meilana dharma putra - scientific manuscript fixed.pdf
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Introduction: Writing Article?
Mengapa Perlu Menulis Artikel Ilmiah??
Karya ilmiah (bahasa Inggris : scientific paper ) adalah laporan tertulis danditerbitkan yang memaparkan hasil penelitian atau pengkajian yang telah dilakukanoleh seseorang atau sebuah tim dengan memenuhi kaidah dan etika keilmuan yangdikukuhkan dan ditaati oleh masyarakat keilmuan.
Definisi:
“It is a generative activity requiring motivation, and it is an intellectual
Mengungkapkan pemikiran atau hasil penelitiannya
Berkontribusi dalam menyebarkan ilmu pengetahuan yang didapat
Membuktikan potensi dan wawasan ilmiah
Memperluas cakrawala ilmu pengetahuan
Sebagai bahan acuan atau pijakan untuk penelitian selanjutnya
Memperoleh kepuasan intelektual
“It’s easier to embalm the dead than to write an article about it” (Paul Silvia)
Manfaat dan Tujuan:
act v ty requ r ng cogn t ve processes an memory
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Introduction: Writing Article?
SCOPUS: Indonesia vs Thailand
http://wibirama.staff.ugm.ac.id/2013/01/24/sunu-wibirama-peringkat-perguruan-tinggi-indonesia-di-scopus/ 3
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Introduction: Writing Article?
SCOPUS: Indonesia vs Malaysia
http://wibirama.staff.ugm.ac.id/2013/01/24/sunu-wibirama-peringkat-perguruan-tinggi-indonesia-di-scopus/ 4
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Introduction: Writing Article?
SCOPUS: Indonesia vs Singapore
http://wibirama.staff.ugm.ac.id/2013/01/24/sunu-wibirama-peringkat-perguruan-tinggi-indonesia-di-scopus/ 5
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Introduction: Writing Article?
Meskipun menulis Jurnal Internasional berat, janganpernah takut untuk memulai..
Hasil penelitian yang biasa terkadang bisa menjadiberkualitas..
Lebih baik memilih Jurnal Internasional daripada Jurnal Nasional bereputasi
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Introduction: Writing Article?
Langkah-langkah dalam Menulis Sebuah Artikel
1. Make Time Table to Write2. Start with an Outline3. Decide the Journal to submit
4. Continue With Drafts . .
4. B. Writing Results Section4. C. Writing Introduction4. D. Discussion of the Results4. E. Check Reference4. F. Abstract4. G. Title
5. Revision Strategies
6. Submission Strategies Kallestinova, 2011 7
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Membuat Jadwal untuk menulis Artikel
Tepati Jadwal tersebut dengan konsisten
1 Make Time Table to Write
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Apa Topik artikel saya?
Mengapa Topik tersebut penting?
2 Start with an Outline
Bagaimana Saya dapat memformulasikan Hipotesa saya?
Apa hasil-hasil penelitian saya (results)?
Apa temuan utama dari hasil penelitian saya?
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Mengapa penelitian ini penting?
Apa saja yang perlu diketahui dari Topik penelitian tersebut?
Apa hipotesis dari penelitian ini?
Apa tujuan dari penelitian ini?
2 Start with an Outline
Introduction
Kebutuhan Energi meningkat disamping menipisnya energi fosil,;Singkong murah, melimpah, jumlah produksi didunia
Penelitian-penelitan berkenaan proses membentuk bioethanol dariSingkong; pengaruh suhu, pengaruh pengadukan
Lietaratur berkenaan dengan pengaruh suhu pengadukan
Mengetahui efek suhu dan pengadukan terhadap produksibioethanol; belum pernah dilakukan; penting untuk masyarakat dandunia Industri
Effect of Temperature and Agitation on Bioethanol Production from Cassava
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Material apa yang digunakan?
Apa saja prosedur yang harus dilakukan?
Siapa subjek dari penelitian ini?
Apa desain dari penelitian ini?
2 Start with an Outline
Materials and Methods
Singkong, Microorganism yang digunakan (beli dimana)
Metode dan prosedur dalam melakukan proses produksi bioethanol
Analisis Bioethanol??
Alat-alat yang digunakan
Effect of Temperature and Agitation on Bioethanol Production from Cassava
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Apa hasil yang paling signifikan dalam penelitian ini?
Apa hasil pendukung dalam penelitian ini?
