December 1, 2018

Dear Director, We would like to congratulate you on your decision to participate in the “D-Day Memorial Parade and Musical Salute” Commemorating the 75th Anniversary of the D-Day Invasion in Normandy and Paris France. As you know, this is a tremendous opportunity to pay a musical tribute to those whose service and sacrifice preserved liberty and freedom throughout the world. Please take time to review the enclosed copy of “Travel Notes”. This handbook will provide you with information to help you prepare your group for an unforgettable experience. Should you have any questions or need additional information after reviewing this material, please feel free to contact your representative here at Historic Programs. They will be happy to talk with you. Cordially, Joel H. Biggs President of Historic Programs Committee Chair – D-Day Memorial Parade

CHECKLIST & TIME TABLE Throughout the upcoming months, there will be various items of information we will need from you. The following checklist outlines each item with the date it is due. Date Sent Description Date Due

q Current Participant Count January 15, 2019 (Please be as accurate as possible)

q Group Biography January 15, 2019

q Program Repertoire January 15, 2019

q Group Photo January 15, 2019

q Performance Layout/Staging Needs January 15, 2019

q Final Participant Verification (passenger count) February 1, 2019 (Name as listed on the Passport, Passport Number and Expiration Date, DOB, Gender)

q Final Payment Due for Airline Seats February 15, 2019 (For groups whose seats are booked through Historic Programs)

q Rooming List March 1, 2019

q Instrument List (for instrumental groups) March 1, 2019 (Please include weight, length, height, and width – case included)

q Notification of allergies and dietary restrictions March 1, 2019

q Medical Release Forms Bring on Tour

D-DAY MEMORIAL PARADE AND MUSICAL SALUTE TOUR SCHEDULE A preliminary tour schedule will be forwarded that includes many items and locations of historical interest, performances, and various activities. The times and days of scheduling are subject to change until confirmed. Upon arrival, the escort and guide may have some ideas and suggestions to help improve the tour. Therefore, this tour schedule is flexible according to the direction of the escort/guide with your approval. Scheduling and information will be added to the tour schedule continuously. Updates will be emailed or sent to you on a regular basis. Within a week of departure, a digital copy of the final tour schedule will be emailed to the group leader to distribute to the members of the group. Hotel address and phone numbers will be included as well as other important information.

TRAVEL INSURANCE If the members of your group have not already done so, it is recommended that you consider purchasing travel insurance. Cost and coverage will vary based on the policy each person or family purchases. Historic Programs is not an insurance agent and cannot offer insurance directly. Members of your group are welcome to shop for different policies online. Some services include: cancelation coverage; trip interruption; lost luggage; damaged luggage; and much more. Travelex Insurance Services is a partner of Historic Programs and American Musical Salute (under Sound Educations Programs) and has many great options available. For information please visit: https://www.ddayparade.org/insurance or call 800-228-9792 and reference number 03-0223.

CURRENCY EXCHANGE Major credit and debit cards are widely accepted and ATM’s are also available. In European countries credit cards with a “smart chip” are more commonly accepted. It may be wise to contact your credit card/debit card bank to look into the possibility of obtaining a card with the “smart chip” technology. Obtaining Euros prior to departure is also recommended, if you plan on using cash. Keep in mind it seems easier to spend foreign money because it appears almost like play money. Prepare your students to stop and think about actual costs prior to purchasing. If you need to exchange currency in France, exchange booths are readily available in most cities, though taking money out at an ATM tends to be a better exchange rate. Ask your guide/escort about the best location for the most competitive rates.

MEALS Meals include breakfast daily and a dinner each hotel night unless otherwise specified. Breakfast is European style (breads, cheeses, cereal, meats, pastries, yogurt, fruit and juices) and will be served at the hotel, or at an off-site location. Dinners will be in different locations each evening. Should you have any special meal requirements, inform us several weeks in advance and meals will be served accordingly. Beverages at dinners typically include water only. Soft drinks or other beverages will be at your own expense.

PERFORMANCE SETUP Historic Programs provides educational and performance opportunities to America’s outstanding ensembles to tour and perform in historic locations worldwide, while commemorating the past and celebrating the future through music. Though we can never guarantee weather or audience numbers, we will do everything within our abilities to ensure that the performance aspect of the program is a positive experience for your group.

If you are a performing group, briefly sketch a basic diagram of the desired layout to be set up for your performance. Historic Programs needs to know about all the equipment you are using and your performance layout, even if your group is bringing everything that they need.

PERFORMANCES AND VENUES There is no better place in in the world to perform than Paris and Normandy France. As part of the D-Day Parade program, your group will participate in concerts and ceremonies in several areas and various venues across France. These programs will take place at superb locations predetermined by Historic Programs.

EQUIPMENT INCLUSIONS Equipment included in the performance package are sound and/or PA system, and MP3/CD playback and a keyboard. Additional equipment may be rented. If there is equipment that you would like to rent, please let us know as soon as possible. The main stage in the town square of Sainte Mere Eglise will also include 3 rows of platform risers.

