mechanical and civil engineering project showcase...

rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Mechanical and Civil Engineering

PROJECT SHOWCASE 2020May 2020 School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Introduction

Professor Deborah Greaves OBE FICE MRINA Head of SchoolProfessor of Ocean EngineeringDirector of COAST

Our SECaM Project Showcase celebrates the excellent project work of our students and the diverse range of research and development projects they undertake. It is an opportunity for the students to showcase their work to external visitors from industry, fellow students and members of the academic staff.The School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics offers our students the opportunity to study for degrees under six main disciplines: Mathematics, Computing, Mechanical and Marine Engineering, Civil and Coastal Engineering, Electrical, Electronic and Robotics Engineering and Navigation and Maritime Science, the latter being the historical focus of education since the Plymouth School of Navigation was founded in 1862. We aim to serve the educational, research and industrial needs of those living and working in the South West and further afield – our graduates are eminently employable and we are proud of their contributions to society.

The final year projects provide an opportunity to integrate degree topics and transferable skills and demonstrate the ability of a student to work on a significant individual project. Many of the projects are interdisciplinary and a fair number are sourced from industry, often as a result of a placement year in a particular industry.

The information presented in this brochure provides a summary of the projects that will be presented through the Showcase 2020 website. While this brochure does not convey the full extent of the students’ activities and achievements, it does provide a means of encapsulating something of their efforts into a permanent record.

So, on behalf of the School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics I extend a particular welcome to our sponsors from industry and to other members of the public – I hope that you enjoy the website and connecting with the students. These projects are only as good as our ability to explain and promote them and whilst we provide our students with a significant number of opportunities to present and explain their work during their degree programmes, the final year project showcase is the ‘pièce de résistance’.

2 MECHANICAL AND CIVIL ENGINEERING

rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Contents

Introduction from the Head of School 2

Projects 5

BEng (Hons) Marine Technology 6

BEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites 8

BEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering 12

BEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering 23

BEng (Hons) Civil Engineering 27

BSc (Hons) Marine and Composites Technology 34

BSc (Hons) Mechanical Design and Manufacture 38

MEng (Hons) Marine Technology 44

MEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites 45

MEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering 46

MEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering 49

MEng (Hons) Civil Engineering 51

Thank You to Our Supporters 55

3MECHANICAL AND CIVIL ENGINEERING

rebmuNegaPdraobpilC


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Projects

BEng (Hons) Marine Technology

BEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites

BEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

BEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering

BEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

BSc (Hons) Marine and Composites Technology

BSc (Hons) Mechanical Design and Manufacture

MEng (Hons) Marine Technology

MEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites

MEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

MEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering

MEng (Hons) Civil Engineering


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Can Hydrofoils Improve Fuel Consumption on a Cruising Vessel?

Alexandros BertiBEng (Hons) Marine Technology

By using hydrofoils, fuel consumption could be lowered, this has both economic and environmental benefits. The scope of this project is to find the best way to use hydrofoils (dimensions, positioning and materials) not only to improve fuel consumption but also to create a smoother sensation for passengers by eliminating the unpleasant effects of waves, since any wave bellow 1.5m will not affect the vessel.

Key Words: Hydrofoils, Fuel Consumption, Seakeeping

Study of Lateral Resistance of Appendages of a CBTF Yacht

Andrea BuzziBEng (Hons) Marine Technology

This Project aims to understand how drag and lateral resistance vary at a different angle of attack of the front rudder of a CBTF Sailing Yacht. The CBTF sailing yacht is equipped with a canting keel, used to create the righting moment, and two rudders, one at the stern and one at the bow of the hull. The front rudder is used to generate lateral resistance and to counter the leeway angle effect. Using VPP and CFD simulations has been possible to study the hydrodynamics of the appendages of the yacht named Junoplano and to obtain the required data.

Key Words: Sailing, CFD, CBTF, Hydrodynamics, Yacht, Marine

Step Placement Optimization for Sport-Fisher Hulls

Mattia CampiBEng (Hons) Marine Technology

This project attempts to optimize the location and sizing of transverse steps along the hull bottom of sport-fishing boats. While modern technologies have been implemented into all other areas of the design, construction and outfitting of the vessels, the physical design of the hull itself has mostly remained the same. Steps are a proven technology on smaller craft however they have not been tested on larger planing boats. The goal is to see if such a design would work in the sport-fisher market.

Key Words: Stepped Hulls, Planing Craft, High-Speed Craft

Hydrodynamic Performance Prediction of Catamaran Planing Hull

Amy ColleyBEng (Hons) Marine Technology

The aim of this report is to look at the hydrodynamic performance prediction of a catamaran hull and compare different methods of calculating the resistance and power requirements. This will be calculated theoretically using an adapted Savitsky method and Sahoo’s method along with software data from Maxsurf Resistance to provide adequate comparisons and reasoning for any possible errors.

Key Words: Catamaran, Hydrodynamic Performance, Resistance, Savitsky, Sahoo, Maxsurf

BEng (Hons) Marine Technology


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Effects of Standing Waves on Motions of a Moored Catamaran

Ian EvisonBEng (Hons) Marine Technology

An experimental project investigating the movement of a moored catamaran alongside a vertical quayside. A scale model was tested under three different wave conditions and in different mooring scenarios. The results from this model testing will not only allow improvements in the design of quaysides, it will also provide vessel masters with information on mooring conditions that would allow the minimal impact to loading operations.

Key Words: Marine, Naval Architecture, Wind Transfer, Catamaran

Testing Rig for Stand-Up Paddleboard Pumps

George Stephen MarcouBEng (Hons) Marine Technology

In this project I will be exploring the fundamental characteristics of the positive displacement hand pump and designing a single piece of machinery to quantify these pump details, while providing an accurate measure of how the pump performs under different conditions; including how efficient is it, the airflow rate achieved by the pump and the total pressure limit. The rig will be designed for easy installation in a laboratory, taking up as little space as possible, and will be very simple to operate due to minimal moving parts.

Key Words: Positive Displacement Pump, Testing Rig, Efficiency

Investigation into Mooring Line Dynamics

Benjamin Scott BEng (Hons) Marine Technology

Investigating the impact floater geometry has upon the dynamic response of the s-shaped mooring line, as used in the WetFeet project. A 1:60 scale mooring line was produced using Froude’s similitude and tested in the Coast Lab’s flume tank. Three different foam floaters were produced with very different surface area to volume ratios. Results were gathered from three load cells positioned along the line, with floater amplitude being recorded on video. MATLAB was used for data processing.

Key Words: S-Shaped Mooring Line, Floater Geometry, Dynamics


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Validation of a Heated Mould Tool for Composite Cure

David AllenbyBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites

Ovens and autoclaves generate waste energy in heating excess space, out-of-autoclave processes could be used to reduce energy use, save space and improve mechanical properties. Heated mould tools require temperature transfer validation to justify the viability of use for different composite cures. This study validates efficiency of thermal transfer through FEA and experimental data, to justify use of such tooling for medium and high temperature cures.

Key Words: Composites, Curing, OOA, FEA, Thermal study, Mould Tools

Application of Carbon and Natural Fibres in Gun Stock

Joseph Harry BanksBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites

This project aims to investigate whether or not the application of carbon and natural fibres is an option worthy of the gun stock market. Through a mathematical approach to the weight-saving and damping solutions that composites can provide, along with an ample test method and comparison of results to simulations, the project will aim to develop the usefulness of carbon and natural fibres in gun stocks.

Key Words: Carbon, Natural Fibres, Weight-Saving, Damping

Life Cycle Assessment of Natural vs Man-Made Fibres

Lawrence Carter BEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites

This project aims to determine the feasibility of replacing glass fibres in Polymer Matrix Composites with bast fibres, specifically nettle, utilising a Life Cycle Assessment to determine the environmental impacts of each alternative. Verifying whether a so-called green composite is in fact a suitable replacement for use as a marine navigational buoy.

Key Words: Composites, Sustainability, LCA, Fibres, Natural

Thermoplastic vs Thermosetting Polymer Matrices of a Composite

Jack CullenBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites

Thermoplastics or thermosetting resins are the majority of the polymers produced today. New variations are often introduced to satisfy the increasing commercial interest in composites. However, there are environmental concerns about how the products will be handled at their end of life. A life cycle assessment has been undertaken, using real data, to assess the relative environmental impacts of using thermoplastic or thermosetting resin as the polymer matrix for a composite.

