medical terminology
TRANSCRIPT
Introduction
LESSON #1
When in doubt of
the terminology,
tell your patients
they’re very sick.
Objectives
• Definition of Medical terminology
• Importance of medical terminology
• Medical word elements
• Word roots
• Combining forms
• Suffixes
• Prefixes
• Basic rules
Objectives
• Defining medical words
• Building medical words
• Pronunciation Guidelines
Definition
• Medical terminology is language that is used to accurately describe the human body and associated components, conditions, processes and procedures in a science-based manner.
• Some examples are: R.I.C.E., trapezius, and latissimus dorsi. It is to be used in the medical and nursing fields.
Definition
• The words – or terms – which make up the language of medicine are referred to as the terminology of the medical field…known as medical terminology.
• Like every other language, medical terminology has changed over time and will continue to change.
• Most medical terms come from the Greek and Latin
languages.
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Importance of the Medical Terminology
• Simplify communication/break down the language barrier.
• Easy understanding(common language)
• They are specific terminologies, thus makes no need to use general terminology
word elements
• The medical word contains all or some of these;
Word root
Combining form
Suffixes Word Elements
Prefixes
E.g. Dermatitis = defined as the inflammation of the skin.
Skin(word root)
Inflammation(suffix)
Word elements
Tonsillectomy
Tonsil(root) ctomy(remove)
oligospermia
Prefix(Little ) word root suffix(state/conditions)
Peritonsillitis = Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the tonsil
Around(prefix) tonsil(Root) inflammation(suffix)
Word root
A root is the basic element of a word, and it is the foundation on which the meaning of a word is built.
Many roots are real words in their own right and term. Although these roots can have other elements, they don't need other elements to be complete.
A root can be a whole word or a part of a word. Roots come from many different languages, mainly Greek and Latin, and find their way into English.
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Word roots
• All medical terms have at least one word root
• Most of word root are either in Greek or Latin
language.
E.g. of Respiratory system word roots and the meaning
Alveol ………. Alveolus(one), Alveoli(many)
Bronch……….Bronchus/bronchi
Epiglott ………Epiglottis
Lob……………..Lobe
Nas …………….Nose
Or ………………Mouth
Combining forms
Combining(Linking) forms is formed when a word root is combined with a vowel.
usually “o”, but occasionally “e” or “i”.
i.e Combined form= word root + o
Most medical terms can be broken down into parts like a sentence.
Common word parts/components:
Prefixes / Roots or Words / Suffixes
The medical terms will contain one or more of these components.
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Combining forms
Word root vowel
Bronch + i/o/u eg Bronchus/Bronchiectasis
Epiglott + I eg Epiglottitis
Pharyng + i/o eg Pharyngitis/
pharyngotonsilitis
Or + a eg oral
Combining forms(Colors)
Alb/o, Albin/o, Leuk/o – white
Chlor/o – green
Cirrh/o – orange-yellow
Cyan/o – blue
Eosin/o, Erythr/o, Rhod/o, Rose/o, Rubr/i/o – red, rosy
Flav/o, Jaund/o, Lute/o, Xanth/o – yellow
Fusc/o – dark brown
Combining forms (color)
Glauc/o – gray, bluish greenan/o – black
Poli/o, Tephr/o – gray, ashen
Purpur/i - purple
PREFIX
A prefix is a word component placed in front of a root/word to change or modify its meaning.
A prefix can give a root direction or position. It can also give a root a specific type/ classification, quality, or quantity.
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Common Prefixes
• Homo- same, similar • Hyster- uterus • Men- menstruation • Quadri- four • Re- back, again • Super- above, beyond • Tri- three
• Ab- away from midline • Acu- needle • Anti- against • Auto- self • Bi- two, both, double • Dys- abnormal, bad, painful • Hemi- half • Hetero- opposite, different
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More Prefixes!
• Epi- upon, over, above • Ex- out, out of • Hyper- excessive, above,
too much, over, beyond • Hypo- less than, under,
below, deficient
• A-, An- without, none • Ad- toward/near midline • Acro- extremities • Ambi- on both sides • Bio- life • Brady- slow • Circum- around, encircling • Contra- against • Dys- difficult, painful, bad,
abnormal • Endo- within
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PREFIXES continued
• Poly- many, much • Post- after, behind • Pro- before, in front of,
forward • Retro- behind, backward • Sub- under, below, beneath • Supra- above, on the top side • Tachy- fast • Trans- across, over
• Hydro- fluid, water • Inter- between • Intra- within • Iso- equal • Mal- ill, bad • Meta- after, beyond,
change • Multi- many, more than
one • Neo- new or abnormal
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SUFFIX
A suffix is a word component added to the end of a root/word that changes or modifies its usage, function, or meaning.
