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BSBMED301B Interpret and Apply

Medical Terminology Appropriately

Medical Administration Training

Written by Jennifer Atkins www.mediweb.com.au


Copyright

Copyright © Jennifer Atkins 2013.2

© 2009 Version 1

This training manual is copyright under the Copyright Act 1968.

Any third party copyright material included in this publication is attributed.

Jennifer Atkins asserts her ownership of the Intellectual Property contained in this

training manual. All rights are reserved. No part of this publication may be

reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, utilised,

distributed, or translated into any other language in whole or in part, in any form or

by any means, by any other party whether it be electronic, manual, photocopying,

recording, or otherwise.

Copying without authorisation is illegal.

Disclaimer

Every attempt has been made to ensure this workbook is free from errors or

omissions. However, as an educational resource, all effort should be made to

ensure you seek professional advice before relying on any statement or fact

contained herein. Material in this workbook is current at the time of writing.

Jennifer Atkins Medical Administration Training

www.mediweb.com.au


Table of Contents

RESOURCES: HELPFUL WEBSITES ............................................................................ 7

BSBMED301B: INTERPRET AND APPLY MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY APPROPRIATELY ... 9

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 13

WHAT IS MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY? 14

HOW IS MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY COMMUNICATED? 15

POLICIES AND PROCEDURES 16

SPECIALIST AREAS OF MEDICINE 21

CHECKLISTS 23

LEARNING MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY ..................................................................... 27

ROOT WORD 28

COMBINING VOWEL 29

COMBINING FORM 29

PREFIX 30

SUFFIX 30

RULES WHEN JOINING MEDICAL TERMS TOGETHER 32

LITERAL MEANING OF MEDICAL TERMS 40

SEEK CLARIFICATION 41

DICTIONARY MEANING VERSUS LITERAL MEANING 42

AUSTRALIAN VERSUS AMERICAN SPELLING 44

SINGULAR AND PLURAL WORDS 46

PRONUNCIATION 49

MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY ACTIVITIES 52

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................... 61

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS WRITTEN ON SCRIPTS 62

LIST OF COMMON MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS 66

SYMBOLS 68

SYSTEMS OF THE BODY ........................................................................................ 77

ELEVEN MAIN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY 77

ANATOMICAL PLANES AND POSITIONS ................................................................ 85

PLANES OF THE BODY 86

BODY CAVITIES 87

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DIRECTION AND LOCATION 88

LIST OF TERMS FOR POSITION AND DIRECTION 90

MOVEMENT OF JOINTS 91

ABDOMINOPELVIC QUADRANTS AND REGIONS 93


INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM ................................................................................. 103

INTERESTING FACTS ON THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM 104

THE LAYERS OF THE SKIN 105

FUNCTIONS OF THE SKIN 105

SKIN COLOUR 106


GLOSSARY OF INTEGUMENTARY TERMS 124

SKELETAL SYSTEM .............................................................................................. 127

INTERESTING FACTS ON THE SKELETAL SYSTEM 128

FUNCTIONS OF THE SKELETON 129

TYPES OF FRACTURES 130

THE FIVE SECTIONS OF THE SPINE 133


NAMES OF SKELETAL BONES 149

GLOSSARY OF SKELETAL TERMS 151

MUSCULAR SYSTEM ........................................................................................... 155

INTERESTING FACTS ON THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM 156

HOW MUSCLES ARE NAMED 157

MAJOR MUSCLES OF THE BODY 157


NAMES OF MUSCLES 173

GLOSSARY OF MUSCULAR TERMS 175

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM ............................................................................................. 179

INTERESTING FACTS ON THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 180

FUNCTIONS OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS 182

PATIENT INFORMATION SHEET 185


GLOSSARY OF DIGESTIVE TERMS 202














CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM ................................................................................ 207

INTERESTING FACTS ON THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 208

FUNCTIONS OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR ORGANS 209

ELECTROCARDIOGRAM (ECG) 212

HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE 215


GLOSSARY OF CARDIOVASCULAR TERMS 230

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM ....................................................................................... 233