Key Words: Thermoset, Thermoplastic, PMC, LCA, Polymer, Composite, Sustainable

BEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Adapting Japanese Kaizen in the West

Leonardo DarnellBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites

Kaizen is a Japanese management philosophy. It was developed in Japan from Total Quality Management and is the root culture on which Lean, Toyota Production System and many other frameworks are based. Despite being ubiquitous and widely successful in Japan, Kaizen has never fully recreated such success in Western companies. The aim of this project is to investigate if Kaizen policies and techniques succeed/fail in Western manufacturing plants, and advise on the application of Kaizen in a small composites manufacturing plant. Resulting advice, written in the form of a brief guidance handbook, was examined for viability by a manager currently supervising just such a plant.

Key Words: Kaizen, Toyota, Nissan, Gemba Monozukuri

Infrared Thermography for Detecting Impact Damage in Composite Materials

Peter EvansBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites

The aim of this investigation is to assess the use of Infrared Thermography (IRT) as a tool for evaluating the extent of impact damage in composite materials. Glass fibre plate specimens were manufactured using a resin infusion technique, these were then subjected to impact while being filmed using an IR camera. Post impact the plates were heated up and the cooling was filmed with an IR camera. The plates were then subjected to a flexure test in order to determine the loss of strength.

Key Words: Infrared Thermography, NDT, Composites, RIFT

Medical Application of 3D Printed Implants and Mechanical Properties

Callum HoneyBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites

3D printing has often been described as the new industrial revolution due to its ease and accessibility. I will investigate the potential of this exciting manufacturing method and its utility for the medical industry. As well as looking into the feasibility of it replacing more traditional methods and materials. The report includes designing and printing a human hip implant that will be tested to discover how suitable it could be for the future of orthopaedics.

Key Words: 3D Printing, Design, Manufacture, Mechanical Properties

Standard Test Methods for Interlaminar Shear

Sam JohnsonBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites

A test rig was designed and manufactured suitable for testing interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) in composite samples. The rig was fully compliant with relevant test standards for 3-point (SBM) and 5-point (DBS) testing. The main focus is to ascertain if there is a correlation in ILSS values and whether the laminate has an odd or even number of lamina layers. Test data will be recorded and critically evaluated, with results available in the near future.

Key Words: Composites, Interlaminar Shear, Mechanical Failure


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Analysing and Improving the Structural Stiffness of a Triumph Vitesse

Chris JonesBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites

The Vitesse is a small British sports car, manufactured in the 1960s by Triumph. The aim of the project was to quantify the torsional stiffness of the Vitesse and identify weak points in the structure suitable for targeted improvement. This was achieved using Finite Element Analysis of the vehicle structure modelled in Solidworks. The results were validated through full scale physical testing and the validated virtual models then used to trial improvements suitable for a vehicle intended for road use.

Key Words: CAD, Solidworks, FEA, Experiment, Automotive, Hands On

Heat Treatment of Steel Grain Structure and Mechanical Properties

Euan McCredieBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites

There are multiple heat treatment methods that are used to alter the mechanical properties of steel. For this report I will be investigating the effect of a selection of heat treatment procedures on EN9 steel, testing the mechanical properties in Smeaton’s Mechanical Testing Laboratory and then examining the grain structure using an electron backscatter diffraction microscopy (EBSD) in the Brunel Laboratories. A relationship will then be established between the two to discover how the grain structure effects the mechanical properties.

Key Words: Heat Treatment, Mechanical Properties, EBSD Microscopy

Drying Method on Tensile Properties of Infused Natural Fibre Composites

Jack MoxhamBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites

Moisture content of natural fibres intending to be used as a composite material reinforcement is a controlling factor of the resulting materials mechanical properties. The two main methods of removing moisture is via heat or by holding the fibres under vacuum. This project investigates the impact on the tensile properties of composite material manufactured via Resin Infusion under Flexible Tooling (RIFT) with flax fabric dried via heat or vacuum.

Key Words: Composite, Materials, Natural, Fibres, Drying, Infusion

Creep Formability of Polymethyl Methacrylate Polymers and Composites

George OsborneBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites

Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) is widely used as a resin for composite materials, due to the growing emphasis on environmental sustainability, the maximum usage life of all materials should be aimed for. It is for this reason that the ability of PMMA composites to be creep formed with the aim of providing a way of extending their usage life has been investigated and detailed in this report.

Key Words: Polymethyl Methacrylate, PMMA, Creep Forming


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Evaluation of Wear vs Fibre Orientation of Composite Chainwheel

Daniel RedmayneBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites

Despite the vast use of carbon fibre composites for bicycle components, little success has been achieved with composite drivetrain components. This project aims to evaluate the effect fibre orientation has on the wear rate of a chainwheel, in order to optimise the performance and minimise wear on a composite drivetrain component. A carbon fibre chainwheel was designed and manufactured for testing, using a test rig that simulates the forces exerted on the component under typical operating conditions. The component wear will then be evaluated using an electron microscope.

Key Words: Composites, Mechanical Testing, Electron Microscopy

Optimisation of Multi Gravity Separators

Jack Michael SemmondsBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites

The mining industry is a developing sector and machinery needs to improve with this growth. Material recovery and grade is key for the extraction of minerals. The multi gravity separator provides separation of ultra-fine minerals. Optimising the machine scraper blades by research into design and material selection, allows for increased recovery rate and material grade achievable. This is validated by comparing test results using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy to analyse recovered elements.

Key Words: Material Separation, Efficiency, Recovery, Gravity

Measuring the Surface Quality of Gel-Coat Composites

Tobias William WoodingsBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering with Composites

The marine industry is constantly looking to improve composite hull construction to increase performance while reducing costs. They are achieving this is by improving the surface finish of gel-coat composite materials. This project looks at accurately measuring the gel-coat surface quality and validating various techniques and comparisons with the relevant literature. The study’s results will benefit the marine industry to improve the design and manufacture of more efficient composite structures.

Key Words: Gel-Coat Composites, Surface Finish, Marine Industry


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Heat Treatment on Grain Structure and Mechanical Properties of Medium Carbon Steel

Daniel AbbottBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

Today, steel is a very well researched material, with many papers being written on the subject. This project aims to carry out similar investigations to confirm the validity of these papers. The steel will be subjected to heat treating procedures and mechanical testing to determine properties. The grain structure will also be studied with Electron Microscopy.

Key Words: Steel

Heat Treatment of EN9 Steel on Grain Structure and Mechanical Properties

Mohammed N R H AlajmiBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

The project studies the effect that heat treatment (hardening/tempering) has on the mechanical properties and grain structure of EN 9 Steel. In addition, the laboratory is required to find the results from the use of the furnace, metallography cutting equipment (MCE), mounting press, grinding polishing machine and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Etching has also been applied to the samples for a hardness test. Finally, all the analyses and the information for the project is ready when the processes and tests are fully completed.

Key Words: Furnace, MCE, Mounting Press, Grinding Polishing Machine, EBSD

Improving the Design of Medical Implants through Additive Manufacturing

John Alcantara BEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

This Honours project explores the various design structures and characteristics of medical prosthesis, in particular the femoral stem in a total hip replacement implant and how changing it affects the mechanical properties, biocompatibility and overall comfort and performance. A study of how material choice and the use of carbon nano tubes can significantly change the strength of the component through the use of finite element analysis is presented together with muscle and soft tissue repair and reconstruction rate.

Key Words: Medical Implants, Additive Manufacturing, Engineering, Composites

The Effect of Cooling Rate on Heat Treatment

Abdullah AlqallafBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

Investigation of cooling rates on 7075 aluminium alloy’s mechanical properties, microstructure and efficient ways to hardened this metal. The 7075 aluminium alloy is used widely in aerospace due to its light weight and toughness. The experiment was conducted in Smeaton Laboratory using the furnace at 660oC to melt the 7075-aluminium alloy and then cooing it at 4 different rates. Thermocouples connected to the HOBO program acquire the results. The specimens are mounted and risen into Bakelite, etched and polished for microscopy investigation. Prepare samples for Vickers’s hardness test and SEM for each cooling rate. Finally, heat treatment is conducted to investigate which cooling rate works best.

