matthew lombard, phd btmm, mm&c, ispr november 8, 2007 (tele) presence and usability
TRANSCRIPT
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Matthew Lombard, PhDBTMM, MM&C, ISPR
November 8, 2007
(Tele) Presence and Usability
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Overview
• What is (tele)presence?
• The growing (tele)presence field
• Who cares?
• Usability and presence
• Example
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What Is (Tele)Presence?
The evolution of media technologies - drawings, print, radio, film, television, computers, IMAX, simulator rides, virtual reality, AI agents…
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What Is (Tele)Presence?
… has produced mediated experiences that seem increasingly natural, intuitive, comfortable, easy, automatic, and ‘real’ because the technology seems increasingly less like technology.
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• “the extent to which one feels present in the mediated environment, rather than in the immediate physical environment”(Steuer, 1992)
• “A sense of ‘being there’ in a displayed scene or environment” (Barfield, Zeltzer, Sheridan, & Slater (1995)
• “the perceptual illusion of nonmediation” (Lombard & Ditton, 1997)
What is (Tele)Presence?
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• "Presence (a shortened version of the term ‘telepresence’) is a psychological state or subjective perception in which even though part or all of an individual's current experience is generated by and/or filtered through human-made technology, part or all of the individual's perception fails to accurately acknowledge the role of the technology in the experience.” (International Society for Presence Research, 2000)
What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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Lara Diki T-babe Webbie- Tookay
Virtual Characters
What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
Sony’s Aibo“From the first day you play with Aibo, it will become
your new companion for the Millennium.”
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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What is (Tele)Presence?
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Growing (Tele)P Field
• ISPR hosts first systematic database (n=1834)
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Growing (Tele)P. Field
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Growing (Tele)P. Field10 Annual International Workshops on Presence:PRESENCE 1998: Suffolk, England
PRESENCE 1999: Colcester, England
PRESENCE 2000: Delft, The Netherlands
PRESENCE 2001: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USAPRESENCE 2002: Porto, Portugal
PRESENCE 2003: Aalborg, Denmark
PRESENCE 2004: Valencia, Spain
PRESENCE 2005: London, UK
PRESENCE 2006: Cleveland, Ohio, USA
PRESENCE 2007: Barcelona, Spain
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Growing (Tele)P. Field
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Who cares?• It’s ‘central’ – relates to many fields
and endeavors
• It will be increasingly common
• It has many potential effects – attention, memory, social judgment, persuasion, enjoyment, task performance…
• It’s just cool
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Who cares?
Art
Business
Education
Entertainment
Ethics
…
Health/Medicine
Military
Philosophy
Politics
Psychology
…
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Usability and Presence
• More presence means greater usability
• Make technology adapt to people, not people adapt to technology
• A natural, intuitive interface that hides technology presence usability efficiency/productivity/satisfaction…
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Usability and Presence
• How to evoke presence?–Big displays (high field of view)
–Multiple senses (sound)
–Interactivity
–Obvious affordances
–Perceptual and social realism
–Spatial cues – you’re in a place
–Social cues – you’re interacting with a person
–Meet natural expectations for dealing w. ‘real’ world
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Example
Karl Horvath’s dissertation study:
THE COMPUTER AS INFORMATION INTERMEDIARY:
USING SOCIAL AND SPATIAL CUES TO EVOKE PRESENCE IN COMPUTER USERS AND OPTIMIZE HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION
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Example
• Low spatial,
low social cues
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Example
• High spatial,
high social cues
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Example
• Low spatial,
high social cues
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Example
• High spatial,
low social cues
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Example
• Results:–Social cues Social presence
–Spatial cues Spatial presence
–Social/spatial cues Satisfaction, enjoyment, comprehension, perceived ability, likelihood of use
–Social + spatial biggest effects
–For all experience levels
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Example
• Bottom lines:
(Tele)Presence looks like a useful concept for increasing usability
Researchers and practitioners in both areas should talk!