INTERESTING FACTS ON THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 234

FUNCTIONS OF THE ORGANS OF RESPIRATION 235

ASTHMA 238


GLOSSARY OF RESPIRATORY TERMS 254

NERVOUS SYSTEM ............................................................................................. 257

INTERESTING FACTS ON THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 258

THE BRAIN AND THE SENSES 260

FUNCTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 261


GLOSSARY OF NERVOUS SYSTEM TERMS 276

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM .......................................................................................... 281

INTERESTING FACTS ON THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 282

FUNCTIONS OF THE ENDOCRINE GLANDS 283


GLOSSARY OF ENDOCRINE TERMS 299

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM ........................................................................................... 303

INTERESTING FACTS ON THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM 304

THE ROLE OF THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM 305

FUNCTIONS OF THE LYMPHATIC ORGANS AND TISSUES 306


GLOSSARY OF LYMPHATIC AND IMMUNE TERMS 318

URINARY SYSTEM .............................................................................................. 321

INTERESTING FACTS ON THE URINARY SYSTEM 322









HOW DOES YOUR BODY REMOVE WASTE? 323

URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS 323

FUNCTIONS OF THE URINARY ORGANS 325


GLOSSARY OF URINARY TERMS 338

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM ..................................................................................... 343

INTERESTING FACTS ON THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 344

FUNCTIONS OF THE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS 345


GLOSSARY OF REPRODUCTIVE TERMS 359

RADIOLOGY ....................................................................................................... 363

INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT RADIOLOGY 363

X-RAY 364

CT SCAN (COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY): 364

ULTRASOUND 365

MRI (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING) 366


GLOSSARY OF RADIOLOGY TERMS 380

PATHOLOGY....................................................................................................... 385

INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT PATHOLOGY 385

NINE DIFFERENT DISCIPLINES OF PATHOLOGY 386


GLOSSARY OF PATHOLOGY TERMS 399

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA ....................................................................................... 403





RESOURCES: HELPFUL WEBSITES

Professional Associations and Medical Standards

AGPAL Australian General Practice Accreditation Ltd www.qip.com.au

Australian Association of Practice Managers www.aapm.org.au

Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency http://www.ahpra.gov.au/

Australian Medical Association (AMA) www.ama.com.au

General Practice Computer Standards http://www.racgp.org.au/your-

practice/e-health/cis/ciss/

General Practice Registrars Australia www.gpra.org.au

Health Services Commission http://www.health.vic.gov.au./hsc/

Medical Practice Act 1992

www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/mpa1992128/s167.html

NSW Rural Doctors Network www.nswrdn.com.au

Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP) www.racgp.org.au

State and Territory Doctors Health Advisory www.doctorshealth.org.au

Medical and Health Reference sites

National vaccine storage guidelines http://www.immunise.health.gov.au

Alcohol Awareness Site

http://www.drinkingnightmare.gov.au/internet/DrinkingNightmare/publishing.nsf

Australian Doctor Online Newspaper http://www.australiandoctor.com.au

Cancer Screening Government Site http://www.cancerscreening.gov.au/

Department of Health and Aged Care www.health.gov.au

Department of Health, Victoria http://www.health.vic.gov.au

Doctors Reference Site www.drsref.com.au

Government Website About Health Issues www.healthinsite.gov.au

How Do You Measure Up

http://www.measureup.gov.au/internet/abhi/publishing.nsf

http://www.aapm.org.au/

http://www.ahpra.gov.au/

http://www.ama.com.au/

http://www.racgp.org.au/your-practice/e-health/cis/ciss/

http://www.racgp.org.au/your-practice/e-health/cis/ciss/

http://www.gpra.org.au/

http://www.health.vic.gov.au./hsc/

http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/mpa1992128/s167.html

http://www.nswrdn.com.au/

http://www.racgp.org.au/

http://www.doctorshealth.org.au/

http://www.immunise.health.gov.au/

http://www.drinkingnightmare.gov.au/internet/DrinkingNightmare/publishing.nsf

http://www.australiandoctor.com.au/

http://www.cancerscreening.gov.au/

http://www.health.gov.au/

http://www.health.vic.gov.au/divisions/index.htm

http://www.drsref.com.au/

http://www.healthinsite.gov.au/

http://www.measureup.gov.au/internet/abhi/publishing.nsf


Infection Control Guidelines For a Health Setting

http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/node/30290

National Skin Cancer Awareness www.skincancer.gov.au

Quit Smoking www.quitnow.info.au

Royal District Nursing Service www.rdns.com.au

Seniors Reference Site www.seniors.gov.au

Online Medical Dictionaries

Medical Dictionary and Abbreviations http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au