Key Words: Microstructure, Bakelite, Heat Treatment

BEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

The Effect of Annealing Profile on Recrystallisation of Cold Rolled Steel

Nawaf AlsahliBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

Studying the effect of the annealing profile has on the recrystallisation of cold rolled steel. For this purpose, the EN1A steel from mild steel (low carbon steel) category was selected for studying annealing effects during recrystallization stage. Five specimens were cut from the steel (low carbon steel) in order to study their grain structure at different temperatures after taking them out from the furnace. A mounting press machine was used in this process. Also, grinding and polishing machines were used.

Key Words: Effects, Steel, Furnace, Mounting Press, Grinding, Polishing

Irrigation Equipment to Reduce Water Consumption in Agriculture

Arian BahadoriBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

Designing irrigation equipment to reduce water consumption and analyse the implementation process of this method in the industry. Achieved by comparing the performance of sprinklers installed on central pivots against the performance of newly designed underground sprinklers that are also installed to central pivots. This is done by calculating the amount of water wasted by the original sprinklers against the newly designed sprinkler which is more efficient.

Key Words: Engineering, Mechanical Design, Irrigation System, Efficiency

A CFD Analysis of the Human Aortic Arch

James BallBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

The purpose of this project was to prove that CFD software could model flow in the aortic arch, whilst suggesting areas of high plague. An aortic arch was created with respect to published data. This was then adjusted to have varying fillet diameters around the bifurcations. Pressure was assigned at the inlet, whilst each outlet formed a function of the inlet pressure and aortic impedance. The fluid followed a predicted layer formation, which experienced flow separation around bifurcations. After the bifurcations, the flow then redeveloped normally around the aortic curve.

Key Words: CFD, ANSYS, SolidWorks, Windkessel Effect

Heat Treatment of Ductile Cast Iron

Ali BoabbasBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

The aim of the project is to investigate mechanical properties of ductile cast iron through different types of heat treatments. Mechanical properties are hardness, tensile strength and toughness. Heat treatments such as normalizing and quenching improves properties of the material for production of pipelines and automotive industry: cylinder block, main bearing caps rather than aluminium and grey cast iron. Ductile cast iron is cheap, has high strength giving lower cylinder bore distortion and spheroidal graphite rather than parallel flakes which is weaker and lighter (approx. 10-30% compared to grey iron). Normalizing and quenching of ductile iron provides higher strength, hardness, lower toughness where high static strength components are required.

Key Words: Ductile iron, Heat Treatments, Mechanical Properties


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Getting Warmer – Insulation Upgrade

Karl ByrneBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

The aim of this project is to identify the insulation methods used in cavity walls in domestic buildings, and to discuss the theoretical predictions for upgrading to "full fill" insulation and show that it performs better than just “partial fill”. The new insulation upgrades were selected for their commonalty in the industry and because they were designed for ease of instalment and cost effectiveness.

Key Words: Insulation

Investigation into Climbing Ropes and their Failures

Tara CollierBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

This project investigates dynamic climbing ropes and their failures, comparing the tensile strengths of combinations of new, old, wet and dry. When a rope is wet its strength decreases, this project aims to find out if the rate of decrease is the same with both new and old, decommissioned ropes. It also explores the range in rope knowledge amongst the climbing community, using interviews and surveys to obtain the data.

Key Words: Climbing Rope, Tensile Testing

Engineered Nanomaterials in Composite Biomaterials

Owen CryerBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

This project is a review analysis of the use of engineered nanomaterials in composite biomaterials, summarised in the form of tables and graphs. Bone is a composite biomaterial of main focus for this project and the applications of engineered nanomaterials that are being used with bone, such as medical implants or bone tissue regeneration.

Key Words: Engineered Nanomaterials, Biomaterials, Bone

Mechanical Analysis of a Hydraulic Control Valve

James CunninghamBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

FOX-VPS manufacture hydraulic control valves for use with hydraulic actuators. One model of these valves has an unwanted level of stiction that could be caused by either hydraulic or mechanical factors. The aim of this project is to investigate the mechanical factors that could be causing stiction and determine the effect these factors have on the variance in the cracking pressure of the valve.

Key Words: Control Valve, Hydraulics, Actuator, FOX-VPS


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Streamlining Basis of Dielectric Elastomer Generator

Fouad FahmyBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

As the world is seeking practical alternatives from non-renewable energy sources, the DEG emerged as one of the effective solutions. It has a rubber membrane that consolidates layers of dielectric material that inflate and deflate all through the process. So, it boosts electric charges from low-voltage source to a high-voltage reservoir. That’s how it is utilised as generator. This project is to simplify the concept of DEG and show its significance. A full-size device can generate enough power to about 100 homes.

Key Words: Elasticity, Dielectric Elastomers, Wave Power, Green Energy

Appraisal of Delivery Systems for Paper Products

Bill GuinaneBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

This project aims to investigate the problems with existing product delivery systems, specifically service station napkin dispensers. This will be achieved through analysing their working principles and processes in order to formulate a new solution, or adapt an existing product to try and achieve a 6 Sigma process that complies with UK food hygiene standards. This project will also explore materials and manufacturing processes to keep costs low enough to compete in the current market.

Key Words: System Analysis, Manufacturing, Design, Dispenser, 6 Sigma

Design of a Robotic Rubbish Collecting Sailboat

Thomas HomerBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

The goal of this project is to modify a robotic sailboat to collect rubbish floating on the ocean surface by creating simple, easy to build prototypes that collect rubbish and dump it into a net, trapping it until disposal. Arduino software and hardware are used to gather and display data from the boat’s sensors. The boat sensors track GPS location, heading and wind direction. A small plastic bottle is tested on the rubbish collecting systems to determine how effective each one is.

Key Words: Sailboat, Rubbish Collecting, Prototypes, Arduino

Tribological Properties of SDS Aqueous Dispersion of Graphene Oxide

Coby HuntingtonBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

The tribological properties of graphene oxide dispersed in a water/sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) aqueous solution are examined by way of a friction rig. A critical concentration of graphene oxide has been dispersed into DI water solution with SDS, above that of its CMC, as to analyse the effects graphene oxide at high concentration has on the frictional properties of steel-steel contacts.

Key Words: Tribology, Graphene Oxide, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Low Temperature Diesel Fuel Filtration

Michael JarvisBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

This project proposes an alternative filter design to standard toroidal units using sediment filtration that was developed through computational fluid dynamics and experimental testing of prototype designs. Diesel precipitates paraffin wax at low temperatures that can block fuel filters, pipes and components, preventing the engine from starting in arctic conditions. Several prototypes were tested using a custom test bench with promising results at ambient conditions as a proof of concept.

Key Words: Diesel, Fuel, Filtration, Low Temperature Filtration

Knowledge Management and Impact of Knowledge Loss

Samuel JuppBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

Knowledge is becoming one of the most valuable recourse an organisation can possess. Being able effectively collect, document and communicate the knowledge held by those within the company can allow an organisation to be more successful. Through knowledge management the learning of technical capabilities by new employees can be accelerated and training times can be reduced. However, knowledge loss is often an overlooked management tool for most organisations. This project will look to develop and apply a knowledge management system for an engineering company, with the aim to improve how knowledge is handled and reduce the impact knowledge loss could have.

Key Words: Knowledge Management, Knowledge Loss, Post Project Review, Exit Interviews

Initial Design for a Supersonic Air Intake

Matthew JonesBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

The gas turbine engine, the most commonly seen engine for most large commercial and military planes, cannot function effectively when air is taken in at speeds above Mach 1.6. To achieve efficient flight beyond this speed, air must be slowed down in a specially designed supersonic air intake, utilising an intake consisting of shock compression system and a subsonic diffuser. This project aims to provide a preliminary design for the development of this intake system at Mach 2.5.

Key Words: Intake, Supersonic, Flight, Military, Engine

Modeling, Simulating and Analysing a Vehicle with Dual Clutch Transmission

Elie KassisBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

This project aims to study and analyze the dynamic performance of a vehicle equipped with a dual clutch transmission. This paper will cover the technology and innovation behind this relatively new transmission and how it’s operated within a vehicle. Additionally, it includes a vehicle model with a DCT which has been made through MATLAB/Simulink aiming to be as realistic as possible. The literature, alongside the vehicle model will illustrate the DCT’s benefits to the automotive industry and its advantages over today’s traditional automatic and manual transmissions.

