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No. 36 KEIO UNIVERSITY (PA'.i.C.e.i(post'age ifielugive) : X'P"2oo'5:gg) Dec., 1952

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Decter Course to be Settled ]Next Spring Di-

rector Hashimoto Says

Director Hashimoto told at theinterview with a reporter of KeioDaigaku Shinbun that the univer-sity authorities is ready to have theadmission regarding the settlementof the doctor course expected tobe available next sprmg. According to him, one who isA.M. and still studying a specialsubject to take the doctor course,or who'has already taken thedegree cf A wo. in a foreign countryis qualified to enter the course.

A doctar course student has totake more than twenty units inminimum three years' residenceand offer a thesis for the doctordegree. The doctor degree will begiven to successed students in boththesis and the final examination.

Up to now, the ratification of the Ministry of Education has beenneeded for the doctor degree, but

after the settlement of the course it is given in the responsibility of tke university authorities.

The chief difference, he said, between the master course and the doctor course is that; in the former a student must be in the course for minimum two years, and offer a thesis while staying in the course, and then must be successed in the final exarnination, however, in the latter a student can offer a thesis ttsren after the graduation.

EXCHANGE OF PERSONSPROGRAM BETWEEN THEUNITED STATES & JAPAN The United States Governmenthas announced the program-theFulbright and Smith-Mundt pra-gram which gives assistance toJapanese to go to the United Statesfor the purpose of graduate study,research, lecturing or teaching.

i The program has as lts objectivea growing friendship between theUnited States and Japan resultingfrom increased knowledge andunderstanding of each others cul-ture and the promotion of interna-tional scholarship. '

Tvvo competitions will be heldthis fall for the Japanese whowish to do graduate work in theUnited States during the accademicyear beginning September, 1953.The fall competition will be for

a limited number of all-expenseawards which combine Fulbright

travel grants and Smith-Mundt} dollar grants to cover tuition and maintenance cots. The applicants must go through due formalities by the l5th of Nov- ember. In addition to the above competition being held this autumn, there wi!l be another competition for individuals who have been snc- cessiul in arranging through their own efforts for dollar support to cover tuition and living expenses and who wish to apply for a grant to cover the cost of travel.

Competition foi Fulbright grant to be awrded to Japanese teacher, research scholars and lectures will be announced at later dates.

MeTAFEST1VALENDS 1

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DOCTOR WAKSMAN DUE HERE Dr. Selman A, Waksrnan is ex-pected to appear in the YomiuriHal! to deliver a lecture on Decem-b{)r 20 in response to the invitationto the anniversary making the 100thb],rthday of the late Dr. Shibasabu-ro Kitazato.

The anniversaryis being plannedby the faculty of Medecine of KeioUniversity, Kitazato Laboratoryand Japan Phyisicans Association.

. The ceremony is scheduled tobegine 1.oo p.m., and after the open-ing address by Dr. Taichi Kitajima,a lecture entitled "Dr. Kitazato andJapan" is to be delivered, but thelecturer has not yet been appointed.

hen Dr. Waksman is to speak andSiE,is subiect is expected to be on

"DiscoveryofStreptomycine".Latera dinner party will be given at theImperial Hotel at 5 p.m.. The invi-tation of Dr. Waksman' was plann-

ed to honor his valuablecontribu- tion to the treatment of the tuber- culosis as the later Dr. Kitazato too is noted for his work on the same distres-b. The contact with him is still being sought through theYomi- uri Press, and there is a sure hopethat we shall be able to see him.

Medicai Intership andNational Enamination

System Change The Ministry of Welfare hasdeclared that the existing nationalexamination and internship will beimproved radically from next year.The detalls of the plan are asfellows.

1) A clinical test (oral) will be used together with a written ex- amination. 2) The written examination wil! be shortened. By the existing law, three days are needed, but from next year it will be one day for a written examinatiop-.

3) A clinica} examination is ten mmutes per one examlnee. 4) Subjects of Examination are two, Clinic and Public Hygiene. One reason for abolishing the existing internship, the MedicalStudents Autonomous Organization

says, is that the clinica! lecture is of no use for the national examina- tion, and they are not paid under their one year internship.

Industrial and Bnssiness

Education Wanted

The importance of industrial andbusiness education is vitally con-nected with the eurrent issue ofscheol graduates obtaining jobs.The educational authorities shovedindustrial education into the back-ground, because this othce was somuch occupied in the implementa-tion of the occupation sponsored6-3 educational system. This is the reason why vocationaleducation was neglected in thesenior high4school which was amere preparatory school for ad-mission to college, or univer-sity. Such a phenomenon is, ofcourse, responsible for a critic-ism against those graduates fromuniversities based upon the 6-3educatienal system, that they wereof no use. The government hadniade no tangible effort to upholdindustrial education despite enact-ment of the existing IndustrialEducation Improvement Law earlythis year. It is quite timely thatthe japan Federation of EmployersAssociation had filed with the Edu-cation Ministry its recommenda-tion for the perfecting of the higherbusiness school and basic renova-tion of the 6-3 system university.

DELEGATE OF Y.M.C.A.TO DEPART FOR THEWORLD CONSERENCE

Mr. Terao, a senior studentof the Faculty of Economics, wasreported to be going to India forthe World Christian Conference asa delegate of Japan Y. M. C. A.He started on Decernber 4th byairways to Travancare in India.

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ENGLISH EXAMINATION CONTEST HELD The Intercol!egiate EnglishDrama Contest was held on Nev-ember 7 and 8, at the Yomiuri Hallunder the auspices`of the FourUnivers!ty English Drama Associa-tion. Keio English Speaking Socie-ty presented "The Dear Departed"written by Stanley Haughton, Eng-lish play writer, under the directionof Yuzuru Higuchi, a senior studentof Keio who has just returned frema year's study at Yale Universityas a GARIOA scholar. The playerswere almostly KESS sophomorestudents. As the result, Rikkio Universitywas given the first prize, and Keioobtained a third prize for good in-dividual actinq.

The conference is to be held forabout two weeks from December11th to 25th, and peace problems,nationalism and the substance ofChristianlty will be discussed there.About 300 delega,tes from all overthe world will attend the conference,especially this time, delegates fromthe countries over "the iron cur-tain" are to be present. Studentsof Soviet Russia are invited too.Mr. Terao is going to take manyproblems, such as the peace pro-blem of Japan between the U.S.A.and U.S.S.R. Below we quote from his speech: "I am going to India for theWorld Christian Conference. TheConference is held in India and themany delegates of Asian ceuntrieswi!l be present. Then world isdivided into two groups. The hos-tility between these two is cold andweird. Christianity, however, hasa broad influence on these twogroups and almost all the world isexpecting Christianity will con-tritute greatly to world peace."

SUCCasS The Mita-Festival was helclsplendidly for two days on the HiHof Mita under the auspices of KeiGCulturalOrganization League. enaccount of the fine weather, thous-ands of people, families or friendsof undergraduates, came on thecampus to see the fruits of under-graduates' studies for the past oneyear.

In this seven years since the War,our campus recovered from thedamaged and came to posses anhomour and Lreputation as in pre-war days. Simultanedously with thisrebuilding, Students' cuitural Orga-nization League has made goodefforts in every field, such as, Arts,Music, Hobbies, Extra CurricularStudies, Natural Science etc. As aresult of their efr'orts, the contentsof the organization are now perfectas none of other uni'gersities standcomparison with us. To show thefruits of students' effort$ this"pageanV' came to be held fromlast year.

Festival was very successful onboth days, especiaily on Sunday, ahelicopter of the American FarEast Air Forces came at the requestof Keio Students Aviation Associa-tion and !anded c,n the schoolground. The pilots exp!ained thefaculties of the machine and show-ed their skilful flying closely abovespectator. Also, on the groundthere were a huge jet engine, twelvecylinder liquid-cooled engine, eigh-

teen cylinder air-cooled engine andmany examples of flying suits and

i survival equipments were exhibit-ed, all loaned by the U.S. Air ForcetoitheAviationAssociatien. Theymade the biggest hit of the day.

