member meeting thursday, july 18 , 2013€¢ stamped on the head of the cartridge case (headstamp)...
TRANSCRIPT
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MEMBER MEETING
THURSDAY, JULY 18TH, 2013
Ammunition: Uses, Options, Specifications
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Meeting Agenda
Club Business
Announcements
Political Hysteria
Education Update
Gun Shows
Club Activities
Program
Concealed Carry Video
Ammunition: Uses, Options,
& Specifications
For the Ladies: Purse Holsters
50/50 & Raffle
Next Meeting
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Announcements
Any interest in hunting (small game,
varmints, deer, etc.). See Tom
Cobianchi.
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Political Hysteria
• Missouri to teach NRA Gun Safety Course in
schools
• Illinois passes concealed carry law!!
• State law preempts local laws
• Survey shows law enforcement against gun
control by 91%
• Obama awarded 2 Pinocchios by Washington
Post for 40% no background check statement
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Education Update
Home
Firearm
Safety
Personal
Protection in
the Home
Basic Pistol Class
Monday, August 12th, Sea Breeze, 6
Wednesday, Sept. 11th, R/D Tactical, 16
Monday, Oct. 14th, R/D Tactical, 16
Wednesday, Nov. 13th, R/D Tactical, 16
Monday, Dec. 9th, R/D Tactical, 16
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Local Gun Shows
August 3-4 Ocala, Ocala National
Guard Armory
Sept 14-15 Leesburg, Leesburg
National Guard Armory
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Help Wanted
Villages
Preppers
Activities Committee
Assist with shooting event logistics
Help with other events as needed
Design email notices & content
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Club Activities
Shooter-of-
the-Month
Wednesday Seminar – July 17th
Handgun Care & Maintenance
Future Seminars Planned
3rd Wednesday each month
Ocala Forest Shoot
Tuesday, July 23rd – Mulberry @ 8:15am
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Concealed Carry Video
How to
handle an
encounter
with law
enforcement
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Uses, Options, & Specifications
Ammunition
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Ammunition
Cartridge Components Types of Cartridges Firing Sequence Primers & Primer Chemistry Bullet Shapes & Uses Cartridge Nomenclature Calibers +P & +P+ Selecting the right cartridge
Bullet Weight
Ballistic Coefficient
Muzzle Velocity
Kinetic (Muzzle) Energy
Basics Specifications
Cartridge Malfunctions
Misfire
Hangfire
Squib Load
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Cartridge Components
BULLET
CASE
POWDER
CHARGE
PRIMER (CONTAINS
PRIMING COMPOUND)
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Types of Cartridges
RIMFIRE CARTRIDGE
Priming compound is contained in the inside of the rim of the case head
CENTERFIRE CARTRIDGE
Priming compound is contained in a metal cup, called a primer, in the center of the case head
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Firing Sequence
CARTRIDGE IN CHAMBER
FIRING PIN STRIKES PRIMER OR CASE RIM AND IGNITES THE PRIMING COMPOUND
FLAME GENERATED BY PRIMING COMPOUND IGNITES POWDER CHARGE
POWDER BURNS RAPIDLY, GENERATING A VOLUME OF HOT, HIGH-PRESSURE GAS
GAS PUSHES BULLET THROUGH BORE AT HIGH SPEED
BULLET EXITS MUZZLE, HOT GAS MAKES “BANG”
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Centerfire Primers
Firing Pin Firing Pin Firing Pin
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Centerfire Primers
American inventor, Hiram Berdan
Patented on March 20, 1866
Double Vent
Anvil formed from case
Case difficult to mfgr
Cases difficult to reload
English inventor, Edward Boxer
Patented on June 29, 1869
Single Vent
Anvil part of primer
Primer more difficult to mfgr
Case easier to mfgr & reload
Berdan Boxer
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Primer Chemistry
Mercury Fulminate (1898)
Mercury fouling
Potassium Chlorate &
Lead Thiocyanate
Left Potassium Chloride Salt
residue causing rusting.
Developed in 1920
Mil Spec: PA-101 – Picatinny Ars.
Lead Styphnate, Barium Nitrate, Antimony Trisulfide, Alum, +
Developed late 1990s
Lead-free Primers
Now equal in performance
Lower toxicity, less residue
Old Corrosive Primers New Non-Corrosive Primers
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Bullet Shapes
• Wadcutter
• Lead Round Nose (Ball)
• Semi-Wadcutter
• Jacketed Soft Nose
• Semi-Jacketed Hollow Point
• Full Metal Jacket (FMJ)
• Jacketed Truncated Cone
• Jacketed Hollow Point (JHP)
L to R
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Bullet Designs
Bullet Types,
NOT Loaded
Ammunition
BBWC – Bevel Base Wadcutter HP – Hollow Point Sil - Sillouette
BT – Boattail I – Interlock Bullet SJ – Short Jacket
C/T – Combat Target JFP – Jacketed Flat Point SP – Spire Point
CC – Crimp Lock JHP – Jacketed Hollow Point SST – Super Shock Tipped
DEWC – Double End Wadcutter JSN – Jacketed Soft Nose SWC – Semi-Wadcutter
ENC – Encapsulated L – Swaged Lead Bullet UHC – Ultra-High Coefficient
FMJ – Full Metal Jacket LM – Light Magnum VX – Varment Express
FP – Flat Point LRN – Lead Round Nose XTP – Extreme Terminal Perf.
