high energy particles

b. Electrons are displaced from atoms or molecules by high energy electromagnetic radiation (for example, x-rays)

c. A salt form in an acid-base neutralization reaction

d. All of the above

Which of the following statements about the two crystalline forms of carbon, graphite and diamond, is NOT correct?

a. The properties of the two crystals are, in fact, more similar than dissimilar.

b. The diamond crystalline lattice permits little or no relative atomic motion while the graphite lattice offers little resistance to relative atomic motion.

c. The diamond lattice is transparent to visible light, graphite is not

d. Diamond id the hardest naturally-occurring substance; graphite is soft.

A gamma ray is composed of:a. high energy protonsb. high energy electrons c. high energy neutrons d. high energy electromagnetic radiation

Which statement about crystal dislocations is NOT correct?

a. A dislocation is a defect by an atomic misalignment in a crystal.

b. Dislocation are the cause of plastic deformation of crystals under an applied shear stress.

c. A dislocation is a crystalline lattice located in an unexpected place.

d. Edge, screw, and mixed dislocations are possible.

Plank’s Constant (6.625 10-27 erg sec) represents

a. The ratio between the magnitude of a quantum of radiated energy and its frequency.

b. The quantum or smallest amount of energy that can be emitted by radiation

c. The smallest number of any physical significance

d. The number of ergs in a kilogram calorie

The elements exhibit periodically recurring chemical and physical properties because:

a. They are arranged that way in the Periodic Table

b. The properties are largely determined by the quantum numbers of the outer electrons all of which, except for the first which indicates the orbit, recur in each orbit

c. Probability considerations dictate that properties will recur since there are a limited number of possibilities.

d. The reason is unknown; it is simply observed experimentally

Many transition metals exhibit more than one valence state in simple reactions because

a. s and p electrons in the same orbit have very different reactives.

b. d electrons from one orbital down are not as reactive as the s electrons in the outer orbit

c. The valence states of metals change if the other elements in the molecule change

d. It is not always possible to predict how even simple reaction will occur

Which of the following material properties is a adversely affected by grain refinement?

a. Tensile strengthb. Creep resistancec. Ductility d. Elastic modulusWhich of the following treatments will result in an

increase in the fatigue strength of steel?a. Annealingb. Cold Workingc. Shot peeningd. Surface roughening

Which of the following classes of materials exhibits a decreasing electrical conductivity with increasing temperature?

a. Pure ionic materials b. Intrinsic semiconductorsc. Metals d. p-type semiconductor

How many atoms are in a body centered cubic unit cell?

a. 2 b. 1 c. 4 d. 8

The property that characterizes a material’s ability to be drawn into a wire is its

a. Tensile strength b. Fatigue endurance limit c. Thermal conductivity d. Ductility

The lowest temperature at which liquid will present in an alloy of 60 weight percent B is

a. 800°C b. 450°Cc. 950°C d. 1100°C

Consider the hydraulic jump which exists at the outflow of a dam. The outflow is controlled so that the depth of the fluid at the outflow is constant. An increase in the volumetric flow rate through the dam will have what effect on the hydraulic jump?

a. Increase the height difference across the jump and move its location upstream

b. Decrease the height difference across the jump and move its location upstream

c. Increase the height difference across the jump and move its location downstream

d. Decrease the height difference across the jump and move its location downstream

Which of the following instruments for measuring fluid velocities does not need to be calibrated?

a. Orifice Meterb. Pitot- Static Tubec. Hot-Wire Anemometerc. Weir

In compressible fluid mechanics, a shock wave is considered a “normal” shock wave then:

a. The flow remains supersonic on both sides of the shock wave.

b. The angle between the direction of flow and the wave is 90°.

c. The shock wave occurs is air.d. The shock wave occurs at an oblique angle to

the flow.