Medical Dictionary http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php

Medical Dictionary www.medterms.com

Medical Dictionary www.virtualmedicalcentre.com/medical_dictionary.asp

Medical Dictionary http://www.mydr.com.au/medical-dictionary

Spell Check www.spellex.com/speller.htm

Medical Abbreviations

Abbreviations http://www.medilexicon.com/medicalabbreviations.php

Acronyms www.drsref.com.au/acronyms

Health Thesaurus

http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/health-

thesaurus.htm

http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/node/30290

http://www.skincancer.gov.au/

http://www.quitnow.info.au/

http://www.rdns.com.au/

http://www.seniors.gov.au/

http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/

http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php

http://www.medterms.com/

http://www.virtualmedicalcentre.com/medical_dictionary.asp

http://www.mydr.com.au/medical-dictionary

http://www.spellex.com/speller.htm

http://www.medilexicon.com/medicalabbreviations.php

http://www.drsref.com.au/acronyms/

http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/health-thesaurus.htm

http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/health-thesaurus.htm


BSBMED301B: Interpret and Apply Medical Terminology Appropriately

About this unit

This unit provides participants with advanced medical terminology skills for general

practice, specialist rooms, hospitals and allied health environments. Topics:

o Learn the structure of medical words

o Prefix/Root/Suffix

o Basic and advanced terminology

o Systems of the body

o Abbreviations and symbols

o Pronunciation of medical terms.

This unit will teach you the skills and knowledge to be able to:

Respond appropriately to instructions which contain medical terminology

Carry out routine tasks

Use appropriate advanced medical terminology in oral and written

communication.

About this book

This book is suitable for participants in a range of situations, from classroom based

learning to distance education learning.

The book is developed as a step-by-step learning guide. You are to complete each

chapter before moving onto the next section. Activities are provided for you to work

through, and once the relevant skills are developed then you can move on to the

next part of the book.


As this is a nationally recognised unit, the activities throughout the book will require

you to draw upon your experiences in life, and your mock experiences in a medical

environment. These exercises form the basis of your learning so you will develop the

skills necessary to meet the required competency for the unit. Competency in the

unit will be demonstrated through the completion of the various activities and

assessments as determined by your assessor.

Nationally Accredited Qualification: This unit is nationally recognised under the

Australian Qualifications Framework. Upon completion of this unit you will be

awarded competency in BSBMED301B: Interpret and Apply Medical Terminology

Appropriately.


BSBMED301B: Interpret and Apply Medical Terminology Appropriately

Description

This unit describes the performance outcomes, skills and knowledge required to

understand and respond to instructions; to carry out routine tasks and communicate

with a range of internal/external clients in a medical environment; and to use

appropriate advanced medical terminology.

Performance criteria

Element Performance Criteria

1. Respond appropriately to instructions which contain medical terminology

1.1 Receive, interpret and document written and oral instructions using medical terminology

1.2 Use checklists where appropriate

1.3 Ensure own understanding of abbreviations for specialised medical terminology and associated processes

1.4 Ensure own understanding of and adhere to, the policies and procedures of the enterprise

1.5 Seek clarification when necessary

2. Carry out routine tasks

2.1 Use medical terminology correctly in the completion of routine tasks

2.2 Seek assistance from supervisor or experienced staff member as required

3. Use appropriate medical terminology in oral and written communication

3.1 Use appropriate medical terminology as directed, in oral communication with patients, fellow workers and health professionals

3.2 Use appropriate medical terminology as directed, in written communication with patients, fellow workers and health professionals

3.3 Present written communication to a designated person for verification if required

3.4 Spell and pronounce medical terminology correctly


Effective communication with staff and patients is important in any environment;

however it is critical in a medical environment as it underpins patient welfare. While

doctors talk to their patients in non-medical or layman’s terms, they use medical

terminology in records, reports and correspondence. Often a doctor will pass on

verbal instructions to employees, assuming there is an understanding of what these

instructions mean. For this reason it is an integral part of the medical office worker’s

training to be able to recognise and understand medical terminology. The time spent

learning this new language ensures you will confidently communicate with patients

and other medical workers.

