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Medieval Era

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Page 1: Medieval Era - History 101 · Medieval Era . Terms •Commercial Revolution •Courtly love/ Chivalric Literature •Troubadours •Gothic architecture •Abelard •Cathedral Schools

Medieval Era

Page 2: Medieval Era - History 101 · Medieval Era . Terms •Commercial Revolution •Courtly love/ Chivalric Literature •Troubadours •Gothic architecture •Abelard •Cathedral Schools

Terms

• Commercial Revolution

• Courtly love/ Chivalric Literature

• Troubadours

• Gothic architecture

• Abelard

• Cathedral Schools

• Universities

• Scholastic Method

• Magna Carta

• Fourth Latern Council

• Transubstantiation

• Representative Assemblies – Parliament

– Estates General

Page 3: Medieval Era - History 101 · Medieval Era . Terms •Commercial Revolution •Courtly love/ Chivalric Literature •Troubadours •Gothic architecture •Abelard •Cathedral Schools

Urban Growth and Commercial Revolution

• Improvements in Agriculture – Three-Field System

– Heavy Plough

• Move towards cities

• Guilds

• Medieval City – Walled

– Center consists of a cathedral, abbey, or church

– Occupational diversity

– Population density

– Sustained markets

Page 4: Medieval Era - History 101 · Medieval Era . Terms •Commercial Revolution •Courtly love/ Chivalric Literature •Troubadours •Gothic architecture •Abelard •Cathedral Schools

Education

• Students - studeo-ere

• Three main areas of study

– Trivium

– Quadrivium

– Theology

• Abelard and Heloise

– “Logical” approach

– Scholastic method – Lectio, Disputatio

Page 5: Medieval Era - History 101 · Medieval Era . Terms •Commercial Revolution •Courtly love/ Chivalric Literature •Troubadours •Gothic architecture •Abelard •Cathedral Schools

Universities

• University of Bologna 1088

• University of Oxford ~1096

• University of Paris ~1150

• Addition of medicine, law, and the arts to curriculum.

Page 6: Medieval Era - History 101 · Medieval Era . Terms •Commercial Revolution •Courtly love/ Chivalric Literature •Troubadours •Gothic architecture •Abelard •Cathedral Schools

Literature

• Chivalric Literature

• Courtly Love

• Troubadors

• Vernacular Literature

– Dante's Divine Comedy 1313-1321 – will actually lead us into the Italian Renaissance

– Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales 1380s.

Page 7: Medieval Era - History 101 · Medieval Era . Terms •Commercial Revolution •Courtly love/ Chivalric Literature •Troubadours •Gothic architecture •Abelard •Cathedral Schools

Gothic Architecture

https://c2.staticflickr.com/8/7103/7276385146_00ac1521dd_z.jpg

Cologne Cathedral

Page 8: Medieval Era - History 101 · Medieval Era . Terms •Commercial Revolution •Courtly love/ Chivalric Literature •Troubadours •Gothic architecture •Abelard •Cathedral Schools

PARISEUS. Here, Christ answers a pharisee's question "And who is my neighbor" in the parable of the Good Samaritan in the Gospel of Luke

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Good_Samaritan_Window,_Chartres_Cathedral#/media/File:Christ_telling_the_Good_Samaritan_parable_to_a_couple_Pharisees.jpg

Page 9: Medieval Era - History 101 · Medieval Era . Terms •Commercial Revolution •Courtly love/ Chivalric Literature •Troubadours •Gothic architecture •Abelard •Cathedral Schools

Bakers’ Window Chartres Cathedral

http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-qkLv_LkuOxk/U3nsg4jaNGI/AAAAAAAAN24/N0AxwxnbJEU/s1600/P1320496.jpg

Page 10: Medieval Era - History 101 · Medieval Era . Terms •Commercial Revolution •Courtly love/ Chivalric Literature •Troubadours •Gothic architecture •Abelard •Cathedral Schools

Magna Carta

• Richard I (r.1189-1199)

• King John (r.1199-1216)

– Loss of Territory in France

– Individual resistance – Fulk Fitzwarin

– Group Resistance – Barons and 1215 Magna Carta

Page 11: Medieval Era - History 101 · Medieval Era . Terms •Commercial Revolution •Courtly love/ Chivalric Literature •Troubadours •Gothic architecture •Abelard •Cathedral Schools

Fourth Latern Council (1215)

• Must attend Mass, and confess sins at least once a year

• Transubstantiation

• Jews required to wear outward sign of their faith

• Decree against heretics -> Inquisition

Page 12: Medieval Era - History 101 · Medieval Era . Terms •Commercial Revolution •Courtly love/ Chivalric Literature •Troubadours •Gothic architecture •Abelard •Cathedral Schools

Western Schism

• Pope Boniface VIII versus England and France

• Taxation of church land

• Papal bull Unam Sanctum 1302

• Papacy in Avignon until 1378

Page 13: Medieval Era - History 101 · Medieval Era . Terms •Commercial Revolution •Courtly love/ Chivalric Literature •Troubadours •Gothic architecture •Abelard •Cathedral Schools

Representative Assemblies

• 1302 – French representative assembly -> Estates General

• 1216 – Evolution of English Parliament