2 Start with an Outline
Results
Discussion and Conclusions
Apa temuan utama bandingkan dengan literatur yang ada
Apa imlpikasi dari signifikan hasil yang didapat? Tambahkan literatur-
literatur
NB: Jabarkan hasil, diskusikan hasil dengan literatur yang ada, jelaskanmengapa terjadi kontradiksi hasil
Rule: Create a detailed outline and discuss it with your mentor and peers 12
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Scope
Quality
3 Decide the Journal to submit
Jurnal-jurnal yang terindeks di Scopus: scimagojr.com
Guideline
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Menulis jabaran dari outline yang sudah ada
Tuliskan apa saja ide-ide yang ada dikepala
Jangan fikirkan grammar dan sentence
Memperbaiki grammar dan kalimat setelah ide-ide sudah
4 Continue With Drafts
uang an semua an ra su a eng ap
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4 A Writing Materials and Methods
Your most important goal in this section is to be as explicitas possible by providing enough detail and references
The purpose of this section is to allow other researchers to
evaluate and repeat your work
Example:1a. Bacteria were pelleted by centrifugation.1b. To isolate T cells, lymph nodes were collected.
2a. Bacteria were pelleted by centrifugation at 3000g for 15 min at 25°C.
2b. To isolate T cells, mediastinal and mesenteric lymph nodes fromBalb/c mice were collected at day 7 after immunization withovabumin. 15
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4 A Writing Materials and Methods
If your method has previously been published and is well-known, then you should provide only the literaturereference (Ex. 3a).
3a. Stem cells were isolated, according to Johnson [23].
If your method is unpublished, then you need to make sure
you provide all essential details (Ex. 3b).
3b. Stem cells were isolated using biotinylated carbon nanotubescoated with anti-CD34 antibodies.
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4 A Writing Materials and Methods
Cantumkan pada instrumen/alat yang digunakan: model,kota, negara; ex: autoclave sterilizer (Astell AMB230N,Sidcup, Kent, UK).
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4 A Writing Materials and Methods
Memberikan kemudahan didalam membaca, yaitu tidakmengubah sentence dari pasif ke aktif dst..
4. Behavioral computer-based experiments of Study 1 were programmed by using E-Prime. We took ratings of enjoyment,mood, and arousal as the patients listened to preferred pleasant music and unpreferred music by using Visual Analogue Scales (SIMethods). The preferred and unpreferred status of the music wasoperationalized along a continuum of pleasantness [4].
5a. We programmed behavioral computer-based experiments of Study 1 by using E-Prime. We took ratings of enjoyment, mood,and arousal by using Visual Analogue Scales (SI Methods) as the patients listened to preferred pleasantmusic and unpreferredmusic.We operationalized the preferred and unpreferred status of themusic along a continuum of pleasantness.
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4 A Writing Materials and Methods
Memberikan kemudahan didalam membaca, yaitu tidakmengubah sentence dari pasif ke aktif dst..
5b. Behavioral computer-based experiments of Study 1 were programmed by using E-Prime. Ratings of enjoyment, mood, and
arousal were taken asthe patientslistened to preferred pleasant
NB:Penggunaan Kalimat Pasif lebih diutamakan dibandingkan kalimataktif Grammar yang digunakan harus dalam bentuk Past Tense bukanPresent Tense
Methods). The preferred and unpreferred status of the music wasoperationalized along a continuum of pleasantness.
Rule: Be meticulous and accurate in describing the Materials and
Methods. Do not change the point of view within one paragraph. 19
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4 B Writing Results Section
Dibagi kedalam beberapa subdivis/subseksi/sekmen yangmasing2nya mempresentasikan tujuan dari penelitian.
