medical terminology word parts are the key. prefix - root - suffix all medical terms can be broken...
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MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY
WORD PARTS ARE THE KEY
PREFIX - ROOT - SUFFIXAll medical terms can be broken
down into word parts. The three word parts that you will be concerned with are the PREFIX, the ROOT, and the SUFFIX.
Usually, only two of these parts are present in a medical term.
KEY PART #1
The main body or basic component of a word is called the ______ or _______ word.
ROOT – (STEM)
ROOTS All words have a ROOT. Even
everyday words have ROOTs. In medical terms such as hepatomone, gastrotome, and arthrotome, the hepat (meaning liver), gastr (meaning stomach), and arthr (meaning joint) are the _________.
ROOTS
COMBINING FORM The part of the word which gives the basic
meaning to the word is called the ___________.
ROOT Words with a back slash/ and a combining
vowel are called _________ _________. COMBINING FORM
COMBINING VOWELS
Certain combinations of stems are hard to pronounce. This awkwardness of pronunciation makes it necessary to insert a vowel called a combining vowel.
Usually the combining vowel is an ‘o,’ but occasionally it may be ‘a,’ ‘e,’ ‘i,’ ‘u,’ or ‘y.’
COMBINING VOWEL RULES1. ALWAYS USED BETWEEN ROOT
WORDS
2. USED WHEN SUFFIX HAS CONSONANT FIRST
3. NOT USED BETWEEN PREFIX + ROOT
4. NOT USED WHEN SUFFIX HAS VOWEL FIRST
Key Part #2 - PREFIXThe ______ is the part of
the word which comes _________ the root.
PREFIXBEFORE
PREFIX CATEGORIES Location TimeAmountColor Negation SizePosition
LOCATION PREFIXES intra-/endo- __________ within/inside em-/en- __________ within/inside inter- __________ between/among peri- __________ surrounding ec-/ecto- __________ outside retro __________ behind, back of post __________ after, behind supra/hyper _________ above/excessive sub-/hypo __________ below/less/under
TIME PREFIXES ante- ________ before, in front of
pre- ________ before, in front of
intra ________ within, inside
post _________ after, behind
NUMBER, AMOUNT OR COMPARISON PREFIXES
Mono
Bi/Bis Di/Diplo
Tri Quadri
Multi-/Poly Hemi-/Semi
NUMBER, AMOUNT OR COMPARISON PREFIXES
Hypo- Hyper-
Tachy- Brady-
Oligo-
COLOR PREFIXES RHYME An Invitation to Your Love Oh! Beauty rare with eyes cyano, Shimmering, shining hair melano, Pearly teeth, and lips erythro, Cheeks where only peaches will grow, Warm and lovely skin so leuko, Come sit with me and read a book-oh?
SIZE AND POSITION PREFIXES
Micro
Macro
Mega
PREFIXES AT WORKEmesis is a stem which means
vomit. Hyper is a prefix which means
excessiveExcessive vomiting =
__________.Hyperemesis (hi'per-em'e-sis)
PREFIXES AT WORKThe prefix intra- means inside
or within. Within the abdomen =
_____________intra-abdominal (in'trah-ab-
dom'i-nal)
PREFIXES AT WORKEm- and en- are also prefixes
which mean within or insidePus inside a body cavity =
________________________.Empyema (em'pi-e'mah)
PREFIXES AT WORKEndo- is also a prefix meaning
within or inside. Metro is the root meaning uterus. Inflammation inside the uterus =
___________ Endometritis (en'do-me-tri'tis)
PREFIXES AT WORKInter- is a prefix meaning
between. The root, costal, means ribs.muscles within the ribs =
___________.intercostal (in'ter-kos'tal
PREFIXES AT WORKPeri- is a prefix which means
around or surrounding.Cardio is the stem for heart.
inflammation around the heart = __________.
Pericarditis,per'i-kar-di'tis
PREFIXES AT WORKEc- and ecto- are prefixes which
mean out and outside Pertaining to a pregnancy which
occurs outside the uterine cavity = __________.
ectopic ek-top'ik
PREFIXES AT WORKRetro- and post- are prefixes
which mean behind. located behind the heartsituated behind the nose.Retrocardial ret'ro-kar'de-alPostnasalpost-na'zal
PREFIXES AT WORK
Let’s play
BINGO!
PREFIX QUIZ The prefix "sub" in the word subcutaneous
means: Joint Rib Under Over
Under
PREFIX QUIZ The prefix "brady" in the word bradycardia
means: Fast Low Slow Few
Slow
PREFIX QUIZ The prefix "hydro" in the word hydrophobia
means: Gas Water Air Liquid
Water
PREFIX QUIZ The prefix "a" in the word afebrile means:
Without Within Around In
Without
PREFIX QUIZ The prefix "tachy" in the word tachycardia
means: Low Moderate Fast Slow
Fast
PREFIX QUIZ The prefix "erythro" in the word erythrocyte
means: Red Black Blue White
Red
PREFIX QUIZ The prefix "an" in the word anesthesia
means: Without In Within With
Without
PREFIX QUIZ The prefix "em" in the word empyema
means: Out In Between Under
In
PREFIX QUIZ The prefix "oligo" in the word oliguria
means: Many/much Small Large Few/scanty
Few/scanty
KEY WORD PART #3 - SUFFIX
The ______ is the part of the word which comes _________ the root.