In the school buildings, many ex- hibitions were displayed bY each association. An Art exhibition, Photographs, Television, Penman- ship and other materials or datas were met with public approval. Concert, Drama, Dance Moving Pictures werenot free, but they absorbed hundreds of people.

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Page 2 KEIO UNIVERSITY December, 1952

KEgo LosEsCMAMPEONSHIP The Traditional Keio-Wasedabasebal! series, on which the tit!eof the Tokyo Big Six IntercollegiateBaseba!1 League's autumn seasonwas hang!ng on the balance, wasplayed before a cheering crowd oithirty theusands at theMeijiShrineStadium for three days from Nov-ember the first. Keio Iost thisserles and the Ernperor's Cup afterhard fighting. Keio therefore hasfifty victories and sixty !osses inthe K-W matches in their historyof fifty years. The Firs[ Game: Waseda's ace Ishii harassed Keiobatters with his keen drop andspeedy ball and shut out Keio, giv-ing them only four hits. On the other hand, Wased gain-ed twe runs, seizing the chance bytwo lucky hits assisted by the sunand Matsumoto's error in the firstinning. They added one rnore run!n the seventh inning and coppedthe first game.

K OOO OOO OOO 041 W 2DO OOO IOA 360 The Second Game: This day was iucky for Keio,which was presented four runswithout a hit by three errors ofWaseda's defense-troop at theirpinch and knocked out "yesterday'shero" Ishii. Moreover Fukuzawaslammed a running home run. Keiobatted hits and wrested s!x runs,while Waseda banged seven hitsagainst Kawai and got two runs. W OOO IIO OOO 274 K OO0 410 10A 661 The Final Garne: This game was most exciting and

and full of thrills. In the firstWaseda banged two hits, lncludmga double by Numazawa, and earneda run against Keio's ace Kawai,whosepitchinglackedspeedbecauseof his working on the meund forthe previous two gafi es. Succes-sively in the second inning, Wase-da's rookie, Edamura, knocked two-runs-homer over the !eft fencewhich spelled Waseda's victory. Butthe Keio rooters waved their blue-red and blue flags to encouragetheir nine and they showed uncon-querable spirits KawaiheldWasedahitlessdespitehisweariness. In the fifth inningcaptain Matsumoto hit a clean hitwhich brought a run to Keio. Inthe sixth mning, the most beneficia!chance came to Keio. Keio attack-ed Ishii, whose bal]s had been an-noying them, with three hits includ-mg a double by Taneda, but missedthis opportunity to score a run, forHanai fatally ran os,er the third-base. Thus, Keio lost the champion-ship,Jthough ace Kawai hurled hero-icaliy through 25 innings in threesuccessive days. K OOO OII OOO 260 W 120 000 oox 341 It seems tha.t the outcome of thegames didn't depend upon the dif-ference of their abilities betweenKeio and Waseda, but upQn thedifference of their conditions andfortunes. The Goddess of Victorywinked at Waseda in the first game,srnilled at Keio in the second game,and in the final hesitated, but even-tually she stretched her hands toWaseda.

gcE-HocKEy coMEs TO CLOSE The Tokyo Five Big Universities' Ice-Hockey League came to an end by Meiji's gainmg victory by the score of 4 wins and no defeat, preventing Waseda's continuous VICtOry,

Looking back upon those red-hot fights, the technique of every play- er has shown a remarkabie pro- gress; however, we couldn't have the oppotunity to see the praise- worthy show of attack and defenÅëern any team.

This may be because though theplayers had learned much from theAmerican Metropolitan Team in-

vited last January, they haven't yetcompleted the foundation of the

teamwork enough to learn thernethod of attack from the Metro-paIitan Team.

Though the five-men attack wasseen as the enly one they haveobtained from the MetropolitanTeam, this achievement was not soformidable as to be noticed on ac-count of their speedless defence,except Keio and MeiJi.

Owing to the beginning of theseason, m addition to the deficiencyin their trainning every team wascompelled to use new players. Itmust be unreasonabie to wish abunch of things in every respectunder these poor conditions; never-theless, we'really wish them to learnmore about the pass work of theartack as the most.important pro-blem. As for the Keio team, Wakai andFujim.ori of the first forward haveshown a prompt progress and havebecome much speedier. Their passwork was formidabie, though Yuki-noura could not keep up with themcompletely. Those attackers wi!1be sure to show us nicer techniquein their play after their harmoniza-tion is pursued someday. The de-fenders and the goalkeeper werepowertul in defence. Particularly,the defenders marked their rivalsaccurateiy and prevented themfrom their getting points. However,we are very regretful that they areinsuthcient in physical strength,and their attacking power was re-duced by half; and this caused thedrawn-garrie against both Wasedaand Hosei teams. (Niro ehtake)

lKEIO BEATS WASEDA IN K-W AUTO RACE Thirteen universities competed in the first all Japan intercollegiate auto time race between Tokyo and Osaka (364 miles) on Nov. 15th. Tokyo Engineering Coliege cap-tured the championship cup by therecord of 13 hours and a half at thespeed of 60-70 Kiro an hour on anaverage.

Our Keio, Ford '41 2 door sedantook sixth in 18 hours and 58 min.while Waseda, Packard '33 phaetontook eighth by about one hour Iaterthan Keio.

Mr. Takano, Manager of KeioAuto Club stated his impression asfo!lows, "The All Japan StudentsAuto Association requested 13 hoursfor us as the standard to run thiscourse. This, however, compels usto run beyond the speed limit.

And we, both Keio and Waseda,rejected the request, and ran thiscourse, Ieaving victory out ef ac-count, at the speed of 30 mi!es anhour night-time and 35 miles day-time. In fact we managed our carwith an idea to beat Waseda m K-W Auto-Race:' '

LIBRARY SCHOOL STUDENTS AiVSi'ARDED SCHOLARSHIP

Japan Library School of KeioUniversity announced en Nov. 21that eight students were awardedscholarships which some interestedpersons and the Japan UniversityWomen's Assoclation presented tothe school. The names of scholarships afidthe students are as follows:The director's scholarship .................................... Arakawa TetsuroMajor Glenna K. Crew's scholar- ship ............ChikagawaSumikoMiss June Newton's scholarship No. 1 ...... .......... ekabe ToshioMiss June Newton's scholarship No. 2.... ................Sato KoshiroMr. Emmet K. Kinnes's scholarship No.1 ............WatanabeShigeoMr. Emmet K. Kinner's scholarship No. 2 ................. Shiiba MotokoYapan University Women's Associa- tion scholarship No. 1 ............... •..•..••. ..•........ Shibahara MidoriJapan University Women's Associa- tion scholarship No. 2 ,..... . ...... ......,..............,..Tokunaga Sumi

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A plan to build a three-storiedconcrete school building which hasa total fioor space of 720 tsubo and

contains !6 classrooms at the site

of the ex-dormitory on HiyoshiCampus is now under way. If allgoes well, they are to start workwithin this year and expect to com-Iplete the work by next June. i

According to the schooi authori-ties, the aim of the new building is '

not to transfer a!1 the Facuity of,Econornics to Hiyoshi as have been I

rumoured among some students,]but Just to abolish the tseparate school-house of huts. i l IKI l The Hiyoshi Automous Com-} imittee of the Faculty of Eco-inomics (Rizai) recently surveiedithe students' opinions about the re- F

armament, conscription and other tthings. The results having notl

a

This year, niany boys andi their

parents came up to Hiyoshi in ses-sion and it seemed that through the

advantage of experience as we!1 as

al! the boys' enthusiasm it mademore progress than ever before.

