meljun cortes software basis operating system

8/8/2019 MELJUN CORTES Software Basis Operating System

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SOFTW RE B SICS ND

OPER TING SYSTEMS

Software, Programs, and

Support Modules Operating System Overview

Windows, Mac OS, UNIX, Linux,

and DOS

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SOFTWARE, PROGRAMS, AND SUPPORT

MODULES

Software

comprises of computer programs, support modules,

and data modules

provides a computer with the instructions and data

to carry out a specific type of task

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MODULES

Program

a set of instructions that solves a problem or

carries out a task

Support Module

provides an auxiliary set of instructions used in

conjunction with the main software program

not designed to be run by the computer user

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MODULES

How does software works?

Use of Translators

Translators - convert instructions from a high-level language into

machine language

Machine Language - the only language that can be understood by

a computer’s microprocessors

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OPERATING SYSTEM

What does an operating system do?

interacts with application software, device drivers,

and hardware to manage a computer’s resources

Examples of Computer’s Resources:

Processor

RAM

Storage Space

Peripherals

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OPERATING SYSTEM

How does operating system affect the

appearance of application software?

provides user interface tools, such as menus and

toolbar buttons

uses of graphical user interface (GUI) concept

provides a way to point and click a mouse to select menu

options and manipulate graphical objects that are

displayed on the screen

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OPERATING SYSTEM

Where is the operating system?

can be small enough to be stored in ROM for

handheld computers and video game consoles

can be quite large to be stored on a hard disk for

personal computers, servers, workstations,

mainframes, and supercomputers

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OPERATING SYSTEM

When do I directly interact with the operating

system?

Launch programs

Customize the user interface

Manage files

Configure equipment

Get help

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OPERATING SYSTEM

Types of Operating Systems

Single–user operating system

deals with one set of input devices

Multi–user operating system

deals with input, output, and processing requests from

many users

Network operating system

provides communications and routing services that allow

computers to share data, programs and peripheral

devices

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OPERATING SYSTEM

Multitasking operating system

provides process and memory management services that

permit two or more programs to run simultaneously

Desktop operating system

designed for a personal computer, either a desktop or

notebook computer

designed to accommodate a single user, but may also

provide networking and multitasking capabilities

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WINDOWS, MAC OS, UNIX, LINUX, AND DOS

Windows and Mac OS

both operating systems base their user interfaces

on the graphical model originated at Xerox, PARC

Mac OS was developed several years before

Windows

Mac and Windows interfaces use a mouse to point

and click various icons and menus

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UNIX and Linux

UNIX

was developed in 1969 at AT&T’s Bell Labs

gained a good reputation for its dependability in multi-

user environments

Linux

was developed in 1991, based on a version of the UNIX

kernel called Minix

considered to be a popular operating system for e-mail,

web-servers, and local area networks

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DOS

stands for Disk Operating

System

provides part of the

operating system kernel

for Windows versions

3.1, 95, 98, and ME

users rarely interact with

DOS, because it is well

hidden by the Windows

graphical user interface

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