meeting nfpa 1710: using gis to model ideal fire station allocation 2009 ohio gis conference...
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Meeting NFPA 1710: Using GIS to Model Ideal Fire Station Allocation
2009 Ohio GIS Conference
September 16-18, 2009
Crowne Plaza North Hotel
Columbus, Ohio
2009 Ohio GIS Conference
September 16-18, 2009
Crowne Plaza North Hotel
Columbus, Ohio
Jennifer Weisser
GIS Coordinator
Deerfield Township
Randall W. Hanifen
Adjunct Professor/Fire Officer
University of Cincinnati/ Deerfield Township
Project Beginnings
• Fire station locations– Where to locate a new station?– Where to relocate a station?
Interdepartmental Solutions
• Need expertise from both GIS and Fire Departments to approach this project
• Building relationships with other governmental entities to facilitate data exchange
Fire Literature
• 1710: 4.1.2.1 time objectives for call response
• 1710: Appendix A explanation of standard language– 90% of calls within 6 minute response
• 1 minute dispatch time• 1 minute turnout time• 4 minute drive time
– Fractile vs. average• 90% fractile is 5.5 minutes• Average is 3.5 minutes
Fire Literature
• Fire Protection Handbook 20th edition volume 2 section 12 chapter 13: GIS for fire station locations and response protocols (AKA ESRI white paper)– Incident analysis– Travel time modeling– Importance of response time fire & EMS– Fire department total reflex time sequence dispatch
time, turnout time, response time, access time & setup time
– Reducing response times• NFPA 1221 standard for installation
maintenance & use of emergency services communication
Measuring DistanceEuclidean Network
Data - Street Network
• Clean geometry• One-way designations• Hierarchies• Speed limits• Segment distance• Conversions & calculations
– Length_miles = Shape_length/5280– Minutes = Length_miles*(60/speed_limit)
Data - Turning Penalties
Analysis Settings
Service Area Generation
Service Area GenerationNo Trim Trimmed
Service Area GenerationDetailed Polygons Generalized Polygons
Statistical Verification of Model
• Paired t-test– To compare historical call times (reality) to
calculated response time (model)– Objective keep null hypothesis
Service Areas
Model Applications
• Calculate the existing service areas for the current configuration of fire stations
• Alternative scenarios of fire station arrangements
• Impact of preempting devices on service areas
• Evaluation of emergency response zone borders & mutual aid with other jurisdictions
• Location allocation• Assisting with the accreditation process
Contact Info
Jennifer Weisser
513-701-6967
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Randall W. Hanifen
513-266-6124