Cavitation in fluid mechanics refers toa. the separation of the air flow behind a wingb. the oscillation of a plate due to turbulent

fluctuationsc. the liquid to gaseous phase transition of a

fluid due to low pressured. the condensation of vapor into liquid due to

high pressure

Capillarity, or the rise or fall of a liquid in a thin tube is primarily controlled by which fluid property?

a. density b. viscosityc. surface tension d. temperature

Heat is transferred at constant volume process to the thermodynamic system of a fixed mass. The thermodynamic system will produce

a. small amount of workb. zero workc. large amount of workd. negative work

In manufacturing process 1000 kw of waste heat at temperature 327° C is available for utilization purposes. If ambient temperature is 27° C, the designed heat engine producing 510 kw of net power output will be

a. irreversible b. reversiblec. adiabatic d. impossible

In the boiler, water preheating, vaporization, and superheating processes take place at constant pressure. When water (liquid + vapor) exists at saturation conditions, the state of the water is fixed if all of the following statements are true EXPECT:

a. specific volume and quality are knownb. pressure and temperature are knownc. pressure and specific volume are knownd. temperature and specific volume are known

Which of the following statements defines best the capitalized cost?

a. It is the present worth of a specified uniform cash flow for an infinite analysis period

b. It is the initial cost of some equipmentc. It is the salvage value of an equipmentd. It is the amount of money equal to cost minus

benefit for an equipment

Which of the following is not taken into account in making an economic decision between two alternative equipment?

a. Reliability b. Operating costc. Rate of return d. Salvage value

In a before-tax comparison of alternatives, what effect does the method of depreciation have on which alternative is preferred?

a. The method of depreciation has no effect on the alternative selected

b. The method of depreciation determines the alternative to be selected

c. Straight line depreciation leads to the selection of the best alternative

d. The ARCS depreciation leads to the selection of the best alternative

What type of bonds exists predominantly in a sodium chloride crystal?

a. metallic bond b. ionic bondc. covalent d. van der Waals bond

Pure metal A undergoes an isothermal transformation in which its crystal structure changes from face centered cubic (fcc) to body centered cubic (bcc). As a result, the volume of a piece of metal A.

a. increasesb. decreasesc. remains the samed. decreases up to the midpoint of the

transformation and then asymptotically reaches its original value

Which of the following leads to a reduction in the electrical resistivity of a pure metal?

a. cold workingb. annealingc. grain refinementd. addition of alloying elements

The rigidity of polymer can be increased bya. increasing the degree of poly merizationb. increasing the extent of cross linkingc. crystallizationd. all of the above

Which of the following properties of a metal is insensitive to the microstructure?

a. tensile strengthb. ductilityc. modulus of elasticityd. hardness

The dominant charge carriers in a phosphorus-doped silicon crystal at room temperature are

a. electron holes b. electronsc. phosphorus ions d. silicon ions

Metals are conductive becausea. they have a characteristic metallic lusterb. they have extra electrons as exhibited by

normally positive valence statesc. the electrons are loosely bound to the nuclei

and, therefore, mobiled. they are on the left side of the Periodic Table

An x-ray isa. It is not known what it is; hence the name “x”

raysb. electromagnetic radiation

c. a ray of mixed subatomic particles containing electrons, protons, and neutrons

d. a ray of electrons

Group Ia elements are easily ionized becausea. they have a single “s” electron in the outer

orbitb. they are metals and, therefore, conductivec. they react violently with water to liberate

hydrogend. the reason is not known, but is observed

experimentally

The rare earth metals all have very similar chemical properties because:

a. the reason is not known, but is observed experimentally

b. they are rare, hence little is known about their chemistry

c. they melt at extreme temperatures, hence are nearly inert

d. successive members of the series are formed by adding 4f electrons which have little effect on reactivity

An electron volt isa. a voltage unit commonly used when

measuring the voltage of electronsb. the unit of electrical charge of one electronc. a unit of energy equal to the energy

possessed by an electron accelerating through a potential of one volt

d. can be any of the above depending on the context

Which of the following group of elements ALL from crystals of the diamond structural lattice?

a. carbon, boron, and aluminumb. carbon, cobalt, and nickelc. carbon, silicon, and germaniumd. lithium, sodium, and potassium

The stress of load where a crystalline material fails is usually less than that predicted from calculated bond strengths in the crystal lattice because

a. It is, to date, impossible to calculate something as complicated as the stress at failure

b. The stress at failure is governed by crystal defects, not crystal bond strength

c. The stress at failure is not reproducible experimentally

d. Plastic deformation occurs before failure