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Measuring and Disrupting Anti-Adblockers Using Differential
Execution AnalysisShitong Zhu*, Xunchao Hu†, Zhiyun Qian*, Zubair Shafiq‡, Heng Yin*
*University of California, Riverside
‡The University of Iowa
†Syracuse University
ShitongZhuetal. 1
What Is Happening?
ShitongZhuetal. 2[1]Adblockingrapidlyescalating,saysresearcherhttps://www.networkworld.com/article/3087339/internet/ad-blocking-rapidly-escalating-says-researcher.html
Web Tracking & Ads
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tracking-fueled/conciseness
[2]16CreepiestTargetedFacebookAdshttp://mashable.com/2014/08/13/facebook-ads-creepy/#kuIr6KVMAaqc
Or Worse, Malvertising
ShitongZhuetal. 4[3]RoughTed:theantiad-blockermalvertiserhttps://blog.malwarebytes.com/cybercrime/2017/05/roughted-the-anti-ad-blocker-malvertiser/
Ad Blockers To The Rescue!
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How Ad blocking Works?
What Does Ads Industry Think/React?
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• Inaword,nothappy…• Considersadblockersaseriousthreattotheirbusinessmodel• Theirmove:deployingAnti-Adblockerthat
• (1)detectsthepresenceofadblocker,• (2)reactstoadblockerby:
• completely/partlyblockingtherealcontent• issuingwarningmessages• silentlyreportingadblockingstatus
What Does Ads Industry Think/React?
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eitherwhitelistingthesite …orsubscribe
Now, Our Turn?
• Alreadyanescalatingarmsrace,withnowinneryet• Goals:
1) wewanttoinvestigatetheongoingarmsrace2) withthisknowledge,wewanttoescalatethisarmsrace
• Ourpriorwork:• IMC’17:coverageofthecurrentanti-adblockfilter-listisNOTgood(only~9%)• PETS‘17:A/Btesting,staticanalysis(onlyforvisibleones/cannotlocaterelevantcode)
• Ourlatestmove:differentialexecutionanalysis
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Our Idea & System
• Keyobservation:awebsiteemployinganti-adblockerwouldhaveadifferentJavaScriptexecutiontraceifitisloadedwithadblocker(positivetrace)ascomparedtowithoutadblocker(negativetrace)• Systemoverview:
Divergencefound:-->anti-adblockerdetected
Divergencefound:-->anti-adblockernotdetected
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①② ③
Differential Execution Analysis? What Is It?
• It’singeneralalong-awaitedprogramanalysistechnique,butcanbesomehowimplementedquitestraightforwardinourcase:
• whatwillappearinourexecutiontracewhenweenableadblocker?
• whatwillappearinourexecutiontracewhenwedisableit?
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How Good Is It?
• Onground-truthdatasets,oursystemachieves• TruePositiverate:86.9%|FalsePositiverate:0%
• Moreinformationbeyondthebinaryresults
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Large-Scale Analysis In The Wild
• Keyfinding:• wedetectedantiad-blockerson30.5%oftheAlexatop-10Kwebsiteswhichis5-52timesmorethanreportedinpriorliterature
• Whysuchabiggap?• rememberthatatypicalanti-adblockerhastwocomponents:1. adblockerdetection2. subsequentreaction(possiblysilent)
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Large-Scale Analysis In The Wild
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Other Findings
• Originsoftopscriptscontaininganti-adblockinglogic:
• Popularityofanti-adblockersbywebsiteranking
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Improving Adblockers
• AvoidingAnti-adblockerswithJavaScriptRewriting
• HidingAdblockerswithAPIHooking(stealthyadblocker)• allAPIcallsusedbypublisherscriptstoexaminethestateofthepage(e.g.,whetheranadisvisible)canbeinterceptedandmodifiedbyabrowserextension
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Future
• Usersshouldhavetherighttomakeachoice
• Alternativebusinessmodels• AcceptableAdsprogram&BetterAdsstandards• Adsprofitre-distribution:Bravebrowser
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Q & A
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• ComplementaryMaterial• https://sites.google.com/view/antiadb-proj