MCB 247 Final Physiology Review

Spring 2012

1. What phase of the cardiac cycle is displayed in this picture?

A. Ventricular systole- first phase: Ventricular contraction pushes AV valves closed but doesn’t create enough pressure to open semilunar valves.

B. Ventricular diastole- early: As ventricles relax; pressure in ventricles drops; blood flows back against cusps of semilunar valves and forces them closed. Blood flows into the relaxed atria.

C. Ventricular systole- second phase: As ventricular pressure rises and exceeds pressure in the arteries, the semilunar valves open and blood is ejected.

D. Ventricular diastole- late: All chambers are relaxed. Ventricles fill passively.

Answer: B

1. What phase of the cardiac cycle is displayed in this picture?

2. What is the pathway of blood through the body?

1. Vena Cava2. Left Ventricle3. Right Atria4. Right AV (tricuspid) valve5. Pulmonary Vavle6. Pulmonary Veins7. Aorta 8. Right Ventricle9. Aortic Valve10. Left Atria11. Pulmonary Arteries12. Left AV (bicuspid) valve

A. 1, 4, 2, 7, 5, 11, 3, 8, 12, 6, 10, 9

B. 4, 5, 1, 8, 6, 10, 7, 12, 2, 9, 3, 11

C. 1, 3, 4, 8, 11, 6, 10, 12, 2, 9, 7

D. 7, 4, 6, 10, 9, 3, 1, 8, 12, 2, 5, 11

2. What is the pathway of blood through the body?

1. Vena Cava2. Left Ventricle3. Right Atria4. Right AV (tricuspid) valve5. Pulmonary Vavle6. Pulmonary Veins7. Aorta 8. Right Ventricle9. Aortic Valve10. Left Atria11. Pulmonary Arteries12. Left AV (bicuspid) valve

A. 1, 4, 2, 7, 5, 11, 3, 8, 12, 6, 10, 9B. 4, 5, 1, 8, 6, 10, 7, 12, 2, 9, 3, 11C. 1, 3, 4, 8, 11, 6, 10, 12, 2, 9, 7D. 7, 4, 6, 10, 9, 3, 1, 8, 12, 2, 5, 11

3. Which of the following is not a characteristic of veins?

A. Generally carry deoxygenated bloodB. Valves are present which provide

unidirectional flow of bloodC. Blood moves under very low pressureD. Are generally thick-walled, highly muscular

3. Which of the following is not a characteristic of veins?

A. Generally carry deoxygenated bloodB. Valves are present which provide

unidirectional flow of bloodC. Blood moves under very low pressureD. Are generally thick-walled, highly muscular

4. Which of the following is common between both lungs?

A. Oblique FissureB. Horizontal FissureC. HilumD. Two of the above

4. Which of the following is common between both lungs?

A. Oblique FissureB. Horizontal FissureC. HilumD. Two of the above

5. What teeth are blade-shaped and useful for clipping or cutting?

A. IncisorsB. PremolarsC. CuspidsD. Molars

5. What teeth are blade-shaped and useful for clipping or cutting?

A. IncisorsB. PremolarsC. CuspidsD. Molars

6. Which is not occurring during the buccal phase of the swallowing process?

A. Begins with the compression of the bolus against the hard palate.

B. Retraction of the tongue forces the bolus into the oropharynx.

C. Elevation of the soft palate, thereby sealing off the nasopharynx.

D. Contraction of pharyngeal muscles forces the bolus through the entrance to the esophagus.

6. Which is not occurring during the buccal phase of the swallowing process?

A. Begins with the compression of the bolus against the hard palate.

B. Retraction of the tongue forces the bolus into the oropharynx.

C. Elevation of the soft palate, thereby sealing off the nasopharynx.

D. Contraction of pharyngeal muscles forces the bolus through the entrance to the esophagus.

7. Which of the following could a colonoscopy be used for?

A. To detect stomach ulcers.B. To determine the cause of acid reflux.C. To visually diagnose polyps in the large

intestine.D. To assess abnormal growths in the

duodenum.

7. Which of the following could a colonoscopy be used for?

A. To detect stomach ulcers.B. To determine the cause of acid reflux.C. To visually diagnose polyps in the large

intestine.D. To assess abnormal growths in the

duodenum.