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4 B Writing Results Section
Data dipresentasikan dalam text maupun visual (tabel,gambar, algoritma, skema, rumus)Gambar harus sesuai Guideline
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4 B Writing Results Section
Data dipresentasikan dalam text maupun visual (tabel,gambar, algoritma, skema, rumus)Gambar harus sesuai Guideline
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4 B Writing Results Section
Data yang dipresentasikan jelas dan tidak membingungkanFormat Tabel harus sesuai GuidelineJangan ada referensi di Table Caption (Judul Tabel)
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4 B Writing Results Section
Teks mengomentari hasil data yang signifikanTidak mengulangi data visual, tapi menghighlight poinyang paling penting
Awali Gambar dan Tabel pada teks dengan penjelasan
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4 B Writing Results Section
Jika temuan hasil penelitian bertolak belakang dengan ide, jelaskan kontradiksi tersebut
Tidak memasukkan intrepertasi data (bagian dari sesiDiscussion)
Teks tidak menyajikan informasi yang tidak relevan dan tidak
penting (Ex. 6). ,
experimental system and then describe the outcome of infection.Teks tidak menyajikan kata-kata yang terlalu meluas dan
berlebihan seperti: “clearly,” “essential,” “quite,” “basically,”
“rather,” “fairly,” “really,” and “virtually”; “much lower”, “littlebit”, “a bit bigger”7a. Table 3 clearly shows that …7b. It is obvious from figure 4 that …
Selain penggunaan kata yang terlalu banyak juga menurunkan kredibilitas hasil.Meskipun menarik perhatian pembaca tapi menurunkan objektifitas. 25
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4 B Writing Results Section
Hindari kata-kata yang membuat ambigu dan tidak berarti sertamubazir seperti: “be,” “have,” “do,” “make,” “cause,”, “provide,”dan “get” serta “there is/are.
8a. We tested the hypothesis that there is a disruption of membrane asymmetry.8b. In this paper we provide an argument that stem cellsrepopulate injured organs.
Kalimat-kalimat diatas panjang lebar tapi tidak “to thepoint”
9a. We tested the hypothesis that the membrane asymmetry isdisrupted.9b. In this paper we argue that stem cells repopulate injured organs.
Rule: Be clear, concise, and objective in describing your Results 26
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4 C Writing Introduction
Sebelum memulai Introduction, kembali baca sesi Materials andMethods serta Results kemudian ubahlah Outline sebelumnyaagar sesuai dengan fokus penelitiannya.
Introduction tidak terlalu panjang, kebanyakan jurnal sekitar250-600 kata.
Menyajikan pentingnya bidang penelitian ini, menariknya-
penelitian.
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4 C Writing Introduction
Mereview penelitian sebelumnya pada bidang penelitian ini,baik terkait dengan proses maupun berbagai efek yangmempengaruhi produksi.
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4 C Writing Introduction
Menyebutkan secara jelas tujuan penelitian ini.Mendiskripsikan keuntungan artikel ini.
Rule: Interest your reader in the Introduction sectionby signalling all its elements and stating the novelty of
the work. 29
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4 D Discussion of the Results
Bagian yang paling menakutkan sebagaimana seperti memulaiuntuk menulis.
Kualitas artikel tergantung dari sesi Discussion.Panjang pendeknya artikel tergantung dari isi Discussion.Pada pendahuluan, kita menyajikan dari general menuju
spesifik; pada Discussion, menyajikan dari ringkasan hasil.
Intinya menginterpretasikan hasil utama dari penelitian ini.Membuat sebuah komprehensif argumen dan argumen
pendukung dari berbagai literatur.
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4 D Discussion of the Results
Kebanyakan paper diawali dengan kata-kata:“Our findings demonstrate . . .,” or “In this study, we haveshown that . . .,” or “Our results suggest . . .”
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4 D Discussion of the Results
Kebanyakan Jurnal memberikan pilihan untuk menggabungkanResults and Discussion
Hasil pada Gambar
Rule: Present the principles, relationships, and generalizations in a concise and convincing tone.
s us mem awa era ur a n un u men e as an
Menjelaskan kontradiksi pada hasil penelitian disini
Diperkuat dengan hasil pada Gambar lain
Diperkuat dengan literatur lain
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4 E Check Reference
Update References pada 5 tahun terakhir (70%).References harus dari Jurnal-jurnal Internasional bukan Jurnal
NasionalKeseragaman Format References pada setiap artikelFormat References harus sesuai Guideline
Disarankan menggunakan software referensi seperti endnote
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4 F Writing Abstract
Pintu pertama layak tidaknya artikel ini diPublikasikanBagian menyendiri terpisah dari isi Artikel, jadi hindari
istilah/singkatan ambigu yang dijelaskan di isi artikelRingkasan dari isi ArtikelMencakup: Introduction, Objective, Methodology (optional
tergantung jumlah kata yang disyaratkan), Significant Results dan.
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4 F Abstract
Mencakup: Introduction, Objective, Methodology (optionaltergantung jumlah kata yang disyaratkan), Significant Results danbenefit.
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4 F Abstract
Mencakup: Terkadang tanpa Introduction, langsung objectiveObjective tidak selalu: “ The aim of this research is to..” or “This
research aims to..” or “The objective of this research is..”
