matt-kolon wireless access

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Copyright © 2003 Juniper Networks, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential www.juniper.net 1

Wireless Access in 2006

and Beyond

Matt Kolon

Mobility Architect

[email protected]



2Co ri ht © 2003 Juni er Networks Inc. CONFIDENTIAL www.uni er.net

Agenda

Mobile technology overview

• GSM, GPRS/EDGE and transition to UMTS WCDMA

• CDMA and CDMA2000 transition to 3G

• WLAN and mobile integration

Planning considerations for wireless access




Intranets/Internet

PSTN/

ISDN

WiFi/WiMax

Base Switching Station(GSM/EDGE)

UTRAN (WCDMA)

Mobile Packet BackboneNetwork

IP Multimedia Subsystem

Access Point

Site Router

Base TransceiverStation (BTS)

Base StationController (BSC)

Service DomainHost

SubscriberServer (HSS)

EmergencyAlert System

(EAS)

Call SessionControlFunction(CSCF)

MediaResource

Function (MRF)

TransitSwitching

Center (TSC)

MobileSwitching

Center (MSC)

Serving GPRSSupport Node

(SGSN)

MultimediaGateway

WLAN AccessServer

GatewayGSN

Media

Gateway

Base TransceiverStation (BTS)

Radio NetworkController (RNC)

Mobile Packet Networks




GSM GSM WCDMA

HSCSD

GPRS

EDGE

Wireless evolution: 3 major streams

CDMA

IS-95ACDMA

IS-95B

1xRTT 1xEV-DO 1xEV-DVCDMA2000

3xRTT

2G 2.5G 3G

Mult ip le phases

Wireless

BroadbandWiFi WiMAX




GSM evolution to 3G

GSM9.6kbps (one timeslot)

GSM Data

Also called CSD

GSM

General Packet Radio Services

Data rates up to ~ 115 kbps

Max: 8 timeslots used as any one time

Packet switched; resources not tied up all the time

Contention based. Efficient, but variable delays

GSM / GPRS core network re-used by WCDMA

(3G)

GPRS

HSCSD

High Speed Circuit Switched DataDedicate up to 4 timeslots for data connection ~ 50

kbps

Good for real-time applications c.w. GPRS

Inefficient -> ties up resources, even when nothing

sent

Not as popular as GPRS (many skipping HSCSD)

EDGE

Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution

Uses 8PSK modulation3x improvement in data rate on short distances

Can fall back to GMSK for greater distances

Combine with GPRS (EGPRS) ~ 384 kbps

Can also be combined with HSCSD

WCDMA




CDMA

IS-95A

IS-95A

14.4 kbps

Core

network re-used in

CDMA2000

1xRTT

CDMA2000 1xRTT: single carrier RTTFirst phase in CDMA2000 evolution

Easy co-existence with IS-95A air

interface

Release 0 - max 144 kbps

Release A – max 384 kbps

Same core network as IS-95

1xEV-DO

CDMA2000 1xEV-DO: Evolved Data Optimised

Third phase in CDMA2000 evolution

Standardised version of Qualcomm High Data Rate

(HDR)

Adds TDMA components beneath code components

Good for highly asymmetric high speed data apps

Speeds to 2Mbps +, classed as a “3G” system

Use new or existing spectrum

1xEV-DVCDMA2000

3xRTT

CDMA2000 1x Evolved DV

Fourth phase in CDMA2000 evolutionStill under development

Speeds to 5Mbps+ (more than

3xRTT!)

Possible end game.

CDMA2000 evolution to 3G

IS-95B

IS-95B

Uses multiple code channels

Data rates up to 64kbps

Many operators gone direct to

1xRTT




3G Release 99 Packet switched

TDM

PSTN

IP InternetCorporate

IP/AAL5 AUCHLR

SCP

USIM

NodeB

RNC 3G MSC

AAL2

3G SGSN

Packet transfer to & from serving area

Registration, authentication

Mobility management

logical links to RNC, tunnel to GGSN

QoS

3G GGSN

Multiple PDP contextsQoS (GPRS extensions forreal time traffic classes etc)

