MEMBERS

KE YOU

CASSANDRA

YOON SUNG

To talk about Plantation.

Today we will talk about different areas of plantation:

1.Introduction

2.Importance

3.Types

4.Advantages and Disadvantages

5.Techniques used

PLANTATION IS VERY IMPORTANTVERY IMPORTANT.

• Without plantation, the atmosphere will be more polluted.

• Research indicates a country should have at least 30% of forest covered land.

• Without plantation, the amount of harmful gases will keep increasing in our environment. Without Plantation, there will be:

Difficulties earning money ( Commercial farming ).

Difficulties providing food for people all over the world.

Difficulties producing raw materials

• A piece of land that is used for farming; generally found in tropical and subtropical regions.

• Commercial plantation is farming to sell. This involves growing different species of economically desirable tropical plants.

• Cash crops include plants being grown for their raw materials, which are used to produce many useful items such as oil from the oil palm.

FUN FACT :D About 1.5 million tons of ground cocoa beans are used each year to make chocolate and cocoa products. That’s more than the weight of 300,000 elephants!

COTTON

• The stalk of the plant is cut off after harvest.

• In Spring, some farmers prefer using no-till or conservation tillage methods to plant.

• In 2 months, cotton bolls will appear on the plant.

• Cotton can be used for many purposes, such as making our clothes.

• Grows in warm climates, Uzbekistan, the People’s Republic of China and India. Other leading cotton-growing countries are Brazil, Pakistan and Turkey.

The cotton plant

FUN FACT :D

If all the annually produced cotton in the U.S. were used to make one product, such as blue jeans, it would make 5 billion pairs.

OIL PALM

• Oil palms ( Elaeis ) have two species, the Arecaceae and the palm family. Both are used for commercial agriculture, such as palm oil. • African Oil Palm Elaeis guineensis is native to West Africa. American Oil Palm Elaeis oleifera is native to tropical Central and South America.• The locals produce the oil by hand. They first harvest the fruit, boil it to let the water part evaporate, then press the remaining leftovers in order to collect the oil.• Oil palms are harvested year round.

The oil palm plantation

FUN FACT :D

Malaysia is the world’s largest producer of oil palms

• The banana plant was believe to originate from the Asian tropics.

• It is one of the earliest cultivated fruits, native to Southeast Asia, the Malay Archipelago, and Australia.

• Bananas are grown in 132 countries worldwide.

FUN FACT :D In India, a man once ate 81 bananas in ½ hour!

BANANAS

PEPPER

• From a plant’s fruit called drupes of the tropical shrubs or fleshy herbs family.• The berries are cooked briefly in hot water, to clean / prepare them for drying. • The drying process can be by machines or under the sun. The fruit around the seed shrinks and darkens into a thin, wrinkled black layer. Black peppercorns are produced. • Peppers can be used as medicine or a seasoning.• Producing Countries:- Vietnam, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Thailand, China, India and Brazil

Black pepper

FUN FACT :D

In 2003, Americans consumed more than 112 million pounds of pepper!

COFFEE

• Seed or bean from the coffee tree, originated in Africa. • Harvested coffee cherries are dried and husked with 2 different methods:

Dry method. The cherries are distributed under the sun, raked many times a day to dry. The shrivelled husks are hulled manually or by machinery. Wet method. The hulls are removed before the beans dries. The fruit is processed in a machine to remove most of the bean material. The beans are then fermented in tanks. It is washed, dried by hot air, and placed into large mechanical stirrers called hullers, to remove the beans' last remaining parchment covering and to polish the bean. The are roasted and placed in a cooling vat where cold air is blown over them.

• Coffee exporting nations:- London, Brazil and Vietnam..

FUN FACT :D Germany is the world's 2nd largest coffee consumer, consuming 16 pounds of coffee per person.

• A beverage made from processed leaves, buds, or twigs of the tea bush.

• Grows in tropical to sub-tropical climates, for example China/India.

• Tea leaves begin to wilt and oxidize (to turn darker colour), if not dried quickly after picking. The next step in processing is to stop the oxidation process by heating. In black tea this is done simultaneously with drying.

A plantation worker picking tea in Tanzania.

TEA

A rice paddy field in Taiwan.

RICE PADDY

• Small piece of land flooded with water to grow rice or other crops. • Found in many Asian countries such as Malaysia, China, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Korea, Japan, Vietnam, Taiwan, Indonesia, India, and the Philippines. • Require large amounts of water for irrigation, which can be very complicated for highly developed paddy fields. Flooding provides water essential to the growth of the crop. To keep the paddies flooded, fields on hillsides are banked in terraces.

SOYBEAN

• The soybean plant has a branching stem, white to purple flowers, and one to four seeds per pod. It came from a wild plant of East Asia, where it has been cultivated for about 5,000 years. • The soybean provides vegetable protein and ingredients for hundreds of chemical products, like fertilizers. Soybean oil is made into margarine, and vegetarian cheeses and meats. Soybean meal serves as a meat substitute in many food products, including baby foods. Other food products include soybean milk, tofu, salad sprouts, and soy sauce.• The US is now the world’s leading soybean producer.