EQUIPMENT LIST When taking large amounts and various sizes of equipment on the airplane or motor coach, subsequent fees may be charged and are not included in the cost of the tour. Each airline differs in their enforcement of policy, but the standard requirements call for anything over 50 lbs. and/or 62 inches will be levied with an additional fee. Also, for overseas flights, airlines typically include 1 piece of luggage per person, including equipment. An additional fee will be charged for more checked items. Motor coaches have a limited amount of space to store equipment. The price of the tour does not include a truck or trailer to haul equipment (unless otherwise specified), but can be arranged. Instruments and baggage are not insured through Historic Programs. We advise checking with your organization’s insurance company or the homeowner’s insurance for each participant for coverage information.

ROOMING LIST & PASSENGER LIST The Passenger and Rooming List needs to be completed and returned a minimum of 120 days prior to departure. This list should include name (as it appears on the passport), date of birth, gender, passport number and passport expiration date.

TIPS FOR GUIDES AND BUS DRIVERS Gratuities for the waiters and baggage handlers are included in the price of your tour and it is not required for you to tip these individuals at all during your tour. However, tips for tour managers and bus drivers are not included. If you feel that your tour manager has been outstanding, it is customary to show your appreciation tip of $1-2 per person, per day (about $10 per passenger). A customary tip for the bus driver is typically $1 per person per day (so roughly $5 per passenger). It is strongly recommended that tips are collected from your group at the beginning of the tour, before funds become depleted by souvenirs and other expenditures.

MEDICAL CONSENT FORMS A Medical Consent Form should be obtained for each of those traveling with you. It should be notarized for your protection. Take these forms along with you on the tour. Assign one person to be in charge of all the forms. They should be with you at all times. We recommend that a digital copy of these forms is also brought on the tour just in case.

OBTAINING A PASSPORT In order to travel overseas you will be required to obtain a passport. If you already have one, you will need to make sure that it is current. Please visit travel.state.gov and go to “U.S. Passports” tab on the menu bar. Fees for obtaining a passport (as of August 2018) are as follows: (Form DS-11): Age 16 and older: The passport fee is $110. The processing fee is $35. The total is $145. Under Age 16: The passport fee is $80. The processing fee is $35. The total is $115. Passport Renewal (Form DS-82): You may use this form if your previous passport: 1. Was issued when you were 16 or older. 2. Was issued in the last 15 years. 3. Is not damaged. Expedited Service – Add $60 for each application

IMPORTANT: The United States Government strongly recommends that your passport be valid a minimum of 6 months from your return date BEST TIME TO APPLY: Passport application processing time varies with passport agencies workloads. It is best to apply in the fall when workload volume is at its lowest. Processing time normally is about two weeks, but applicants should apply at least 4-6 weeks prior to any scheduled international travel. The spring and summer months are the busiest so the application process may take longer during these months. Be sure to allow plenty of time!

TRAVEL NOTES A Note To The Travelers Welcome to Europe and the “D-Day Memorial Parade and Musical Salute” in France. The “Musical Salute” and travel experience is certain to be one of the most exhilarating experiences of your lifetime. It represents a unique blend of performance opportunity and travel to some of the world’s most historic and important areas. Yours is the opportunity to know new people, new places and to share your incredible talent with appreciative audiences. These “Travel Notes” are designed to enrich your travel experience and help you prepare for your journey. We hope you will carry home not only the souvenirs and photographs of Europe, but a real wealth of memories that will last a lifetime! Remember that even the best laid plans often go a little to the left or right of center. In spite of months and months of planning and years of experience, sometimes things go wrong. It’s possible that an aircraft may be delayed due to bad weather or air traffic conditions. A motor coach may have mechanical difficulties and cause a delay. There may be periods of waiting, for various reasons, at different stages of your program. If you can prime your attitude to “expect the unexpected” and then take it in stride, you are ready to take on the world!

AIRLINES AND LUGGAGE If you have traveled by airline before, you may already know it is possible that your flight may be canceled, delayed, rerouted or otherwise interrupted. As stated earlier, it is recommended that you consider purchasing travel insurance to help protect against the unexpected cost of these types of travel related issues. In the event of flight related issues it is the responsibility of the airline to accommodate any changes necessary to get you to your final destination. If there is an issue of lost luggage, airlines may provide limited compensation. However, many items are excluded from the liability coverage. For example, no liability is assumed for electronic equipment, antiques, documents, jewelry, photographic equipment, photographs, paintings, manuscripts, keys or animals. The Department of Transportation does offer some suggestions for consideration: NEVER put money, jewelry, medicine, negotiable securities or other valuables in a bag you plan to check. These items should be carried on the plane with you. LABEL your bags inside and out. Include your originating address and/or the address of HISTORIC PROGRAMS (7255 E Hampton Ave, Suite 127, Mesa, AZ 85209), along with your destination address and phone. FINALLY, it’s not a bad idea to carry with you a change of clothing and toiletries JUST IN CASE! THE ART OF TRAVELING When you pack your bags to explore the beauties of your own country or to travel around the world, consider these keys for a happy journey.