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SUFFIXES: Surgical Procedures
-centesis – to puncture/tap to draw fluid from -desis – surgical fixation, fusion -ectomy – excision, removal, cut out -pexy - fixation
-plasty – surgical repair, correction -rrhaphy – suture -sect – to cut -stomy – forming a new opening
-tome – instrument for cutting -tomy – incision into, cut into -tripsy – to crush, break down -puncture – to pierce a surface
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Moe, after the bandages come off
and the wounds heal, you’ll still be a
pig.
SUFFIXES: diagnostic procedures
-assay – examine, analyze
-gram – written record, recording
-graph – instrument for recording
-graphy – process of recording
-manometer – instrument for measuring pressure
-manometry – process of measuring pressure
-meter – instrument for measuring
-metery – process of measuring
-opsy – to view
-scope - instrument for examining
-scopy – process of examining, examination
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SUFFIXES: 5 rrh’s
-rrhagia – excessive flow, profuse fluid discharge
-rrhage – excessive flow, profuse fluid discharge
-rrhaphy – suture
-rrhea – flow, discharge
-rrhexis - rupture
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SUFFIXES: pertaining to…
Suffixes that all mean pertaining to:
-ac (cardiac)
-al (dental)
-ar (tonsilar)
-ary (pulmonary)
-ia (bradycardia)
-ic (gastric)
-ical (chemical)
-ium (cardium)
-ous (mucous)
-tic (pancreatic)
-us (hydrocephalus) 24
More Suffixes!
-algia, -algesia – pain -cele – herniation, swelling -cide – killing, agent that kills -cyte - cell -emia – blood condition -ism – condition, disease -ist – specialist -itis – inflammation -logist – one who studies, specialist -logia, -logy – the study of -lysis – destruction, break down -megaly – enlarged -oid – resembling, like 25
MORE SUFFIXES
-oma – tumor, mass -opia, -opsia – vision -osis – condition of -pathy – disease -plasm – growth/formation of tissue -pnea – breath, breathing -porosis – porous, decrease in density -ptosis – drooping, prolapsed -ptysis – spitting, spit up -spasm – twitching, involuntary contraction -therapy – treatment
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Rules!
To define medical terms, divide or slash them into their component parts; these word components are called prefixes, suffixes, and roots.
Use the hyphen ( - ) after the word component to indicate that it is a prefix; use it after the combining form to indicate that it needs a suffix; use it before the word component to indicate it is a suffix.
For example: Epi-gastr/o/-cele
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More Rules!
Use the combining vowel “o” when a suffix begins with a consonant. i.e Termin/o/logy Use the combining vowel “o” when combining two roots only if the second root begins with a consonant. i.e. Pneum/o/thorax Do not use the combining vowel “o” if you are combining a second root that begins with a vowel or a suffix that begins with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes y). i.e. Pneum/arthr/osis Add –y to a word to indicate a procedure (gastroscopy) or –ly to indicate an act or process (splenomegaly).
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And More Rules!!
The suffix –osis always denotes a condition (usually abnormal). When combined with the color roots erythr/o- (red) and leuk/o- (white), it represents a condition of abnormally increased blood cells.
Most of the time, word components denoting color are used as prefixes. However, sometimes they are the root of the medical term.
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THE BODY
BLOOD
CARDIOVASCULAR
ENDOCRINE
GASTROINTESTINAL
INTEGUMENTARY
LYMPHATIC/IMMUNE
MUSCULAR
NERVOUS
REPRODUCTIVE – FEMALE
REPRODUCTIVE – MALE
RESPIRATORY
SENSES (5)
SKELETAL
URINARY
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BLOOD SYSTEM
• Agglutin/o – clumping
• Amyl/o - starch
• Anis/o – unequal
• Angi/o – blood/ lymph vessels
• Arteri/o - artery
• Bas/o, basi/o – base, foundation
• Coagul/o – coagulation, clotting
• Eosin/o – red, rosy, dawn
• Erythr/o – red
• Ferr/i, ferr/o – iron
• Granul/o – granules
• Haem/a, hem/o, hemat/o - blood
BLOOD SYSTEM
• Kal/i – potassium
• Leuk/o – white
• Myel/o – bone marrow, spinal cord
• Natr/o – sodium
• Neutr/o –neutral
• Norm/o – normal, usual
• Phleb/o - vein
• Phosphat/o – phosphate
• Poikil/o – variation, irregular
• Pykn/o, pycn/o – thick, dense
• Rhod/o – red, rosy
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BLOOD SYSTEM
• Sangu/i, sanguin/o – blood • Sapr/o – rotten, decay • Schist/o – split, cleft • Ser/o – serum, serous • Sider/o – iron • Spher/o – round, sphere • Strept/o – twisted, curved • Thromb/o – clot, thrombus • Vas/o, vascul/o – blood vessel • Ven/o - vein
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PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER
1. Hem/o/lysis - ______________________
2. Hyper/kal/emia - ___________________
3. Thromb/o/pheresis - ________________
4. Hyp/o/volemia - ____________________
5. Erythr/o/cyte - _____________________
6. Phleb/itis - ________________________
7. Hemat/o/logy - _____________________
34 ©2009 by Flex Ed All Rights Reserved
PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER
1. Hem/o/lysis –
2. Hyper/kal/emia –
3. Thromb/o/pheresis -
4. Hyp/o/volemia –
5. Erythr/o/cyte –
6. Phleb/itis –
7. Hemat/o/logy -
Blood breakdown
Excess potassium in the blood
Clot removal
Low blood volume
Red blood cell
Vein inflammation
Study of blood
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CARDIOVASCULAR
• Cardium – the heart • Cardi/o – heart • Angi/o – vessel • Aort/o – aorta • Arteri/o - artery • Ather/o – fatty substance, plaque • Atri/o – atrium • Coron/o – heart • Embol/o – embolus, clot • Isch/o – supress, restraint • Mi/o – less, smaller • My/o - muscle
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CARDIOVASCULAR
• Palpit/o, palpitat/o – flutter, throbbing • Rhe/o – flow, current, stream • Sphygm/o – pulse
• Tel/e – distant, far, end
• Valv/o, valvul/o – valve
• Varic/o – varicose veins
• Vas/o, vascul/o – vessel
• Ven/o – vein
• Ventricul/o – heart/ brain ventricle
• Venul/o - venule
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PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER
1. Cardi/o/megaly - ____________________
2. Cardi/o/my/o/pathy - _________________
3. Brady/card/ia - _____________________
4. Tachy/card/ia - _____________________
5. Peri/card/ium - _____________________
6. My/o/card/ia - ______________________
7. Sphygm/o/man/o/meter - _____________
8. Arteri/o/scler/osis - __________________
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PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER
1. Cardi/o/megaly -
2. Cardi/o/my/o/pathy
3. Brady/card/ia -
4. Tachy/card/ia -
5. Peri/card/ium -
6. My/o/card/ia -
7. Sphygm/o/man/o/meter -
8. Arteri/o/scler/osis -
• Enlarged heart
• Heart muscle disease
• Slow heart rate
• Fast heart rate
• Sac around the heart
• Heart muscle
• Blood pressure cuff
• Hardening of the arteries
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DIRECTIONAL TERMS
Medial, Medi/o – midline, toward the center (middle)
Lateral, Later/o – towards the side, away from the midline
Superior, Super/o – above, over
Inferior, Infer/o – below, under
Proximal, Proxim/o – near, closest to the origin
Distal, Dist/o – away from, farthest from the origin
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DIRECTIONAL TERMS
Cranial, crani/o – toward the head
Caudal, caud/o – toward the back or tail
Dorsal, dors/o – near upper surface, back
Ventral, ver/o – toward the bottom, front
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Posterior, poster/o – back, behind, after, toward the rear
Anterior, anter/o – front, in front of
PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER
1. Mediosuperior –
2. Inferolateral –
3. Laterosuperior –
4. Inferomedial –
5. Posterosuperior –
6. Anterolateral –
7. Posteromedial –
8. Proximolateral -
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PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER
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1. Mediosuperior –
2. Inferolateral –
3. Laterosuperior –
4. Inferomedial –
5. Posterosuperior –
6. Anterolateral –
7. Posteromedial –
8. Proximolateral -
Middle, upper
Below, to the side
To the side, upper
Below, middle
Back, upper
Front, to the side
Back, middle
Closest to the point of origin, to the side
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
• Acr/o – extremities • Aden/o – gland • Adren/o – adrenal glands • Cortic/o – cortex • Crin/o – secrete, separate • Gluc/o, glyc/o – glucose, sugar • Hirsut/o – hairy • Hormon/o – hormone • Hidr/o - sweat
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• Sial/o - saliva
• Thym/o – thymus gland
• Thyr/o, thyriod/o – thyroid gland
• Tox/o, toxic/o – poison, toxins
• Troph/o – growth, nourishment
MATCH THE TERMS
1. Adrenalectomy
2. Adrenalitis
3. Pancreatalgia
4. Pancreatolith
5. Corticoadrenal
6. Crinogenic
7. Hirsutism
8. Hormonopoiesis
9. Pinealopathy
A. Pancreatic stone
B. Pertaining to the cortex adrenal glands
C. Condition of being hairy
D. Removal of adrenal glands
E. Hormone formation
F. Disease of the pineal gland
G. Pain in the pancreas
H. Inflammed adrenal glands
I. Production of secretions
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MATCH THE TERMS
1. Adrenalectomy
2. Adrenalitis
3. Pancreatalgia
4. Pancreatolith
5. Corticoadrenal
6. Crinogenic
7. Hirsutism
8. Hormonopoiesis
9. Pinealopathy
– Removal of adrenal glands
– Inflammed adrenal glands
– Pain in the pancreas
– Pancreatic stone
– Cortex and adrenal glands
– Production of secretions
– Condition of being hairy
– Hormone formation
– Disease of the pineal gland
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GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM
• Abdomin/o – abdomen
• Amyl/o – starch
• An/o – anus
• Bil/i – bile
• Bucc/o – cheek
• Cec/o – cecum
• Celi/o – abdomen
• Chol/e – gall, bile
• Cholecyst/o - gallbladder
• Col/o – colon
• Dent/i - tooth
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GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM
• Dips/o – thirst
• Duoden/o – doudenum
• Enter/o – intestines
• Esophag/o – esophogus
• Gastr/o – stomach
• Gingiv/o – gums
• Gloss/o – tongue
• Hepat/o – liver
• Ile/o – ileum
• Jejun/o - jejunum
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Please pass the
thingy for the
thingy.
GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM
• Lapar/o – abdominal wall • Lingu/o – tongue • Odont/o – tooth • Or/o – mouth • Orth/o – straight, normal,
correct • Palat/o – palate • Peps/o - digestion • Peritone/o – peritoneum • Phag/o – eating, ingestion • Proct/o – rectum, anus
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• Ptyal/o, sial/o – saliva
• Pyr/o – heat, fever, fire
• Rect/o – rectum
• Sigmoid/o – sigmoid colon
• Staphyl/o – uvula
• Stomat/o - mouth
FILL IN THE BLANKS
• Cholescystectomy - _______________________
• Colonoscopy - ____________________________
• Hepatomegaly - __________________________
• Abdominocentesis - _______________________
• Biligenesis – _____________________________
• Colostomy - _____________________________
• Enteroclysis - ____________________________
• Esophagocele - ___________________________
• Epigastric - ______________________________
• Gingivitis - ______________________________
• Laparoscope - ____________________________
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FILL IN THE BLANKS • Cholescystectomy
• Colonoscopy
• Hepatomegaly
• Abdominocentesis
• Biligenesis
• Colostomy
• Enteroclysis
• Esophagocele
• Epigastric
• Gingivitis
• Laparoscope
Removal of the gallbladder
Examination of the colon
Enlarged liver
To draw fluid from the abdomen
The production of bile
Forming an opening between the colon and the abdominal wall
Irrigation/washing of the intestines
Swelling/herniation of esophagus
Pertaining to above the stomach
Inflammed gums
Instrument to examine abdomen
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INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
• Acanth/o – thorny, spiny
• Actin/o – ray, radiation
• Brom/o – odor
• Caus/o, cauter/o – burn
• Chrom/o – color
• Chrys/o – gold
• Cutane/o – skin
• Derm/o, dermat/o – skin
• Erythem/o – flushed, redness
• Eschar/o – scab
• Hidr/o, sud/o - sweat 52
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
• Lepid/o – flakes, scales
• Lepr/o – leprosy
• Onych/o, Ungu/o – nail
• Papul/o – papule, pimple, acne
• Perspir/o – breathe through
• Pil/o, Trich/o – hair
• Prurit/o, Psor/o – itching
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• Py/o – pus
• Rhytid/o – wrinkle
• Seb/o – sebum
• Steat/o – fat
• Ul/o – scar, scarring
• Verruc/i – wart
• Xer/o - dry
MATCH THE TERMS
• Causalgia
• Dermatopathy
• Escharectomy
• Onychomycosis
• Lepidosis
• Dermatitis
• Xeroderma
• Papulosis
• Verrucosis
• Hyperulosis
• Condition of fungal nails
• Removal of a scab
• Burning pain
• Skin inflammation
• Skin disease
• Condition of pimples, acne
• Condition of flaky skin
• Excessive scarring
• Dry skin
• Condition of warts
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LYMPHATIC/IMMUNE SYSTEM
• Adenoid/o – adenoids
• Axill/o – armpit
• Immun/o – protection, immune
• Lien/o – spleen
• Lymph/o – lymph
• Lymphaden/o – lymph nodes
• Nod/o – knot
• Ple/o - more
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• Sarc/o – flesh
• Septic/o –the immune response to a severe infection, putrefaction
• Splen/o – spleen
• Tetan/o – tetanus
• Tonsill/o – tonsils
• Top/o – particular place or area
• Vaccin/o - vaccine
FILL IN THE BLANKS
• Axillary lymphadenitis - ______________
• Lymphedema - _____________________
• Splenemphraxis - ___________________
• Lymphangiophlebitis - ________________
• Prophylaxis - _______________________
• Septicemia - _______________________
• Tonsillitis - ________________________
• Lienomalacia - ______________________
• Nodular - __________________________
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FILL IN THE BLANKS
• Axillary lymphadenitis
• Lymphedema
• Splenemphraxis
• Lymphangio- phlebitis
• Prophylaxis
• Septicemia
• Tonsillitis
• Lienomalacia
• Nodular