A meeting for lecture and movieon China was he!d at Hiyoshi, onNovember !3, under the 3ointauspices of the Hiyoshi PeaceSecurity Associatien, the Chnneselanguage class and the }IiyoshiAccademy. Mr. M. Shimada, aspecialist on Chinese literature,

unpopular i well known as the translator of the

Chinese novel "Chao-Chu Story", made a speech that, "Today's China is quite d!fferent from what she was before the revolution in in- dustry, politics, iiterature etc, NVe lcan no tonger find in the renovated

China 3ny kind of bribmg, sup- lpression of hu!nan nature and thecleared up yet, the fact is that more ! O!d bUreaucracy, and such oppres.

than half the students are againstlSiOn Of tWO thousand years by the

thesetwopQints. ;SeVere ruling class, that reaiized ,the great change. Following the L " '`" " speech, a Chinese peasantry under Manystudents who svant arbeit, the extortionate taxation of theduring the coming winter vacation l iand holders, was put on the screen

are troubled with the shortage off before the audience of more thanemployment. Thepresentnumberi150. Themeetingwassuccessfuliyof emploryers willing to adopt stud- closed with a mixecl chrous by the

ents including 10 persons of Keihin l Chue-Chorus club at 5.30 p'm.

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MOVIE REVIEW

students were admitted to be intro- iduced to the employers by thel

schoo! employment othce. (Koysai-bu)

ew,ww,mu y,,,, MILACOLO A MILANO (beautiful fantasy azad humor) one beautiful morning in AS.il,

a cheerful old woman, Mrs.Lolottafinds a new-born baby crying undera big cabbage in her garden. Sheis very grateful for this presentfrorn God and calls him by thename of Toto' (Francesco Golisao-no). Under her loving care, hespends his happy days. In his 6thyear, Mrs. Lolotta dies, and he istaken to the orphanage. He leavesth]s institution when he is 18 yearsold. He is a man with kind andwarm heart, His heart shows thekindness he received in his earlycoildhood, Toto' hopes to be auseful man to other people, especi-ally to the poor. His human and kind servicesgathers around him hundreds ofpoormen. He builds with them avillage of huts and temporary bar-racks at the outskirts of Milano. Itis very diMcult to have a calm andpeaceful airs among many residents.Il•8XL2V.e.rg.ti,9,SIE:e,/i,tY{,sa,,CrJI,r8,a,5//l

good restingplace for poor inhabit-ants. He falls in iove with a shypure love for a young girl, Edvidge(Brtnelia Bovo). On the foundation day of theirvillage, they found their village wasan oil-field. A land-lord, Mobbi,dispatched policemen to turningout the poors from his estate andsent engineers to drill oil wells. AttheXmoment, inhabitants were ex-pelling from their village, Lolottadescended from heaven and have amagic dove to Toto'. By this dove,he could do everything h6 wanted.The policemen were driven way byh{s rnag!c. The wllage inhabitants,however, begged him to show moremagic and to make them rich. (Contin"ed on Page 4)

8** Keio Boys Senior High SchcolpresenLed its third Hiyoshisai aliterary exhibition, which was Dneof the biggest functions in thisschool, from 8 to 10 of Novernberunder the auspices of the Student

Association. The programm con-tained a play, broadcasting p!ay,

chorus, musical performances,movie, etc. Besides, the classrooms

were decorated with the works ofextra research.

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HEAD OFFiCE s, Nihombashi Tori San-chorne, Chuo-ku, 1"dkvo, Japan Cable Adaress KALMSEA TOKYO Telepltone F!IHOMBASHt (24) 2161-2167

BRANCHES Oseka. KQbe, Nagoyd, Yokohema, and other Principdl Cities Japan Marine Undersvrit:'ng Agents for

INSURANCE CO. OF NORTH AMERICA, U.S. A.

Gentrel Agents E"rope S)VtLLIS. FABFR G• DUMAS, LONDON.WLLLIS, FABER & PARTNERS LONDON

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ln Japan-We dare sayCycle race is e:}tirely a kind of Sports, bqt-it has more ststnihc;tncc than many other Sports Prekts from the race contrtbute to the reconstructK}rt of the War damaged country ancl protnotingf aitnt)gt- ruined state-industries ! !

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Dec'ember, 1/952 KEIO- UNIVERSITreua

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Tke "ifS:fta Campus Publisher & Editor, Prof. Eiichi Kiyooka Editot in 'Chldf ...... s. Horikoshi

Bitsiness Mgr. ......Y. Tsukamoto Asseciate Edi.tor..... S. Suzqki News Editor ........ T. Kobayashi Feature Editor. ...... M. Takab atake dvertising Mgr. . . . . I. WatanabeNee...irculation Mgr. . . . . Y. Katsuta

'; Advisers Prof; Mikio Hirarnatsu. "T ect. Hideo Nishioka.

OFFICE: The Mita Campus, Keio Univ. Mita, Shiba, Minatoku, Tekyo OthceTel.: Mita(45)5181-88

Printed by The Taiheiyosha Press

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The problems everybody thinks'"ought to+be must be solved bygentleman-like negbtiation. Fre-edom of study and.the automonyof the tuniversitY are' realized bnlyby Keio students' conStructive andpositive activities. To succeed theproperty of our superior' such qsfreedom of study and' the autonomyof university will be either possibleorii possible,dependingonwhetherour new committee acts stronglyfor the problems above mentioned. It ean be said that the.mission ofthe newly united Autonomous Com-mittee is very hard when we con-sider this diMcult age.

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PRESS COMMENV• e NEW AUTONOMOVS COMMITTEE KEIe GIJUKU DAIGAKU SHIN- BLTNT (KEIO UNIVERSITY PRESS) The Student Autonomous Com- mittee was reunited this October with a great- expectation of all Keio stqdents. At this tlme of facingthe reactionism of the general situa-tw tion, the tasks imposed upon the newlY united committee must be very important. First of all, it is the positive objection to a!1 kind of systems for w.ar seen in rearma- ment and draft wlaich is now being undertakeh against the wlll and hope of our youth. Secondly, it is to put i.nto movement the students' eager desi'res for impreving the welfare with which they have been unsatisfied. It is coni.sidered that the rearma- ment program which has been re- alized steali'ng our people's eyes, since the outbreak of Korean War, will be turned into the iormal war potentia], according as victo'ries of the con,-servatives, both Japan's central election and the pres!denti- al el'ection in the United States, And it is very ox'cen rumored that the draft in which we are most in- terested, wil,I be available imposed in the near iuture. Therefore it is apparently necessary to set up the calm anid comfortahle social en- vironments for us students who are studyingcr under such anxious condi- tions as mentioned. The dreadful cenery of the bombed big Hall on Mita Camptis and the camoufiage painted on the ,white school build- ing on Hiyoshi Campus which seem to symbolize the past dark age are showing us the valuable lesson that all are reduced to •nething, if war happens. What we expect for the new com- mittee is that, as a fundamental matter, they are active enough to try to realize the students' will 'agamst rearmament and draft. In oraier to dG that, they have to.get away from `Lhe narrow sectionalism whicn has existed in the past, corn- bine therrtselves alone the line of objection to the rearmament pro- gram, and at the same time, that they carry into real;'ty orkr tradi- tional spirit' of resistance 'against what'v'iolates our freedom."tsl't.

The resistance by Keio against such power has been nothing but negative. Thenegative resistance meant•, orr one side, something "s.mart". J-t was alreadv seen dur- ing the war that one unwillingly submitted, once being a disadvan- tage. The pew committee must break off thi's spirit of resistance of intelligentsia, and read all Keio the

students. • . As fG-r the second problem, there is improvement on the side of ma- terial ahd spiritual background of the campus life. It might be well to p.ick up the problem. s of improv- ing the installations for research, such as the Iibrary. Moreover, bet- terment of• cafeteria and school building, rebirth of the seminar of the Political Faculty, etc. Tlrere are man.y other problems which must be solved urgently. As for the settlement of the$e problems,$ it is desirable to contact the school auYh.orities, respecting the students'

oplnlons. Besides these material problems, the unfavourable behaviour.of workers on campus, the claims for the subversive activities of some students organizations and many other are left to be solved. For the improvement and betterment of our cellege life, it is necessary to lead all problems ln such a direc- tion as to settle them with the trust and•cooperation of all Keio.

