mcitp guide to microsoft windows server 2008 server administration (exam #70-646)
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MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Server Administration (Exam #70-646). Chapter 3 Configuring the Windows Server 2008 Environment. Learning Objectives. Use Server Manager and ServerManagerCmd.exe to manage a server Install and remove server roles Configure server hardware - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Server
Administration (Exam #70-646)
Chapter 3
Configuring the Windows Server 2008 Environment
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
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Learning Objectives
• Use Server Manager and ServerManagerCmd.exe to manage a server
• Install and remove server roles
• Configure server hardware
• Configure the operating system
• Understand and configure the Registry
Learning Objectives (cont’d.)
• Use the Security Configuration Wizard to harden a server
• Install and use Windows PowerShell
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Using Server Manager
• Server Manager– Consolidates administrative functions
• Roles Summary feature– Displays log information
• Two panels– Left panel – Roles, Features, Diagnostics,
Configuration, torage– Right panel – Server Summary, Roles Summary,
Features Summary, Resources and Support
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Figure 3-1 Server Manager windowCourtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
Using Server Manager (cont’d.)
• Actions panel– Shown when drilling-down into functions
• Activity 3-1: Getting to Know Server Manager– Objective: Learn how to start and use Server
Manager
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Figure 3-2 Starting Server ManagerCourtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
Installing and Removing Server Roles
• Common roles– File server– Print server
• Roles change over time
• Activity 3-2: Installing and Removing Two Server Roles– Objective: Install and then remove the File Services
and Print Services roles in Windows Server 2008
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Using ServerManagerCmd.exe
• ServerManagerCmd.exe– Command-line tool for managing server roles– Manage features to be added/removed– Run parameters in XML answer file
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Using ServerManagerCmd.exe (cont’d.)
• Activities supported by ServerManagerCmd.exe:– Install and remove roles or features– Determine installed roles and features– Use whatif option– Restart computer– Specify features to install with role– Use XML-based answer file to install or remove roles
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Using ServerManagerCmd.exe (cont’d.)
• Executed from command line– Access Command Prompt window from Administrator
account– Roles and features identified by IDs
• Activity 3-3: Running ServerManagerCmd.exe– Objective: Use the ServerManagerCmd.exe
command to install and query server roles
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Using ServerManagerCmd.exe (cont’d.)
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Table 3-1 ServerManagerCmd.exe options
Using ServerManagerCmd.exe (cont’d.)
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Table 3-2 Major IDs for server roles
Configuring Server Hardware Devices
• Both Plug and Play and Add Hardware Wizard used
• Hardware includes:– Disk drives– Disk controllers– Network adapters– CD/DVD drives– Keyboard– Pointing devices– Monitor
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Plug and Play
• Ability to automatically detect and configure newly installed hardware devices
• PnP must be – Built into device– Enabled in BIOS– Built into operating system kernel
• Almost universally supported
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Using Control Panel and the Add Hardware Wizard
• Use Add Hardware Wizard– Manually launch PnP– Manually install without PnP– Troubleshoot problems with existing hardware
• Start from Control Panel– Control Panel Home vs. Classic View– In Classic View:
• Double-click Add Hardware applet
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Figure 3-4 Selecting the Add Hardware applet to start the Add Hardware WizardCourtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
Using Control Panel and the Add Hardware Wizard (cont’d.)
• Device Manager– Resources include interrupt request (IRQ) line, I/O
address, and reserved memory range– Resource conflicts can occur– Use Device Manager to check for conflicts and
examine properties
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Using Control Panel and the Add Hardware Wizard (cont’d.)
– Other uses:• Verify if installed hardware is working properly
• Update device drivers
• Disable a device
• Uninstall a device
• Configure the settings for a device
– Activity 3-4: Resolving a Resource Conflict• Objective: Use Device Manager to resolve a resource
conflict
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Using Control Panel and the Add Hardware Wizard (cont’d.)
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Figure 3-5 Device ManagerCourtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
Using Control Panel and the Add Hardware Wizard (cont’d.)
• Driver Signing– Digital signature used to verify a driver– Warning when driver device not signed– Unsigned device drivers cannot be loaded in x64
versions
• Using the System File Checker– Scan system files for integrity– Activity 3-5: Manually Running the System File
Checker• Objective: Use the System File Checker to verify
system filesMCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
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Using Control Panel and the Add Hardware Wizard (cont’d.)
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Figure 3-6 Running System File CheckerCourtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
Using Control Panel and the Add Hardware Wizard (cont’d.)
• Using Sigverif to Verify System and Critical Files– Only scans files – Does not overwrite inappropriate files– Activity 3-6: Verifying Critical Files for a Signature
• Objective: Use Sigverif to find unsigned files
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Using Control Panel and the Add Hardware Wizard (cont’d.)
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Figure 3-7 Scanning with SigverifCourtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
Configuring the Operating System
• Configure to:– Optimize performance– Meet specific requirements
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Configuring Performance Options
• Basic areas:– Processor scheduling and memory usage– Virtual memory– Memory for network performance
• Configuring Processor Scheduling and Data Execution Prevention– Background services– Programs – Data Execution Prevention (DEP)
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Configuring Performance Options
– Activity 3-7: Configuring Processor Scheduling and DEP
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Figure 3-9 Configuring Data Execution PreventionCourtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
Configuring Performance Options (cont’d.)
