matter – general information chem328 1 st year chemistry revised 2015
TRANSCRIPT
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Matter – General Information
Chem328 1st Year ChemistryRevised 2015
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A. Matter Flowchart
MATTER
Homogeneous Mixture
(solution)
Heterogeneous Mixture Compound Element
MIXTURE – More than One
Base unit or Particle Type
PURE SUBSTANCE- ONE BASE UNIT OR
PARTICLE TYPE
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A. Matter Flowchart
• Examples:
– graphite
– pepper
– sugar (sucrose)
– paint
– soda
element
hetero. mixture
compound
hetero. mixture
Solution (homo.
mixture)
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B. Pure Substances
• Element – composed of identical atoms– EX: copper wire, aluminum foil
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B. Pure Substances
• Compound
– Def: 2 or more elements chemically combined in a fixed mass ratio (also fixed # ratio)
– properties differ from those of individual elements
– EX: table salt (NaCl)
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C. Mixtures
• Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances.
Heterogeneous Homogeneous
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C. Mixtures• Homogeneous Mixture– Called a Solution– Particles are very small and evenly
distributed (affects of this is)• No Tyndal Effect (see slide below)• Particles don’t settle out• Particles don’t filter out
– EX: rubbing alcohol
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C. Mixtures
• Heterogeneous–medium-sized to
large-sized particles
– particles may or may not settle
– Has Tyndall Effect (see slide below)
– EX: milk, fresh-squeezed
lemonade
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Difference Between Types of Heterogenous Mixtures
Colloid – Don’t settle out Ex: Jello Suspension – Do settle out Ex: Muddy H2O1
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Tyndall Effect
• When particles are aggregated together or themselves are large enough to they affect light passing by.
• Examples: Colloids and Suspension (solution do not have Tyndall Effect)
• Picture: Left container is colloid and right container is solution.
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C. Mixtures
• Examples:
– tea
–muddy water
– fog
– saltwater
– Italian salad dressing
• Answers:– Solution
– Heterogeneous
– Heterogeneous
– Solution
– Heterogeneous