mental and emotional health chapter 6. health goals for mental and emotional health i will develop...
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Mental and Emotional Health
Chapter 6Chapter 6
Health Goals for Mental and Emotional Health
• I will develop good character
• I will interact in ways that help create a positive social and emotional environment
• I will develop healthful personality characteristics
• I will choose behaviors to promote a healthy mind
• I will express emotions in healthful ways
• I will use stress management skills
• I will seek help if I feel depressed
• I will use suicide prevention strategies when appropriate
• I will cope with loss and grief in healthful ways
• I will be resilient during difficult times
Health Goal 1: Develop Good Character
• Value: standard of belief
• Character: person’s use of self-control to act on responsible values
• A person who has good character has the self-control to delay gratification when appropriate
• People who have good character set limits for themselves, and their behavior reflects responsible values
• Good character will reflect on one’s self-esteem (self-worth)
Developing Good Character and Improving Self-Esteem
• Pay attention to your appearance
• Make a list of responsible actions and review the list often
• Be a friend to yourself by enjoying activities (e.g., hobbies)
• Write your feelings in a journal
• Make spending time with your family members a priority
• Care for other people in the way you would like to be cared for
• Let other people know what helps you feel special
• Support the interests of family members and friends, and ask them to support your interests
• Ask family members and friends to tell you examples of your actions that have shown character
• Get plenty of exercise to generate feelings of well-being
Health Goal #2: I Will Interact in Ways that Help Create a Positive Social-Emotional
Environment
• Social-emotional environment is the quality of the contacts a person has with the people with whom they interact
• Social-emotional boosters (encouragement and/or support) help promote a positive social-emotional environment
• Social-emotional pollutants cause a negative social-emotional environment and should be avoided, if possible
Strategies to Improve the Social-Emotional Environment
• Minimize contact with people who put you down
• Use positive self-statements if you are with a person/group who are negative
• Spend time with a mentor
• Join a support group
• Expand the network of people with whom you communicate needs, wants, and emotions
• Give others social-emotional boosters
Health Goal #3: I Will Develop Healthful Personality
Characteristics
• An individual’s unique pattern of characteristic = Personality
• Behavior or attitude affects personality
• Other influences include:
– Heredity
– Environment
•Who you have contact or influences with affects personality
Health Goal #4: I Will Choose Behaviors to Promote a Healthy Mind
• Mental alertness does the following:
– Allows quick and watchful actions
– Provides interest in what’s going on in your life
– Allows understanding of providing mental exercise as well as physical concepts
– Creates the ability to learn continuously about new ideas and methods
• Mentally healthy people….
– Feel good about themselves
– Have satisfying relationships
– Set realistic goals
– Can cope with disappointments
Addiction
• A compelling need to take a drug or engage in a specific behavior
• Can cause physical harm, jeopardize safety, harm relationships, cause legal and financial problems
Signs of Addiction
• 1) Having a compelling need to take a drug/engage in a behavior
• 2) Taking a drug/engaging in behavior instead of dealing with feelings of anxiety, depression, boredom, or loneliness
• 3) Feeling bad about oneself after taking a drug/engaging in a behavior
• 4) Taking a drug/engaging in a behavior even when there are negative consequences
• 5) Trying to stop taking a drug or engaging in a behavior but being unable to do so
Types of Addiction
• Drug
• Eating disorders
• Exercise
• Gambling
• Nicotine
• Perfectionism
• Relationship
• Sexual in nature
• Shopping
• Television
• Thrill seeking
• Workaholism
Getting Help for Addiction
• Formal interventions
• Individual therapy
• Group therapy
• Family therapy
• Hospitalization
Codependence Issues
• Codependence is a compulsion to control, take care of, and rescue people by fixing their problems and minimizing their pain
• Enablers are people who support the harmful behaviors of others
• People with codependence issues could benefit from:
– Support groups
– Individual therapy
– Family therapy
Mental Disorders
• Mental/emotional condition that makes it difficult for a person to live in a normal way
• Cause is functional (environmental, stress related, poor coping skills) or organic (physical injuries or illness)
• Six categories of mental disorders:
– Affective -Anxiety
– Dissociative -Personality
– Somatoform -Schizophrenia
Affective Disorders
• Involve extreme moods
• Cause is unknown
• 3 types– Clinical depression
– Bipolar disorder
– Seasonal affective disorder
Anxiety Disorders
• Disorder in which real or imagined fears prevent enjoyment of life, leading to possible panic attacks
• Types– General anxiety disorder (GAD)]
