maximizing use value in lowinc housing ohi-libre

7/26/2019 Maximizing Use Value in LowInc Housing OHI-libre

1/12

8 5#$

e"

h#(&e

i"'e%"a

'i#"a

V#

.36

N#.3

,Se$

'e!

be%

2011T#)a%d&

Aff#%da

bii'+:

Ma*

i!i&i"g

U&e

Va

(e

i"L#)-I

"c#!e

H#(&i"g

Dina Shehayeb and Peter Kellett

*: ; 9)+ ;

M C A=C A=-

C =. 'AH A =CAACC>=

=>A > >

> = >EA CA > C A E. A AA C. F>>= >= > C H >=-

C/C>AC E =>AA

=H A >= A= > A>-CA

CAC = =C, = >A-

C>=H , A= >A == OA>ACP

A=C =EA>=A A=C A A>.

A >C >= A>>=H = =

A> A=C =EA>=

> >C, C, A>AC = E C

A>E H >CA, =>A= =EA>= C>C A>-

>= =E>E

A>AC C> AC

= C >>A C> == CA E= >=C>=

C= C = > CA A>A. A

=CAC > >ACH H >==C

> A>AC >= L C A A>AC =

CA E, C A >C=CH >A

C H C> , H C >A >C >A

>= >A =CA

AC>=. i= >CA >A >ACH C >-

=> A>AC >=.

D4;;8=6 0 0= 02C8E8CH HC4C =>= = EA. C >

= > CEC AC C> C EAH

AEE > C >=.

= > C H C

CEC. iC A>E , CA, = > =

H =EA>= C= C A>A-

C EAHH E= CEC. CH=

> C CEC A A>AC>= C >< = C >CA CEC,


2/12

8 6

Di"a

Sheha

+e

ba"

dPe

'e%

Ke

e

''%

#$

e"

h#(&e

i"'e%"a

'i#"a

V#

.36

N#.3

,Se$

'e!

be%

2011T#)a%d&

Aff#%da

bii'+:

Ma*

i!i&i"g

U&e

Va

(e

i"L#)-I

"c#!e

H#(&i"g

AE CC C CEC >C= C= >C-

C >=A > C = =C =

H C >A=A > C AEC >, = ACA A>>>AC, 1990).

F=2C8>=0; >??>AC=8C84

%= H > AE CA H =EA>=-

>AC=C C >A C>AC=C >A >AC=C C> C-

H > = H>> = = >>AC=-

C C> CCAC A=C C (H,

1995). F=C>= %>AC=C, F%, =

>C=C, AE = *CI

(H, 1995) = C = C H =EA>=-

CA >EAH ( 2). =

AA C> C< ! F C> C C

E>A A > = >=CCC C >>-

A>A > C =EA>=A

>=A >C=C F% C> F% CC A A-

E = A= C= C >=CC > C CA

>A > C >C>=.

!+= F A C =

> C >AC > CC A-

C = >=CE >AC>=. AE= >C=C

F% ==C >= C =EP A= >CA A= = C AC . i= C = AE A=C

>C=C F% == >= CA A>=CH, ,

=A, = >>-CA =>A> CC % F A C >

AE F%, A CH AA=C C> AE

=C>= >>AC=C ACH >= C>

CI H C AEA. a

> > >C= A ACE = =CA C= C

A> > AC>= (=, 1983) C>A CC

F/ 0

+= => >/

0 => >/

@ +=..

F/


3/12

8 7#$

e"

h#(&e

i"'e%"a

'i#"a

V#

.36

N#.3

,Se$

'e!

be%

2011T#)a%d&

Aff#%da

bii'+:

Ma*

i!i&i"g

U&e

Va

(e

i"L#)-I

"c#!e

H#(&i"g

Di"a

Sheh

a+e

ba"

dPe

'e%

Ke

e

''C C A> > > =P A> = A>AC; (2) A>=P AA-

=; = (3) AC>AH A CC >EA= C

>AC>= > C H =EA>=

C >=C AE C A-

C>= C= C / > C >=>= C >=

> =A > AC A>AC A=-

C =EA>=AC=P >

=AH AA C> C A=H >A > A=A

C= = C. %= H A =

CC C OCP C= C H =EA>=A >A = > C =: > = = AA=; = > >

A>AC = >EA CE

C> >=C = A>= C> C AE> =

> C OA>ACP >A O=A=C CCHP A

CA AA C> C CH > C =EA>= AE EACH > =C>= = > EACH >CA =CAACC>= >EA CC AC=

C CACA > C > (+A=I-#>>=, 1986).