Key Words: DCT, Vehicle Modelling, MATLAB/Simulink/Simscape Driveline, Vehicle Transmission


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Fuzzy Logic and PID Controllers in Half Car Suspension Model

Berke KeskinBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

The automobile industry plays a very vital role in the development of any society and country. A lot of research has been carried out on how to improve vehicle comfort and reliability. Increasing the comfort of the vehicle is the most prime importance task of any vehicle industry. The half car suspension model will have PID and fuzzy logic controllers implemented in order to dampen the system faster which in turn will make the system better.

Key Words: Matlab, PID, Fuzzy Logic, Half Car Suspension Model

Spheroidization of Heat Treatment of Steel

Aditya KulkarniBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

A study of spheroidization process was carried out on Steel SAE 52100 with various heat treatment cycles. The temperatures were 700, 720 and 740°C. The study has recognised that spheroidization involves break-up and coarsening of the cementite and have concentrated on the structural features in cementite plates and in ferrite matrix that are associated with the process. The larger the number of retained cementite particles in austenite the higher the spheroidization ratio of cementite of annealed steel becomes. The structures of the test specimens were observed under electron microscope to understand its grain structure and mechanical properties.

Key Words: Spheroidization, Grain Structure, Optical Microscopy, Carbide Particles

Manufacture of a Self-Landing Rotor Powered VTVL Drone

Zayd LiloulBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

This project revolves around the design and manufacture of a drone that will be able to demonstrate autonomous landing capabilities as a proof of concept. The three parts that are necessary to the completion of the project are the drone frame, components and software. The drone frame will be designed and 3D-printed by the student, while an Arduino Uno microcontroller and several sensors have been provided by the university. The project places an emphasis on producing a viable working prototype of a self-landing drone through a focus on the control algorithm to be used with a limited build budget.

Key Words: Self-Landing, Drone, Arduino, 3D-Printed, Control

Development of an Autonomous Sailing Boat

Xing Chyi LooBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

This project aims to create a system with sensors and actuators to make a sailboat run autonomously. The sensors and actuators will connect to a microcontroller, the microcontroller will identify the inputs from sensors and then manipulate the actuators. The microcontroller will run Arduino software. Some 3D printing is needed to assemble the sensors and actuators to get a good fixing to the sailboat to ensure the electronic components get the best performance possible.

Key Words: Sailboat, Autonomous, Arduino, 3D Print, Sensors, Actuators


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Dielectric Monitoring of Moisture Levels

Rachel LordBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

Materials such as composites are susceptible to absorbing excess moisture which can diminish their structural properties. To monitor these moisture levels, dielectric sensors are utilised within industry. Using a selection of sensors to measure moisture content can produce varying results due to electrode spacing and interrogation frequencies. This project aims to validate which sensors produce reliable results when monitoring the moisture levels of conditioned fibres being dried in a vacuum.

Key Words: Dielectrics, Conditioned Fibres, Moisture, Vacuum

Sensor Design and Control of Autonomous Sailboats

William A ManningBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

The investigation the control processes of autonomous vehicles with a focus on sailing vessels. As autonomous vehicles become more prevalent, there is an increasing need for better understanding of controls systems and their capabilities. Autonomy can help with the accessibility of transport and reduce the time and effort required to operate these vehicles. Understanding the factors influencing wind sensor design and systems design is also integral to this.

Key Words: Sensor, Autonomous, Sailing, Control Systems

Cooling Rates and Mechanical Properties of Aluminium

Haidar A MishaliBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

This study provides outcomes obtained in the investigation of the relationship between the variables of cooling rates and temperature combinations subjected to cast alloy during cooling periods and optimising the desired mechanical properties in aircraft structural components. Metallography study is presented which includes specimen mounting, polishing and etching. This is concluded by microscopy, Vickers’s hardness, and Scanning Electron Microscope analysis representations, discovering amongst few other factors that a gradual incline in cooling rate develops finer grain structure which improves Ultimate Tensile Strength and Low-cycle fatigue.

Key Words: Aluminium Alloy Series 2014, Cooling Rates, Mechanical Properties, Heat Treatment

A SMED Investigation at KPM-UK

Sophie NettingBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

This project aims to determine the current downtime of a CNC lathe at Kawasaki Precision Machinery by analysing the current process, making process improvement recommendations by following Single Minute Exchange of Die and creating a detailed and systematic approach for further investigations. Single Minute Exchange of Die is used to increase productivity and profitability, and it is the intention of Kawasaki Precision Machinery to implement the recommendations made to improve the current process.

Key Words: SMED, Changeover, Set-Up, Profitability


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Improving Crashworthiness of Space Frame Vehicles

Elliot Joseph NunesBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

Low volume production space frame based vehicles along with enthusiast built kit cars generally do not have the same level of occupant safety as modern cars, this is somewhat due to the rudimentary design of the space frame which is not optimised for this purpose by modern standards. This project endeavours to investigate a method of improving the crashworthiness performance of these vehicles by the application of a modern composite reinforcement techniques.

Key Words: Crashworthiness, Composites, Chassis, Frame, Energy

Novel Silver Nano Coatings for Sanitary Plumbing Systems in Hospitals

Madeleine PettipherBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

The aim of this project is to investigate three different groups of substances which are applied onto uPVC discs to look into their bonding strengths. Other objectives in this project include measuring how surface roughness influences bonding strength on Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride and whether silver nanoparticles (NP) mixed with widely used pipe cement affects bonding strength. To obtain data to determine the effects of the aims two different tests are used on uPVC discs.

Key Words: Silver, Nanoparticles, Confocal Microscopy, Pull-Off Test, Pipe Cement

Heat Treatment and Mechanical Properties of Recycled 2000 Series Aluminium Alloys

Jordan Rhys PriceBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

This project will involve recycling via the casting of 2000 series aluminium into billets, followed by heat treatment and then tests of their mechanical properties to determine how recycling has affected these properties. This may also involve further recycling via casting to gain a greater insight into how repeated recycling further degrades mechanical properties of 2000 series aluminium alloys.

Key Words: Aluminium, Alloy, 2000 Series, Mechanical Properties

2-Dimensional Photovoltaic Thermal Collector Simulation and Optimisation

Richard RedmanBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

This project involves creating and optimising a computer programme to simulate a photovoltaic thermal collector (PV/T). The simulation will be able to use the parameters of the panels and weather data to estimate performance quickly. The simulation has been coded in MATLAB and uses a Forward Time Centred Space (FTCS) finite difference method to find the thermal performance of the specified panel.

Key Words: MATLAB, Simulation, FTCS, PV/T, Solar Panel


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Developing Method to Obtain Dentine from Teeth

Aled RowlandsBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

The objective of this project is to research and develop a method of obtaining dentine in 5 mm x 1mm x 1mm blocks from teeth using a low speed saw with a diamond wheel attached to it. The University currently does not have any means to carry out this task, this project aims to rectify this issue and provide a practical solution. Designs will be modelled using solidworks CAD software. The samples to be cut will come from human and bovine teeth so the blocks can then be used for further analysis.

Key Words: Design, Diamond Saw, Teeth, Dentine, CAD

Using CFD to Improve Cooling of Racing Car Brake Assembly

Callum SabanBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

In this project the effects of adding aerodynamic brake ducting to an open wheeled racing car brake system will be analysed by means of a computational fluid dynamics evaluation. The aerodynamic ducting will be designed to increase the heat transfer from the braking assembly to the surrounding air. To ensure that the results are as accurate as possible, basic cases for convection and conduction heat transfer will be performed in CFD and compared to hand calculations. Furthermore, simple models will be made to compare the CFD predicted transitional boundary layer to wind tunnel results.

Key Words: CFD, Brake Assembly, Convective Heat Transfer

Development of Solutions for Improving Home Care

André SeniorBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

A project exploring the use of technology in existing products and incorporating this technology into a home care product that will ultimately improve quality of life. The product being created is designed to be able to track the motion of a bed-ridden patient and can monitor their vitals through a wearable device. By designing wearable technology that can be worn on the wrist, it provides a familiar form factor for the product’s users. By using components of existing technology, it creates a demand to recycle some old and unwanted products leading to a reduction in waste.

Key Words: Innovative, Repurposed, Ergonomic, Sustainable

Sensor Fusion for an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle

Reshman SivaBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

GPS cannot be used to track the position of an AUV underwater since GPS signals cannot penetrate any depth of water. Therefore an alternative solution to track the position of a moving AUV under water is necessary. An IMU comprised of gyrometers and accelerometers can be used together with some understanding of a Kalman filter to achieve sensor fusion of the different independent sensors to provide a more accurate and reliable prediction for the position of the AUV.