HBWC – Hollow Base Wdcutter Moly – Moly Coated +P – High Pressure
HM – Heavy Magnum RN – Round Nose +P+ - Higher Pressure
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Calibers
Most Common .22 LR .357 Mag .38 Special .380 Auto .40 S&W .44 Mag .45 ACP 9mm Luger
79
15 208
Calibers
Centerfire Pistol
Rimfire Pistol
Rifle
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+P or +P+ Ammunition
“+P” Or “+P+” Indicates it is Loaded to Higher-than-standard Pressure Levels.
This Higher-pressure Ammunition Must be Used Only in Those Guns Certified for it, as Shown on the Barrel, Slide or Frame.
+P And +P+ Cartridges Have the Same Dimensions as
Standard Cartridges, and Can be Chambered in Guns
NOT Certified for Higher-pressure Ammunition.
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Verify the Correct Cartridge
Proper Cartridge Identification Is Necessary To Ensure The Correct Ammunition Is Loaded Into The Pistol.
The Cartridge Designation Is:
• Marked on the Pistol
• Stamped on the Head of the Cartridge Case (Headstamp)
• Printed on the Factory Ammunition Box
Some Cartridges Have More Than One
Designation, Such As 9 Mm Para/9 Mm
Luger/ 9x19 Mm, And 45 Auto/45 Acp.
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Cartridge Specifications
.22 = 36 - 40
.38sp = 130-150
9mm = 115 -124
.357 = 80 - 180
.40 = 140 - 180
.45 = 100 - 230
Bullet Weight
Stated in Grains (not Grams)
1 gram = 15.432 grains
1 grain = 1/7000 Pound
A significant factor in BCb & Ek
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Cartridge Specifications
SD = Sectional
Density
M = Mass
i = Form Factor
(Cb/Cg)
d = Diameter
Ballistic Coefficient
Aerodynamic performance
vs G1 Standard
Normally .12 to 1.1
.4-.5 very good
BC = SD/i = M/i x d2
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Cartridge Specifications
Speed of the
projectile the
moment it
leaves the
barrel
.Bullet weight
.Qual Propellent
.Qty Propellent
.Barrel length
Muzzle Velocity
Measured in Feet per Second (fps)
1126 ft/s = Speed of Sound
Factor in Kinetic Energy
Modern Firearms = 400 to 4,000 fps
Longer barrel = higher MV
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Cartridge Specifications
E = ft lb f
m = Mass
v = Velocity
Kinetic (Muzzle)
Energy
Ek = ½ mv2
Measures
Destructive Force
Cartridge Ft-lbf
.380 ACP 199
.38 Special 310
9mm Luger 350
.45 ACP 400
.357 Magnum 550
.44 Magnum 1,000
.454 Casull 1,900
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Stopping Power vs Caliber
Wounding Effects
Physiological
Neurological
Psychological
Penetration
Energy Transfer
Viewed as a Percentage
% increases with Caliber
Several Schools of Thought
Actual Results Based on
Combat Experience
Knockback – “Manstopper” One-Shot-Stop = Myth
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Cartridge Malfunctions
Misfire
Hangfire
Squib Load
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Misfire
Keep Gun
Pointed in a
Safe Direction
Could be a
Hangfire
A Misfire is the Failure of a Cartridge to Ignite When the Primer or Case Rim is Struck by the Firing Pin.
Wait 30 seconds, clear gun, reload Causes: • Defect in the Cartridge • Defect in the Pistol
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Hangfire
A Hangfire is a Perceptible Delay in the Ignition of a Cartridge After the Primer or Case Rim Has Been Struck By the Firing Pin.
Keep gun pointed in a safe direction
Wait 30 seconds, clear the gun, reload.
What NOT to do!!
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Squib Load
.357 Squib Load Double Fired
A Squib Load is a Cartridge Developing Less Than Normal Pressure or Velocity Upon Ignition. A Squib Load Can Cause a Bullet to Fail to Exit the Muzzle and Lodge in the Bore.
Stop Firing Immediately, Safely Open The Action And Check The Bore For Obstructions.
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Any Questions??
Ammunition
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For the Ladies
How to
safely
handle a
concealed
firearm with
a purse
holster
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Fun & Games Department
50/50
Raffle
Upscale Cleaning Kit
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Next Member Meeting
Thursday, August 15th
Main Topic
Mfgr Series: Glock
Presenter: Darrin Steele, Pat’s
Pawn & Gun