Iu b

Iu ps

Iu cs

Iu r

Gn Gi




3G Release 4

PSTN

InternetCorporate

IP/AAL5USIM

NodeB MediaGateway

BICC Circuit switchedcall control server

(MSC Server)H.248MEGACO

TDM ATM

IP

Nb

Split MSC into bearer and control

Bearer independent CS

New MGCP, new CS call control

Streaming MMS service using PSstreaming service 26.233

TS 23.205 Split

TS 29.414 Bearer

Mc

MediaGateway

(CS-MGW)




3G Release 5

PSTN

InternetCorporate

IP/AAL5USIM

NodeB

BICC Circuit switchedcall control server

H.248

TDM ATM

IP

SIP IP MultimediaCSCF

Call Session Control Function

IP multimedia control sub system(IMS) – IPv6, SIP based

Native IP UTRAN option

UDP/IP or AAL2

Iu b

Iu ps

Iu cs

RTPor

AAL2

23.228 IMS

25.933 IP UTRAN

SIPSTACK

QoS enhancements (end-to-end)


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Mobile IP Applications

WiMAX networks

WLAN to cellular roaming

Inter GGSN or PDSN roaming

MobileCore

Internet

SGSN

MobileNode

FA

HomeNetwork

ESS

Wi-Fi

WAP

FA

RANHA



Mobile IP Interworking with UMTS/GPRS

Recommends use of FA Care Of Addresses (CoA), not collocated, to conserve IPv4addresses

Source:

3GPP



Tight integration proposed by 3GPP

GGSNAccess Controller,

RADIUS RelayAuthenticator

RADIUS/SS-7

GWHLR

EAPoLRADIUS

RADIUSGr Interface

Create PDP Context {IP, transparent mode APN,

IMSI/NSAPI, MSISDN, dynamic address requested}

Create PDP Context Response {End User Address}

DHCP Discover

Client

DHCP Request

DHCP Offer

DHCP Ack {address = End User

address from GGSN} Lease

expiration

Delete PDP Context Request

Client -

Authentication

Client –

IP Address

Assignment

GGSN

HLR

GPRS Tunneling Protocol



High Level IMS Architecture

BTS BSC

SCIM(Service Broker Platform)

RAN TRANSPORT PLANE

C O N T R O L

P L A N E

S E R V I C E

P L A N E

SCIM: Service Capability Interaction Manager

MRFC: Multimedia Resource Function Controller

CSCF: Call Session Control Function

HSS: Home Subscriber Server

HLR: Home Location Register

PDF: Policy Decision Function

BGCF: Breakout Gateway Control Function

MGCF: Media Gateway Control FunctionMGW: Media Gateway

GGSN: Gateway P\GPRS Support Node

SGSN: Serving GPRS Support Node

HLR

PDF

SGSN Intranet/Internet

WLAN

MGWNode B RNC

PSTN

PLMN

MRFC S-CSCF

I-CSCF

P-CSCF BGCF

MGCF

HSS

MGW

MRFP

ABBREVIATIONS

GGSN



Thank You



Backup Slides



3GPP2 Reference Architecture

Ref: 3GPP2 A.S0011

SourceBSC

MSC/VLR

PDSNPCF

SourceBTS

A9

A8

Aquinter

ReferencePoint

Aquater

ReferencePoint

(R-P Interface)

A11

A10

A1 A5 A2

AReference

Point

A3

A7

AterReference

Point

External IPNetwork

Pi

TargetBSC

HLR

SS7

Ref: 3GPP2 A.S0011

RadioNetwork

(RN)



GPRS: General Packet Radio Service

TDM

PSTN

AUCHLR

SCP

SIM

BTS

BSC

Packet Control Unit

(PCU)Forward data frames fromTDM BSS to packet core

New hardware in BSC

Serving GPRS Support Node

(SGSN)Packet transfer to, from serving area

Registration, authentication, mobilitymanagement / handover, CDRs

logical links to BTS, tunnel to GGSN

Gateway GPRS Support

Node (GGSN)Gateway to external IPnetworks (VPN/ISP etc)

IP network security

GPRS session mgmt, AAAA

CDRs for charging

PacketSwitchedCore

CircuitSwitched

Um Abis A

& PCU

IP Network InternetCorporate

FR

Gb

Gn Gi

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