Key Words: Sensor-Fusion, IMU, AUV, Kalman Filter


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Autonomous Emergency Braking Systems

Daniel SprostonBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

Investigation of autonomous emergency braking systems using a converted electric wheelchair, ultrasonic sensors and a Raspberry Pi as a microcontroller. Determining issues and safety concerns with these systems and how the use of additional sensors can affect reliability.

Key Words: Autonomy, Automotive Sensors, Robotics, Raspberry Pi

Optimising a Thermal Storage Tank using PCM’s

Alexander StaffordBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

With the current climatic state of the Earth the need for drastic change in global energy production is obvious. Solar energy which can be readily converted to thermal energy via solar collectors is plentiful. However its’ intermittency has deterred its widespread use in low insolation areas. To combat the solar intermittency this project aims to improve the thermal storage capacity of a domestic water tank by implementing phase change materials and geometry optimisation.

Key Words: Phase Change Materials, Solar, Renewable Energy

Nanomaterial Reinforced Coatings and Friction Coefficient

James TomlinsonBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

As a mechanical component progresses through its lifespan the forces imposed on it associated by its purpose can cause wear. This wear can eventually lead to machinery failure and sometimes fatal injury. Prolonging this lifespan not only improves safety but is economical from a business standpoint. Polymer coatings with unique characteristics could be an inexpensive alternative to changing the component material or other alternatives that are not feasible due to their financial implications.

Key Words: Lubricants, Nanomaterials, Friction, Polymer Coating

Investigation into Passive Adjustable Rear Wings for Racing Cars

Edoardo ValsecchiBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

As cars get faster the need to generate downforce to have a better control of the vehicle has become crucial. Spoilers can be used to achieve this aim but their application results in an increase of drag. The amount downforce and drag that a spoiler produces is ruled by its profile, angle of attack and vehicle speed. Some sports car manufacturers use electric engines to change the angle of attack in relationship with the speed. This investigation is aiming to replicate the behaviour of active spoilers using a mechanical device which will allow the spoiler to move in function of the speed. The results obtained from the calculations are validated using CFD.

Key Words: Sports Car, CFD, Spoiler, Lift and Drag Coefficient


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Mechanical Properties of Compression Bandages

Lawrence van Rooy BEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

This project will develop by displaying the mechanical properties of compression bandages by testing and evaluating the findings of different tests used to show the pros and cons of this medical therapy. The results of the tests show that the current format used for this type of bandaging does not meet the industry standard for what is considered medically sound for a client’s recovery. This project should show that improvements can be and must be made for the growth of medical treatment.

Key Words: Compression Bandages, Mechanical Properties

Development of 3D Models to Enhance Teaching of Dental Students – Oral Biofilm

Luke John Costeira WeeksBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

Current teaching for bacterial growth on oral biofilm can be very difficult to understand. This project looks at the design and manufacture of a 3D model to assist the learning of bacteria on the oral biofilm. Using a visual hands-on approach to the oral biofilm allows for easier discovery of early colonizing bacteria, late colonizing bacteria and the adhesins.

Key Words: Streptococcus, Fusobacterium, Fimbriae, Additive Engineering

The Effect of Compression on Intraocular Lenses

Brian WrightBEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering

The aims of this project are to carry out a fair study on several models of intraocular lenses. The study will assess, under a range of compression diameters: The force exerted on the IOL, the degree of decentration of the optic, the degree of tilt of the optic, and the axial displacement of the IOL. In addition, using polarising lenses to assess the distribution of stress over the IOLs in compression and to compare two ISO standard methods of experimentation.

Key Words: IOL, Intraocular Lens Implant, ISO Standards


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Optimal Sand Placement in Beach Re-Nourishment

Kenan Thomas Paul BaskottBEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering

An investigation into the effect that sediment placement location has on the performance of a beach nourishment project. Other objectives include how the placement of sediment affects the profile of the beach over time and how sediment placement affects the breaking of waves. A series of wave tank experiments were carried out utilising three wave profiles on an artificial beach.

Key Words: Beach Nourishment, Beach Regeneration, Coastal Defence

Enhancement of Oscillating Water Column

Rhiannon BettsBEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering

Oscillating water columns (OWC) extract renewable energy from the change in air pressure within an OWC due to wave oscillations. This study investigates the efficiency of OWC’s and how geometric modifications can enhance their performance. An OWC model was tested using regular and irregular unidirectional waves, the experiment was repeated with the addition of converging cone structures. The data gained was analysed and the results indicate an overall improvement in the efficiency of the OWC.

Key Words: OWC, Geometric Modifications, Renewable Energy

Historic Tide Mill to Hydropower Production System

Harry CaleBEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering

Can small scale micro hydropower production systems play a part in reducing our need for unsustainable fuels? Of the eight flour producing tide mills that used to operate in and around Plymouth only one remains reasonably intact, Antony Passage tide mill still boasts a 20,000m2 mill pond along with disused sluice channels running through the building. It is the good condition of the mill and its features that makes it attractive regarding its conversion into a tidal power production system.

Key Words: Hydropower, Micro, Energy, Renewable, Tidal, Turbine

Optimal Planting Strategies of Coastal Forests as Coastal Defence

Abigail Cayton-SmithBEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering

Effective coastal defence is becoming increasingly imperative as climate change is causing increased stormy weather globally. Vulnerable coastal communities in developing countries often do not have the resources or funding for hard engineering solutions and therefore must utilize readily available natural resources for a soft engineering approach. This project investigates optimal planting strategies of coastal forests using a physical model in a wave flume and analysing wave run-up dissipation.

Key Words: Coastal Vegetation, Soft Engineering, Coastal Defence

BEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Salts Impact on Compressive Performance of Mesh-Fibre Concrete

Peter ChantrellBEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering

Use of fibre reinforcement in concrete to enhance strength properties is nothing new, with use of additions such as asbestos is a prime example of the possible benefits. This project considers use of fibre reinforcement in the form of a fixed mesh, as opposed to the traditional use of randomly distributed fibres. With the geographical position of the UK and its relation to the sea, an investigation on the impact of salt as a resource on the strength of concrete is also to be undertaken as a key component of the study through inclusion of saltwater and marine derived sand.

Key Words: Concrete, Fibre Reinforcement, Compressive Strength Testing, Saltwater vs Freshwater

The Use of Floating Breakwaters as Coastal Defence

Joshua DanielsBEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering

By looking at how a floating pontoon reacts to different wave lengths, periods and frequency of waves, this project aims to assess how viable they would be when employed as a coastal defence. Specifically covered are breakwaters that work using reflection. While typically used in calmer waters if proved effective at attenuating waves on a larger scale they could be deployed as a more versatile solution to aid coastal stability than fixed breakwater designs.

Key Words: Floating Breakwater, Coastal Defence

Oscillating Water Columns in Breakwaters

Fleur Elliott-DaviesBEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering

Renewable energy is becoming ever more essential to the UK electricity supply. A potential supply of such power comes from oscillating water columns (OWCs), in particular OWCs integrated into breakwaters. This project investigates how varying the dimensions of a U-OWC affects power output and wave reflection for a range of regular and irregular waves. The results will conclude what dimensions give the best power output over the frequency range also considering the effect on wave reflection.

Key Words: Oscillating Water Column, Breakwater, Power Supply

How Coastal Morphology of a Beach Affects Dissipation Rate of Waves

Abigail FilbyBEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering

An idea has been proposed to attempt to understand whether the morphology of a beach affects the dissipation rate of the waves. To facilitate the aim of this project, the following objectives must be achieved. 1) Complete a sieve and void ratio test to make sure the sand that is used in the experiment is representative of the real-life situation that is being modelled. 2) Carry out a Flume test to see how beach morphology does affect the dissipation rate. 3) Analyse the experiment and suggest possible methods of how this can be reproduced in a real-life situation to reduce erosion.

Key Words: Dissipation, Beach Morphology, Irregular Waves, Flume Tank, Sediment


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Transport Links between Sandbanks and Studland

Kirsten GlenBEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering

A study looking at the emissions (specifically CO2) generated by different means of getting from the Sandbanks Peninsula (in Poole, Dorset) to Studland village on the Isle of Purbeck. The methods of travel looked at in detail are the Sandbanks Chain Ferry and its associated queuing traffic during the summer months, driving the long way around Poole Harbour via Holes Bay, and the idea of constructing and operating an underwater tunnel beneath the harbour entrance to replace the ferry route.