>= >=C OCHP = C

CH > C =EA>= = >A M C C> = = >AA C> C C =-

C>= C AE (%A -

= C >=>= > > =>; = C> A=C >C

AC > CA >AC >A>, >A A

H A AE C =>A EC C> >

=>A= C> > A>AC=

= C >==

> = CC =A AP > C

>= >=C = CEA

C CCH = CH

A C> >

E MA>ACN >= >

>A C A = CC = = =>A

MA>AC>=N > C> = C> >AC>= > C >= > C >>AC=C

CH AE C> C, >A C, C> CA = =

CH. CA C >= AC-

H > CA= ('>H,

2005; '>H & aH, 2004). hA C =

> >=>C>=,

E>= = H C

=AH= CA E > C A, C = A-

>=A A>A >=CA=C

(hA==I C , 2010). AC>= > =

=A=H OA>ACP = =EA>== C

C= AC>= = ACH = -

E A EC =A=C.

*(e +a"*e

i F% A H C> >=CI C H =E-

A>=CC

C = F%. iC ACE AE CA ACE AC=, EA-

CCH, = C=CH. F>A >< C

C> => C >C=C F% C> E

=C> C> =CAH E=CC = > AE C CA< >

CC E= C A>>< =C> C> A = =>A

C> > CA A C=C

> >CA (H

C , 2004), >A A AA=CC>= > > = AC>=

(CC, 2005). D= =C>=, > C> E E

CH >A F%, =/>A C

F% CH >A H E = CA CA >=-

CC. %A ACE A, > = >CE C>

E >, >=>A-

C=P. AC= > C A> =A-

C >A C CC > C A=C, C> C

ACH > CA A>A = C ACE =A


4/12

8 8

Di"a

Sheha

+e

ba"

dPe

'e%

Ke

e

''%

#$

e"

h#(&e

i"'e%"a

'i#"a

V#

.36

N#.3

,Se$

'e!

be%

2011T#)a%d&

Aff#%da

bii'+:

Ma*

i!i&i"g

U&e

Va

(e

i"L#)-I

"c#!e

H#(&i"g

= C AC= > C=C =C>= = =

>A. = C = =

, C A AC= E= C> C C=C A>

> C = C> C C=C CC CC (1992:23-

32) A CC = > CC, > =>-

C>= C A C> =CAC =CH = >CE

A E AC =

=AH > =C> >=>5C>?

i= C #-eC = $>AC aA,

C A>>C> CE ,

A > >-

CAH CH, >=>> >A = >A

>>= = = AC=C C AAE, >CAH > =CA = C CE >= C CC ==>C C =

C = =C, = C CA C>>,

>C, >A >. i= =C>=,

C = eHC, = C A>>C> >=

>= C >>A.

+ C E = C C = eHC, C A>>C> C >=H ==H,

> C> AH =AH, A =, =

= AH >>A A. aACC A>>C>

E C A>> =C> A=C I>= >A -

A=C , (/ 3), A>E C = >-

> A= C A>>C> =>C H>= CC

= = C< C> >A=I = A C

(CA CH >A CAH, >A >C). >>AC>= = A= > < >= -CA C> C >CA = =

C> >EA = >= >=CC.

%?4=-08A (C08A4;;: 8= 18;8=6 ? C> 3 C>A4H)

"== >= CA = A>E =C, >C>>A, =H >A >ACHA, C == =H C>>A ; >C= >A AH-

= >=>= = A, >H >> CA

C CA >>AC AA= >>, = >>A A. %= C A>= >>A, C CA

= >A C F% > A >ACHA H

>A A>= >>A A. i= =

>>A = A >A

=, =, C OA>HP >ACHA A = >C, >=

>A =CAH >C C = =C, H>= -

A= H =A C AE= > A=C =

=>A. E > AC=

=A >A >A =>

> ==>C >A A C= >= >A C> =CA=

AEC .

F/


5/12

8 9#$

e"

h#(&e

i"'e%"a

'i#"a

V#

.36

N#.3

,Se$

'e!

be%

2011T#)a%d&

Aff#%da

bii'+:

Ma*

i!i&i"g

U&e

Va

(e

i"L#)-I

"c#!e

H#(&i"g

Di"a

Sheh

a+e

ba"

dPe

'e%

Ke

e

''"==, CA, >ACHA =

A>>C> = C=>= >A =

CEC E E = CA AE=C ACAC C >>AC=CH >A

=, A =C =C>=

A >C = = HH

= =A=H =C CA C-

>A. F== C CC C E >

=A C A C =CA=H E =C>

OCC=P >C CH = C-

AH, = CC >C=C,

C A >A=A C C A C-

C= >A OP (, 1981) C = >EA, = > = H

E A H >=C >=A C>C =H >E>

H A A-H CC C AA CC >CA.