FUN FACT :D

One acre (43,560 square feet) of soybeans can produce 82,368 crayons.

QUIZ!

1. How much percent should a country’s land be covered in forest?

2. How long does it take for cotton balls to appear on a cotton plant?

3. Why is plantation important?

4. Where was the banana plant believed to be originated from?

5 ． What are the coffee exporting nations?

Plantation is;

Very Manual, labour intensive

Requires a big plot of land hence smaller countries like Singapore does not have much area involving plantation.

Requires a huge amount of people.

The more the areas of plantation in a country, the more food the country gets.

By having plantation and growing forests, the atmosphere is more healthier for living things.

Plantation can help to decrease the harmful gases in earth nowadays.

If one country has a huge amount of area with plantation, that country can use the raw materials/food retrieved from the area to sell/ trade to other countries.

INFORMATION AND TIPS

Tree Plantation [http://www.caritaslahore.org/Animation/tree.htm ] [ accessed on October 18, 2007 5:23PM ]

This site roughly describes the importance of plantation as seen on the 5 th slide. The site is very simple with no pictures but only text yet, it was very helpful.

The Story of cotton- How is cotton grown [http://www.cotton.org/pubs/cottoncounts/story/how.cfm ] [ accessed on October 18, 2007 6:23PM ]

This very detailed site provided almost everything related to cotton- The growing of it, the history of it, Where it grows etc. Mainly all the information of cotton was taken from this site.

MR TYRRELL’S HOMEPAGE [http://www.mrtyrrell.com ] [ accessed on October 18, 2007 6:00PM ]

This site gave us tips on how to make a good powerpoint presentation, what was expected for our presentation now and also provided afew research links related to this topic- Plantation.

Fun facts about Agriculture [http://www.agday.org/tc/tc-funfacts.html] [ accessed on October 20, 2007 6:01PM ]

This site provides a huge variety of fun facts on agriculture, all listed according to their own sections- corn, brocolli, bread, pepper etc. The facts are also listed in point form making it easier to see unlike some sites, which the texts are in a chunk.

The school library books used for this project.

{ THANK YOU SO MUCH! }

INFORMATION AND TIPSCoffee: Definition and more from Answers.com [http://www.answers.com/Coffee?cat=health] [ accessed on October 19, 2007 6:25PM ]

Rice Paddy: Definition and more from Answers.com [http://www.answers.com/Rice%20paddy] [ accessed on October 19, 2007 6:35PM ]

Pepper: Definition and more from Answers.com [http://www.answers.com/Pepper?cat=technology] [ accessed on October 19, 2007 6:48PM ]

Bananas: Definition and more from Answers.com [http://www.answers.com/bananas?cat=health] [ accessed on October 19, 2007 6:58PM ]

Oil palm: Definition and more from Answers.com [http://www.answers.com/Oil%20palms] [ accessed on October 19, 2007 5:45PM ]

Tea: Definition and more from Answers.com [http://www.answers.com/Tea?cat=health] [ accessed on October 19, 2007 6:14PM ]

Answers.com is basically like an online dictionary which gives full answers and everything you want to know about the topic. It is also a very useful search engine as the answers are though long, yet very direct unlike some other sites which give very long and irrelevant answers. Therefore, answers.com is the mostly used site for this project.

{ THANK YOU SO MUCH! }

INFORMATION AND TIPSPlantation Agriculture [http://library.thinkquest.org/26634/text/forest/farming/plantation.htm ] [ accessed on October 18, 2007 4:53PM ]

This site was provided by mrtyrrell.com. Answers given about plantation are short, simple and easy to understand.

Fabo’s bananaland- Fun facts! [http://www.bananaland.com.au/bananaclub/funfacts/funfacts4.php] [ accessed on October 20, 2007 6:27PM ]

This site gave a lot of banana fun facts in a presentation format whereby we had to click the arrow to move on to the next slide. The facts given there were really funny and something like the guinness world record, as you can see on the 9 th slide.

Coffee facts and fun [http://www.gourmetcoffeeclub.com/cof_facts.htm ] [ accessed on October 20, 2007 6:24PM ]

Like other sites, this is another simple site providing things related to coffee such as, coffee facts, coffee trivia, coffee stories.

Tom Mcmahon-Black pepper fast facts [http://www.tommcmahon.net/2004/11/black_pepper_fa.html] [ accessed on October 20, 2007 6:34PM ]

{ THANK YOU SO MUCH! }

DECORATIONS AND PICTURES

Allfree.nu- Generators- Free Menu generators, Free text generators [http://www.allfree.nu/generators.html ] [ accessed on October 18, 2007 4:49PM ]

Site for making block texts ( as you see on all the slides, all headings were made using this website. ) Extremely useful for decorative purposes.

Google [http://www.google.com ] [ accessed on October 18, 2007 4:44PM ]

Another major search engine used. However, not for information but for images regarding to plantation. Pictures offered are a huge variety stating the size of it, the name of it, etc.

Adobe Photoshop CS 2

{ THANK YOU SO MUCH! }