mediendienste über lte: techniküberblick und kapazität · ›mch is transmitted over mbsfn in...
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Mediendienste über LTE:
Techniküberblick und Kapazität
Jörg Huschke Master reseracher, Ericsson research
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 2
Outline
› Mobile TV market trend
› LTE landscape
› eMBMS overview:
Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service for LTE
› Conclusion
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 3
Mobile tv
market Trend
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 4
External market report
• Mobile TV services generated only $2.1 billion in revenue worldwide in 2009 due to flat subscriber
growth from the economic recession and discounted service pricing
• The revenues will grow at a healthy 52% CAGR from $2.5 billion in 2010 to $20.5 billion in 2015
• Mobile cellular TV subscriptions will contribute 95.1% ($19.5 billion) to the total revenues in 2015
• Mobile broadcast TV subscriptions will contribute 4.9% ($1.0 billion) to the total revenues in 2015
Mobile Consumer Research Service © 2010 ABI Research abiresearch.com The material contained herein is for the individual use of the purchasing Licensee and may not be distributed
to any other person or entity by such Licensee including, without limitation, to persons within the same corporate or other entity as such Licensee,
without the express written permission of Licensor.
Mobile TV Revenue by Service Type
World Market, Forecast: 2008 to 2015
0.0
5,000.0
10,000.0
15,000.0
20,000.0
25,000.0
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Revenue (
$ M
illio
ns)
Mobile Broadcast TV Services
Mobile Cellular TV Services
Source: ABI Research
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 5
Live TV
(Consumers) Viewing behavior
Migration between access technologies
DVR/TiVo
Streaming
Blu-Ray/
DVD
Broadcast TV Broadcast TV
Downloading
Majority of non-live TV/Video consumption will be streamed
Source: Ericsson ConsumerLab MSMC-study 2010,
Multi Screen Media Consumption study
notes
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 6
(Consumers) Viewing behavior
Migration between access technologies
Majority of non-live TV/Video consumption will be streamed
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 7
Ericsson's activities in The Mobile TV Services
Domain
Ericsson Streaming
Server
(ESS) (NIN, Streaming
Server, Webserver )
TV-Application
(TV-AS) (Podcast, VoD shop,
Interactivity, Subscription
ESG aggretor and distributor,
Databases)
IP
Live
Encoders
CMS node
(MSDP & Content
storage)
Offline
Encoders
Browser
based
client
Ericsson Mobile TV offering
Service Architecture (ECDS)
AGW eNB
› (Re)-encoders/Multiplexer
– Video Processor Chassis VPC
› All IP
› Re-encoder MPEG2 SD/HD MPEG4 SD/HD
– Multiplexer
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 8
LTE Landscape
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 9
CDMA Track (3GPP2)
GSM Track (3GPP)
2001 2005 2008 2010
LTE FDD and TDD
GSM WCDMA HSPA
TD-SCDMA
CDMA One EVDO Rev A
Mobile System Evolution Global Support
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 10
LTE is gaining momentum
Source: GSA – Global mobile Suppliers Association: September 2011
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 11
Commercial LTE Speed evolution
2009
2010
2014
20MHz
Peak rate ~50 Mbps ~150 Mbps ~1000 Mbps
Typical user rate downlink 5-30 Mbps 10-100 Mbps Operator dependent
Typical user rate uplink 1-10 Mbps 5-50 Mbps Operator dependent
- carrier aggregation
- higher order MIMO
- eNB cooperation
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 12
smartphone success story
› Sold smartphone units increased 72% in 2010
› Predicted compound average growth rate 2009-2014: 22-40%
depending on region
› Today smartphones are 3G, tomorrow will include LTE
2009 2010
mobile devices 1,211,239,600 1,596,802,400
thereof: smartphones 172,376,100 296,646,600
source: Gartner
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 13
unic
astV
ideoC
apa\a
ddre
ssM
ark
et [0
7-M
ar-
2011 0
7:5
5:2
9]
0 20 40 60 80 100 1200
100
200
300
400
500
addre
ssable
mark
et penetr
atio
n [%
of subscriber
base]
active time per user and 18h day [min]
Unicast streaming capacity
› 20000 inhabitants/km2; site-to-site distance 500m; 4 operators
–360 inhabitants / sector / operator
› 10MHz; 1b/s/Hz (conservative); 512kb/s/user
–streaming capacity: 20 users / cell; 5% blocking 15.2 Erlang
› Usage spread uniformly over a 18 hour day
› Example:
– active time over 18h:
45min
– addressable market penetration:
100%
› Could have assumed 20 Erlang capacity in
case of 20MHz and some "overflow"
streaming traffic may steal from best effort.