– Phobias
– Obsessive compulsive disorder
– Post-traumatic stress disorder
Dissociative Disorders
• Disorder in which a person has memory loss, confused identity, or more than one identity
• Two types:– Amnesia (inability to recall past)
– Dissociative identity disorder (two or more personalities within the same person)
Personality Disorders
• Disorder in which a person’s patterns of thinking, feeling, and acting interfere with daily living
• Types:– Antisocial (conflict with society)
– Avoidant (avoids social contact)
– Dependent (cannot function without assistance from others)
– Histrionic (emotional outbursts)
– Narcissistic (boastful and conceited)
– Passive-aggressive (overly compliant to mask anger)
Somatoform Disorders
• Symptoms of disease for which no physical cause can be found
• Two types
– 1) Hypochondria- worried about illness
– 2) Conversion disorder-health changes due to a result of emotional state
Schizophrenia
• Disorder in which there is a split or breakdown in logical thought processes
• Split results in unusual behavior
• Paranoia results as well as delusional thinking
Help for Mental Disorders
• Formal interventions
• Medical evaluations
• Medications
• Support groups
• Long-term recovery plans
Concepts of Expressing Emotions in Healthful Ways
• Communication is the sharing of feelings, thought, information with another person
• Healthful ways to express feelings to promote a healthy mind and body are:
– “I” messages
– Active listening
– Nonverbal communication
Anger Management Skills
• Keep an anger self-inventory
• Use self-statements
• Use “I” vs. “you” messages
• Write a letter
• Write in a journal
• Reduce the effects of anger cues by exercising
• Use safe physical actions to blow off steam
• Keep a sense of humor
• Rehearse what to do in situations that you know are your anger triggers
• Talk with a parent/mentor
Health Goal #6: I Will Use Stress Management Skills
• Stress
• Stressor
• Eustress
• Distress
•Identify the following terms
General Adaptation Syndrome
• Three stages:
-Alarm (fight-or-flight syndrome)
-Resistance (homeostasis)
-Exhaustion (illness or disease concept)
Stress Can Affect Status of Ten Areas of Health in One or More Areas
• Mental and Emotional Health
• Family and Social Health
• Growth and Development
• Nutrition
• Personal Health and Physical Activity
• Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drugs
• Communicable and Chronic Disease
• Consumer and Community Health
• Environmental Health
• Injury Prevention and Safety
Stress Management Skills
• Use responsible decision-making skills
• Get enough sleep
• Participate in physical activity
• Use a time-management plan
• Write in a journal
• Change your outlook
• Have close friends
• Talk with parents
• Help others
• Express affection in proper ways
• Care for pets
• Keep a sense of humor
Health Goal #7: I Will Seek Help if I Feel Depressed
• Types of depression
– Minor depression
– Dysthymic disorder
– Major depression
•It is estimated that 8 percent of teens have symptoms of depression
Symptoms of Childhood/Adolescent Depression
• Increased irritability
• Being bored
• Outbursts of shouting, complaining, or crying
• Poor school performance or frequent absences
• Fear of death
• Alcohol or substance abuse
• Frequent nonspecific physical complaints
Causes of Depression
• Inability to cope with a life crisis
• Changes in brain structure
• Genetic predisposition
• Low serotonin levels
• Traumatic family events
• Physical illness/disorders
• Alcohol or other drug use
Risks of Depression
• School performance
• Social isolation
• Drug addiction
• Other addictions
• Physical illnesses
• Mental disorders
• Suicide attempts
Treatment for Depression
• Physical exams
• Therapy
• Medication
Anger and Depression
• Can lead to:
– Inability to cope
– Illness
– Family patterns
– Alcohol/drug use
– Suicide attempts (parasuicide)
Health Goal #8: I Will Use Suicide Prevention Strategies When
Appropriate
• 1) Know suicide hotline numbers
• 2) Know what to do when a person feels depressed
• 3) Help the person build a network of support
• 4) Get the person involved in rewarding activities
• 5) Know what to do if someone shows warning signs of suicide
Health Goal #9: I Will Cope with Loss and Grief in Healthful Ways
• Grief is an intense emotional suffering caused by loss
• Causes of grief are:– Changes in the family -Changes in living condition
– Death of a friend -Suicide
– Death of a well-known person -Tragedies in the news
– The end of something special -Holidays
Healthful Ways to Respond to a Loss
• There are no rules about grieving
• Each person grieves in his/her own way/method
• Crying is a healthful expression of emotions and helps release bottled-up tension
• Responses to grief are based on:
– Who we are
– Whom or what we have lost
– How much day-to-day life has changed
Health Goal #10: I Will Be Resilient in Difficult Times
A life crisis is an experience that causes a high level of stress
To be resilient is to be able to adjust, recover, bounce back, and learn from difficult experiences
Resiliency Skills
• Most people respond to a life crisis by working through 5 emotional responses (Kubler-Ross,1997)
• Denying
• Being angry
• Bargaining
• Being depressed
• Accepting
Chapter 6Chapter 6
Mental and Emotional Health