+

Matter-Properties and Changes

We will return to Chapter 2 after Chapter 3! Don’t worry!!

+What you’ll learn

You will distinguish between physical and chemical properties

You will classify matter by composition. You will explain the fundamental law of the

conservation of mass

+Pretest

1. How many states of matter exist?a. 1b. 2c. 3d. 4

2. What are the states of matter?a. Solid, Liquid, Gas, Plasmab. Solid and Liquidc. Liquid, Gas, and Plasmad. Solid, Liquid, and Gas

+Pretest

3. There is no different between physical and chemical properties of matter?

a. True b. False

4. Melting is a physical change.a. Trueb. False

5. Rust is a chemical change.a. Trueb. False

+Pure SubstanceSubstance- matter that has a uniform and unchanging composition

Pure Substance- contain only one type of matter. Only Examples: Table Salt, water, sugar

+Is every sample of matter a substance?

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NO!Nah žádný

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+Is air a substance?

Get with a partner and discuss if air is a substance.

Here are some ideas to help you along: Composition of air: Nitrogen 78.1%, Oxygen

20.9%, Argon 0.9%, Carbon Dioxide 0.03%, Other Gases 0.07%

Each sample of air has a certain amount of water vapor and pollutants.

Let’s take a vote!!

+Physical Properties of Matter

A physical property can be observed or measured without changing the sample’s compositionExamples: Density, Color, Odor, Taste, Hardness, Melting Point, Boiling Point

Panning for gold-uses physical properties

+Extensive and Intensive categories for Physical Properties of Matter Extensive Properties are dependent upon the

amount of substance presentExample: Mass, Length, Volume

Intensive Properties are independent of the amount of substance presentExample: Density, Color

+Chemical Properties of Matter

Chemical property -the ability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more other substances Example: The ability of iron to form rust when combined with oxygen

+States of Matter

Physical Properties of matter also include the STATE! Four States:

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

+SOLID

Particles are tightly packed together in a rigid arrangement

Has a definite shape and volume, it cannot be compressed.

When heated, a solid expands What are some examples?

Examples: Wood, Iron, Paper, Sugar

+LIQUID

Particles touch each other but have more freedom of movement than those in an solid

Take the shape of the container holding it Is matter that flows Liquid’s volume is constant Liquid’s tend to expand when heated What are examples of liquids?

Examples: Water, Soda, Juice

+GAS

Particles are relatively far apart Are free to move anywhere

inside their container Have indefinite shape and indefinite volume A form of matter that takes the shape

and the volume of its container What are some examples of gases?

Examples: Steam, Methane, Chlorine gas

H2O(g) Steam

+PLASMAS

Matter that has been heated to very high temperatures Resulting in an ionized gas with equal numbers of

positive and negative charges

+Some Properties of Solids, Liquids, and Gases

Property Solid Liquid Gas

Shape Has definite shape Takes the shape of Takes the shape the container of its container

Volume Has a definite volume Has a definite volume Fills the volume of the container

Arrangement of Fixed, very close Random, close Random, far apartParticles

Interactions between Very strong Strong Essentially noneparticles

+Solid, Liquid, Gas, or Plasma???

+Physical Changes in Matter

1. Physical Change

- A change in matter which occurs without changing the chemical composition

- Cutting, grinding, bending, boiling, melting, dissolving, condensing usually signify a physical change

+Physical Change Examples

A change in temperature can also indicate a physical change

H2O(s) ↔ H2O(l) ↔ H2O(g) 0°C 100°C

+Chemical Changes in Matter

AKA Chemical Reaction A process that involves one or more

substances changing into new substances

Sodium ChlorineSodium Chloride (SALT)

+Conservation of Mass

Even though chemical change occurred, the total mass involved remained the same.

The law of conservation of mass states that matter is neither created nor destroyed (it is conserved)

Mass(reactants)=Mass(products)

WOOD + OXYGEN ASH + WATER VAPOR + CARBON DIOXIDE

+Chemical or Physical Change

Wind Eroding RocksDead Leaves Decaying Rain Puddle Drying Up

Mixing Flour and Baking Powder

Gasoline Evaporating Bread Baking in an OvenMilk Souring

Gasoline BurningInstant tea dissolving in water

+ANSWERS

wind eroding rocks – PHYSICAL CHANGE dead leaves decaying – CHEMICAL CHANGE rain puddle drying up – PHYSICAL CHANGE mixing flour and baking powder- PHYSICAL CHANGE gasoline evaporating – PHYSICAL CHANGE bread baking in an oven – CHEMICAL CHANGE instant tea dissolving in water – PHYSICAL CHANGE milk souring – CHEMICAL CHANGE gasoline burning- CHEMICAL CHANGE

+HOMEWORK =)

Page 60 #1-5

Page 65 # 10-12

Study for Pre-lab Quiz for Colored Water Lab

+For the Remainder of Class

Hand out Colored Water Lab Physical and Chemical Change Worksheet! Due end of class! (IF you do not finish-it is ADDITIONAL

HW)!! =)