› This is for Release 8. For Release 9 with
e.g. MU-MIMO capacity is higher.
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 14
Broadcasting and Unicasting domains
Program channel
Broadcasting for the ”head”,
in particular for live events MBMS
• 85% of all video watched is pre-recorded
• still a need for live television - like sporting events and
emergencies
• but increasingly, content to be watched when suitable
Re
lative
usa
ge
Unicasting for the ”long tail”,
and the tail will be longer
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 15
eMBMS Overview
Multimedia Broadcast/Mulitcast
Service for LTE
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 16
MBMS Codecs/Service Layer tools
› CODECs: H.264, E-AAC+ or AMR-WB+
› Streaming delivery method for continuous reception – Re-use of existing Streaming Protocols (i.e. RTP)
› Download delivery method for file distribution – IETF file distribution protocols FLUTE and ALC
› Auxiliary functions for Content transmission methods – Post transmission File Repair function
– Reception Reporting for files and streams
› Service access protection – Terminal/user authentication
– Key Management via MIKEY
› FEC (Raptor code) on application layer supported – enables further reduced IP packet error rates
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 17
MBMS overall architecture
› BM-SC (broadcast multicast service center)
– MBMS user service initiation and delivery
– Specifies MBMS Service Areas
– Charging
› MBMS-GW (MBMS gateway)
– Broadcasts MBMS packets to each eNB
transmitting the service on M1 interface
› MCE (Multi-cell Coordination Entity)
– Physical resource allocation, MCS
– Controls multiplexing of MBMS services
– Admission control
M1 M2
M3
LTE RAN
Content Provider
BM-SC MBMS
GW
eNB eNB
MCE MME CP
UP
LTE Core Network
› Control plane interfaces
– M3: MBMS session management
– M2: MBMS session management and radio
configuration
› User plane interface M1
– IP multicast to deliver the downlink packets
– SYNC protocol for content synchronization
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 18
MBMS radio Interface characteristics
› Uses OFDM, like DVB-T
– OFDM parameters differ, LTE optimized for very high user mobility at
2.6GHz and above, based on rather low cellular transmitter separation
– Longer guard interval than for LTE unicast, to avoid inter symbol
interference from neighbor cells
› MBMS uses Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) transmission
› Supported for FDD and TDD LTE
› LTE-MBSFN time multiplexed with unicast traffic
– in contrast, MBSFN for UMTS requires dedicated carrier
introduction of MBSFN in LTE significantly easier than for UMTS
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 19
MBMS service area / MBSFN AREA
› MBMS Service Area allows service distribution in target regions
› eNBs transmitting MBSFN are required to be synchronized in time
› Overlap between MBSFN areas is supported
– Enables local, regional, and national services
› Small cells enable reusing same radio resource for different service
with little geographical separation (facilitates cross border coordination)
› Counting of MBMS interested UEs in connected mode for semi-static
activation/deactivation of eMBMS session per MBSFN area
MBSFN Area MBSFN Area MBSFN Area
MBMS Service Area A
MBSFN Area
MBSFN Area
MBMS Service Area B
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 20
MBMS channels
› Downlink channels related to MBMS
– MCCH Multicast Control Channel
– MTCH Multicast Traffic Channel
– MCH Multicast Channel
– PMCH Physical Multicast Channel
› A single transport block is used per subframe
› Different services (MTCHs) can be multiplexed in this transport block
› MCH is transmitted over MBSFN in specific subframes on physical layer
› MCH is a downlink only channel (no HARQ, no RLC repetitions)
› The MCS of a PMCH is fixed in the MBSFN area and selected by the network
› Multiple MCHs per MBSFN are supported
MTCHMCCH
MCH DL-SCHTransport
Channels
Logical
Channels
Physical
ChannelsPMCH PDSCH
LCID=0 LCID=0…28MTCHMCCH
MCH DL-SCHTransport
Channels
Logical
Channels
Physical
ChannelsPMCH PDSCH
LCID=0 LCID=0…28
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 21
TDM of Unicast and MBMS
› TDM principle
– MBSFN is not transmitted in subframes 0, 4, 5 and 9 (FDD)
and subframes 0, 1, 5, 6 (TDD)
– The subframe ratio available for MBMS ranges from 1/320 to 192/320 (=60%)
– A 10/40ms pattern repeats over {1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32} radio frames
Single cell control channels
1 or 2 OFDM symbols Multi-cell transmission
10 or 11 OFDM symbols
Full Bandwidth
1 Subframe = 1 ms
t
One radio frame = 10ms
Unicast transmission
MBMS transmission
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3
Time
perspective
f
MBSFN RS
+
MBMS Data
One Subframe
R S
/ P C
F I C
H /
P D
C C
H / P
H I C
H
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 22
Performance of MBSFN
Summary of MBSFN performance, dedicated carrier (TR 25.912)
Deployment
Case
Spectrum
Efficiency
[bps/Hz]
Inter-site Distance @
1bps/Hz
[m]
1 3.13 1619
2 3.02 2310
3 0.99 1619
4 3.18 4375
Case Band
(MHz)
Site to site
distance
(m)
Speed
(kph)
1 2000 500 3
2 2000 500 30
3 2000 1732 3
4 900 1000 3
Simulation assumptions
R1-070674: "LTE physical layer framework for performance verification" Orange, China Mobile, KPN, NTT DoCoMo, Sprint, T-Mobile, Vodafone, Telecom Italia.