$5 e=2;>4 (?024

a >= C= C> 65= =>A>>, = C

>CA = >= > C AA $ cC (6C %C>A),

AE CC C 19Cc = > A C-

CH C> == =, C> C CAPA>>< =C > >= C ACA A=C = CA A>>A>< => C C A>>=P, C MA>=CN > C A CA H >

CC = =CCH =AH C> C=C

A>>=P A>>EA 30 HA = =A == A>=)

>>< C -

>=H. =CA => = =>AA =CAC== > ACE

= A=. eE= C CA>><

CA : => c, >A A = =

= C H C=. C= > > C

=>C -

CC = >EA CA = =C >

. =C= E=/AC>= C

= = = H >AA-

= C I C H E= CEC =C>

F/ 652 ; 0 0 190 C. / 0 0 0 /0 0 60 +* C@.


6/12

9 0

Di"a

Sheha

+e

ba"

dPe

'e%

Ke

e

''%

#$

e"

h#(&e

i"'e%"a

'i#"a

V#

.36

N#.3

,Se$

'e!

be%

2011T#)a%d&

Aff#%da

bii'+:

Ma*

i!i&i"g

U&e

Va

(e

i"L#)-I

"c#!e

H#(&i"g

C C 65, C A=P

A>>< C > C

>,

C> AE =>A ACE, >A

=>A (e & H 2004).

(?0C80; c>=586A0C8>=

= = C >A=IC>= > A-

C>= E A

= = E > AEH, > = = ACH, =

> > >=CA>. i= = C>A CAC > cA>,

A=C/>=A/A AC = =C =

> >= 21C > = (/ 5).

A>= >>A C C , C =,

C>C + > EC>A > =>C =A ( C=

A)

. AC >>A >=C > C >A= A>>=P = >HP A>>= >>A >=C= C AP A>>= C>C = A=C A>>C= H=-

C CA>H, C CEC CC = C C

AEH = >=CA> A >C = C OCP

> C =. EAC, A>=C =

= > C >, C A-

=C E C A=C = EA C

AC=C C> C AP CA. >=-A CA-

> E C >E C E=C-

C>=/= A>< > C A>>=

C = A>=C (3= C >=C

> = = CECH -

= , H A>>>A >A-

=> = C -E > C = H

=CA>= =>C=CH = > , = =

> >=C= = CAC = =C-

, = A=C H A >= C EA> F%

E = >=CC = .

"AA = E =C C>

= CEC C> = = C CAA A>CE CEC. i= C > = A=C CE-

C C= >==

> C +0/+

@*+ + += + /

+= + 0 0@+@ (H=,

1974:63). A J =C = = =>A = A >= A>>< > A C A=P

(/ 6). = A-

A >C A C CH E =C C

A>E >CA H >


7/12

9 1#$

e"

h#(&e

i"'e%"a

'i#"a

V#

.36

N#.3

,Se$

'e!

be%

2011T#)a%d&

Aff#%da

bii'+:

Ma*

i!i&i"g

U&e

Va

(e

i"L#)-I

"c#!e

H#(&i"g

Di"a

Sheh

a+e

ba"

dPe

'e%

Ke

e

''

C

E H = ==C >= >=CC = C CH

> A=C C> =CH F% C= CA C A-A > => >== >C E=C = A C

>C, >EA = = C>=

C>AH >A A A C > C>

=A A>>A = >=. a=>CA CAC-

H C> A>= C> == =-

A= C A =CH CAH =A=

C E. = H E= A=-

CA = C>= = C A=C CE-

C. A= = > A>CE CEC

=A= >AA H>AC=-

C A EA, C

=>C =H E>= >=CAH => C > =AC =>=CA > =A= C E >

>-

=>A= C=>> A =>C

(aA=CI=, 1989, 1997).

h'e(h%"D(: #*" i -#%Da"

i$e'Face

%?4A01;4 8=>

#=C =C>= > >== (=> = -

>=) = E=CC>=, =, E =

=C. A C =EA F% > >A

=>, AE H -CAH.

h>EA, CA >CA >C=C F% == AC=

>=C>= > C =>, >A

C EAH= C>= >A A= > >= >

E=CC>=, AEH = E. => = >A

CAC > A= eHC A = AC=C A

>C (> =CA-

C>=); EH, EAH, = >A C = >

>> (>,

C >C->>A A>E C OH >= C CACP C

E= C > AE= CC =C >AC= CH = C >=84

B>= = = =C =

, => >= C> C >A >A ACA =

>A > C> => C > >=, C> H H

= A>< =AH (= C), C>

C= =>AH AC>=, AE A=P

H, C> A> =C, A = >= (>),

AEC >C>>A , >A >A CA=>>= C, C..