A medical environment is among the busiest of all work environments. A medical

office worker is responsible for a wide range of daily tasks which includes scheduling

patient appointments, filing, handling payments, typing reports and letters,

recording information and maintaining an organised and safe working environment.

Medical terminology is embedded in each of these duties.

Introduction


Specialist Areas of Medicine

What types of specialists do patients see?

Patients will see a variety of specialists, all of whom require a referral. There are

many different types of specialists. Below is a list of some of the more common

specialists and the area they specialise in.

Specialist Area Study of…

Cardiology The heart

Dermatology The skin

Endocrinology The glands and their secretions

Gastroenterology The stomach and intestines

Gynaecology and

Obstetrics

The female reproductive system (Gynaecology) and

pregnancy and childbirth (Obstetrics)

Haematology The blood

Immunology The immune system

Neurology The nervous system

Oncology Cancer

Ophthalmology The eyes

Orthopaedics The skeleton

Paediatrics Children

Psychiatry The mind

Rheumatology The rheumatic system, including joints, muscles, connective

tissues, and soft tissues around the joints and bones

Urology The urinary system


Which specialist department do you think patients would be referred to for the

following conditions?

Physical condition Specialist area required

Chronic intestinal pain

Chronic Back injury

Pregnancy

Stomach ulcer

Fibromyalgia

Chronic eye infections

Scarring caused by acne

Schizophrenia

Persistent urinary tract infections

Low iron stores


Introduction

Learning Medical Terminology is similar to learning a new language. In fact medical

terms are based on Latin and Greek words. It is common to feel overwhelmed by the

number of new words and terms that are part of a medical environment. However

you will be pleased that even the longest medical word can be broken down into

components and learnt. The terms you will learn in this book describe common

conditions, diseases, and their diagnosis and treatment.

There are five basic parts to a medical word:

Root word

Combining vowel

Combining form

Prefix

Suffix

Learning Medical Terminology


Root word

The root word is the basic building block of medical words. Most root words are

derived from Latin and Greek words. They give you the prime meaning of the

medical word which usually refers to a part of the body.

For example, cardi means heart. It is used in the word cardiopathy, which means

disease of the heart.

Other parts of the body have their own medical terminology, as shown below.

Body part Medical term

Heart cardi

Stomach gastr

Intestines enter

Nose rhin

Muscle my/muscul

Skeleton skelet

Skin dermat

Can you underline the root word for the following medical terms, and state the

meaning of the root word.

Note: You do not need to know the meaning of the whole word; only the meaning of

the root word.

Medical term (underline root word) Meaning of root word

Dermatitis

Cardiologist

Rhinoplasty

Skeleton

Epigastric


Complete the following table to add the prefix to the joining word to make medical

terms. Use the table on the following page to assist. The first word has been

completed for you.

Prefix Meaning Joining word Medical term Meaning of medical word

Epi Above Gastric Epigastric Pertaining to above the

stomach

Micro Small Scope

Dys Painful Pnoea

Hypo Below/Low Tension

Complete the following table to add the suffix to the joining word. Use the table on

the following page to assist. The first word has been completed for you.

Suffix Meaning Joining word Medical term Meaning of medical word

Logist Specialist

who studies

Cardio Cardiologist Specialist who studies the

heart

Tomy Incision Gastro

Ectomy Removal of Mast

Logy Study of Bio

Pathy Disease Gastro


Body Parts with Multiple Root Words

Because medical terminology is based on Latin and Greek words, it is possible that a

body part will have terms which are derived from both languages. One such example

is the nose. The Latin derived word for nose is nas/o and the Greek derived word is

rhin/o. Although both these root words mean nose they are not always

interchangeable, which means some medical words will use nas/o and others will

use rhin/o. For example:

Nasogastric tube - is a tube inserted into the stomach through the nose

The root word cannot be changed to rhin/o, as the accepted term uses the root word

nas/o. Therefore nasogastric is correct and rhinogastric is not correct.

Rhinoplasty - is a surgical repair of the nose

The root word cannot be changed to nas/o, as the accepted term uses the root word

rhin/o. Therefore rhinoplasty is correct and nasoplasty is not correct.