Travel lightly-You are not traveling for people to see you. Travel expectantly-Every place you visit is like a surprise package to be opened. Open it with an expectation of high adventure. Travel humbly-Visit people and places with reverence and respect for their traditions and ways of life. Travel courteously-Consideration for your fellow travelers and your hosts will smooth the way

through the most difficult days. Travel gratefully-Show appreciation for the many things that are being done by others for your enjoyment and comfort. Travel with an open mind-Leave your preconceived ideas at home. Travel with curiosity-It is not how far you go, but how deeply you go that mines the gold of experience. Travel fearlessly-The world and its people belong to you just as you belong to the world. Travel relaxed-Make up your mind to have a good time. Travel patiently-It takes time to understand others, especially when there are barriers of language and custom; keep flexible and adaptable to all situations. Travel with the spirit of a world citizen-You will discover that people are basically much the same the world around. Be an ambassador of good will to all people.

WARDROBE AND PACKING

SShhoopp FFiirr ss tt IInn YYoouurr OOwwnn CCllooss ee tt - A trip need not be an excuse for a whole new wardrobe. Remember, the people you will be seeing haven’t seen your clothes before. You will probably find you already have everything you need for your trip. Of course, shopping abroad is part of the fun but it won’t be cheap! TThhiinnkk BBaass ii cc aanndd LLiigghhtt - When you are packing light, the key to a successful wardrobe is having a basic color scheme running through shoes, bags and accessories. This does not mean you have to look dull, but that all items should be able to perform double duty by being interchangeable. TThhiinnkk SSmmaall ll - Travel with just enough of the personal items you will use. Transfer cosmetics to plastic bottles, pack travel-size hair spray, wrap nail polish in a plastic bag as the change in air pressure may make it leak. Wet and dry tissues are a must. FFaabbrr ii cc ss - Drip-dries eliminate the expense and wait for laundry service. Remember that prints stay fresher looking longer than solids. Lightweight wool and knits are the best travelers of all. VVaalluuaabbll ee ss - Valuables, documents, and medicines should be carried in your handbag, or flight bag. PPllaass tt ii cc BBaaggss - They have a million uses, from keeping shoes and personal items intact in your suitcase, to helping to separate a still-damp swimsuit from other clothes. FFoolldd iinngg HHaannggeerr ss - Hotels rarely provide enough hangers. Plastic ones you take along are handy too, for hanging up your laundry. DDrreess ss FFoorr YYoouurr DDeess tt iinnaatt iioonn - Try not to carry anything with you that you won’t need on your trip. If it is 15 degrees when you leave home and you are bound for a temperature nearer 70 degrees, do not take a heavy coat. Consider taking an all-weather coat that can be worn over a sweater. Use “layers” to adjust for the weather.

SUGGESTED PACKING CHECKLISTS FOR MEN AND WOMEN (FEEL FREE TO MODIFY TO YOUR NEEDS) Suggested Travel Checklist for Men § Performance attire or uniform § 1 pair of slacks § 2-3 pair of nice jeans or casual slacks § 4 shirts, drip-dry § 2 pairs shoes - No new shoes! § 6 sets of undergarments § 6 pairs of socks § packable slippers § 1 foldaway umbrella or raincoat § *Waterproof utility kit containing clippers, scissors, nail file, washcloth, soap and soapbox,

deodorant, shirt buttons, needle and thread, toothbrush, toothpaste and aspirin, if used. § Camera or cell phone § Travel bag § Light coat § Laundry detergent and plastic sack for dirty laundry § Sunglasses § Razor and shaving cream § Washcloth and/or hand towel * kit to be placed in checked luggage only

Suggested Travel Checklist for Women § Performance attire or uniform § 2-3 other casual daytime outfits § 2-3 interchangeable tops § 1 dress for evening (optional) § 3 pairs of shoes, including one comfortable pair for walking; shoes all in a basic color. – No new

shoes! § 1 light jacket or sweater § 1 foldaway umbrella or raincoat § 6 pairs socks or hose § 1 pair pajamas or drip-dry nightgown § 1 pair packable slippers § Handbag/backpack – all in basic colors § Cosmetics, including cleaners and moisturizers, small tissue packs, perfume in travel container. § Cosmetic bag; small clothes brush, tweezers, shaving razors, nail polish and remover, emery

boards, nail scissors, rollers and/or curling iron, washcloth, soapbox, toothbrush; toothpaste, sanitary needs, needle and thread, extra reading glasses, safety pins, shampoo, hairbrush, hair spray, shower cap, Band-Aids, cellulose tape and aspirin, if used.