8. What is vital capacity?

A. The maximum amount of air that you can move into or out of your lungs.

B. The amount of air that you can draw into your lungs after you have completed a quiet respiratory cycle.

C. The total volume of your lungs.D. The amount of air that remains in your lungs

even after a maximal exhalation.

8. What is vital capacity?

A. The maximum amount of air that you can move into or out of your lungs.

B. The amount of air that you can draw into your lungs after you have completed a quiet respiratory cycle.

C. The total volume of your lungs.D. The amount of air that remains in your lungs

even after a maximal exhalation.

9. Which pulmonary volume or capacity is labeled with a *?

A. Functional Residual Capacity

B. Tidal VolumeC. Inspiratory

Reserve VolumeD. Vital Capacity

*

9. Which pulmonary volume or capacity is labeled with a *?

A. Functional Residual Capacity

B. Tidal VolumeC. Inspiratory

Reserve VolumeD. Vital Capacity *

10. Which is not a Characteristic of Peristalsis

A. Organized longitudinal muscle contractions.B. An automatic and process.C. Mixing allows food and digestive enzymes to

maintain a uniform composition.D. Generates smooth forward movement of the

bolus.

10. Which is not a Characteristic of Peristalsis

A. Organized longitudinal muscle contractions.B. An automatic and process.C. Mixing allows food and digestive enzymes to

maintain a uniform composition.D. Generates smooth forward movement of the

bolus.

11. Which is a function of the liver?

• Carbohydrate metabolism (gluconeogeneis, glycogenolysis, glycogenesis).

• Lipid metabolism (cholesterol synthesis, lipogenesis).

• Bile synthesis and secretion.• All of the above.

11. Which is a function of the liver?

• Carbohydrate metabolism (gluconeogeneis, glycogenolysis, glycogenesis).

• Lipid metabolism (cholesterol synthesis, lipogenesis).

• Bile synthesis and secretion.• All of the above.

12. Which is not a function of the kidney?

A. Regulates blood volume and blood pressure.B. Regulates heart rate.C. Assists liver in detoxifying poisons.D. Helps stabilize blood pH.

12. Which is not a function of the kidney?

A. Regulates blood volume and blood pressure.B. Regulates heart rate.C. Assists liver in detoxifying poisons.D. Helps stabilize blood pH.

13. The stomach functions to:

A. Mechanical breakdown of ingested food.B. Disruption of chemical bonds in food through

the action of acid enzymes. C. Production of intrinsic factor.D. All the above.E. Two of the above.

13. The stomach functions in:

A. Mechanical breakdown of ingested food.B. Disruption of chemical bonds in food through

the action of acid enzymes. C. Production of intrinsic factor.D. All the above.E. Two of the above.

14. Where does the absorption of vitamins, minerals begin?

A. The stomach.B. The ileum.C. The duodenum.D. The cecum.

14. Where does the absorption of vitamins, minerals begin?

A. The stomach.B. The ileum.C. The duodenum.D. The cecum.

15. Which of the following antibodies accounts for 80% of all antibodies and is

able to cross the placenta to provide passive immunity to the fetus?

A. IgEB. IgMC. IgDD. IgG

15. Which of the following antibodies accounts for 80% of all antibodies and is

able to cross the placenta to provide passive immunity to the fetus?

A. IgEB. IgMC. IgDD. IgG

16. What cell types does the lymph system not respond to?

A. Glial Cells.B. Bacteria.C. Viruses.D. Cancer cells.

16. What cell types does the lymph system not respond to?

A. Glial Cells.B. Bacteria.C. Viruses.D. Cancer cells.

17. Which T cells are the primary cells involved in the production of cell-mediated immunity?

A. Helper T cells.B. Supresor T cells.C. Cytotoxic T cells.D. Regulatory T cells.

17. Which T cells are the primary cells involved in the production of cell-mediated immunity?

A. Helper T cells.B. Supresor T cells.C. Cytotoxic T cells.D. Regulatory T cells.

18. Which cell type differentiates into plasma cells that secret antibodies?

A. B cells.B. Cytotoxic T cells.C. NK cells.D. Helper T cells.

18. Which cell type differentiates into plasma cells that secret antibodies?

A. B cells.B. Cytotoxic T cells.C. NK cells.D. Helper T cells.

19. Place the parts of the nephron in the correct order.

1. Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)

2. Renal corpuscule3. Collecting duct4. Distal

convoluted tubule (DCT)