If you are unsure which root word to use, check your dictionary as it will display the

correct choice of term.

Which root word will you use for the following words?

(Use your dictionary to assist you)

Meaning Possible terms (circle the

correct one)

Correct root word

Relating to the nose (Nasal, Rhinal)

Visual examination of the nose (Nasoscopy, Rhinoscopy)

Study of the nose (Nasology, Rhinology)


Australian Versus American Spelling

For many words there are two ways of spelling them. It is important to be aware that

some spell checks will recognise the American spelling and not the Australian or

English spelling. American spelling of medical words do not acknowledge any silent

vowels, which means an ‘o’ or an ‘a’ that is not pronounced is not spelt. The other

major difference is with the spelling of words where the ‘c’ is pronounced as a ‘k.’

American spelling will spell it with a ‘k’ whereas Australian spelling is with a ‘c’.

Common examples are:

Australian / English American

Oedema Edema

Haematology Hematology

Colour Color

Anaesthesia Anesthesia

Foetal Fetal

Paediatrician Pediatrician

Diarrhoea Diarrhea

Haemorrhoid Hemorrhoid

Leucocyte Leukocyte

Oesophagus Esophagus

Sulphate Sulfate

Vaporise Vaporize

Underline the part of each Australian/English medical word which is omitted or

altered in the American spelling.


The following words have been spelt incorrectly. To spell them correctly refer to

the previous table or look up each word in a medical dictionary.

American spelling Australian / English spelling

Esophagitis

Edema

Tumor

Orthopedic

Hemostasis

Anesthesia

Hemoglobin

Leukopenia

Diarrhea

Behavior

Dyspnea

Hematologist

Anemia

Fiber


Introduction

The integumentary system consists of the skin, its glands, hair and nails. Integument

means covering.

The skin is considered the largest organ of your body. This is because the surface

area of the skin on an average adult is 2 m2, weighs 3.5-4.5 kg, and represents 16

percent of your body’s total weight.

The thickness of your skin differs throughout your body. High use areas of your body

have thicker skin. For example, your skin is thickest on the soles of your feet, and the

palms of your hands.

Integumentary System


Interesting facts on the Integumentary System

An average adult's skin contains more than 18 kilometres of blood vessels.

The skin releases as much as 11 litres of sweat a day in hot weather. The

areas that don't sweat are the nail bed, the margins of the lips, and the

eardrums.

Body odour comes from a second kind of sweat—a fatty secretion produced

by the apocrine sweat glands, found mostly around the armpits, and genitals.

Body odour is caused by bacteria on the skin eating and digesting those fatty

compounds.

Globally, dead skin accounts for about a billion tons of dust in the

atmosphere. Your skin sheds 50,000 cells every minute.

Breasts are a modified form of sweat gland.

There are at least five types of receptors in the skin that respond to pain and

to touch.

One experiment revealed that Meissner corpuscles—touch receptors that are

concentrated in the fingertips and palms, lips and tongue, and genitals —

respond to a pressure of just 20 milligrams, the weight of a fly.

Adapted from: http://discovermagazine.com/2007/feb/20-things-skin/ 4 February 2010

http://discovermagazine.com/2007/feb/20-things-skin/


Skin Type Colour Features

I White or freckled skin Always burns, never tans

II White skin Burns easily, tans poorly

III Olive skin Mild burn, gradually tans

IV Light brown skin Burns minimally, tans easily

V Dark brown skin Rarely burns, tans easily

VI Black skin Never burns, always tans

Reference: Goldman MP. Shiffman MA, Mirrafati SJ, Lam SM, Cueteaux CG. Simplified Facial Rejuvenation. 2. Springer Berlin

Heidelberg; 2007:47-50.

Skin Colour

The amount of melanin pigment in the skin determines a person’s skin colour

(called the skin phototype). The amount of skin pigment a person has can be

genetically inherited, due to various diseases, or due to the hormonal changes

that occur during pregnancy.

The Fitzpatrick Scale is used to classify skin complexion and response to

ultraviolet exposure. The table below displays the Fitzpatrick scale.


Colours

Many medical conditions have symptoms which are denoted by colouration. Here is

a list of different colours and their combining forms.