§ Laundry detergent and plastic sack for dirty laundry § Folding plastic hangers § Sunglasses § Camera or cell phone § Travel bag § Washcloth and/or hand towel

OTHER HELPFUL CLOTHING SUGGESTIONS Pack clothes that will be comfortable. Plan on drip-dry and wrinkle free fabrics (tissue dividers help prevent wrinkling). We strongly recommend that you do not bring along any valuable jewelry. In packing toiletries, use unbreakable plastic bottles. If you are on medication, take a supply for the length of your stay and carry it in your handbag. Spare supplies or a copy of the prescription are also desirable. You may also wish to pack certain first-aid remedies such as “Second Skin” for blisters. If you have luggage with locks, take along duplicates keys. The best place for your toothbrush and toothpaste is in your handbag or flight bag. Remember that your tour schedule will require you to carry your own luggage. Also remember that you will want to buy gifts in Europe, so leave ample space. What you bring depends on personal preference and tour schedule, but observe these simple

guidelines and local customs, and use common sense as your best guide! EXCHANGE RATES The following are the current exchange rates for most European currencies. These could still fluctuate significantly before the departure of the tour. The New York Foreign Exchange selling rates below apply to trading among banks in amount of $1 million or more, as quoted in Google as of April 15, 2018. U.S. $ Europe (Euro) Britain (Pound) $1.00 .85 € .76 £ BUDGETING YOUR SPENDING MONEY We are frequently asked to give recommendations about the amount of spending money someone should take with them. Your tour features two meals per day, unless otherwise noted on your tour schedule. We recommend that $30-$50 per day will cover such items as: § One meal per day § Snacks § Drinks with meals (a soft drink or other beverage with dinner is usually extra) and large towns

throughout Europe. Another tip - Drink plenty of water! § Souvenir purchases (if they’re modest) § If you plan to purchase expensive clothing, jewelry, or art, you need to increase your per diem to

more than $30. Try not to carry large amounts of cash. Major credit cards are also widely accepted throughout Europe. It is very easy to spend money in Europe because it seems almost like play money. Paper currency is larger and much more colorful. Stop and think about how much it really costs before making any purchases. CREDIT CARDS It is wise to have a backup source of money in the event your money is stolen, lost or an emergency occurs. Take along one or several internationally recognized credit cards that will allow you to draw cash advances up to your credit limit. Visa, MasterCard and American Express are widely accepted. Check with your bank about the possibility of obtaining a card with the “smart chip” technology. You can also use the cards to pay for purchases at thousands of locations across Europe. You may want to keep your credit cards separate from your cash and other forms of currency. CONDITIONING & SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Historic Programs and its partners consider safety of our participants the highest priority. We work closely with travel providers, production companies, municipalities and government officials to provide a safe environment at every phase of the tour experience. International travel is rigorous and you must be in good physical condition in order to enjoy yourself overseas. There are many long walks and many numerous stairs which are routine to Europeans, but to which Americans are not accustomed. In addition, many Tour Directors like to include afternoon or evening walking tours in major cities. If there is any doubt about your physical ability to participate actively in Europe, it would be advisable to have a physical examination before your departure. HISTORIC PROGRAMS assumes that all participants are in good physical condition unless otherwise notified. A companion who will assume sole responsibility for assisting individuals with physical disabilities or special dietary

requirements, must accompany them at all times. Special meal requirements can be accommodated for flights, and can be requested but not always guaranteed throughout the European tour schedule. No special health precautions need to be taken while touring Europe, beyond catching up on your rest, after extended airline travel. Should you become ill, see a doctor. Health facilities are excellent and physicians, surgeons, specialists and hospitals are available in all major cities DEVIATING FROM YOUR TOUR If you plan to deviate from the group tour schedule, you must make all requests in writing to HISTORIC PROGRAMS and we will inform you what the exact charges will be, if any. If you have not already done so, please make HISTORIC PROGRAMS aware of your deviation plans. ACCOMMODATIONS Accommodations in Europe are generally in 3-star or 4-star hotels. Room standards in Europe are different than what you may be used to. Rooms are smaller. In fact, if you are in a quad room, there will be room for four beds, but you probably won’t want to open four suitcases at once unless the suitcases are on the bed. Yes, the rooms are small, but there will be a private bathroom with a shower or bath and a toilet. It was not too many years ago that you would be walking down the hall to use these facilities as well - and sharing them with every other room on the floor. TRANSPORTATION WITHIN EUROPE Continental ground transportation is arranged with your safety and comfort in mind. Motor coaches will be part of a modern European fleet including broad panoramic windows and reclining seats. Most drivers will be able to communicate in English to a limited degree. Please be considerate of your coach driver and the condition of your motor coach. Keep it clean and do not damage these facilities or you will be responsible and liable for the damages involved. Your motor coach is your driver’s “home away from home” and should be treated as such. You will find that if you respect the condition of your motor coach, your driver will respond in kind and will be much more amenable to doing little favors and going out of his way for your comfort and pleasure. ELECTRICITY Most European countries supply 200-250 volt, 50-cycle electricity, which is nearly twice the strength of the 110-120-volt, 60-cycle alternating current supplied in the United States. At the higher speed and on 50-cycle current, U.S. electrical appliances will not operate normally and will be damaged or destroyed. Some U.S. stores do sell electrical items for use overseas, but be sure to check the voltage requirements before you buy; don’t be misled by “adapters,” which only enable you to plug your appliance into a European wall socket (unlike wall outlets in the United States, which accept plugs with two flat prongs, Europe accept plugs of varying styles, often with two or three round prongs). Ask for a transformer or converter, which converts high-voltage current into lower voltage for use with U.S. appliances. For your convenience, take as few electrical devices with you as possible. Both an adapter and a transformer/converter will be needed to operate an appliance in Europe. Cell Phone If you plan on bringing a cell phone, make sure you take care of the international coverage with your carrier BEFORE you leave the United States. Sim cards and other necessities should be taken care of before you leave. Making special trips to cell phone stores or other suppliers will only cut into your limited time in France.