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A HISTORY OF EN'GZ,ESH LITERATU'RE. By Emile LEGOUES & 'Louis CAZAMMN. Revised Ed. 1951. (London). 12.5x19.5cm., 1401 pages. \990rEVERYMAitabL".S S.II.viALLER CLAssECAL D!CTXONARY. Revised from SirWil- liam Smith, by E. ]i[. Biakeney & 7. WarMington. 1952 (London). 13x20cm., 319 pages, with 54 photos.

\685.-AN ENGLESel PRONOCYNCXNG DIC- TIONARY; Containing' 56,300 Words ik internationai Phonetic Ttanscription. By Daniel JONES.' 11th Ed., revised, with Supplemen"'. 1950 (London). 13.5Å~20cm., xxvii, 490 pages.i, \685r

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Page 4 } EIO UNIVERSITY December, l952

Retrospections on Our

Trade D"ring

By Takekatsec Okuta A4ana.crer of Foreign DePa7'Xment,

It was with a great dea! or" ex-pectation and jubilation that theyear 1952 was hailed as the yearwhen the Peaee Treaty was to takeeffect. But the blessings weresomewhat qua!ified as the yearadvanced because a sovereign Ja-pan had to facemany knotty pro-blems, economic and political aswell as domestic and international. Particularly in the phase of com-merce and trade which are alwaysmost susceptible to influencesabroad, we had very often to ex-perlence difuculties in defendingour rights and interests that invol-ved externa! re!ations, while it wasnecessary for us to fortify ourinternal systems and structures soas to withstand universal competi-tion. To cite a few instances alonefrom among the principal issues ofinternational significance, we havewitnessed Japan's participation mthe InternaLLional ]N(Ionetary Fundand the International Bank forReconstruction and Development,her unsuccessful entry to the Gene-ral Agreement on Tariffs andTrade, the opening of Anglo-Japa-nese Over-Ail Payments Agreementand the !nternationa! Cotton Par-ley, and talks on the developmentof the Southeast Asia and RedChina ma"rkets.

On the other hand, a train ofevents occurred in domesti'c finan-cial fields, including the reductionot bank's mterest rates, permissionfor Japanese foreign exchangebanks to hold foreign currenciesCU.S. dollars) on their own accountand opening of overseas branchesby some banks, the abolishment ofthe Foreign Exchange ControlBoard and establishment of theForeign Exchange Bureau of theFinance Ministry, and lastly thetransfer of substantia! portion ofGovernment's foreign currencyholdings for the deposit with theJapanese foreign exchange banks.i The earlier quoted mternationalssues vvrere !ong anticipated for,and we ought to have been fullyprepared for them. And yet wehave to admit that our manner ofdisposing of them was far fromsatisfactory. It may not be the

Foreign

Year a952

Daiichi Bank

writer of this article alone who iskeeniy reminded with chagnn ofthe costly blankness of the past tenyears, during which we had beencompelled to be m an unavailingpassive positien without 1ittlechance for voicing our stand to theworld. we must overcome the on- lrush of diMculties which may befall tus with all our might and tenacityof purpose, so as to make ourselvesmaster of our own fate and not itsslave. The internal problems are close-!y rated to external ones. In !inewith the changes in inteinationalconditions, various internal systemsand structures a[e being reinforcedso as to cope with the present ornot-too-distant future circumstan-ces. So for, their.ternal transitione.eems to have taken place rathersatisfactonly as deme3tic renova-tions can be done without muchfriction.

Nevertheless, as matters stand,we are still in a pMable stage ofmerely trylng to follow the patternof other countries. So long as welinger where we are, it is obviousthat nothing worthy of notice canbe achieved in our future foreigntrade. Japan is ]acking in natural re-sources, whereas she has far m$repopulation than she can supportforherself. Furthermore,wehavenot yet fully recovered from thedevastationsofwar-years. Takingthese into consideration, it is on!ynatural that we should have beenunable to spare our strength forany autonomous actlvlty fer im-proving our external conditions.However, now is the high time thatwe should depart once for all fromour past attitude oi sheer modestyand passiveness. Based on a long-range policy of our own, we shouldvoice our stand more articulatelyand take a lead in all spheres ofinternational activities.

"We rnust make ourseives self-reliable and strong in a true senseso -that we can cultivate our owndestiny, in stead of abandoningourselves to the mercy of wir d andwaves." This is ! y impression onreviewing this year's foreign tradeand is also my visie'n for next year.

te Interfiationag

The laovernmefltConstitgtioca1

]Keio Cenwibutes

Exchafige Progfam By Prof. E. T. MooreJmpan Library School ol Keio Untversily

We have been pleased in recentyears in our universities in theUnited States to meet many profes-sors and librarians from Japan whohave come to our country for visitsunder the international programfor the exchange of persons amongculturalinstitutions. Amongthosefrom Keio, for example, who havevisited my own university, theUniversity of California at LosAngeles, are President Ushioda,Professor Nagamichi Hanabusa,and Associate Keio Librarian HideoKarasawa. Nowit is the privilegeof the visiting facu lty of the JapanLibrary School to come to Japanand to see again some of the manypersons whom we saw so briefly inArnerica Keio University is one of numer-ous universities in the free countr-ies of the v;ror!d which are further-ing this program of internationalexchange of personnel. With theassistance of the Rockefeller Foun-dation and the Amierican LibraryAssociation, the University is con-tinuing the program of educationfor hbrarianship which was begunin 1951 with the establishment ofthe Japan Library School. Thevisiting professors know that teach-ing in this school offers an unusualopportunity to obserye and toparticipate !n an increasingly vigor-ous program of hbrary servicethroughout Japan. Llbrar!ans in all parts of the freeworld are aware that in criticaltimes such as the present librarieshave a greater responsibility thanever before to preserve the princi-ple of the dissemination of ideas.

They are particularly conscious ofthe fact that free libraries cannotundertake propaganddstic acUvitieswithout losing their own freedom;and when they are subjected to thepressure of those whc would like touse Iibraries to promote partisanideas or to suppress ideas they donot believe ln librarians muststaunchly maintain their freedomand their objectivity. A largernumber of carefully trained andintelligent young librarians aregreatly needed, in Japan and inevery democratic country, toadvance the fundamental principlesof free librarianship.

Librarians believe that it is im-portant to promoto the principle ofcooperation and mutual assistanceamong libraries in all nations, andt'nat one of the best means ofachieving this is through increasedawarcness and understanding ofone aiiother's probleMs. We hope,that this program of exchange eflibrarians and teachers and stu-dents between our countries andother nations will flourish in theyears to come, and that librariescan continue to gain strength fromeach other, as they are certain todo through such cooperation.

..Japan is a wonderfully hospit-able country, and the visitingLibrary School Professors here ap-preciate the friendliness of univer-sity students and their receptive-ness to ideas.for bettering libraryservice. Some ef these presentstudents of librarianship wi!1 per-haps continue their studies in theUnited States or in other countries.

tl

The By Dr.

Editor'sNote: Dr.Beckmann isone of the few Americans who arestudying Japanese. He is now ap-proaching Japanese constitutionalthought under one year scholarship,and he can splendidiy read andwrite either old or today's 3apa-nese.

Meiji

George M. Beckman

In 1890 the government oi Japanbegan to function according to theprovisions of the ITV[eiji Constitu"-ion.