Colour Combining form Example

Black Melan/o Melanosis

Blue Cyan/o Cyanosis

Green Chlor/o Chloroma

Grey Poli/o Poliomyelitis

Red Erythr/o Erythrocyte

Red Eosin/o Eosinophil

White Leuc/o Leucocyte

White Albin/o Albinism

Yellow Cirrh/o Cirrhosis

Yellow Xanth/o Xanthoma

Yellow Jaund/o Jaundice


Colour Activity

For the following medical terms, use forward slashes to divide the word into parts

and then give the meaning of the individual word parts. The first one has been

completed for you.

Medical term (divide using slashes) Meaning

Albin/ism White / condition

Chloropsia

Cirrhosis

Cyanosis

Erythrocyte

Erythrocytosis

Leucocyte

Melanoma

Melanosis

Xanthoma

Xanthosis


Labelled Diagram of the Skin

The diagram below is a microscopic cross section of human skin.

Look up the medical terms in the Glossary of Integumentary Terms (found at the

end of this chapter), and write the function of each part of the skin.

Sweat Gland

Blood Vessels

Hair

Epidermis

Sebaceous Gland

Dermis

Hair Follicle

Subcutaneous Tissue


Word Components

The following word components are commonly used in the integumentary system.

Complete the table by adding meanings and medical words for all word components.

