MeasurmentScience 8

Ms. Drake

Brookville Intermediate School

Measurement A way to describe objects and events with

numbers; quantitative description. Standards of measurement needed to be

universal; they need to be agreed upon by people all over the world.

Every measurement has a number and UNIT!!

Rounding Look at the digit to the right of the place

being rounded If digit is 0-4, digit being rounded stays the same If digit is 5 or more, digit begin rounded increases by 1

Look at the digit being rounded to. Then look at the digits to its right. If those digits are to the right of a decimal, they are removed. If they are to the left of a decimal change them to zeros.

International System- SI Metric system Easier to use than the standard English

system System represents multiples of 10; DO

NOT use fractions Some units include: meter, kilogram, liter,

and second

Linear System Length, Width, Height

Tools: Ruler, Meter Stick, Tape Measurer

Unit: METER

Linear System For Solid Regular Objects

Perimeter- distance around the object (meter) Area- length * width (meter squared) Volume- length* width* height (meter cubed) Circumference- distance around a circle (meter)

Volume How much space matter

occupies Tools (liquid): Graduated Cylinder, Beaker, Flask

Unit: LITER

Using a Graduated Cylinder

Water in a graduate has a curved surface called the meniscus. You always read the graduated cylinder at eye level.

Hint: Always check the

unnumbered marks on a graduate to see how many sections there are and what they measure.

Volume of Irregular-Shape Objects We use a method called water

displacement to determine their volume. Displacement is the change in the height of water when a non-regular shape is added.

Put some water in a graduate. Record the volume of the water. This is your initial volume.

Carefully slide the object into the graduated cylinder and record the new volume level. This is your final volume.

Subtract the initial volume from the final volume and you have the volume of the object.

Initial Volume Final Volume

Mass The amount of matter an object has

Tools: Balance, Scale

Unit: GRAM

Use a triple-beam balance to measure an object’s mass.

Time How long it takes an event to happen

Tools: Stop Watch or Clock

Unit: HOURS, MINUTES, SECONDS

Temperature The measure of how hot or cold something is

Tools: Thermometer

Unit: C

H20 freezes at 0 degrees Celsius and boils at 100 degrees Celsius.

Tools of the TradeMeasurement device Dimension of measurement

Beaker Volume

Stopwatch Time

Balance Mass

Graduated cylinder Volume

Meter stick Length, width, height

Thermometer Temperature

Density Density is a comparison of how much

matter there is in a certain amount of space.

People in a square: Which square is more dense?

Now which one is more dense?

What is Density? Density = mass OR mass ÷ volume.

volume

Units for density: g .

cm3

ALWAYS REMEMBER

UNITS!

Let’s try a denisty problem together. . .

Frank has a paper clip. It has a mass of 9 g and a volume of 3 cm3. What is its density?

Frank also has an eraser. It has a mass of 3 g, and a volume of 1cm3. What is its density?

Work on these problems with your table group. . .

Jack has a rock. The rock has a mass of 6 g and a volume of 3 cm3. What is the density of the rock?

Jill has a gel pen. The gel pen has a mass of 8 g and a volume of 2 cm3. What is the density of the rock?

Try these on your own. . . Al’Licia has a watch. It has a mass of 4 g

and a volume of 2 cm3. What is the density of the watch?

Mia has a wallet. It has a mass of 15 g and a volume of 5 cm3. What is the density of the wallet?

Liquid Layers If you pour together liquids that don’t mix

and have different densities, they will form liquid layers.

The liquid with the highest density will be on the bottom.

The liquid with the lowest density will be on the top.

Liquid Layers Which layer has the highest

density? Which layer has the lowest

density? Imagine that the liquids have

the following densities: 10g/cm3. 3g/cm3. 6g/cm3. 5g/cm3.

Which number would go with which layer?

Liquid Layers- Try with your neighbor

Which liquid has the highest density?

Which liquid has the lowest density?

Which liquid has the middle density?

Liquid Layers- Now try on your own!

Imagine that the liquids on the right have the following densities: 15g/cm3 10g/cm3

3g/cm3 9g/cm3

7g/cm3 12g/cm3

Match the colors to the correct densities