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4 G Title
Buat dengan simple dan spesifik untuk mendiskripsikan kontenJangan terlalu teknis dan tidak dapat dimengertiJangan membuat seperti Kalimat:Ex.: Bioethanol was produced from date syrups using S. cerevisiaeBuat seringkas mungkin (15-30 words)
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5 Revision Strategies
Baca ulang setelah beberapa hari untuk merevisi kesalahangrammar dan kalimat
Paul Silvia said: “ Your first drafts should sound like they were hastily translated from Icelandic by a non-nativespeaker ”.
Revisi dapat dilakukan dengan: Macrostructure: revision of the organization, content, and flow
Microstructure: individual words, sentence structure,grammar, punctuation, and spelling
Menulis singkat padat dan jelas , jangan bertele-tele
Baca lagi dan revisi ulang setelah beberapa hari
Print artikelnya dan baca lagi setelah beberapa hari
Minta teman/kolega untuk membaca (jangan sampai hanya kitayang faham), kemudian revisi hasil masukan dari kolega 38
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5 Revision Strategies
Cek kesalahan pada Abstrak???
Abstract. This research aim to synthesis the superporous adsorbent from chitosanusing glutaraldehyde as a cross linker, NaHCO 3 as a porogen, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a reinforcing agent. Generally, the reaction of adsorbent synthesis wascarried out through four steps: (1) the addition of PVA to the chitosan solution, (2)
the addition of porogen, (3) the crosslinking of chitosan, and (4) the releasing of oro en. The obtained adsorbents were characterized b Fourier Trans orm In raRed (FTIR) Spectroscopy, photograph of Digital Microscope (DM), and ScanningElectron Microscopy (SEM) to measure the porosity. The adsorbent was then beapplied to adsorb of HA for adsorption capacity determination. The results showed that the addition of PVA and porogen during adsorbent synthesis has produced adsorbent that possessed physical properties more compact and flexible and the
porosity was greater than that adsorbent synthesized without the addition of PVAand porogen. The adsorption test showed the adsorption capacity of KPG is 33.07 mg/g. However, if the amount of used adsorbent is larger (based on the chitosanmass 1 g), the capacity adsorption of KPG is 141.74 mg/g. From the initial concentration of HA contained in peat water was 45.64 mg/L, KPG can adsorb of HA as much as 95%.
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5 Revision Strategies
Cek kesalahan pada Abstrak???
Abstract. This research aim to synthesis the superporous adsorbent from chitosanusing glutaraldehyde as a cross linker, NaHCO 3 as a porogen, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a reinforcing agent. Generally, the reaction of adsorbent synthesis wascarried out through four steps: (1) the addition of PVA to the chitosan solution, (2)
the addition of porogen, (3) the crosslinking of chitosan, and (4) the releasing of oro en. The obtained adsorbents were characterized b Fourier Trans orm In raRed (FTIR) Spectroscopy, photograph of Digital Microscope (DM), and ScanningElectron Microscopy (SEM) to measure the porosity. The adsorbent was then beapplied to adsorb of HA for adsorption capacity determination. The results showed that the addition of PVA and porogen during adsorbent synthesis has produced adsorbent that possessed physical properties more compact and flexible and the
porosity was greater than that adsorbent synthesized without the addition of PVAand porogen . The adsorption test showed the adsorption capacity of KPG is 33.07 mg/g. However, if the amount of used adsorbent is larger (based on the chitosanmass 1 g), the capacity adsorption of KPG is 141.74 mg/g. From the initial concentration of HA contained in peat water was 45.64 mg/L , KPG can adsorb of HA as much as 95%.
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5 Revision Strategies
Cek kesalahan pada Abstrak??? (Sudah direvisi Author)
Abstract. This research aims to synthezise the superporous adsorbent fromchitosan using glutaraldehyde as a cross linker, NaHCO 3 as a porogen, and
polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a reinforcing agent. Generally, the reaction of adsorbent synthesis was carried out through four steps: (1) the addition of PVA to the
chitosan solution, (2) the addition of porogen, (3) the crosslinking of chitosan, and (4) the releasin o oro en. The obtained adsorbents were characterized bFourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) Spectroscopy, photograph of Digital Microscope(DM), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to measure the porosity. Theadsorbent was then be applied to adsorb of HA for adsorption capacity determination. The results showed that the addition of PVA and porogen duringadsorbent synthesis has produced adsorbent with more compact and flexible
physical properties and greater porosity. The adsorption test showed that theadsorption capacity of KPG is 33.07 mg/g. However, if the amount of used adsorbent is larger (based on the chitosan mass 1 g), the capacity adsorption of KPG is 141.74 mg/g. The initial concentration of HA contained in peat water was45.64 mg/L, KPG can adsorb of HA as much as 95%.