This constitution was not onlythe political culmination of the re-storation of imperial ru!e in 1868but was also the ultimate solutionto the general probiem cf govern-ment that confrcnted the politicalleader's ef Japan after the over-throw of the Tokugawa Shogunate Leaders kke Kido Koin andOkubo Toshimichi carne to realizethat Japan cpuld not be governedin the old rnanner. The disin-tegration of the Tokugawa feudalsystem and the end of exclusionhas created serious economic andsocial problems as well as dangersto national security, and they sawthe need for a strong centraigovernment that cou!d effectivelyreforn society aud devlop the coun-try's strength. Utihzing the pre-stige of the Emperor, these leadersformed a centrai government inwhich they exercised polkicalpower as an oligarchy in theEmperor's name. . It was against a background ofpolitical, economic, zand social re-forms that the question of a cen-stitntion became an importantissue in the early years of the Meijiperiod. Thegovernmentoligarchs,whose attention was devoted to thesolution of such practical problemsas industrialization and the deve-lopment of military power, weredetermined to create a nationalsovereign state, and they came tofeel that the best road to nationalreconstruction lay in strengtheningthe institution of imperial govern-ment as the instrument of reform.Their political program grew outof the practical requirements ofchanging conditions, and theirinterest in political theor'y deve-loped essentially out of the needto defend their policies againstincreasing criticlsm. The constitutional thought ofKido, Okubo, and Iwakura Åërystal-lized in a per!od in which theirpolicies were seriously challen.credby the Satsuma-led conservativereaction to modernization; andtheir methods by the incipientdemocratic movernent which at-tacked the instrument of rnoderni-zation, the centra!ized state inwhich political power was monopol-ized by a few leaders. After the Satsuma Rebelhon,the maJor political problein wasthe establishment of a constitutionthat was acceptable to the ieadersof the government and those dig-contented groups that were organi-zed into a democratic movement.The authoritarian bias of the

01igarcy

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leaders of the government, theirpreoccupation with such piesstngProblems as industrialization andmiiitary preparedness, and theirconstant fear of factionalism ingovernment caused them to rejecttheroies of representative government and turn to German conce"tsof the supremacy of the state. By 1881, however, the democratic,movement reached such propor-tions that the government foundit mcreasingly dithcult to ignorethe demand for a parharnent.However, whiie the leaders of thegoverntnent did promise th:,s con-cession in 1881, their guidingprinciple in drafting a consti:utionwas the creatlon of a strong,centralized government with theleast $acrifice of power en theirpart; moreover, they vvere deter-mined to estabksh a politicalorthodoxy which would maintainthe stability of a capitalistic societydominated by rural Iandlords andthe ZAIBATSU. The Meiji Constitution was basi-cally a comprormse embodying theauthoritarian political philosophyot the oligarchs and the representa-tive assembly demanded by thedemocratic movement. While the oligarchs did concedethe estabiishment of a parliarnent,they "rere careful to place sl)eci-fic 1imitations upon the powersof the legislature. Applying thecloctrine that the supreme politicalpower rested in the person of theEmperor, the oligarchs establisheda government in which they con-tinued their control as the Emper-or' s ministrers. In the final analysis,through their dominant position inthe cabinet, the Suprerne Com-mand, the Privy Council, and thelmperial Household Mmistry, theeligarchs transformed the mechan-ism of their power into modernpolitical forrns sanctioned by awritten constitution and buttressedby a renewed bmphasis upon Shintoand orthodox Contucianism.

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MEMORABLECHRISTMAS

Under favorable world conditionslibrarians in all parts of the worldwill become better acquainted witheach other through such exchanges,and-a freer interchange of ideaswil! result from this cooperation. Although education for !ibrarian-ship is a recently developed pro-gram at Keio, the idea oi studyingthe culture and enterprise of otherpoples is of course traditiona! inthis University. Yukichi Fukuza-wa's endeavors toward achieving acosmopol!tan viewpoint can be fur-thered today thiough present pro-grams of international cultural ex-change We are honoredtto beamong the participants in thisprogram through our work withthe Japan Library School at Keio.

By YzticltiSaito " " [] . Every year when Christmas comesaround, a vivid memory crosses mymind. I might not call it only astory; it lis a precious example ofhumanity which reached beyondthe boundary of races. It was about seven years ago,when Japan had been entirely de-feated by the Allied Powers' rashattacks, espEcia!Iy their successiveair-raids. I945's Christmas was notso good for all the Japanese; itmight be considered as the worst,There were, however, so!ne excep-tional people even in those days.We, my parents, brother, and 1,were 1iving in Seoul, which as youknow, is the capital of Korea whereall the ears and eyes al! over theworid now are concentrated. On one warm afternoen in thefall, this story began. ! was playingwith my brother beside ehe hedgeof out villa. Then I was 14 years "of E,age and brother 11. 0ur vilTastood on thehill, and there wecouldsee the Kanko-River, which is oneof the longest rivers in Korea, wlnd-ing and refiectjng gleamy sunshineunder our ev. es. At that moment,a voice was, he'ard from the roadbelow the hedge: S`Hello boys; staythere; I'11 take a picture." Surprised, my brother and I stop-ped playing and looked backtorvardthe voice. We saw an Americansoldier with a camera hanging fromhis shoulder who had just taken apicture of us.

(Contintieal on Page 5 )

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Dr. Osama ShimiguAssociate, Department of Chinese and JaPanese, Columbia U77iversity

Editor's Note: Dr. Shimizu is a graduate of Keio Umversity and Coiombia University in the United States. He is now researching his study, history of the Heian-Cho era in Japan under one year scholar- ship. He is expected to stay in japan till July 1953. It is with a keep sense of appre- c!ation that I accent this kind invitatiop.on the part of the Editors of the Mita Campus, in order to introduce, or, perhaps, to many readers merely redescribe, a small but important part of another large unlverslty. Columbia University was origi- nal!y iounded in 1754 [Horeki 4, inthe reign of Emperor Momozono

with the Shogunate under Ieshige, and three years after the death theof Ooka Echizen no Kami Tadastt"

ke], and tlierefore, will celebrate its two hundredth anniversary two3rkrs from now, in 1954. rrhemajor part of Coiumbia University

is its Graduate Faculties, of which three are nonprofessional, those ofPolitical Science, Pure Science, andPhilosophy. Thelast includes theDepartments of Anthropolog}r, Chi-

nese and Japanese, Slavic Langu-ages, Psychology, Fine Arts andArchaeology, Music, and Educa-

tional Research. Chinese studies at Columbia werebegun in 1902 [Meiji 35], the veryyear after the death of the greatYukichi Fukuzawa. This year, thisDepartment celebrates its fiftiethanniversary. It was not until adecade or so !ater that Japanesestudies were initiated. In l937 thepresent Department of Chinese andJapanese was established to com-bine the activities of study of bothcountries mto one department.

This Department offers coursesin various types oC Chinese an(Japanese language, o!d as well asmodern, so that in his research thestudent may be enabled to useoriginal sources in these languages.In addition, a number of lecturecourses and seminars are offeredwhich are designed to explain andinterpret the growth of Chineseand Japanese cwilization and cul-ture through a study of their arts,literature, religions, phil6sophles,and history. The ernphasis on language stem.sfrom its im-portance as a necessarytool for research. The Departmentnow offers five levels of languagestudy in Chinese, and four mnese. Apart from these, there is anlintensive course in each lan.cruagewhich presents to the beginningstudent in oFne year the work nor-mally requiring two. Thus in Japanese, for instance,by the end of the fust two years,or, in the case of the intensivecoucse, at the end of the first year,the student has been trained notortry in the grammar of modernstandard Japanesc kogo), but alsoin the rules of hterary Japanese(bungo. In the third year, after'brief practice m reading literary.Tapanese, the student is introducedinto the readmg of epistolary Japa-nese (soro-bun), and later, intoelementary Kambun. The readermay question the need of trainingin either soyo-bun or Kambun inthe present age, but for studentswho engage in research m pre-Meiji Japan, such training is es-sential, s!nce much of the sourcematerial is written, yvith certainmodifications, in those style. Bythe forth year of study, the student

government, and econonnc prc- biems. Some Far :,astern studies have also been !ncorporated in the curriculum of Columbia Coglege, which is the under.crraduate cGHege of the University. An essentia! part of the prDgram outlined abgve is the Universtty Librarv. Thanks to the efforts of many people, Japanese, Chinese, and American. the University has an excellent collection ot hooks in Chinese and in Japanese, as well as a iarge body of beoks en these areas in European languages. I)VIest of these books are housed in the Far E'a' stern Collec[ion, and thi ough the cooperation of an eMcient statf, this Collection gives both students and faculty the maximum use the books. The card catalog, inLwhich the staff deservedlv takes pride, is practica!ly complete, and the stacks are opeB. Any !egister- ed student may, after consulting the catalog, go stralght ta the stacks, pick out his books, and sign out for them, or, just browse through the stacks until he fiL ndswhat he needs. Books may normal-

iy be taken out for two weeks, with tlqe exception of those wiiich are in current use in connection with courses. These, kept on a "re- serve" shelf, may not be taken out of the library until late ln the afternoon, and must be returnedby 9:30 a.m. the following day. TheCollection aiso maintains "referen-ce" sheives for each area of study.These are comprehensive in scope,andcont?in the mos[ !mmediatelyuseful dlctionaries, encyclopedias,bibliographies, and catalogs, ferrapid solution of research problems.