Key Words: Tunnels, Emissions, Alternative Transport Links

Performance of Beaches as Coastal Defence

Lam HangBEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering

The main objective of this project is to evaluate the performance of beaches as a natural coastal defence. This project will concentrate on assessing waves from different conditions, thus a comparison between waves approaching from the west and south-east is made. The goal is to identify whether the south-eastern beaches respond more to the waves than the western facing through analysing beach morphology. A key feature is to focus on beach rotation over the past decade, specifically whether the sediment is transporting elsewhere or maintaining its shape through a sloshing motion.

Key Words: Beach, Defence, Rotation, Sediment, Wave, Transect

Study of the Wake Downstream of a Scale Model Turbine

George MustoeBEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering

The government recognises the potential of renewable energy, with the UK currently at the forefront in harnessing tidal power. Gravity base turbines are used due to their ease of installation and high efficiency, however, the gravity base has been hypothesised to cause a large disturbance downstream to due to its vast size. By positioning the gravity base turbines to minimise disruption downstream the power extraction is optimised. A scale model was built, and the hydrodynamics and performance were mapped to analyse the wake caused by the superstructure.

Key Words: Wake, Scale Model, Renewable Energy, Hydrodynamics

Rip Currents within Groyne Bays

Richard W J ParnhamBEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering

A study of the effects that groynes have in producing rip currents on beaches, the implications of their generation and an attempt to derive a coefficient to describe the volume of water exiting the bay through the rip current proportional to the total amount entering. The overall aim of this project is to improve the understanding of the relationship between groynes and rip currents so that coastal defences can be designed in a more efficient, safer and reliable way.

Key Words: Groynes, Rip Currents, Defences


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

How Overtopping Varies with Bi-Modal Wave Spectra

Alexander Lewis ParsonsBEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering

HR Wallingford have been looking into bi-modal sea states and how they affect overtopping. I wanted to look at how changing the percentage difference of where the wave energy is coming from in an energy conserved bi-modal wave spectra, so keeping the overall wave energy the same but just changing the percentage of wave energy coming from lower frequency waves as well as higher frequency waves and how this change affects the level of overtopping collected on a vertical seawall.

Key Words: Overtopping, Bimodal Spectra, Energy Conserved

Vortex Induced Vibrations in Uncapped Monopiles

Cameron SpringettBEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering

Monopiles are a key component in the construction of structures in or above a watercourse. They can be used for permanent works in wind turbines or jetties, but feature commonly in temporary works too, for example temporary staging platforms aiding construction projects in a watercourse. The project aims to identify the combination of current velocities and pile spacings which create the most severe Vortices Induced Vibrations (VIV) conditions and therefore the most deflection or fatigue damage.

Key Words: Vortex Induced Vibrations, Eddies, Oscillation

Integrating Offshore Breakwaters with Wave Energy Converters

Piers ThomsonBEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering

In June 2019 the UK passed the net zero emissions law with the target to bring all greenhouse gas emissions to zero by 2050, this has driven a new demand for sustainable energy generation. This project investigates the performance of a fixed U-shaped oscillating water column wave energy converter that can be installed into an offshore breakwater. A scaled model was tested over a range of water levels to simulate the effect of the tides with an aim to optimise the geometric design.

Key Words: Wave Energy Converter, Oscillating Water Column, Offshore Breakwater

Overtopping of Sea Walls

Thomas YatesBEng (Hons) Civil and Coastal Engineering

To ensure the effective management of coastal defences it is important to understand the future flood risk from the overtopping of coastal defence structures such as breakwaters and sea walls. This report examines the performance of sea walls under different wave conditions. The results from laboratory experiments conducted at the University of Plymouth, testing five different models, are discussed and the overtopping volumes compared to Van der Meer formulae. Collecting and comparing this data allows a greater understanding of overtopping variables in the design of sea walls.

Key Words: Overtopping, Sea Walls, Waves, Coastal Defences


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Drained and Undrained Soil Strength

Abrar AbdullahBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

An analysis of the bearing capacity for long and short-term clay was taken to determine the stability and safety of a structure. It is initiated by the assumption of the shear strength depending on the classification of soil. This investigation includes a number of fundamental equations, formulas and consequent charts that showcase the shear strength and shear stress that a soil can sustain in the design of foundations, both deep and shallow, retaining walls and slope stability. Both drained and undrained cases of clay have been included with the consideration of the coefficient of consolidation and level of permeability.

Key Words: Structure Stability, Shear Strength, Soil, Drained, Undrained

Potential for Energy Generation in Developing Country – Jordan

Farah AbouramyahBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

The project plan of this work is to help Jordan to reduce oil dependency for power generation by proposing CSP. The aim is to analyse solar energy plants on cost and technology feasibility to meet the energy needs of Jordan. The objectives are to evaluate and review different clean energy systems for Jordan in terms of potential, capacity, costs, efficiency, infrastructure requirement and environmental aspects of solar energy plants.

Key Words: CSP: Concentrating Solar Plants

Incinerator Bottom Ash and Freeze Thaw Performance

Ibtasam AhmadBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

This project aim is to investigate the impact recycled IBA aggregate has on the freeze/thaw performance of concrete when compared to a ‘standard’ concrete mix. This is relevant due to the lack of standardised test methods for freeze/thaw performance both in Network Rail’s standard and in BS EN 13230. 20 cycles of freeze/thaw were completed. Due to the lack of standardised test methods in specifications, a method in which to quantitatively analyse the results of the freeze/thaw test was also created. This involved washing the moulds and collecting the debris which was then oven dried and weighed.

Key Words: Concrete, Incinerator Bottom Ash, Freeze/Thaw Performance

Review of Construction Cost Estimation in Kuwait

Mohammad AlaadwanyBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

This project investigates the cost estimation methods used in Kuwait’s construction industry by looking into comparisons between manual and software-based technologies and how successful the building information modelling (BIM) cost estimation program has been in Kuwait. Current trends for methods of cost estimation is discussed, including computer-based modelling programs such BIM. Cost estimation of construction in Kuwait has also been looked into. Delays in construction projects caused by unavailability of quality materials have been highlighted. Despite Kuwait adopting more advanced building technology, it has been deduced that the use of technology-based estimation has not been effectively adopted due to lack of skills.

Key Words: Construction, Cost Estimation, BIM

BEng (Hons) Civil Engineering


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Construction Risk Management Strategies in Kuwait

Ahmad AlmutairiBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

The main project objective is to analyse construction risk management strategies used in Kuwait. Interviews and questionnaires were used in data collection from professionals in the construction sector. Collected data was analysed via calculation of the Relative Importance Index (RII) for each risk factor. Design and cultural risk factors had the highest and lowest average RII respectively. An efficient risk management strategy has many financial benefits including reduced construction costs. Some recommendations were suggested to attain better results.

Key Words: Risk Factor, Relative Importance Index, Design Factor

Partially Replacing Sand in Concrete with PET

Jasmine L AzziBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

Sand is one of the most extracted materials on the planet and consequently with growing demand for the material the need is exceeding the supply. The countries facing the most shortages are in South East Asia, a part of the world where there is an abundance of plastic. With this in mind, a possible more sustainable solution to reduce plastic waste as well as save sand globally is to use it in the concrete structures that shape the planet. Naturally this solution would only be possible if the strength of the concrete is the same strength as the concrete used as standard.

Key Words: Sand, Concrete, Plastic

The Use of Carbon Fibre Mesh in Reinforced Concrete

Edward BaczynskiBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

The use of carbon fibre mesh as an alternative to steel reinforcement in concrete is examined. Carbon fibre exhibits high tensile strength with an excellent strength-to-weight ratio. The carbon fibre will be bonded to the concrete using a combination of epoxy and sand. Three sets of beam samples with differing layers and areas of reinforcement will be tested under four-point bending to analyse the flexural behaviour of the beams.

Key Words: Carbon Fibre Mesh, Flexural Beams, CFRP, Concrete

Numerical Modelling of Steel Truss under High Temperatures

Khaled BadawyBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

Utilizing LUSAS finite element software enabled this analysis study of the effect of elevated temperatures on the behaviour of steel truss. Grasping experimental data from LUSAS analysis presenting not only the critical temperature but also the critical load and the failure mode. The reduction of material properties such as Young’s modulus and yield stress with temperature was discussed.