Be sure you have any necessary adapters for your phone to charge it. Keep in mind the voltage, and the plugs in France are different from the US. See “Electricity” section of the travel notes for more information. CAMERAS OR VIDEO Do not pack your camera or video recorder in you checked luggage! Each time you do, you will find that you have missed a wonderful shot. If you have a new foreign phone, camera, binoculars, or similar equipment and you plan to take it with you, register these items and carry the receipts for re-entry so you will not have to pay duty. Registration is possible before departure at the international airport and/or the U.S. Custom House, or if you still have the receipt from the purchase, carry this with you. Many museums in Europe now have strict policies against photographing paintings with a flash. Time and experience have proven that the flash is actually damaging to these valuable paintings. You may even be escorted from the museum if you do not respect this policy! If you are considering the purchase of a camera for your trip, we suggest you purchase the lightest and most compact one. Remember; never leave your camera in your hotel room!

WEATHER IN EUROPE Weather in Europe is unpredictable. Some summers have surprised everyone by being unusually cool, and several summers ago we experienced a record heat wave and drought. We recommend that you take a light jacket and/or a raincoat. Evenings will be cool and you should be prepared for rain. The following are average high and low temperatures for selected European cities: Country Apr May June July Austria (Vienna) 55/41 66/48 72/54 75/59 Denmark (Copenhagen) 57/27 73/34 79/34 79/45 England (London) 57/43 63/46 70/52 72/55 France (Paris) 59/39 66/46 72/52 75/55 Netherlands (Amsterdam) 55/39 63/45 68/50 70/54 Switzerland (Bern) 54/41 59/50 66/57 68/59 Germany (West Berlin) 54/37 64/46 70/50 73/54 Monthly average only available DOCUMENTS FOR FAMILIES AT HOME

Tour Schedule. Provide your family with the most accurate places and dates you can. Leave exact mailing addresses. We will provide names and addresses of hotels on your final tour schedule. Numbers of credit cards. Leave your family a photocopy of all of your credit cards and keep one copy for yourself, separate from your credit cards. Number, date, and place of issue of passport. You should memorize this information as soon as you get the passport. You’ll need it when checking in at hotels and airports, and when cashing travelers checks. If you lose a passport, it will be essential information. Leave your family a photocopy of the two pages displaying your photograph and passport number. Take a copy with you, too, along with spare passport photos. Keep them in a separate place from where you keep your passport.

Number, date and place of issue of airline tickets. Leave your family copies of your tickets or e-ticket numbers and keep copies for yourself separate from your tickets. To get reimbursed for lost or stolen tickets with a minimum of hassle, have this information readily available.

PROTECT YOUR BELONGINGS Leave expensive jewelry at home. You can pick up all sorts of gold and silver imitations for a fraction of the cost. That’s what the Europeans do! Follow their lead. Never carry all of your valuables in one place. Split up your documents and money. If you put your passport, tickets, money, traveler’s checks, and credit cards in one place, they can all be taken in one shot. Keep anything valuable out of sight and in inconspicuous containers. Stow your cameras in an inexpensive carrying bag, one that looks as if it could just as easily be carrying groceries. Don’t set anything valuable near an open window or on a curbside table. Just what you need for the day is a key phrase. You don’t need to carry a passport, three credit cards, all your traveler’s checks, most of your money, and your airline tickets - leave them in the hotel safe. Take just enough to get you by - one credit card will often do the trick.

JET LAG Remember that there will be at least six hours time difference between Europe and the East Coast, and as much as 8-9 hours difference between the West Coast and Europe. This time difference will play havoc with your system going both ways. You should be prepared, and force yourself to rest so that you do not begin your European journey with more frustration than you can handle. We suggest getting as much sleep as possible on the flight - forget the movies! Try to stay awake as much as you can on your first day. Too much sleep during the first day will make jet-lag drag on for days. Also, drink plenty of fluids in flight! WALKING TOURS, SHOPPING AND EXPLORING What you choose to do during your free time can have a tremendous impact on your travel experience. Be adventurous and daring - exploring is a great way to discover your location. Your Tour Escort will help with Walking Tours and shopping tips that could be the highlight of your travel experience. To enjoy a new city, it is important to get out and walk - and feel the color and excitement of each new area. Here are some suggestions that might be helpful to you: § Special concerts or events. § Stroll through a park. § See a cathedral during services, as the worshippers see it. § Visit a lesser-known museum, where incredible art treasures can be found. § Shop in suburbs and smaller towns, where the average European shops and prices are lower. § Bring a book to read during bus rides or late evenings. § Become friends with at least one European during your tour. Shopping abroad can be a wonderful experience. You should, however, exercise caution and make purchases only in reputable shops. Remember that sending your purchases through the mail or shipping them may take from three to six months. You will want to shop for specialties in each country. Prices vary enormously however, and occasionally unscrupulous shopkeepers may take advantage of unknowing foreigners, so exercise caution whenever you shop. It is always a good idea to compare before purchasing, and to get tips from your Tour Escort, who, in most cases, has been there before. Use your calculator to be sure you know how much you’re spending.