# HDTV programs at
8Mb/s in 20MHz:
1b/s/Hz: 2-3
3b/s/Hz: 7-8
shared carrier capacity
is 50% lower
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 23
Conclusions
› Large variety and huge volume of 3G mobile multimedia terminals
– smartphones, laptop dongles and embedded modules, tablets
› LTE is the next technology step that will be integrated into all
these device types
› LTE provides the capacity for high quality unicast video streaming
› LTE cells are very small; for mobile usage, broadcasting is more
efficient than unicasting only for very popular, e.g. live content
– broadcasting also well suited for Podcasting / client-side caching
› eMBMS is an integral part of LTE and well suited for mobile
multimedia broadcasting
› LTE in 800MHz will provide very good coverage also for eMBMS,
even indoors
– regulatory requirements to provide coverage in rural areas in some
countries
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 25
Main references
› Feasibility study for evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and Universal Terrestrial Radio
Access Network (UTRAN)
http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/25912.htm
› Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access
Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2
http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/36300.htm
› Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical channels and modulation
http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/36211.htm
› Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Radio Resource Control (RRC); Protocol
specification
http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/36331.htm
› Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); General aspects and principles for
interfaces supporting Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) within E-UTRAN
http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/36440.htm
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 26
MBMS Signaling - Control Plane
Radio Resource Configuration
› MCH subframe allocation
– All MCHs within one MBSFN area use Common Subframe
Allocation (CSA) pattern (same structure as SIB2 SAP)
– Per MCH “consecutive” allocation within one CSA period
– Configuration of CSA period: fine granularity for each MCH vs.
increased interleaving and shorter delay
MCH allocation within CSA period
MCH-3 end MCH-1 end
#1 #3 #2 #4 #9 #11 #10 #12 #15 #16
MCH-1 / MCS-1 MCH-2 / MCS-2 MCS-3
MCH-2 end
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 27
Evolution of LTE
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 28
LTE drive tests STockholm
throughput:
average: 30-60Mb/s
peak: 100Mb/s
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Ericsson Confidential | © Ericsson AB 2011 | 2011-10-27 | Page 29
Main system characteristics
System parameter DVB-H E-MBMS
transmission scheme OFDM OFDM
modulation constellations QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
radio channel bandwidth [MHz] 5 / 6 / 7 / 8 1.4 / 3 / 5 / 10 / 15 / 20
subcarrier spacing [kHz] 1 / 2 / 4 7.5 / 15
symbol duration T [s] 224 / 448 / 896 67 / 133
guard interval 1/32·T … 1/4·T 1/4·T or 4.67s
FEC
- physical layer channel coding convolutional, rate 1/2 … 7/8 Turbo, rate from 1/3
RS (204,188,8) code
- IP packet level "MPE-FEC":
RS block size 0.5 - 2Mbit
Raptor
time diversity
- physical layer max 896s 1ms (TTI length)
- IP layer FEC max 5s depending on MPE-FEC
parameters and service bitrate
Virtually no limits from Raptor
code. Only limited by delay.
frequency diversity (phy layer) over entire occupied bandwidth over entire occupied bandwidth