• Configuring Virtual Memory– Virtual memory– Paging– Paging file
• Location
– Activity 3-8: Configuring the Paging File• Objective: Learn where to configure the initial and
maximum size of the paging file
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Configuring Performance Options (cont’d.)
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Figure 3-10 Configuring virtual memoryCourtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
Configuring Performance Options (cont’d.)
• Configuring Direct Memory Access for Hard Disks– Transfer modes: Program Input/Output (PIO) and
Direct Memory Access (DMA)– Activity 3-9: Configuring the DMA Transfer Mode
• Objective: Determine the transfer mode used by a hard drive and set it to DMA, if necessary
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Configuring Environment Variables
• Tell operating system where to find programs, allocate memory, and control programs
• Categories– System environment variables– User environment variables
• Activity 3-10: Configuring System and Environment Variables– Objective: Learn where to configure system and user
environment variables
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Configuring Startup and Recovery
• System startup options:– Default operating system – Display list of operating systems– Display list of recovery options
• System failure options:– Writing to system log (cannot be disabled)– Start automatically after failure– How and where to write debugging information
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Configuring Startup and Recovery (cont’d.)
• Activity 3-11: Configuring Startup and Recovery– Objective: Configure
startup and recovery options
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Figure 3-12 Configuring a system startup optionCourtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
Configuring Power Options
• Select power plan
• Require wakeup password
• Choose power button function– Shut down, do nothing, or hibernate
• Create power plan
• When to turn off display
• Activity 3-12: Configuring Power Options– Objective: Configure the balanced power plan
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Configuring Power Options (cont’d.)
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Figure 3-13 Power Options dialog boxCourtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
Installing a Protocol
• Microsoft Virtual Network Switch Protocol– Used when Hyper-V role installed
• Reliable Multicast Protocol– Used for multimedia transmissions
• Activity 3-13: Installing a Protocol– Objective: Learn to install a protocol
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Installing a Protocol (cont’d.)
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Figure 3-14 Selecting to install a protocolCourtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
Understanding the Windows Server 2008 Registry
• Windows Server 2008 Registry– Database containing information for operating system– Examples of data in Registry
• Registry Editor– Lunched from Start button Run option– Type regedit32 or regedit
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Understanding the Windows Server 2008 Registry (cont’d.)
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Figure 3-15 Registry EditorCourtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
Understanding the Windows Server 2008 Registry (cont’d.)
• Precautions when editing Registry– Establish group of administrators who can access and
modify• Remove this permission from other users
– Edit Registry as last resort– Back up Registry regularly– Never copy Registry from one computer to another
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Registry Contents
• Hierarchical structure– Keys– Subkeys– Entries
• Root keys (subtrees):– HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE– HKEY_CURRENT_USER– HKEY_USERS– HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT– HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG
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HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
• Information on every hardware component in the server
• Subkeys:– BCD00000000, COMPONENTS, HARDWARE, SAM,
SECURITY, SOFTWARE, and SYSTEM
• Hives– Set of subkeys with related information
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HKEY_CURRENT_USER
• Contains information about desktop setup – For account presently logged on to server console
• Example changes:– Environment parameter governing where application
temporary files are stored– Delay in the response of the keyboard
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HKEY_USERS
• Contains profile information for each user who has logged onto the computer
• Each profile listed under root key
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HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
• Holds data to associate file extensions with programs– Used as defaults for all users who log on to Windows
Server 2008
• Can modify for particular user under HKEY_USERS
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HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG
• Information about the current hardware profile
• Only one default hardware profile on most servers
• Activity 3-14: Using the Registry Editor– Objective: Practice using the Registry Editor to view
the Registry contents
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Using the Security Configuration Wizard
• Analyze and configure security settings
• Adjusts security settings to match roles
• Establish security policy using:– GUI interactive wizard– Database– Command-line tool scwcmd
• Activity 3-15: Using SCW to Configure a Security Policy– Objective: Create a new security policy
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Using the Security Configuration Wizard (cont’d.)
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Figure 3-18 Creating a new security policyCourtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
Using the Security Configuration Wizard (cont’d.)
• Activity 3-16: Using scwcmd– Objective: View security policy settings using the
scwcmd command-line command
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Table 3-3 scwcmd command-line options
Windows PowerShell
• Script– File of commands
• cmdlets – Specialized commands for completing common tasks
in PowerShell
• PowerShell tasks
• Installing PowerShell
• Activity 3-17: Using Windows PowerShell– Objective: Use traditional Command Prompt
commands and cmdlets in Windows PowerShell
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Summary
• Server Manager– Tool used to install and remove roles, features, and
other administrative functions– Command line-version of Server Manager
• ServerManagerCmd.exe
• Tune performance by configuring processor scheduling, memory use, and virtual memory
• Configure power options
• Control Panel used to install and uninstall protocols
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Summary (cont’d.)
• Registry database– Holds information for Windows system – Organized by keys, subkeys, and entries
• Security Configuration Wizard analyzes security options for installed roles
• Windows PowerShell– Used to manage server with commands, cmdlets, and
scripts
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