When purchasing clothing, try it on. However, don’t be surprised if shopkeepers seem irritated if you try on an article and then do not buy it. A CODE OF ETHICS FOR TOURISTS § Travel in a spirit of humility and with a genuine desire to learn more about the people of your

host country. § Be aware of the feelings of other people, thus preventing what might be offensive behavior on

your part. This applies very much to photography. § Cultivate the habit of listening and observing, rather than merely hearing and seeing. § Realize that often the people in the country you visit have time concepts and thought patterns

different from your own; this does not make them inferior, only different. § Instead of looking for a beach paradise, discover the enrichment of seeing life through others’

eyes. § Acquaint yourself with local customs. People will be happy to help you. § Instead of knowing all the answers, cultivate the habit of asking questions. § Remember that you are only one of the thousands of tourists visiting this country and do not

expect special privileges. § Spend time reflecting on your daily experience in an attempt to deepen your understanding. FINAL DOCUMENTS AND SCHEDULES Your exact flight tour schedule and hotel lists are sent to you along with any last-minute information 14-21 days prior to departure. Flight schedules may change down to the last few days. Naturally, even the “final” schedule is still subject to change. Your Tour Director reconfirms all flight arrangements several weeks, and then again several days prior to departure. Should there be any changes you will be notified immediately. You are expected to be at the airport at least two hours prior to departure. Your entire group will check in together, however, each individual must be present, as the airline will require the checking of all documents. By now, everyone should have a passport. If not, please apply for one immediately! To remind you again, we recommend that you take two extra passport-size photographs with you to Europe in case your passport should be lost or stolen; also take a photo copy of the two inside pages of your passport which include your photo. Having these two items will save you a great deal of time if you have to make application for a replacement or temporary passport while abroad. Make certain that your Tour Director and at least one other person have a record of your passport number in case of loss. MEDICAL INFORMATION If you should need a doctor while abroad, the International Association for Medical Assistance to Travelers (IAMAT) has set up centers in 125 countries with English-speaking physicians who are on call 24 hours a day. IAMAT publishes an annual directory of medical centers, along with the names and addresses of associated physicians who have agreed to a set payment schedule for IAMAT cardholders. In addition, IAMAT provides its members with a number of charts and brochures with information on weather and health conditions throughout the world. There is no cost to join IAMAT, but a donation is requested. For more information, write to: IAMAT Membership Office, 417 Center Street, Lewiston, NY 14092, USA.

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The World War II Brittany American Cemetery and Memorial lies one and a half miles southeast of the village of St. James (Marche), France. At this cemetery, covering twenty eight acres of rolling farm country near the eastern edge of Brittany, rest 4,410 American Dead, most of whom gave their lives in the Normandy and Brittany campaigns in 1944.Along the retaining wall of the memorial terrace are inscribed the names of 498 American who gave their lives in the service of their country but rest in unknown graves. Brittany American Cemetery is located on the site of

the temporary American St. James Cemetery, established on August 4, 1944 by the U.S. Third Army. It marks the point where the American forces made their famous breakthrough from the hedgerow country of Normandy into the plains of Brittany during their offensive around Avranches. The gray granite memorial contains the chapel as well as two large operations maps and flags of our military services and overlooks the burial area. Interesting stained glass and sculpture aid in embellishing the structure. The lookout platform of the chapel tower, reached by 98 steps, affords a view of the stately pattern of the headstones as well as the peaceful surrounding countryside stretching northward to the sea and Mont St. Michel. MMoonntt SStt .. MMiicchhee ll Mont St. Michel is on the north coast of France, near the border of Brittany and Normandy, and home to centuries of tradition. The legend states that in the early eighth century, the Archangel Michael appeared to Bishop Aubert of Avranges, who started an oratory. In 966, a Benedictine monastery was established. In 1020, Richard II began the Abbey Church, and supported Abbot Hildebert's construction efforts. Over time, the spiritual foundations of the abbey waned, and in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries it was used as a prison. In 1874, the French government assumed responsibility for the abbey's upkeep and restoration. Mont St. Michel is a small quasi-island, separated by approximately one kilometer of waves from the mainland at high tide. It is about one kilometer in diameter and about 80 meters high, jutting defiantly above the ocean. At low tide, however, it is separated from the mainland by approximately one kilometer of sand. Before a causeway was built in 1879, the only approach to “le Mont” was by foot over this land bridge.