5. Nephon loop

A.3, 2, 5, 4, 1B.5, 1, 3, 4, 2C.2, 5, 3, 4, 1D.2, 1, 5, 4, 3

19. Place the parts of the nephron in the correct order.

1. Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)

2. Renal corpuscule3. Collecting duct4. Distal

convoluted tubule (DCT)

5. Nephron loop

A.3, 2, 5, 4, 1B.5, 1, 3, 4, 2C.2, 5, 3, 4, 1D.2, 1, 5, 4, 3

20. In this picture, what do the orange arrows represent?

A. Water reabsorption.

B. Secretion.C. Solute

reabsorption.D. Filtration.

20. In this picture, what do the orange arrows represent?

A. Water reabsorption.

B. Secretion.C. Solute

reabsorption.D. Filtration.

21. Dialysis performs the function of what organ?

A. Kidney.B. Liver.C. Lung.D. Heart.

21. Dialysis performs the function of what organ?

A. Kidney.B. Liver.C. Lung.D. Heart.

22. Which of the following is the third cell type in spermatogenesis?

A. Spermatagonia.B. Spermatazoa.C. Spermatid.D. Secondary Spermatocyte.

22. Which of the following is the third cell type in spermatogenesis?

A. Spermatagonia.B. Spermatazoa.C. Spermatid.D. Secondary Spermatocyte.

23. What is the primary function of the corpus luteum?

A. Estrogen synthesisB. Has no function, just made up of scar tissueC. Progesterone synthesis D. Signals development of oocyte

23. What is the primary function of the corpus luteum?

A. Estrogen synthesisB. Has no function, just made up of scar tissueC. Progesterone synthesis D. Signals development of oocyte

24. Place the parts of the digestive system in the correct order (starting with the mouth).

1. Mouth2. Rectum3. Duodenum4. Cecum5. Descending colon6. Transverse colon7. Jejunum8. Anus9. Pharynx10. Stomach11. Esophagus12. Ileum13. Ascending colon14. Sigmoid colon

A. 1, 4, 2, 6, 5, 11, 9, 14, 7, 12, 8, 13, 3, 10

B. 1, 7, 3, 8, 13, 9, 11, 2, 4, 14, 6, 10, 5, 12

C. 11, 4, 8, 13, 6, 10, 5, 2, 9, 3, 12, 1, 7, 14

D. 1, 9, 11, 10, 3, 7, 12, 4, 13, 6, 5, 14, 2, 8

24. Place the parts of the digestive system in the correct order (starting with the mouth).

1. Mouth2. Rectum3. Duodenum4. Cecum5. Descending colon6. Transverse colon7. Jejunum8. Anus9. Pharynx10. Stomach11. Esophagus12. Ileum13. Ascending colon14. Sigmoid colon

A. 1, 4, 2, 6, 5, 11, 9, 14, 7, 12, 8, 13, 3, 10

B. 1, 7, 3, 8, 13, 9, 11, 2, 4, 14, 6, 10, 5, 12

C. 11, 4, 8, 13, 6, 10, 5, 2, 9, 3, 12, 1, 7, 14

D. 1, 9, 11, 10, 3, 7, 12, 4, 13, 6, 5, 14, 2, 8

25. Place the parts of the digestive system in the correct order (starting with the mouth).

1. Sigmoid flexure2. Cardiac sphincter3. Ileocecal valve4. External anal sphincter5. Hepatic (right colic) flexure6. Internal anal sphincter7. Splenic (left colic) flexure8. Pyloric sphincter

A. 1, 4, 5, 8, 7, 2, 3, 6B. 4, 5, 1, 7, 3, 2, 6, 8C. 2, 8, 3, 5, 7, 1, 6, 4D. 2, 6, 4, 3, 8, 1, 5, 7

25. Place the parts of the digestive system in the correct order (starting with the mouth).

1. Sigmoid flexure2. Cardiac sphincter3. Ileocecal valve4. External anal sphincter5. Hepatic (right colic) flexure6. Internal anal sphincter7. Splenic (left colic) flexure8. Pyloric sphincter

A. 1, 4, 5, 8, 7, 2, 3, 6B. 4, 5, 1, 7, 3, 2, 6, 8C. 2, 8, 3, 5, 7, 1, 6, 4D. 2, 6, 4, 3, 8, 1, 5, 7