– Inflammation of the lymph nodes in the armpits
– Lymph swelling
– Spleen obstruction
– Venous inflammation of the lymphatic vessels
– Prevention of a disease
– Immune response to a severe blood infection
– Inflammation of the tonsils
– Softening of the spleen
– Pertaining to knots 57
MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
• Asthen/o - weakness
• Aux/o – growth, acceleration
• Erg/o – work
• Fasci/o –fascia, connective tissue
• Fibr/o – fiber, fibrous
• Flect/o, flex/o – bend
• Kinesi/o – movement
• Lei/o –smooth
• Ligament/o – ligament
• Muscul/o, my/o, myos/o – muscle
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MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
• Pale/o – old
• Pyg/o – buttock
• Rhabd/o - rod
• Rhabdomy/o - skeletal muscle
• Rot/o, Rotat/o – turn, rotate, revolve
• Sthen/o – strength
• Syndesm/o – ligament, connective tissue
• Ten/o, Tenont/o – tendon
• Therapeut/o – treatment
• Ton/o – tone, tension
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MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
• Ankyl/o – stiff, crooked, bent
• Arthr/o, Articul/o – joint
• Brachi/o – arm
• Burs/o – bursa
• Calcane/o – heel
• Carp/o – wrist
• Centr/o – center
• Cephal/o – head
• Cervic/o – cervix, neck of the uterus
• Cheir/o, Chir/o – hand
• Chondr/o - cartilage
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MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
• Cleid/o – clavicle • Coccyg/o – coccyx, tailbone • Cost/o – rib • Cox/o – hip • Crani/o – skull • Cubit/o – elbow, forearm • Dactyl/o – digit of finger/toe • Dent/o – tooth, teeth • Faci/o – face • Femor/o – femur • Fibul/o – fibula, small calf
bone • Geni/o – chin
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MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
• Gnath/o – jaw • Gnos/o – knowledge • Goni/o – angle • Gyr/o – circle, spiral • Humer/o – humerus, upper arm bone • Ili/o – ilium, bone in pelvis • Ischi/o – ischium, lower back hip bone • Kyph/o – humpback • Lamin/o – lamina, plate or layer • Lip/o – fat • Lord/o – curvature, bending • Lox/o – oblique, slanting • Lumb/o – lower back, loin
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MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
• Maxill/o – maxilla, upper jaw
• Mel/o – limb, limbs
• Om/o – shoulder
• Opisth/o – backward, behind
• Oste/o – bone
• Patell/o – patella, knee cap
• Ped/o, pod/o – foot
• Pelv/i – pelvis
• Perone/o – fibula, small calf bone
• Petr/o – stone
• Phalang/o – phalanges, finger/ toe bones
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MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
• Pub/o – pubis • Rachi/o – spine • Sacr/o – sacrum, triangular
bone @ bottom of spine & back of pelvic cavity
• Scapul/o – scapula, shoulder blade
• Scoli/o – crooked, twisted • Skelet/o – skeleton • Spin/o – spinal cord, spine • Spondyl/o – vertebrae, spinal
cord • Stern/o – sternum
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• Synov/o – synovia, joint fluid membrane
• Tal/o – talus, bone connecting leg to foot
• Tars/o – tarsus, foot bone, edge of eyelid
• Tibi/o – tibia, large calf bone • Vertebr/o – vertebra • Xiph/o – sword-shaped,
xiphoid
MATCH THE TERMS
‗ Bursitis
‗ Hydrocephalus
‗ Lipochondroma
‗ Intercostal
‗ Myasthenia
‗ Pygalgia
‗ Arthritis
‗ Craniotomy
‗ Kyphoscoliosis
‗ Myocarcinoma
e
h
j
a
d
b
f
c
g
i
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a. Between ribs
b. Pain in the buttocks
c. Cut into skull
d. Muscle weakness
e. Inflammation of bursa
f. Joint inflammation
g. Humpback/crooked spine h. Fluid in the head
i. Cancer tumor in muscle
j. Tumor of fat & cartilage
NERVOUS SYSTEM
• Astr/o – star • Atel/o – incomplete,
imperfect • Cerebell/o – cerebellum • Cerebr/o – cerebrum, brain • Drom/o – running • Encephal/o – brain • Esthesi/o – sensation, feeling • Gangli/o, Ganglion/o – a cyst