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The World War II Pointe du Hoc Ranger Monument is located on a cliff eight miles west of Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial, which overlooks Omaha Beach. It was erected by the French to honor elements of the American Second Ranger Battalion under the command of Lieutenant Colonel James E. Rudder. During the American assault of Omaha Beach on June 6, 1944, the Rangers scaled the 100-foot cliff and seized the German artillery pieces that could have

fired on the American landing troops at Omaha Beach. At a high cost of life, they successfully defended against determined German counterattacks. The monument consists of a simple granite pylon positioned atop a German concrete bunker with tablets at its base inscribed in French and English. The monument was formally transferred to the American Battle Monuments Commission for perpetual care and maintenance on January 11, 1979. The battle scarred area on the left flank of Omaha Beach remains much as the Rangers left it. AAmmeerr ii ccaann CCeemmeett ee rryy aatt OOmmaahhaa BBeeaacchh The World War II Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial is situated on a cliff overlooking Omaha Beach and the English Channel in Colleville-sur-Mere, France. It is just east of St. Laurent-sur-Mer and north west of Bayeux about one hundred and seventy miles west of Paris. The cemetery may be reached from Paris by automobile via Highway A-13 to Caen, then Highway N-13 through Bayeux to Formigny, then D-517 to St. Laurent-sur-Mer and D-514 to Colleville-sur-Mer. A large stone directional sign designates the cemetery entrance. There is regular rail service between Paris (Gare St. Lazare) and Bayeux, where taxicabs and tour bus service are available. Travel by rail takes three hours. Hotels are available in Bayeux and Port-en-Bessin. The cemetery is located on the site of the temporary American St. Laurent Cemetery, established by the U.S. First Army on June 8, 1944, the first American cemetery on European soil in World War II. The cemetery is at the north end of its one half mile access road and covers one hundred and seventy two acres. It contains the graves of 9,386 American military dead, most of whom gave their lives during the landings and ensuing operations of World War II. On the walls of the semicircular garden on the east side of the memorial are inscribed the names of 1,557 missing Americans who gave their lives in the service of their country, but whose remains were not located or identified. The memorial consists of a semicircular colonnade with a loggia at each end containing maps and narratives of the military operations. At the center is a bronze statue titled, “Spirit of American Youth.” An orientation table overlooks the beach and depicts the landings at Normandy. Facing west at the memorial, one sees in the foreground the reflecting pool, the mall with burial areas to both side and the circular chapel beyond. Behind the chapel are statues representing the United States and France.

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The World War II Utah Beach American Memorial is located at the end of Highway N-13D, approximately a mile and a half northeast of Sainte-Marie-du-Mont (Manche), France. This monument commemorates the achievements of the American Forces of the VII Corps who landed and fought in the liberation of the Cotentin Peninsula from June 6, 1944 to July 1, 1944. It consists of a red granite obelisk surrounded by a small-developed park overlooking the historic sand dunes of Utah Beach, one of the two American

landing beaches during the Normandy Invasion of June 6, 1944. SStt ee .. MMeerree EEggll ii ss ee Ste. Mére Eglise was the principal objective of the 82nd Airborne Division on the early morning of June 6. It was the site of three days of intense fighting as the Germans repeatedly counter attacked in attempts to retake the strategic town from the occupying American paratroopers. The village is perhaps best remembered for its church, in the center of the town square, where Paratrooper John Steele of the 505th PIR became trapped when his parachute was ensnared by a steeple. He watched helplessly as the waiting Germans killed the rest of his company. The stained-glass windows of the church are a tribute to those who liberated Ste. Mére Eglise. At the upper left are airborne wings. At the upper right is the parachute and glider that made up the badge of American Airborne Command. The lower left cutout shows the insignia of the 82nd Airborne Division (AA for All American Division). The faint parachutes at the lower right are a constant motif in the windows.

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A real Parisian favorite, the Luxembourg Garden is a beautiful 2500 acre green oasis on Paris’ fashionable left bank. Spread with statues, fountains and flowers, the garden has many attractions for children (ponies, merry-go-round, puppet shows). Lovers, students and outdoor chess and tennis players can often be found there. Located in the Luxembourg garden, the Luxembourg palace was built in the 17th century by Marie de Medicis, a French queen, modeled after the Palazzo Pitti in her native Florence.

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Today, Montmartre remains alive with six million visitors who like to stroll along the narrow cobblestone streets of old Paris while taking in the historical and cultural atmosphere. At every turn one always meets a painter or filmmaker in this place of artistic creation. The Cabaret the Divan Japonais is nowadays the Divan of the music of all over the world and dancers are no longer applauded at the Moulin Rouge but at the theatre of the City where one can see a current show.