Key Words: Steel Truss, LUSAS, High Temperatures


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Investigating Extreme Loading on a Suspension Bridge

Joseph Baverstock BEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

Using LUSAS bridge modeller, Finite Element Modelling software and the Tamar Bridge as a Case Study. Various traffic loading scenarios have been applied to this long-span Suspension Bridge to investigate the mechanical behaviour of the structure and materials. The numerical model has been validated by comparing the results to the monitoring data which were professionally conducted on the Tamar previously. Based on the FE Analysis, the maximum load capacity of the Bridge, subjected to extreme vehicle load only were obtained before the structure reaches its yielding limit.

Key Words: Finite Element Modelling, Loading, Tamar Suspension Bridge

Urban Drainage Design

Scott BiddleBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

My project is about how tree planters and pits can be used in the drainage and storage of stormwater in an urban environment. This can include replacing gullies with a tree pit that will then collect stormwater that falls on an impermeable surface, store it and allow it to infiltrate into the ground. This system can reduce the total volume of stormwater in the drainage system, decrease the peak outflow and increase the time between a storm and the peak discharge.

Key Words: SUDS, Sustainable, Drainage, Flooding, Greening

Slope Stability

Zainab BushahriBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

There are various alternative methods of slope stability develop the factor around safety considerably. The essential areas of this study are the determination of the geotechnical constraints. The effects of the reinforcement applied on the solutions were obtained based on the numerical analysis. This study proves that there are possible unconventional methods for slope stability enhancement and they can be successfully enforced on physical landfills.

Key Words: Active Wedge, Passive Wedge, Slope, Two Part Wedge

Design of Reinforced Concrete Beams for Elevated Temperatures

Joseph DevlinBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

With an increasing eclectic populace amidst a decreasing expanse of building locations, mass high rise building structures are emerging to satiate the balance between need and paucity of ground space. Respectively, fire protection measures regarding structures and structural elements are of paramount importance in not only securing inhabitants’ safety but the longevity of such buildings. As such, an analysis of structural elements will be conducted in order to ensure their validity in withstanding elevated temperatures and what measures can be taken to ensure the protection of the building.

Key Words: Elevated Temperatures, Concrete Beam Design


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Cost Analysis of Extracting Water from a Near-Earth Asteroid

James Dudman BEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

Space is becoming increasingly accessible, enabling the exploration and exploitation of resources on near-Earth asteroids (NEAs). Water is an important resource and has multiple uses; radiation shielding, propellent and as a potable water supply which can allow deeper space missions. This study will be looking at the cost of extracting water from NEAs using current and near future technologies and to provide scenarios when the venture becomes profitable for use in the emerging space industry.

Key Words: Space Exploration, Cost Analysis, Future

Effect of Graphene Oxide on the Porosity of Cement Mortar

Andrew FinniganBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

Graphene Oxide (GO) has recently become of great interest to researchers as an additive to cement mixes. The aim of this project is to determine the effect GO has on the porosity of a cement mortar, and therefore to determine if GO is an appropriate additive for low porosity mixes. To investigate this, samples of cement mortar of varying GO percentages underwent a Chloride Migration test to check permeability and a Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry test to investigate pore structure. The results from these tests were then compared to provide insight into the effectiveness of GO on porosity.

Key Words: Graphene Oxide, Mortar, Porosimetry, Porosity

Permeability of Graphene Oxide Cement Mortar

Ashley FitzhughBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

This project investigates the effect of incorporating Graphene Oxide (GO) into a cement mortar matrix and the effect on permeability properties compared to a control sample. Rapid Chloride Migration tests have been undertaken to establish the non-steady-state migration coefficient of four samples of GO reinforced cement mortar, with 0%, 0.5%, 1% and 2% GO by cement weight. It is expected that with an increase of GO there will be a decrease in chloride penetration and hence a reduced permeability.

Key Words: Permeability, Graphene Oxide, Durability

Building Damage vs Mortality after an Earthquake

Arjan Jandu BEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

The aim of this project is to see how the severity of building damage has on mortality rate after an earthquake. To do so this study will analyse the severity of building damage and death tolls, as well as analysing the building codes in the locations of the worst earthquakes in several locations around the globe. Findings from research show that the building codes used have a correlation with the severity of building damage and mortality. For example, Japan has the worst earthquakes, yet its death toll tends to be low, compared to somewhere like Chile. This is solely down to the better building codes used in Japan.

Key Words: Building Damage, Mortality, Earthquake, Building Codes


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Loading on Lateral Torsional Buckling of Steel T-Section Beams

Charlie JohnsonBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

Theory around steel T-sections state that the critical loads when applied to the section are the same regardless of direction, this project assesses the position of loading and how it affects the buckling and lateral torsional stresses experienced by a steel T-Section using finite element analysis (FEA) in the form of LUSAS to electronically model and analyse the effects on the T-section when the position of the load is moved about the beam.

Key Words: Finite Element Analysis, Analysis

Tsunami Risk to Western Europe

Jack KennettBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

This study aims to look at the risk imposed on Western Europe by the threat of tsunamis. It discusses past events that have affected the region and the damage tsunamis have wrought. Modelling was then carried out, replicating with varying magnitude, the conditions from the largest event in Europe’s recorded history. This data was used to look at the possible wave fronts that could reach picked locations and the damage that could be expected from them.

Key Words: Tsunami, Modelling, Europe, Risk

Chloride Migration Coefficient in Lab-Made Mortar

Derrin Kiernan BEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

Mortar cast and cured in the university lab is tested using a Rapid Chloride Migration (RCM) test according to NT BUILD-92. The concentration of the catholyte solution made up of sodium chloride and water is varied from 5%-30% across several tests. Specimens are split and a colorimetric indicator is applied to measure chloride penetration depth. This is used to determine a chloride migration coefficient which represents a measure of the resistance of the tested material to chloride penetration.

Key Words: Sodium Chloride, Mortar, RCM, Migration

Use of SUDS to Reduce Run-Off

Joshua Stuart Langton BEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

Whilst on a highways scheme for my placement year, I noticed first-hand the use of hard engineering solutions such as oversized pipes and culverts; this made me question whether sustainable urban drainage systems had been considered and whether they were feasible. The aim of this project is to discuss and model different sustainable options that could be put into place at design stage and later. These options are for several reasons, such as lowering flood risk, reducing CSO’s and pollution.

Key Words: SUDS, Drainage, Masterdrain, Modelling


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Procurement Models for Effective Management of Sub Contraction

Dennias MuswereBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

The purpose of this project is to compare and contrast the different models used in procurement and offer results-based research on the most effective method based on cost analysis, risk management, project completion times, sustainability and client satisfaction. This project is focused on comparing the four most common methods used in the UK which are traditional, design and build, management contracting and contraction management.

Key Words: Procurement, Management Contracting, Contraction Management

Optimising Water Butt Draw-Down for Storm Water Management

Robbie ParnhamBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

This study will look in to how rain water can be harvested in an urban environment. The project will also look at how to optimise the draw-down from a water butt, focusing on height of orifice, area of butt under different conditions where rainfall and catchment areas are varied. An excel model of various scenarios has been created and how this harvesting of rainfall can help reduce flooding in urban environments.

Key Words: Flooding, Water Butt, SUDS

Concrete Characteristics with Recycled Aggregates

Mark PriceBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

Studying the effects of concrete made with varying amounts of recycled concrete aggregates (RCA). It looked at compressive and tensile strength and the concrete structure under SEM. Five batches were made, one with no RCA and four with. 25% of the new aggregate was replaced with RCA, then 50%, 75% and 100% for each concrete batch. No other materials were changed from the reference mix quantities. SEM was used to look at how the concrete behaved before and after compression testing.

Key Words: Concrete, Recycled, Aggregates, Tensile, Strength

The Effect of PET on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete

Laura QuinnBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

The extraction of sand is the world’s largest mining operation with it taking up around 85% of mineral extraction. It has also been recorded that since the 1950s around 8.3 billion tonnes of plastics have been produced worldwide. One way to combat these two environmentally harmful issues is to partially replace the fine aggregate in concrete with plastic. The focus of this study is to test the compressive, tensile and impact strength of the concrete to reduce the gaps that remain in literature.