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5 Revision Strategies
Menulis sebagian Pendahuluan
Surfaktan adalah salahsatu bahan baku yang penting pada berbagai bidangindustri, seperti: emulsifier, corrosion inhibition, foaming, detergent, dan hairconditioning, disisi lain kebutuhan surfaktan terus meningkat. Surfaktan secaraumum diproduksi dari kelapa; namun hal tersebut menjadikan persaingan pada
sektor makanan. Pemanfaatan lignin sebagai bahan baku pada produksi surfaktanmen adi sebuah metode alternatif. Beras adalah makanan okok ba i ma oritasmasyarakat di dunia, sehingga sekam padi jumlahnya melimpah dan murah karenasebagai limbah. Sekam padi mengandung 25% lignin. Surfaktan dapat dihasilkandari lignin menggunakan metode isolasi. Namun proses tersebut mahal danberlangsung lama. Sulfonasi langsung merupakan sebuah metode alternatif yangdapat mengatasi permasalahan ini.
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5 Revision Strategies
Menulis sebagian Pendahuluan (Menggunakan GoogleTranslate)
Surfactant is one of the important raw material in various industrial fields, such asemulsifiers, corrosion inhibition, foaming, detergent and conditioning hair, on theother hand increasing need for surfactants. Surfactants are generallymanufactured from coconuts; but it makes competition in the food sector.Utilization of lignin as a raw material in the production of surfactant be analternative method. Rice is the staple food for the majority of people in the world,so that the rice husk as abundant and inexpensive as waste. Rice husk containing25% lignin. Surfactants can be produced from lignin using isolation method. Butthe process is expensive and lasts longer. Direct sulfonation is an alternativemethod that can solve this problem.
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5 Revision Strategies
Menulis sebagian Pendahuluan (Menggunakan GoogleTranslate)
Surfactant is one of the important raw material in various industrial fields, such asemulsifiers, corrosion inhibition, foaming, detergent and conditioning hair, on theother hand increasing need for surfactants. Surfactants are generallymanufactured from coconuts; but it makes competition in the food sector.Utilization of lignin as a raw material in the production of surfactant be analternative method. Rice is the staple food for the majority of people in the world,so that the rice husk as abundant and inexpensive as waste . Rice husk containing25% lignin. Surfactants can be produced from lignin using isolation method. Butthe process is expensive and lasts longer . Direct sulfonation is an alternativemethod that can solve this problem.
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5 Revision Strategies
Menulis sebagian Pendahuluan (Setelah di Perbaiki)
Surfactant is one of the most important raw materials used in various industrial fields, such as emulsifiers, corrosion inhibitors, foaming agent, detergent and hair conditioning products, while the demand of surfactant is steadily increasing.Surfactant is generally produced from coconut oil; however, it leads to acompetitiveness to the food sector. The utilization of lignin as raw material in the
production of surfactant is an alternative method. Rice is a staple food for majority of human in the world; hence, rice husk is an abundant material and low-cost dueto a waste. It contains about 25% lignin. The surfactant could be produced fromlignin by using isolation method. However, the process is costly and relatively longreaction. Direct sulfonation is an alternative method to evade the drawbacks.
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6 Submission Strategies
Pilih Jurnal dengan Impact Factor yang tinggi untukmendapatkan feedback berupa komen-komen negatif ->Untuk memperbaiki manuskrip.
Yang pertama kali dilihat Editor adalah First Author danCorresponding Author .
ar re an penu s yang namanya su a ena scopus
atau WoS, jadikan dia Corresponding Author.
Jangan menulis single Author jika belum pernah publikasiInternasional atau hanya beberapa saja.
Cari bidang penelitian jurnal yang lebih umum dan tidakspesifik khusus bidang penelitian ini (lihat hasil review poin 1)
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Contribution
Reviewer/Referee to “Chemical Engineering Communications” (2014-present)
Reviewer/Referee to “International Journal of Hydrogen Energy” (2015-present)
Reviewer/Referee to “Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering” (2015-present)
Scientific Committee and Reviewer to The InternationalConference on Chemical Engineering (ICCE 2015)
Reviewer/Referee to “ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences (JEAS) (2015-present)
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We can do what People did..even More
Thanks For Your Attention
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