Mentoring and Coaching:Feedback for Better TeachingPRESENTED BY SCHAUNA FINDLAY, PH.D.

Mentoring and Coaching:Session Overview

In this session we will address ways of providing feedback to teachers through conferences, reflection journals, and walk-through debriefs all with the goal of helping teachers improve their practice in one or more domains.  Samples of practice will be examined and discussed.

3Let’s begin with a definition

What is

coaching?

4Coaching is:IndividualizedJob-embeddedTimelySupportiveStimulatingChallenging

What is the Impact of Coaching?

Research has identified many benefits of for teachers. Some of them area reduced sense of isolation, an ability to implement new teaching

strategies effectively, a positive school climate, and a revitalized faculty

6Characteristics of Effective Coaching

Supportive of others Listens and responds with honesty while being

empathetic Provides feedback with specific rationale Maintains self-esteem Withholds judgment by presenting facts Requires strong communication skills

Communication Skills for Coaching

Questioning (5 deep) Silence (curious listening and wait time) Paraphrasing Summarizing Non judgmental/factual Positive non-verbal communication

What is Effective Questioning?

Asking the right question is at the heart of effective communication. By using the right questions, you can improve a range of communications skills: for example, you can collect more specific information, build stronger relationships, support people more effectively and lead others to become more self-reflective.

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Tell me how you think the lesson went. Why do you think a (particular element) was effective? Explain to me what you were looking for in student work. Describe for me how you chose (a particular element) for

this lesson?

Examples of Effective Questions

10Questioning 5 Deep

Choose a topic to coach It typically takes at least 5 questions on that same topic

to get to the REAL issues with that topic. You should prepare at least 5 questions, but you have to

LISTEN to the “coachee’s” responses. Their responses often give you the next question.

Just asking the questions you have prepared and not listening INVALIDATES everything the person is saying. You MUST listen!

Curious Listener

A curious listener listens with a purpose and with an inquisitive mind Why is curious listening important? It allows the coach to:

Scaffold questions Provide feedback Paraphrase the coachee’s responses Summarize the discussion Read body language

Tip: If you find it difficult to focus on what someone is saying, try repeating their words mentally as they say them - this will reinforce their words in your memory and help you control mind drift. You may also need to keep notes of the coachee’s responses. Why would this be important?  

Paraphrasing

Paraphrasing is restating what the other person said in an objective manner even when emotions may be interfering. It can also provide the coach time to process the teacher's response and develop the next question.

Sample phrases that can be used in the paraphrasing process: “You are saying…” “In other words…” “I gather that…” “If I understand what you are saying…” “You’re suggesting…” “So, you…” “Recapping…” “What I heard you say…”

Summarizing

Summarizing information ensures that both participants in the conference are clear about what has been discussed and any decisions that have been made. Like paraphrasing, it also provides opportunities for the coach to provide academic feedback to the coachee.

Examples of starter phrases that lead to a summarizing statement: “Some key ideas we have discussed are…” “If I understand you, you feel this way about [describe]…” “I think we agree on this. What we are saying is …” “In talking about this area, we have come up with three main ideas…”

Non-verbal communication

Nonverbal communication is facial expressions, such as, smiles, gestures, eye contact, and even one’s posture. When used in a positive manner it shows the person with

whom you are talking that you are indeed actively listening. It can make the teacher comfortable and confident that their opinion is valued.

When used in a judgmental manner, it can make a teacher feel uncomfortable and unwilling to share their opinions and thoughts.

Components of non-verbal communication

Eye contact – Look directly at the individual and maintain eye contact

Body posture – Maintain body posture that signifies openness to others’ ideas

Physical distance – Position yourself next to the teacher as opposed to across a table. This leaves you open to a conversation as opposed to a more formal situation.

ApplicationActivity—Video Analysis

We will watch portions of a pre- and post-conference that occurred before and after classroom observations

The slide in your presentation contains questions for you to reflect on and answer after you watch the video. You will share with a partner.

Skills of Effective Coaching in Pre-Conference

5th Grade Math Quadrilateral Pre-conference

Skills of Effective Questioning/Coaching in Pre-Conference

Sample Pre-Conference Questions Tell me about this lesson. Where does this lesson fall within the unit? What do you expect the student to know and be able to do as a result of this lesson? How will you know if students have mastered the objective? What changes or adjustments will you need to make if students do not show evidence

they have mastered the objective/sub-objectives? How will you communicate your expectations? What procedures and routines do you have in place? Is there anything you would like for me to pay special attention to?

Sample Pre-Conference Questions

If students will be in groups… How do you decide on the instructional grouping? How do you hold each group accountable? How do hold individuals accountable? How do you assess the performance of each group? How do you assess the performance of individuals?Strength/Improvement focus… Is there an indicator on the rubric you are especially working on? Is there anything in particular related to the rubric that you would like for me to watch

for?

Sample Pre-Conference Questions

Conclusion… How can I support you in your goals for this lesson? Is there anything else that I need to know?

Reflection

For 30 seconds reflect on what we have discussed during this session. Turn to a partner and explain for two minutes each what aha’s and

questions you have regarding coaching and questioning. What are the skills that you will need to continue to strengthen as a

mentor for your teachers. What actions will you need to take for this to occur?

Partners should: listen for “golden nuggets” that can be shared with the entire

group practice listening, asking follow-up/probing questions, and

paraphrasing

Skills of Effective Coaching in Post-Conference

Skills of Effective Coaching Clip 3

Skills of Effective Coaching in Post-Conference

How did the conference leader lead the teacher to self-reflect on the lesson? How did the conference leader support the teacher in identifying the area of

relative strength? How did the conference leader support the teacher in identifying the area for

growth? How did the conference leader justify the improvement area selected? How did the conference leader support the teacher in strengthening the area of

strength? What is your evidence that the teacher obtained new learning as a result of the

post-conference? Were the conference leader’s objectives for the teacher met?

Reflection

For 30 seconds reflect on what we have discussed during this session. Turn to a partner and explain for two minutes each what aha’s and

questions you have regarding coaching and questioning during the pre- and post-conference.

What are the skills that you will need to continue to strengthen as a mentor/coach for your teachers. What actions will you need to take for this to occur?

Partners should: listen for “golden nuggets” that can be shared with the entire

group practice listening, asking follow-up/probing questions, and

paraphrasing

Stand Up, Hand Up, Pair Up

HOW DO YOU OR CAN YOU USE REFLECTION JOURNALS AS A WAY TO COACH TEACHERS?

IN WHAT WAYS DO YOU USE WALK-THROUGH DEBRIEFS TO COACH TEACHERS?