F/


8/12

9 2

Di"a

Sheha

+e

ba"

dPe

'e%

Ke

e

''%

#$

e"

h#(&e

i"'e%"a

'i#"a

V#

.36

N#.3

,Se$

'e!

be%

2011T#)a%d&

Aff#%da

bii'+:

Ma*

i!i&i"g

U&e

Va

(e

i"L#)-I

"c#!e

H#(&i"g

H E E = AC >AE=.

F>A = (= =>) =>

A C= 4-C>AH >EA>>= CA=

>C (C, CAC, >A >= ) A> E >A > =>C A= = AA= >A C< H = A>< CA =-

>/>=H. A>A, C =H

(/ 8) >= =>A>> CAC, C == A>ACH >A C ACA > = A >A =

AC> CC = == >A

> E =

> =.

('a$Ge'-F'ee $e iGhB%*'h%%D

('ee(: &%e$ia" F%'

a&&'%&'ia i%$

i= > =>C A>< C >C =C> C CAC C. =

AA C CAC A = A>=C > C =

A C=>= > C =. >C= -

CC H C ACH > E < A=C A>=; C >>A H CC >

=E CAC, C >A= CAC CCA= =

= > C>A A, >A C C CC A

>=A > = C A=C > C

A. CEA C A>=, C CAC A=CH CA= C -CA. a C =>A-

A =>A C> A= A = C

>C = C . i= =CA C AC C >

> C CAC

= A>=C > C =, = =CAAC

C>= C> A>AC C . i= >CA

AC>= AA >C H =

>= C CAC. i= eHC >A

= CC= C E C C>= = >> C A >= >C C

CCC= C =-. i=

ACA= >A C A, CH >=CA> C > >= C

>AC>= CH A>AC; CC>> CAAC>A

E>A. = =CH EA E =

=>A>> CAC (/ 9):

F/


9/12

9 3#$

e"

h#(&e

i"'e%"a

'i#"a

V#

.36

N#.3

,Se$

'e!

be%

2011T#)a%d&

Aff#%da

bii'+:

Ma*

i!i&i"g

U&e

Va

(e

i"L#)-I

"c#!e

H#(&i"g

Di"a

Sheh

a+e

ba"

dPe

'e%

Ke

e

''

1 $0 +0 @/

CEC C =C A> > A== =>A. iC CC ACA

A C = > >

C CECH, AH CH >A ACA

F%.

2 $0 + >

=>A , = >A

CA, >A >C=-

C F%.

3 $0 > +. i= eHC = H =CA, A=CA,

>CAH A A

C CAC CA >A . i= C A= -

= => CA= CAC:

>, .

4 $0 + =. EA A-

> C A AC = C CAC >

cA>, C > A>< C >=CAH CC=

A

H. CAC >=

C = =>A>>

CAC. %CA = = = >

=C> = (C >A AH=) >A ACH

= =AC== .

E>= A =>C CC, C OACHP CAC= CAAH CA= =C> O=P

C >A >>A. i= i=>= H

A C ACEH = H AA =

EA C>= >A

> =CAC >H = C =

C CE >>= > C

A>=. > = = C >= C CAC C>A>H C = =. '> > > C C = > C

=.

>E CC= E -E

> C=CE ACAC = C -

CC C< A>< C ==C =-

CAC>= > CA=A =C> C =>A>>, C

>= C >= > C AC C CAC. CA A A=C >A H>= A=

C> H H = >A > E

AH = >C. '=C = >A C >A C>A= CA A=CA, >A

>> = >, = C >C= >A

A= = = >CA >CAH. cAH C

CAC A AC>=.

A A CAAC>ACH, >=-

A, CH, ACH, > =CAC>= = >

F/


10/12

9 4

Di"a

Sheha

+e

ba"

dPe

'e%

Ke

e

''%

#$

e"

h#(&e

i"'e%"a

'i#"a

V#

.36

N#.3

,Se$

'e!

be%

2011T#)a%d&

Aff#%da

bii'+:

Ma*

i!i&i"g

U&e

Va

(e

i"L#)-I

"c#!e

H#(&i"g

>=CA> =E>E C A = C> A.