SUFFIXAFTER
PATHOLOGY SUFFIXES
itis – inflammation oma, cele - tumor osis, ago, esis, ia, iasis – condition/disease malacia – abnormal softening mega(ly) – abnormal enlargement scler/o – abnormal hardening sten/o – abnormal narrowing necr/o – dead
DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES Gastrocele - gas'tro-sel Hernia or protrusion of the stomach
DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES EMIA = BLOOD
LEUKEMIA =
ANEMIA =
HYPO/HYPERGLYCEMIA =
DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES Ectasis, ectasia =
dilation, dilatation, or expansion
DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXESIs, iasis = condition,
formation or presence
of
Nephrolithiasis = nef'ro-li-thi'ah-sis
DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES Itis = inflammation
Encephalitis =
DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES Chondr/o = cartilage Chondromalacia =
DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES Hepatosplenomegaly =
hep'ah-to-sple'no-meg'ah-le
DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES Arteriosclerosis =
DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES Lipo = fat Lipoma =
DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES disease is - pathy
nu-rop'ah-the
DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES The suffix for prolapse or downward
displacement is ptosis.
blef'ah-ro-to'sis
DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES The suffix for rupture is -rrhexis. Cardiiiorrhexis =
kar'de-o-rek'sis
DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES trophy - Growth or nourishment Hypertrophy = hi-per'tro-fe
DIAGNOSIS SUFFIXES fear – phobia
Hydrophobia =
PROCEDURE SUFFIXES ectomy - removal or
excision salpingo = tube oophoro = ovary salpingo-
oophorectomy =
PROCEDURE SUFFIXES -stomy = surgical creation of an artificial
opening colostomy = ko-los'to-me
PROCEDURE SUFFIXES
binding or fixation is -desis
Arthrodesis= ar'thro-de'sis
PROCEDURE SUFFIXES suspension or fixation = -pexy. orchiopexy = or'ke-o-pek'se
PROCEDURE SUFFIXES plastic repair = -plasty. Tympano = eardrum Tympanoplasty = tim'pah-no-plas'te
PROCEDURE SUFFIXES -centesis = puncture Arthrocentesis =
PROCEDURE SUFFIXES tomy - incision or
cutting into Laparotomy =
PROCEDURE SUFFIXES -rrhaphy = suture
SYMPTOMATIC SUFFIXES algia = pain. Dentalgia -genic = producing or originating. Pyogenic -lysis = destruction or breakdown
Hemolysis rrhagia = excessive flow or discharge.
Hemorrhage excessive discharge or flow = -rrhea.
Diarrhea
SYMPTOMATIC SUFFIXES Algia = pain
SYMPTOMATIC SUFFIXES Lysis = destruction or breakdown
SYMPTOMATIC SUFFIXES Rrhagia = bursting forth with excessive flow
or discharge
SYMPTOMATIC SUFFIXES Rrhea = flow or discharge
SYMPTOMATIC SUFFIXES Penia = deficiency or decrease
SYMPTOMATIC SUFFIXES Spasm = involuntary contraction
PERTAINING TO SUFFIXES
-ic = pertaining to -ac = pertaining to -al = pertaining to -ar = pertaining to
Examples – intercostal, cardiac, vascular, dermatotrophic
SUFFIXES QUIZ The suffix "-osis" in the word dermatophytosis means:
Drooping Condition Dilation Growing
SUFFIXES QUIZ The suffix "-megaly" in the word hepatosplenomegaly means:
Softening Enlargement Swelling Hardening
SUFFIXES QUIZ The suffix "-iasis" in the word nephrolithiasis means:
Suspension/fixation Protrusion/swelling Growth/nourishment Condition/presence of
SUFFIXES QUIZ The suffix "-ectomy" in the word salpingo-oophorectomy means:
Opening of Excision of Inspection of Suspension of
SUFFIXES QUIZ
The suffix "-ic" in the word otoscopic means:
pertaining to softening of condition of repair of
SUFFIXES QUIZ
The suffix "-centesis" in the word arthrocentesis means:
Originating in Pertaining to Puncture of Destruction of
SUFFIXES QUIZ
The suffix "-malacia" in the word chondromalacia means:
Hardening Producing Flowing Softening
SUFFIXES QUIZ
The suffix "-desis" in the word arthrodesis means:
Puncture Fixation Dilation Enlargement
SUFFIXES QUIZ The suffix "-ar" in the word cardiovascular
means:
Nourishment of Inspection of Pertaining to Softening of
SUFFIXES QUIZ The suffix "-phobia" in the word hydrophobia means:
Disease of Fear of Like of Opening of
MED TERM CONFUSION??? EPONYM OR ACRONYM ILEUM OR ILIUM ARTERI/O, ATHER/O OR ARTHR/O INFECTION OR INFLAMMATION SIGN OR SYMPTOM DIAGNOSIS OR PROGNOSIS MUCOUS OR MUCUS LACERATION OR LESION
MED TERM CONFUSION??? MYC/O, MYEL/O OR MY/O OLOGIST OR OLOGY OSTOMY OR OTOMY PALPATION OR PALPITATION PROSTATE OR PROSTRATE PYEL/O, PY/O OR PYR/O SUPINATION OR SUPPURATION VIRAL OR VIRILE
WORD PARTS – MED TERM
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