on/around joint/tendon • Gli/o – glue, neuroglia
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• Heli/o – sun • Hydr/o – water, hydrogen • Keraun/o – lightning • Log/o – word, speech, thought • Mening/o – meninges,
membranes • Ment/o – mind • Myel/o – spinal cord, bone
marrow
NERVOUS SYSTEM
• Narc/o – numbness, stupor • Neur/o – nerve • Phaner/o – visible,
apparent • Phob/o – fear, aversion • Phren/o – mind, diaphragm • Picr/o – bitter • Pies/i – pressure • Pleg/o - paralyzed • Poli/o – gray (matter) • Por/o – opening,
passageway
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• Psych/o – mind • Psychr/o – cold • Radicul/o – nerve root • Rhiz/o – root • Schiz/o – split, division • Somn/i – sleep • Syring/o – tube, fistula • Tax/o – coordination • Tel/o – end • Tephr/o – gray (ashen) • Thanat/o – death • Thec/o – sheath • Vag/o – vagus nerve
FILL IN THE BLANKS
1. Atelomyelia - ____________________________
2. Cerebellospinal - _________________________
3. Encephalomalacia - _______________________
4. Esthesioneurosis - ________________________
5. Gliocyte - _______________________________
6. Hypnotic - _______________________________
7. Insomnia - ______________________________
8. Meningocele - ___________________________
9. Myelocele - _____________________________
10. Neurotripsy - ____________________________
11. Vagolysis - ______________________________
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FILL IN THE BLANKS
1. Atelomyelia
2. Cerebellospinal
3. Encephalomalacia
4. Esthesioneurosis
5. Gliocyte
6. Hypnotic
7. Insomnia
8. Meningocele
9. Myelocele
10. Neurotripsy
11. Vagolysis
− Imperfect spinal cord
− Pertaining to cerebellum/spine
− Softening of the brain
− Condition of nerve sensation
− Cell glue
− Pertaining to sleep
− Condition of not sleeping
− Membrane swelling/herniation
− Spinal cord swelling/herniation
− Nerve break down
− Vagus nerve destruction 69
Reproductive System: FEMALE
• Amni/o – sac around the embryo • Cervic/o –neck of the uterus, cervix • Chor/i – chorion, two layers that surround the
embryo/amniotic sac and other membranes • Colp/o, vagin/o – vagina • Culd/o – cul-de-sac • Embry/o – embryo, fetus • Episi/o, vulv/o – vulva • Fet/o – fetus • Galact/o, lact/o – milk • Gravid/o - pregnancy • Gynec/o – woman
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Reproductive System: FEMALE
• Helc/o – ulcer • Hymen/o – hymen, membrane that surrounds the vaginal
opening • Hyster/o, uter/o – uterus • Lecith/o – yolk, ovum • Mamm/o – mammary glands in breast • Mast/o – breast • Men/o – menses, menstruation • Metr/o – uterus • Nat/o – birth • O/o, ov/i, ov/o – egg, ovum • Obstetr/o – midwife
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FEMALE Continued
• Omphal/o – navel • Oophor/o, ovari/o – ovary • Perine/o – perineum, surface area between the pubic arch,
the tailbone, & the legs (male or female) • Per/o – deformed, maimed • Sacchar/o – sugar • Salping/o – fallopian tubes • Terat/o – monster, wonder • Thel/o – nipple • Toc/o – childbirth, labor • Tub/o – tube • Viv/i – life, alive
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MATCH THE TERMS
‗ Amniocentesis
‗ Cervicovaginitis
‗ Ovariocyesis
‗ Episiostenosis
‗ Hysterosalpingoophor-ectomy
‗ Lactorrhea
‗ Menopause
‗ Menorrhagia
‗ Neonatology
‗ Septipara
a. hardening of the vulva
b. milk discharge
c. study of new birth
d. to puncture/tap into the wall of the uterus to draw out amniotic fluid
e. menstrual cessation
f. seven pregnancies
g. excessive menstrual flow
h. inflamed cervix and vagina
i. removal of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries
j. pregnancy in an ovary
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d.
h.
j.
a.
i.
b.
e.
g.
c.
f.