"%cai%$ a$D $e iGhB%*'(

a >= > C AC

=>A cA>)>=C >C CC > CA C> E = >= >

C A= ACA C> C . aC> EAH =-A>>> >A C>A > AH

A >A C =: C A >ACHA

C> A> =, = = C

=AH, = > >A CC AA

A >A >CA =-

>A, = C >A >= E=CA >=C> C CACA CH = =CAC = H >= A =CA

A>=. CC E= > C =

ACA C A AA=C A>> =H A = =C C> C-

I, C => >CA A>= C C >A > A CC C =>A >

C = = C> >ACH A>E -

H C= A H>= A= >= CA

>A.

a (1997) =>C CC C A= >-

=>E = A

E>= >=>A

A #A a = i=>=, C ECH >

ACE > H > A C> >= C< >-

>=H C> C C A C =C= >A>

> A =CAA

A> > AC A > =>A-

CH. = =>A CA> A

A>=E === AC>=, > = A-

C CC ACA C= >A =>= = A=C A. A>

> AECIC>=

A>C = hC>A cA> (H & #,

2003). i= C A>C, C ACC>= > C A-

C >= C> A=A >A

CA> -AC A>A= CA== = == C >>AC=-

CH C> CAC IA-A =>= C> C C >>

= C H C =CH =C= A>-CA C, C A

=C = CAC = A ==CH E

CA E= >=C>= CA> C CIC>= > A-

CA = H C>,P O>=-A, 3-C>AH-, --P, O-

>= A => >A CC= >=P, >=E C>

> =CAC>= = =>=P.

>E F% A H

E = A>ACH >A C ACA A A>.

a>C= C A> = >= = >

=A C CA A>AC= > C =.

aE= CA A>AC= = =

= = A =H

>= H > >>= C >ACH.#=H > =>AC=C E = E= =

CA> ==>ECE AA==A =. a C A> AA,

>C>= =C = AA >= A =A = C > A>E >A >=. A>>=

== ==A = ACC, E HC = C> A= A>< A- = AC >

C C =>. > A>A

CEH = C=H >.


11/12

9 5#$

e"

h#(&e

i"'e%"a

'i#"a

V#

.36

N#.3

,Se$

'e!

be%

2011T#)a%d&

Aff#%da

bii'+:

Ma*

i!i&i"g

U&e

Va

(e

i"L#)-I

"c#!e

H#(&i"g

Di"a

Sheh

a+e

ba"

dPe

'e%

Ke

e

'''eFe'e$ce(

aBe", c. 1997, A+0+ G*

E+ CAC, . ()

$00 F G/0@: D+, M0/@,

". '>=A, 15 (3), 311-332.

e""e, . 1987, K/>0 $>- '0 ' '/? A

C #= > ca'D%

i=CA=C>= c>=A= >= h>=, DE>= H=, 198-207.

e""e, . 2005, $0 C=, #. = B>A=, i. (.)

$+A, G., >, e., BA=A,., B>==, #., c>AAI, . =

G=, +. (e.) !+, ! #H.

a$e, G. 1974, FA: "=C>= B>>, 105-146.

e'aGe"Di$, h. = hehaeB, D. 1987, #+-+= c>=A= >= *A=

CA = DE>= c>=CA. ">=>=.

hehaeB, D. 1995, ! F


12/12

9 6

Di"a

Sheha

+e

ba"

dPe

'e%

Ke

e

''%

#$

e"

h#(&e

i"'e%"a

'i#"a

V#

.36

N#.3

,Se$

'e!

be%

2011T#)a%d&

Aff#%da

bii'+:

Ma*

i!i&i"g

U&e

Va

(e

i"L#)-I

"c#!e

H#(&i"g

hehaeB, D. C 2004, $0 #+, !@+0/+,

H0 D 0 A H E=,

C, E/@: aA =C 'A = =>>H.

he'iF, $., hehaeB, D. & e"-$acha', e. 2005, $0

A H: $0 C 0 E/@ C. i= ia-

cBe $C>A B>> A: 5, #+ C0/ #

$ H= = B= $C>= 'A c=CA, eHC.

=@H.> *A= 'A *=C

>> > aACCA === = "=

*=EACH > $C >= H=, *.

..CC@=C..

maximizing use value in lowinc housing ohi-libre

Documents