These are, in outlme, the facilit-ies. The number and quality ofstudents naturally iiaiIes trom yearto year. but after a marked increaseduring and again after the war, thenumber seems to have settled downto become fairly consistent. Theacademic standards maintaind bythese students has been very high.

Students vvho wish to a.ualify forthe degree of Master of Arts take acertain number of required courses,and related courses of the:,r ownchooslng, totalling thirty points (orunits). After a minimuni of oneyear of study !n the Departm-ent,they are given an oral examinationbefore a sma!1 board of exam-iners.After passing the examination, thestua'ent submits a paper, which, acceptance by the Depart-ment, entitles him to the degree.The East Asian Institute mentionedabove issues a certlficate after twoyears of study, and it is not unusualfor the graduate student in modernaffairs to take the Master's degreeand the Institute certificate simul-taneou.R.Iy. Sixry points, or thirty above theA.IL)tl. degree are required for thedegree of Doctor o-f Philosophv, asweH as a total of two years' re-sidence in the University. Againthe student takes an oiral examina-tion, [his time before a larger board,and after successfully passing thistest. he writes a dissertat!on whichhe is requlred to defend beforeanother board. Although the imni-,mum tiine required for the Doctor's ,{degree is two years, the student`who actually is conferred thedegree in that short time is ex-trernely rare. The system differsslightly from university to otheruniversity, and from department todepartment, but in the Departmentof Chinese and Japanese at Colum-bia. it usually takes a nun ber ofyears to write the dissertationalone. One custorn normally practicedquite generally is the systetrn by

(Coniinued fro"t Page 3) l This was the first time for us to

get acquainted with him. Afterts'}g#•lio:{i#•Se,Aa.//'ga.ZsElg.\;,'knjOcg\C,f-sg,[2,lii

saylng. "Won't you care for some c;iew- ing gum or chocos ?" I keeping down my brother's unpol:teness on account of food 'shortage just after the surrender, accepted them politely and brought him into our vi1!a, and introduced hrm my parents. My father, who was in his bed suffering from a slight arthriti$, could s,neak English al little, for he had learned English a- iLD,o,u.tfit,hrflr:-y.-ye.a,'-.shb.eA2r.e,,at.:,{o,zE

enough to speak with an untamiliar foreigner, and I hardly knew any English But my father's earnest consultations with dictionary and soldier's sl:ilful illvstrating and gestures rnacle us feel as iÅ} we were if,riends oi ten years. NVe learnedI .,lgh.a,t.\i,e.wgll2.-b,or,n.an,.Lo,,..A,ng,e,isgI

el lfrom Okmawa a'tter many awful fights against the Japanese Forces. He "'as a gentlemaniike soidier, and b-ated the useless battles. His name was Wiiliam T. Shokley, he had rn-other and sister m Los Ange!es. After a long talking, some 4 or 5 hours, he went back to his barracks not so far from our vilia, promissing the time and date when he would come here again. Then he began coming often to our home, two or three times a

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cirne aiound. All the soldiers mli the bariacks seemed cheerful. Mr..Shockley, on that evening, came to

our villa with a large parcel under2 his arm, and a bottle of whisky, ai package of cigarette in each eÅ} hisl hands. On that evening we, too,-prepared for him many spiendidl#nP,g.R.t/.Sise?,eg,l:hiSfeOoiie//#,efFeasi.filoSgilgl

the seas and battled for three years. Japanese Sukiyaki and TempuraL

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them well. After finishing Christ-] mas dinner which were made withi all our hearts, and he drew nearl the parcel and opend it. `tThis is a Christmas present for,you" from my mother. I had anotherlRie•ftfrlliYlil,\,g.'s8ek•,b.ut,i.s.h,?ysa',gEl

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covered with orange trees and driveIrrt.%,nt ,gR.g,a9FhZM•,iSe,a',:[,,2hii."ie.M.e,griSl

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x/ r.ebruary with Genevieve Joy, has come. He wil! held his violin recital at the end of this month in Tokyo. Ck On the one hand, Erna Berger held her second vocal reci`Lal at ImD, erial Theatre on ]6th, NTov. She isafame'u,sGerman opera singer. !ii2, Serge Lifar isafamous dancer in Europe. He is the first star dancer.(le premier danceur etoile).. and n":aster csf Ballet.(Maitre de Ballet). )}

On visiting Japan at this tlme, he was accompamed by his three companions They are Lycette Darsonval, Liane Dayde and Alexander Kalioujiny. They are all starlllfli/Eal[.}"e.S,,ea,vSeihZg,{I,lga,tthC,eekt,giiil,iae,b,,O,egn.ttti;h•6eir,td;a.nYi,g,i.gwg,it...oC,e,a."le,",a",iifPu3Vi:-OdV,a,g,a.M,.e,tg.:JehP.a".'..D,U.rfi4g,.thde.SS.,kh;.rtÅr}i\,g'a,:.S6'.VS,i}?65'?,".g;.b.,9e,",,2bb2,t,o.,h$x?,,a,n\.,g,2","w'se,ee,"ie,ri,,li{u.tfi,",},?,isi•

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$ONgA AROVA gmANca$ sSkeeewnvG BeeAewTW

Pheto shows: Senia Aroya (rigkt) js performing a hrilliant play in "SIeeping Be`".uty" w-ith the assistanee ef

Komakl Ballct Troupe. (Tokyo Shtmbun)

1"he .Kemaki Ballet Troupe, thelevaC.ing Ballet troupe m Japan, per-

fnrmed the famous classical bal!et,`' S:,eeping Beauty", which was dedi-

ca:vad to the Art Festival of 1952,

this November, and Sonia Arovadan.t-'ed Princess Aurora at the per-

formance. This baliet was compos-ed by Marius 1)etipa according to afar"ious fairy tale by Per.vantt. This

ba;,let was on a so large scale that

l' has never been performed boforein v',apan and it swas on;,y partiallyi

ir.:'-'oduced to the public through

a Sov.{et film entitled "SleepingPrmcess," but Lhe presentation ofit:. csmp!ete whole by Sonia Arovawith the IÅqomalq Ballet is the ftrst

in J/aD, an. 1 Geierally speaking, this presentatros= was R great success. WVe must l

say that it is a good resTilt tnatlJapanese dancer could dancethe excellent foreign Prima Bal-l/e:•n"ta and at any rate, the fact

wii.ch- they maCte us IoQk at thisbai;•et c:ieerfully, was a great suc-

cess.