Word component Meaning Example

Albin/o

Chlor/o

Cry/o Cold, freezing

Cut/i Skin

Cyan/o Cyanosis

Derm/a Skin Dermatitis

Eosin/o Eosinophil

Erythr/o

Hidr/o Sweat

Jaund/o

Kerat/o Horny layer of skin

Leuc/o, leuk/o

Melan/o

Myc/o Fungus

Onych/o Nail Onychomycosis

Phyt/o Plant

Pil/o Hair

Poli/o

Py/o Pus

Scab/o To itch Scabies

Scler/o Hard

Seb/o Fat, sebum

Sub Beneath, under

Trich/o Hair

Vesic/o Blister

Xanth/o

Xero Dry


Medical Terminology Activities

A. Using your dictionary for clarification, spell the following words correctly

1. Celulitis ___________________________________________________

2. Dermatitice ___________________________________________________

3. Papula ___________________________________________________

4. Alopacea ___________________________________________________

5. Vitillego ___________________________________________________

6. Soriasis ___________________________________________________

B. Give the meaning of the following combining forms

1. Melan/o __________________________________________________

2. Leuc/o ___________________________________________________

3. Dermat/o ___________________________________________________

4. Onych/o ___________________________________________________

5. Trich/o ___________________________________________________

6. Cry/o ___________________________________________________

C. Give the meaning of the following suffixes

1. –al ___________________________________________________

2. –auxis ___________________________________________________

3. –cyte ___________________________________________________

4. –itis ___________________________________________________

5. –logist ___________________________________________________

6. –lysis ___________________________________________________

7. –plasty ___________________________________________________

8. –rrhoea ___________________________________________________

9. –trophy ___________________________________________________


D. Give the meaning of the following prefixes

1. Auto- ___________________________________________________

2. Crypto- ___________________________________________________

3. Dys- ___________________________________________________

4. Hyper- ___________________________________________________

5. Hypo- ___________________________________________________

6. Intra- ___________________________________________________

7. Pachy- ___________________________________________________

8. Para- ___________________________________________________

E. Using slashes divide the following terms into parts and give the meaning of the

whole word

1. Epidermis ________________________________________________

2. Dermatologist ________________________________________________

3. Seborrhoea ________________________________________________

4. Onychodystrophy ________________________________________________

F. Complete the medical term based on its meaning

1. Extreme cold treatment: ________________________ therapy

2. Pertaining to beneath the skin: ___________________ cutaneous

3. Abnormal dryness of skin: ______________________ sis

4. Abnormal condition of nail fungal infection: ________________ mycosis

5. A cell that produces melanin: ____________________________ cyte


G. Match the term in Column 2 with its correct meaning from Column 1

Column 1 Column 2

1. Plant/fungus ________________________ Melano-

2. Reddening of the skin ________________________ Myc-

3. Dry ________________________ Onych-

4. Dark pigment ________________________ Phyt-

5. Skin ________________________ Erythem-

6. Nail ________________________ Adip-

7. Excessive flow ________________________ -derma

8. Fungus ________________________ -lysis

9. Break down ________________________ -rrhoea

10. Fat ________________________ Xero-


H. Choose one of the following medical words to complete the sentences below.

Note there are more words than sentences

Impetigo Eczema Tinea

Psoriasis Scabies Cellulitis

Acne Onycholysis Papule

Alopecia Albino Cysts

1. Chris has a scaly pink rash all over his knees and elbows, called

_________________

2. Dr Johnson has been treating his patient John, with symptoms of itchy skin

which is weeping, called ____________________

3. Heather has recently suffered from acute swelling of her lower legs with

heat, pain and redness, diagnosed as _____________________

4. Karen has ___________________ on her face, which has pustules and

associated blackheads.

5. Brett has ___________________, which means he has lost the hair on part of

his body

6. Julian was diagnosed with ________________________ which is a fungal

condition of his nails.

7. John has a condition where he doesn’t have any melanin, called

_________________

8. Jack has multiple sacks of fluid on his chest, and is relieved they are only

__________________


J. Unlabeled diagram of the skin

Label the diagram of the skin using the following terms:

Blood vessels, dermis, epidermis, hair follicle, hair, sebaceous gland, sweat

gland, and subcutaneous tissue.

All terms in defined in the Glossary of Integumentary Terms.


K. Case Study – Psoriasis

Read the following case study. Then (a) look up the listed words in the dictionary,

and (b) write the meaning of the words in the section provided.

Mr. Newman, a 43 year old man has a long history of erythrodermic psoriasis, the

most severe of all forms of psoriasis. He has attended various dermatology clinics

and seen many respected dermatologists in the past, with minimal success.

On examination, his epidermis is red and scaly. His scalp, face and hands are the

worst of all body areas. He sheds skin continuously and has a chronic case of

xeroderma. He also suffers from a secondary form of psoriasis affecting the body

folds and his genitals, known as flexural psoriasis.

As the psoriasis becomes more scaly and inflamed, I am concerned that it may be

developing into pustular psoriasis, which will cause him more pain than he is

currently in. He already suffers myalgia which causes considerable pain.

I am referring him for up to date pathology tests and have today taken a skin

scraping to look for the presence of inflammatory markers. I have requested urgent

results from microbiology.

Previously a biopsy of his skin was sent to histology for analysis by a senior

pathologist.

The cytological results of this were revealed under microscope; showing large

numbers of leucocytes.

(a) Look up the following words in your dictionary and write out their meanings:

Psoriasis

Inflammatory (inflammation)

Pustular (pustule)


(b) The following are the medical terms from the case study. Using slashes divide

the terms into parts and give the meaning of the whole word.

Erythrodermic

Dermatology

Dermatologists

Epidermis

Xeroderma

Myalgia

Pathology

Microbiology

Histology

Pathologist

Cytological

Microscope

Leucocytes


Additional Integumentary Activities

1. Seek clarification from supervisor

Rakib is a new patient at Summerhill Medical Centre. He has a specialist report

stating that he needs to bathe his skin in a certain solution. He asks you where he

can get this from. The report states he needs to use Ph neutral products on his skin.

He asks is this means he can use household soap.

You are not familiar with his condition, the skin product, or the Ph of soap. However

Susan, your practice manager is in the next office and you are able to seek assistance

from her. List the questions you would ask her?

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

2. Match the term in Column 2 with its layman’s term from Column 1

Column 1 Column 2

1. Baldness _________________________ Verruca

2. Blackheads _________________________ Naevi

3. Rash _________________________ Pruritus

4. Birthmark _________________________ Vesicle

5. Itching _________________________ Urticaria

6. Hives _________________________ Alopecia

7. Wart _________________________ Comedomes

8. Blister _________________________ Exanthem


Spelling List

The following integumentary words are listed in the Glossary of Integumentary

Terms. Spell each word three times in the space following the word.

Acne

Alopecia

Benign

Biopsy

Dermatitis

Eczema

Erbium laser

Erythema

Hyperpigmentation

Keratosis

Keratotic

Cryotherapy

Malignant

Melanoma

Onychomycosis

Pigmentation

Pruritus

Psoriasis

Pustule

Rosacea

Scabies

Tinea

Vesicle

Vitiligo

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