BBaass ii ll iiqquuee dduu SSaaccrr éé CCooeeuurr After the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, it was proposed to construct a church to the Sacred Heart on the butte Montmartre. Although originally the funding was by public subscription, in 1873, the National Assembly declared its construction to be a state undertaking. Of the 78 entries in the competition for its design, the one chosen was by the architect named Abadie. He was already well known for his restoration of the St-Front Cathedral in Périgueux. The plans for the new basilica called for an edifice of Romano-Byzantine style, and the first stone was laid in 1875. Abadie himself died in 1884 with only the foundation having been completed. Completed in 1914, it was not consecrated until 1919 after World War I had ended. The final cost was 40 million francs. Since 1885, there has been perpetual adoration and worship within. The interior of the church contains one of the world’s largest mosaics, and depicts Christ with outstretched arms. The nearby bell tower contains the “Savoyarde’’. Cast in Annecy in 1895, it is one of the world’s heaviest bells at 19 tons. AArrcc ddee TTrr iioommpphhee

Commissioned in 1806 by Napoleon, shortly after his victory at Austerlitz, the Arc de Triomphe was not finished until 1836. There are four huge relief sculptures at the bases of the four pillars. These commemorate The Triumph of 1810 (Cortot); Resistance, and Peace (both by Etex); and The Departure of the Volunteers, more commonly known by the name La Marseillaise (Rude).

Engraved around the top of the Arch are the names of major victories won during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic periods. The names of less important victories, as well as those of 558 generals, are found on the inside walls. Generals whose names are underlined died in action. Beneath the Arc is the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier and an eternal flame commemorating the dead of the two world wars.

Eiffel Tower

An engineer by training, Gustave Eiffel founded and developed a company specializing in metal structural work, whose crowning achievement was the Eiffel Tower. He devoted the last thirty years of his life to his experimental research. Born in Dijon in 1832, he graduated from the Ecole Centrale des Arts et Manufactures in 1855, the same year that Paris hosted the first world’s Fair. He spent several years in the southwest of France, where he supervised work on the great railway bridge in Bordeaux, and afterwards he set up in 1864 as a “constructor”, that is, as a business

specializing in metal structural work. His outstanding career as a constructor was marked by work on the Porto viaduct over the river Douro in 1876, the Garabit viaduct in 1884, Budapest-Nyugati Railway Terminal in Hungary, the dome of the Nice observatory, and the ingenious structure of the Statue of Liberty. It culminated in 1889 with the Eiffel Tower. After the end of his career in business, marred by the failure of the Panama Canal, Eiffel began an active life of scientific experimental research in the fields of meteorology, radiotelegraphy and aerodynamics. He died on December 27, 1923. NNoottrr ee DDaammee CCaatthheeddrraa ll Maurice de Sully, bishop of Paris, decided to build a new cathedral for the expanding population, dedicated to the Virgin Mary. Although construction started in 1163, it was not completed until roughly 180 years later in about 1345. Built in an age of illiteracy, the cathedral retells the stories of the Bible in its portals, paintings, and stained glass. Notre-Dame has had an eventful history over the centuries. Crusaders prayed here before leaving on their holy wars, and polyphonic music developed in the cathedral. Notre-Dame was pillaged during the French revolution, as were a number of other cathedrals throughout France. Citizens mistook statues of saints above the portals on the west front for representations of their kings, and, in the midst of their revolutionary fervor, took them down. (Some of these statues were found in the 1970s, almost two hundred years later, in the Latin Quarter.) Many of the cathedral's other treasures were either destroyed or plundered — only the great bells avoided being melted down. It was also here that Napoléon, wishing to emphasize the primacy of the state over the church, crowned himself emperor, and then crowned Joséphine, his Martinique-born wife, as his empress. In 1768, geographers decided that all distances in France would be measured from Notre-Dame. One hundred and seventy-six years later, when Paris was liberated during World War II, General de Gaulle rushed to the cathedral after his return, to pray in thanksgiving. In many ways, Notre-Dame was and still is the center of France.

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Since the Middle Ages this riverside quarter has been dominated by the Sorbonne, and acquired its name from the early Latin-speaking students. It dates back to the Roman town across the Ile de la Cité. The area is generally associated with artists, intellectuals and a bohemian way of life; this is mainly due to the thousands of students that live nearby. But the place also has a history of political unrest: In 1871, the Place Saint Michel became the center of the Paris Commune, and in May 1968, it was the site of student uprisings.

The place contains many of the Paris monuments, museums and gardens, ranging from the brand-new Institut du Monde Arabe to the Middle Ages Musée de Cluny, or the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle in the Jardin des Plantes. LLoouuvvrree A medieval fortress, the palace of the kings of France, and a museum for the last two centuries, the architecture of the Louvre Palace bears witness to more than 800 years of history. Established in 1793 by the French Republic, the Louvre Museum, in the company of the Ashmolean Museum (1683), the Dresden Museum (1744) and the Vatican Museum (1784) is one of the earliest European museums. Divided into 7 departments; the Louvre collections incorporate works dating from the birth of the great antique civilizations right up to the first half of the XIXth century, thereby confirming its encyclopedic vocation. The “Grand Louvre” is a part of the “Grand Travaux” or Major Works defined by the President of the Republic François Mitterrand, which also includes the new Bibliothèque Nationale de France, the Opera Bastille and the Grande Arche de la Défense.