Vi:.spec!ally, m this presentation,tlie dances and their executioi ofl

act 2, scene 1 vL'ere very beautiful

an.g, charming, and in this point we

n}ust highly value the merit of the

bea-utiful, effectual back stage.Prircess Aurara, acted by SomaAjoT.Tt,, was full of the b.A.auty of

the classical ballet and her svm-me:• rical I}ands and Iegs 'were verÅr

beoa:i:rul. Masahide Komaki, whodanced Carabasse, Spirit of Evil.anAu I.i. imce. was very succesful,The dance of carabose was his best I

dance comparirg with any others,which he had danced before. More-over, dances which Sakiko Hiroseant d Naoto Seki showed in the div-

ertissement, were attraclive. Their

dances ought to be estimated asfiist class

A defect of this presentation wasthat !t had little fantasic 4tmospher,

arLd in this point a stage directorshould bear the responsibility forthat.

EXffg$fiTK(}N eF

GEOR(]IE BRA(]liYE

We have a great pleasure the art exhibition of George Bra- ]g•Yggd',2h,Er/T.glinP8i,l\o:.eisi"tf•;,1"gCr.•?isii,asi.

bitions of Henry Matiss and Picas- so which were held at the samewithlNational Museum last year. we have gotten, then, to a appieciate the vvorks of three great rnasters in the oii painung fieldof this century In Japan G. Braque has already been introduced widely and his works and ability have been appreciated highly in the public estimation. He is now seventy years old and continuifi.bcr h:ts work in high spints, so xve hear. But xve are very sorry that we have not seen his works actually, except only a few et them, though they have been introduced through the publications. Moreover, perienced alniost eds, that is, fauvisme, cubisme, neo-classicisme and naturalism.e, through which our modern painting has passed to the state as !t is today. Then, it was xrery and intructive for us to a great exhibition as we had thistoo. I aUtumn.

ON CORTOT,S PLAYING L -not bnlliant but chaste beauty-

l I piesented Cortot's piano recitalt fer which I len.cr waitecl

i W"nat he p]ayed en that nightki-'as all Chopin's xvoi lÅqs. BujL. "rhiat I

he expoessed in that performar ce was not so much ChoDm as Certot's Spintb itself. Tha'. is, hc ex. pressed

and realized hunseli" in the sound.g.

+ of piano by playing Chopin's xvorlÅqs.

As he is plaÅr-ing Chopm's werks, hetsx,'i,xi:.g1i,I",it.eee}',fi.i.b?9,iP,,:,:g•,Ji.gI

t weild throu.oh his mterpretation of

muslc. Such manner of his, about th.e playmg, is lust sii:nilai to a, painter's, because the paintei neverltranscnbes the landscape just as :,t

i

is, but he pamts his own creactive

nature through his feelmg for thebeauty of natuie. Hemakes hiscreation by playsng the piano msuch a wRy as painters make crea-t!on by painting objects.

I believe that such manner oiplaying is the real one, and thatone who plays in such manner isfully deserving the name of theartist and player. From this point,Cortot is a real artist and player.

a!k2År.

cStLdw"&me. s" xvKN Mr. Cortot is play- ing Ckopin's work at kis reeitai on tlie stage eS'

Mbiya Hall. Cortot's p!aying is differeiit fromwhat I had fancied or what Ihad

thatiphoto shows: i

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the opportunity

he has ex- all different peri-

useful have such

(Conliitued on Page 7)

been able to hstet to from the disksI heard actually before. I had fanci-ed that his playing was very brilliantand dynanuc, and that at least hisplaying which I listed to from thedisks is just like that. But his ac-tual playing is chaste and naive.The beauty of his playmg is justlilce that of the winter landscapebeing refiected by the feeble sun-slune, There is a little deterioration owin.q. to hls old age, indeed,for examp'te, he rnade many rms-takes, or his fortissimo was not ef-fectual, but, on the contrary, hispianissnno was very effectuai, deli-cate, and beautiful His playmgshewed us the beautywhich was profound iii his interior.So, his playing made us, Japanese,remember the $tate of "Sabi" whichthe famous Japanese poet "Basho"had attained. Above aH, an eventabout his playing is that he is goodat malÅqing a charmmg atmosphereon the musical stage.

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KEEO DRAevSATEC . CiR(:WS ( HAUENGE ON SAROYAN,S

Keio Dramatic Circle ptesentedWilliam Saroyan's play "A DecentBirth, A Happy Funerai'' at WYomi-u" Hall from the IIth of NTovembertill the 13Lh. The Author liNtlr Willi-am:Saroyan sent a kind letter ofpermission for the presentin.cr ot hisplay a3, folloNv's -

(It is rel,'-'.te(i from the pamphlet

of KDC) Dear ll'lalÅqoto Sasa}'ama, (the translator) Yes, the Dramatic Circle of KeioUniversi[y may perÅ}orm my play aDecent Biitl't, A IIappy Funera!, For miy part I would gieatly ap-preciate it if you would send mephGtographs of the players,-the

BergerShows "- ILeading Recital

Mozart's Aria

1) Erna Berger, a famous operasinger of German Opera-House, whohad been invited by theAsahi Broad-

casting Corporatien, arrived at Ha-

neda on November 3. She is called one of the grea'Lest

colorature sopranos. She was bornat Dresden in Germany and therereceived her musical education, aim-

mg to opera singer. Since she madeher first appearance on the stage of

the Dresden Opera House in herteens, she has won the highest posi-

siofi as an opera and concert sin.crer

by her remarkable achievementin Euiope and Arnerica. Her excel-

lency is shown most clearly in the

operas ot German composers, clas-sical and modern. Her first recital in Tokyo, was

held at the Imperial Theatre at 7p.m. on the 17th. All the seats were

filled with the audiences who hadbeen waiting for this recital for a

leng time. Amidst their great ex-pectance, she appeared en the stage

with Manfred Gurlitt as the ac-companist at the piano. A gracefullady she was, with her plentifulbrown hair. I"he program had a great variety,ccntaining two Arias ("O del miodolco ardot" by Gluck, Aria from"Il Re Pastore" by ]Nfozart) andmany Liede by Mozart, Schubert,Brahms, ete. As for her veice, it was neverglaring, but clear as crystal; soft asmoonlight. It fitted the noblenessand strictness of German music.Her performance also had no ex-aggeration but touched our heart.strings. We were pleased with thefresh touch of her ciear and firmpronounciation and her vivid rhy-

ly

PLAYpirformer--m the play, the photo-graphs of setting, if the play is per-formed in a stage settmg. I wouldalso appreciate a report on the effec-tiveness (or luck of effeetiveness, itthat is what nappen.G) of the play.Please let me know when the playwili be perfornied, hoxv many per-tormances, in what kind of atheatre or aud!torium or classroo!n:ancl what kmd of the audience itattracts: that is, students, er generalpublic, or both. I am pieased that you plan toperform the play. It is one of myfavorites. I hope ]t is fun to de,and fun for those who watch it. Yours truly: N?Villiam Saroyan

LETTER TO MR. WELLgAM SAROYAN Dear Mr. Saroyan; I am very happy to tell you aboutyour play "A Decent Birth, A HappyFuneral" which was present by,'Keio Dramatic Circle at YomiuriHall from the IIth ot' November tillthe i3th.

I would like te telleyou, first andforemost, that your play was pres-ented with enthusiastic in eachperformance. Ithink, however, you,one of the most noted Dramatists,will be able to suppose easily thateach enthusiastic performance doesnot mean the perfect presentationas a drama. I am very sorry to tellyoa that, but in truth, their per-form4nces were lacking in so"rievery important things, though turn-ing the focus on cach, they werepretty goed.

Some verv important things, are,Ithink, the harmony, or coordina-tion. In brief, their perfermancesIacked the effect as ensemble. Butyou nrust realize that I am spealx'-ing about them witheut making all-o,vances. IfIadmit the handicap on thenithat they are all amateur, they werepretty good. Mere than 8 hundredspectators of the last day seemedto be quite enchanted and enjoyedthemselves without svhistling oryawning. Turning the point to the

(Centin"ed on Pa.ae 7)

'

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thm in '`Die Forelle" (by Schubert)or "Das Veilchen" (by Mozart). Btttthe most impressive were Mozart's sAria from "Il Re Postore", "Lacbe,nund Weinen", "Nacht und TraunLi"(by SchubertÅr and "Wie Melodien"(by Brahms). Really we felt our feelings purifi-ed with her perfect art. Her trans-cendence exists in this spiritualbeauty, mot is the senuous beautyof her voice. There was no singer,no audience, but the bright streamof melodies and harmonies. Wecould not but thank her with allour hearts for giving us is splendidtime.

