Matter: Chapter 2Lesson 3: What are mixtures?

A mixture is a combination of two or more substances. Substances in a mixture can be separated. This means that they are not chemically combined.

A physical property of a substance is a characteristic of the substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance.Size, shape, texture, color, flexibility, and temperature are all examples of physical properties.

Separating Mixtures:

A mixture is often easy to separate into its parts. You can use the properties of the substance in a mixture to separate them from each other.

MagnetismA magnet can be used to separate substances that are attracted to a magnet.

Filtration:The process of separating substances with a filter. Filtration can be used to separate some solids from liquids and big objects from small objects.You can separate sand from water if you pour it into a filter.

Evaporation

Evaporation is the change from a liquid to a gas. Evaporation can be used to separate solids from liquids.To make salt, salty ocean water can be put into a tray. After the water evaporates, the salt is left in the tray.

CondensationCondensation is the process of a gas changing into a liquid. You can lower the temperature and cause condensation.

Solutions:In a solution, one or more substances are dissolved in another substance.The most common kind of solution is a solid dissolved into a liquid.(salt into water)

Solute and Solvent

A solute is the substance that dissolves.

A solvent is the substance that takes in or dissolves the other substance.

Usually there is more solvent that solute.

SolubilityThe ability of one substance to dissolve another is called its solubility.Solubility is a measure of the amount of a substance that will dissolve in another substance.Sometimes raising the temperature of the solvent can speed up the process of dissolving the solute. (Jello)

Got it?

1. How can a safety pin be separated from a mixture?

2. Mud is a mixture of dirt and water. Describe which methods you would use to separate this mixture so you are left with the dirt.