Reproductive System: MALE
• Andr/o – male • Balan/o – glans penis, tip of the
penis • Blenn/o - mucus • Crypt/o – hidden, concealed • Epididym/o – epididymis • Genit/o – reproduction • Gon/o – genitals, semen • Gonad/o – gonads, primary
reproductive organs (testes-male, ovaries-female)
• Inguin/o - groin • Olig/o – scanty, few, little • Orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o – testis
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Reproductive System: MALE
• Osche/o – scrotum • Phall/o – penis • Phim/o – muzzle • Prostat/o – prostate glands • Semen/i - semen • Sperm/o, spermat/o – sperm, spermatozoa • Test/o, testicul/o – testis • Vas/o – vas deferens, vessel • Venere/o – sexual intercourse • Vesicul/o – seminal vesicle, gland that produces 70% of
the fluid that becomes semen
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FILL IN THE BLANKS
• Balanoblennorrhea - _________________
• Gonorrhea - _______________________
• Oligospermia - _____________________
• Orchidynia - _______________________
• Oscheoplasty - _____________________
• Phallemphraxis - ____________________
• Spermicide - _______________________
• Vasectomy - _______________________
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FILL IN THE BLANKS
1. Balanoblennorrhea
2. Gonorrhea
3. Oligospermia
4. Orchidynia
5. Oscheoplasty
6. Phallemphraxis
7. Spermicide
8. Vasectomy
1. Mucus discharge from the glans penis
2. Genital discharge
3. Pertaining to low sperm
4. Pain in the testis
5. Scrotum corrective surgery
6. Penis obstruction
7. Sperm killer
8. Removal of vas deferens
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Alveol/o – alveolus • Aspir/o, aspirat/o – inhaling,
removal • Blenn/o – mucus • Bronch/o – bronchus, airway • Bronchiol/o – bronchiole • Capn/o – carbon dioxide • Coni/o – dust • Epiglott/o – epiglottis • Lal/o – speech, babble • Lampr/o – clear • Laryng/o – larynx
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• Lept/o – slender, thin, delicate • Lob/o – lobe • Mediastin/o – mediastinum,
central area of thoracic cavity • Nas/o – nose • Olfact/o, osm/o, osphresi/o –
sense of smell, odor, impulse • Ox/o – oxygen • Pector/o – chest • Phas/o – speech
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Phon/o – voice, sound • Phren/o – diaphragm, mind • Pimel/o - fat, fatty • Pleur/o – pleura • Pnea – breathing, breath • Pneum/o, pneumon/o – lung,
air • Pulmon/o – lung • Respir/o, respirat/o – breath,
breathing • Rhin/o – nose
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• Sept/o – partition • Silic/o – silica, quartz • Sin/o, sinus/o – cavity, sinus • Span/o – scanty, scarce • Spir/o – breath, breathing • Steth/o – chest • Therm/o – heat • Thorac/o, thorax/o – chest • Trache/o – trachea
MATCH THE TERMS
‗ Apnea ‗ Alveolar atelectasis ‗ Bronchospasm ‗ Epiglottitis ‗ Hemoptysis ‗ Hemothorax ‗ Hypercapnia ‗ Hypoxia ‗ Laryngoscope ‗ Pneumonitis ‗ Spirometry ‗ Stethoscope ‗ Thoracentesis ‗ Trachealmalacia
a) condition of excessive carbon dioxide b) to puncture/tap to draw fluid from the
thoracic cavity c) blood in the thoracic cavity d) trachea softening e) instrument to examine the larynx f) inflammation of the epiglottis g) without breathing h) instrument to examine/listen to chest i) incomplete expansion of alveoli j) low/deficient oxygen k) lung inflammation l) spitting up blood m) to measure breathing n) airway contraction/twitching
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g.
i.
n.
f.
l.
c.
a.
j.
e.
k.
m.
h.
b.
d.
URINARY SYSTEM
• Albumin/o – albumin • Azot/o – nitrogen, urea • Calci/o – calcium • Cali/o – calyx • Cupr/o - copper • Cyst / o – bladder • Fusc/o – dark brown • Glomerul/o - glomerulus • Glyc/o, gluc/o – sugar • Keton/o – ketones • Lith/o – stone, calculus
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• Nephr/o – kidney • Py/o – pus • Pyel/o – renal pelvis • Ren/o – kidney • Ur/o, urin/o – urine • Ureter/o – ureter • Urethr/o – urethra • Uric/o – uric acid • Vesic/o – urinary bladder
FILL IN THE BLANKS
• Cholecystectomy - ________________________
• Cystitis - ________________________________
• Hematuria - _____________________________
• Nephrolithectomy - _______________________
• Nephrology - ____________________________
• Nephrosclerosis - _________________________
• Pyuria - _________________________________
• Renogastric - ____________________________
• Ureterostomy - ___________________________
• Urethratresia - ___________________________
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FILL IN THE BLANKS
1. Cystectomy
2. Cystitis
3. Hematuria
4. Nephrolithectomy
5. Nephrology
6. Nephrosclerosis
7. Pyuria
8. Renogastric
9. Ureterostomy
10. Urethratresia
− Removal of the bladder
− Bladder/cyst inflammation
− Pertaining to blood in the urine
− Removal of kidney stones
− The study of the kidneys
− Hardening of the kidneys
− Pus in the urine
− Pertaining to the kidneys & stomach
− Forming a new opening for the ureter
− Occlusion of the urethra
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FIVE SENSES: HEARING
• Acous/o, acoust/o - hearing
• Audi/o, audit/o – hearing
• Aur/o - ear
• Aricul/o – ear
• Cochle/o – snail-shaped, auditory portion of inner ear
• Myring/o - eardrum
• Ot/o – ear
• Son/o - sound
• Tympan/o - eardrum
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FIVE SENSES: SMELL
• Nas/o – nose
• Olfact/o – smell
• Osm/o – smell
• Ophresi/o - smell
• Rhin/o - nose 85
I smell trouble!