Key Words: Concrete, Polyethylene Terephthalate, Mechanical Properties


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Investigating Gravity Retaining Wall Design

Alex TroutBEng (Hons) Civil Engineering

This project investigates the level of influence a range of soil and geometric properties have on the effectiveness of a gravity retaining wall. Spreadsheet analysis has been undertaken in accordance with Eurocode 7 and found that by altering the angle of shearing resistance in combination with the angle of soil above the wall, the greatest effect on the soil coefficients is observed. Whilst sliding and bearing resistances are shown to be affected most by the angle of inclination of the wall.

Key Words: Gravity Retaining Wall, Soil Properties, Geometry


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Performance of 3D Printed Hydrofoils

George Barton BSc (Hons) Marine and Composites Technology

With the world’s demand for faster and more efficient vessels, hydrofoils are pathing the future of marine transport. Research being key to a reliable and safe hydrofoiling system, 3D printing can be vital to this industry for its rapid prototyping. The project is aimed to test what is possible from scale-model 3D printed hydrofoils, to cut research costs and allow for innovation. Using 3D printed load cells, the forces on the model can be tested accurately and compared to CFD simulations.

Key Words: 3D Printing, Hydrofoil, Onyx, Carbon Fibre, CFD

The Effect of Cavitation Flow Around a Hydrofoil

Joshua Ryan BerryBSc (Hons) Marine and Composites Technology

Cavitation is a phenomenon that plays a major role in surface sea-going vessel design and operation (Huang et al., 2010). The need to consistently analyse each component as more surface sea-going vessel technology is advanced will be ageing. Furthermore, the advancement of computational power has allowed for increasingly accurate simulations, such that a phenomenon like this can determine the characteristics of various components that could potentially see this in a real-world application.

Key Words: Hydrofoil, Cavitation, 2D Simulation

NACRA 17 Hydrofoil Performance

Edward BlowersBSc (Hons) Marine and Composites Technology

NACRA 17 hydrofoil performance is a complex task of increasing overall boat speed under sail power. Investigating the settings of foil options such as board rake, height and twist will enable particular foiling abilities, whilst in some cases drag can be heavily restrictive and will need to be considered. The drag experienced on the hydrofoil at the time can be considered proportional to the speed at which the boat performs to. It is extremely advantageous to correctly set up a hydrofoil in terms of speed characteristics and overall performance.

Key Words: Lift, Drag, Hydrofoil, Settings, Rake, Height, Twist

Graphene Reinforced Adhesive Composite-Metal Joining

Theofilos ChatziplisBSc (Hons) Marine and Composites Technology

The aim of this project is to examine the effect of adding graphene nanoplatelets to adhesives used to join composites and metals. Graphene nanoplatelets are stacks of graphene sheets in a two dimensional nano particulate format and their properties are lower than those of a single-layer graphene. Different adhesives have been created with different percentages of added graphene, varying from 0% up to 3%. Pre-preg carbon has been bonded with marine grade stainless steel. The results of the different bonds have been assessed.

Key Words: Graphene, Composite-Metal Joining, Adhesive

BSc (Hons) Marine and Composites Technology


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

How Does Ageing Affect Dyneema Fibres to Withstand Statical Loading?

James CoomberBSc (Hons) Marine and Composites Technology

Over the past 20 years, Dyneema(R), has slowly replaced nylon as the primary material used to make soft climbing equipment such as slings, harness reinforcements and camming device cords. It is the aim of this project to investigate any specific weaknesses that ageing slings have when compared to new slings. In addition, a brief investigation into how ageing affects the structure of the Dyneema fibre will be undertaken, as well as some optical inspection, to establish failure modes and to offer insights why any observed differences might be occurring.

Key Words: Dyneema

Hull Optimisation

Samuel DeanBSc (Hons) Marine and Composites Technology

This project will cover the principle of hull optimisation through the evaluation and adaptation of a baseline case vessel. The aims will be to explore and analyse a range of design feature alterations to methodically discover the very best ways of reducing the resistance on the hull form and to deliver an optimised design solution with respect to the original vessel.

Key Words: Optimisation, Efficiency, Hull Design, Resistance

Vessel Tank Design, Free Surface and Vessel Stability

Ross FugeBSc (Hons) Marine and Composites Technology

Tank sizes on ships are growing to minimise wasted space and maximise carrying capacity. This can significantly affect vessel stability and ship design. This research investigates whether spherical tanks are more stable than a traditional square tank across a range of free surface areas. A wave machine has been used to test free surface tanks within a model vessel. Initial results are indicating that spherical tanks improve a vessel’s stability when free surface sloshing is present.

Key Words: Vessel Stability, Free Surface, Tank Sloshing, Tank Design

Investigation into Effects of Obsolescence in the Marine Industry

Alistair HamBSc (Hons) Marine and Composites Technology

The Definition of Obsolescence: The transition from availability from the original manufacturer to unavailability. Managing ageing equipment is a serious issue in manufacturing for military applications, usually characterised by long lead times, complex requirements for regulatory compliance and equipment that is expected to last for decades. This Project is designed to identify how the lack of equipment availability affects naval platforms in service and what measures can be put in place to minimise disruption to maintenance programmes.

Key Words: Obsolescence, Equipment, MoD, Complex, Support, End of Life


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Time Integration Approach for Measuring Composite Creep

Achilleas KaragiannidisBSc (Hons) Marine and Composites Technology

Composites tend to exhibit time dependent behaviour. The stresses and loads are applied constantly on the materials which leads to them deforming continuously and eventually failing. This project will aim to develop an understanding of the effect of creep on composite beams. Moreover, conclusions will be drawn on how the direction of fibres provides resistance against this type of stress.

Key Words: Creep, Composites, Fibre Direction, Manufacturing

Potential Benefits of Converting from Resin Infusion to Sprint

George PollardBSc (Hons) Marine and Composites Technology

With the advance in composite manufacturing processes there has been a race to convert existing production lines and launch new lines utilising this technology. Marine companies such as Princess Yachts and Sunseeker have recently branched out into the world of Pre-preg Carbon Fibre with their R35 and Hawk38 models. In collaboration with Princess Yachts this project studies the performance and cost implementations of producing a component that is currently manufactured using Resin Infusion and converting it to Sprint.

Key Words: Composites, Resin Infusion, Sprint, Interlaminar Shear, Tensile

Bond Line Thickness and Adhesive Geometry

Thomas Francis ReedBSc (Hons) Marine and Composites Technology

The adhesive bonding of composite materials is a now well-established practise for many engineering applications. However, the bonding process itself for composite materials is a complex problem, often suffering high levels of damage in relation to mechanical fastenings. Mitigation of these bonding issues is met by careful consideration of the load distribution in relation to the bond line thickness, this being particularly so for mechanical fasteners where load distribution can be both uneven and large in magnitude. This project will use standard testing techniques to investigate the effect of bond line thickness on adhesive strength of composite bonds.

Key Words: Adhesive Bonding, Bond Line Thickness, Tensile Testing

Appropriate DOE to Analyse PVC Bond Strength

Jamie RidgeBSc (Hons) Marine and Composites Technology

An investigation into providing an appropriate design of experiment method for NautiBuoy Marine. The method is to be used to analyse the influence of each variable of the PVC sheet to PE foam bonding process. The paper includes good practice management solutions to run design of experiment methods and a breakdown of costs which may be affiliated with running such methods.

Key Words: Design of Experiments, Adhesion, Inflatable


rebmuNegaPdraobpilC

Design and Analysis of Retrofit Standing Desk in Industry

Thomas RodenBSc (Hons) Marine and Composites Technology

According to HSE Statistics, there are 0.5 million work related musculoskeletal disorder cases (new or long standing) with 6.9 million working days lost. Over 35% of these musculoskeletal incidents are due to Display Screen Equipment (DSE) related injuries, including keyboard/repetitive strain and awkward/tiring positions. The project will focus on Babcock (Marine) as a target business and complete a cost/benefit analysis on the introduction of a newly designed retrofit standing desk into industry using current health and safety statistics from the business.

Key Words: DSE, Standing Desk, Retrofit, Display Screen Equipment, HSE, Cost/Benefit

DRD Power Distribution Topologies

Connor StewartBSc (Hons) Marine and Composites Technology

A research based project looking at current and emerging technologies for power distribution topologies that are suitable for a dockyard adhering to nuclear regulations. This project was carried out at the request of Babcock International, who currently use a mixture of vintage and more modern technologies at Devonport Royal Dockyard (DRD). The aim of this project is to

mechanical and civil engineering project showcase...

Documents