FIVE SENSES: TOUCH
• Haph/e – touch
• Pselaphes/o – touch
• Tact/o – touch
• Thigm/o - touch
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FIVE SENSES: TASTE
• Gloss/o - tongue
• Gustat/o – taste
• Gust/o – taste
• Lingu/o - tongue
• Or/o – mouth
• Stomat/o – mouth
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FIVE SENSES: VISION
• Blephar/o, palpebr/o – eyelid
• Conjunctiv/o – conjunctiva, thin membrane that covers the inside of the eyelid & outside of eyeball
• Cor/o, pupill/o – pupil • Corne/o – cornea • Dacry/o – tear • Dipl/o – double • Hygr/o – moisture • Ir/o, irid/o – iris • Kerat/o – cornea
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• Lacrim/o – tear/lacrimal duct • Logad/o – whites of the eyes • Ocul/o – eye • Ophry/o – eyebrow • Ophthalm/o – eye • Opt/o – vision • Phac/o, phak/o – lens • Retin/o – retina • Scler/o – sclera • Stigmat/o – point • Uve/o – uvea • Vitre/o - glassy
MATCH THE TERMS 1. Acoustic 2. Myringosis 3. Otodynia 4. Otorrhea 5. Nasopharyngeal 6. Osmosis 7. Rhinoplasty 8. Rhinohemorrhagia 9. Haphephobia 10. Haphalgia 11. Thigmesthesia 12. Glossoepiglottic 13. Glossodynia 14. Stomatopathy 15. Blepharoptosis 16. Conjunctivitis 17. Diplopia 18. Opthalmologist 19. Phacomalacia
a) Pain in the ear b) Pertaining to the nose and pharynx c) Condition of smelling d) Surgical repair/correction of the nose e) Pertaining to hearing f) Ear discharge g) Condition of the eardrum h) Painful touch i) Pertaining to the tongue and epiglottis j) Drooping eyelid k) Excessive blood flow from the nose l) Eye specialist m) Sensation of touch n) Fear of being touched o) Double vision p) Tongue pain q) Softening of the lens of the eye r) Inflammation of the conjunctiva s) Disease of the mouth 89
MATCH THE TERMS 1. Acoustic 2. Myringosis 3. Otodynia 4. Otorrhea 5. Nasopharyngeal 6. Osmosis 7. Rhinoplasty 8. Rhinohemorrhagia 9. Haphephobia 10. Haphalgia 11. Thigmesthesia 12. Glossoepiglottic 13. Glossodynia 14. Stomatopathy 15. Blepharoptosis 16. Conjunctivitis 17. Diplopia 18. Opthalmologist 19. Phacomalacia
a) Pain in the ear b) Pertaining to the nose and pharynx c) Condition of smelling d) Surgical repair/correction of the nose e) Pertaining to hearing f) Ear discharge g) Condition of the eardrum h) Painful touch i) Pertaining to the tongue and epiglottis j) Drooping eyelid k) Excessive blood flow from the nose l) Eye specialist m) Sensation of touch n) Fear of being touched o) Double vision p) Tongue pain q) Softening of the lens of the eye r) Inflammation of the conjunctiva s) Disease of the mouth 90
TERMS THAT DON’T FOLLOW THE RULES
• Antispasmodic – drug agent that supresses involuntary contractions
• Aphagia – difficulty or loss of the ability to swallow or eat • Sumptomatology – the study of symptoms • Perianal – pertaining to around the anus • Thrombus – a solid mass formed in the heart or vessels (blood
clot) • Lithotomy – incision to remove a stone • Uremia – pertaining to urea in the blood • Emphysema – a pathologic accumulation of air in tissues or
organs • Pyocele – collection of pus in a bodily cavity
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TERMS THAT DON’T FOLLOW THE RULES
• Pneumothorax – air in the chest / thorax • Diplegia – paralysis of like parts on both sides of the
body • Leukemia – progressive, malignant disease of the
blood forming organs, a type of cancer • Multipara – a woman who has had two or more
births • Autodiagnosis – self diagnosis
TERMS THAT DON’T FOLLOW THE RULES
• Contraindication – any condition that renders a treatment as improper or undesirable
• Transposition – displacement of a viscus to the opposite side • Acute – having sudden severe symptoms, usually life-
threatening • Angina – chest pain • Cellular – pertaining to cells • Deltoid – resembling a triangle, rotator cuff, muscle in shoulder
Questions?