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EXHIBITION OF BRAQVE G. Braque, like H. Matisse, Picas-

so, and other modern painters, isalso interes-.ed in stone or bronzeiCag:arVMg, gravure et estampe or

iilustration, and so on.prlnt, Sowe had some works in each field in

,this exhibition, twenty-one in theoil painting, tweive in the carvingand more than sixty in other fields,since his early days to 1952. Thoughthe oi! painting is his sou!, in whichhe has always been in the highestposition since he made himself ag!.OdnRe.rttO.f.C."db,i,S.M,tei'.W.tL"',fhOig".d•.,Wke,i

of other fields. In all his works, we l

can get a feeling of familiarity andthey seem to us to be understoodmore easily. Because, as we hear,he is very much interested m "Tao-ism and Dhyana or silent media-tion" whic-h are very iarniliar withorientalists. His mental attitudebwaoSrekds.UPOn this, appears in all his l

This tendency is especially re-l }.adri{,a.b.'e.i.n,,P,"nit.S,•,Sii",S.tE-Stl-R",S,:l

ajglaS a factor of the familianty, wecan recognize other respects, too,that ts, he has quiet and sober colorbased upon the reason and, if wecan say, upon the reliability or theartisan technique and spirit, whichhe get under his father when hewas young. This charactor appearsdefimtely in some of his works asthe technique of "Les papiers col-les," and is regulated very well byhis own words "I like the regulationwhich controls the feeling." And,his feeling or sense as a Frenchpainter' which we can find in hispicture especially in his colors, ifmore definitely we say, the urbani-zed sense, makes us feel the sameway. The distinctive featureof his pictures is also that heprefers the still life to the landscapepa'inting as its object. So at thisexhibition, we had the former morethan the latter and this preferenceis also based upon his attitudetowards things as a cubists. Istumbled on his own words writtenin his illustration book, saying "Asmusic gives a form to the siience,soa pot does to the space." It isinteresting and will be effective,that he is trying to improve paint-ing, using the different metierwhich has never been used before.

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LE:eTER TO MR. SAROYAiN. persona! performances, I noticed specia!ly Mr. Yosh!o Yamada as earnest, Mr. Kayahiro, Aizawa as the comic or the priest, because of their dexterous perfermances. The girls were not so good in general. Thesetting and lighting were good on the whole, though I noticed a few errors on !ighting part. About Pearl, played by Mr. Osarnu, Kawai, I can say nothing but that he could not keep h!s pace his companion, though his with ime were very interesting. I am intending to ask you a few question about your play, butI have not any space, and I would Iike to ask you on another occasion. Inconclusion, your play waspresented pretty well and made a considerab!e success. The spectators of your play will remember you by heart, and !ong for another chance to see another of your play.

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KEIO UNIVERSITY

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December, 1952A-.

El DlTORIAL

:4 CHRXSTMAS * Since the Surrender,Christmas tohave come adopted as one oi ouryear's regu!ar cerern.onies. We canairive at this conclusion in the gayChristmas sales which have alreadybegun in TolÅqyo's main shopping increasedcenters and which showactivity from year to year. A casualwalker down the Ginza is apt to beastonishd with its complete changein appearance. The show-wmdowsthat stre[ch along both sides of theStreet contribute imn ensely towardthe festive sp;rit by their p-ttractivedisp!ay of Santa C!auses, Christmas gifts.trees and colorfully wrapped."ll in all, the scene presented issuch that one may "•ell wonder ifhE is in a Christian country. Factsevidently show that these festivedecoratlons are no other than com-mercial advertisefuents to promotemcreased sales among the foreigncustomers particularly numerousirt Japan after. the war. Neverthe-less, we who are unfamiliar withBiblehistory and themany religiouscelebrations that mark the greatevents in it, find ourselves gradu-ally taking on from our foreignfriends their customary observationof Yuletde greetings and exchangeof gifts hitherto unknown to us.Uporrx reflection, it really seemsqueer for us who are mostly non-Christians to have adopted this new

custom m its material aspect offriendly formalities and gay revelry,

at the same time ignoring its pro- found significance in the Christian ecclesiasticai calendar. This goes te prove how we Japanese are not only apt to be easily won over by mere surface contact with American culture but readily imitate things American without any prior attempt at an intelligent understandmg of the matter. For Christians all over the world, tl!e birth of Jesus Chnst is a sigm- ficant event which took p!ace in a humble manger in Bethlehem where, in poverty, the shepherds and the Three Kings found Hirn wr'apped in swaddling clothes upon an improvised bed of straw. It is an event which calls for great re- jo!cing in that it marks the day xNhen. God, in His ardent Love,for us took untoHimselfa human form i!! order to undergo ali the blas- phemies and persecut!ons that final- ly led to His Crucnixion ac nd Death so that we could be redeemed from our sinful miseries by His Precious Blcod. It is no smal! wonder then, why, particularly during this season Christians lay stress on acts of charity in friendly greetings and in the giving away of presents not only to those whom they know ap:d love but also and especially so, to the poor. There is more then, to this mean- ing of Christmas. The joy is really a spiritua! one and certainly more deep-seated than that conveyed m trae gala celebrations which typify tRe activities during this season. The former seems to give us re-

THE TENDENCY OF TODAY,S STUDENTS eThe Tendency of Today's Students The modern and smart thirdfaculty building was constructed onthe Mita campus this summer. Ourschool was one of the most damag-ed by the war. Though it is a veryslow pace to reconstruct it, wemust realize there is no help for itunder the present financial condi-tlons.

When you go to this new finebuilding, you can see the grotesquecarcass Qf the old lecture-hall loca-ed m front of this building, leavingits iron frame destroyed by theair-raid, and you will find them aqueer contrast of both peace andwar. These tw'o adjoining buildingssymbolize the present studentS'situation, for we can find in themnot only restoring the blanlÅq of thewar but the repaaining influence ofthe war. It goes without saying that ourliving standard has been improvedsince the surrender. And now weare in a far better condltion tostudy than what we had experienc-ed during those years of scarcity ofevery matenals.

Our eagerness to study, of course,can not be infiuenced by an extern-al condition but we must admitthat such students who need an"arbeiV' from their strict finance,are prevented from giving theirtime to study. This sort of arbeitthey say, has become more suitable

to students. So in this meaning the students are often said that they had better study only while they are in school. This is agreeable, but at the same time we should under- stand the place where they can study without taking care of other things is a necessary factor for them. Looking back upon this year, have they kept the tranquil To our and perfect place to study? regret this answer is no. They can not help but be sensitive to the present international and domestic there air concerning the fact that is not a gleam to resolve the mter- national strain and the cease-fire talking in Korea and that our re- gainin.g+ of independence is only nominal. Though they seem to spend their school life calmly at a glance, and not to find any change the in their dally attiLude or in enthusiastic yell on the stand of the Waseda-Keio base ball match and so on from that of pre-war days, in their minds the continuous fear for war and the anxiety for peace are entangled and they feel the hopeless and doubt present government's po!icy.

newed hope in our efforts to returnto God while the latter is justai other occasion of enjoyment, alltoo soon forgotten. In JTapan, we have, since the dawnof otir history, observed New Year'sDay as the most important daywherein to make our resolutionsfor the new year. Celebrationscentinue for several days. NewYear greetings are exchanged be-tweefl friends and acquaintancesand, clad in his best, each one, -as iscustomary, takes it upon himself torev.der his courtesy calls in orderto ei press his season's greetings.

How very different are our be-liefs and customs froin those of theAmericans and the Europeans! Whythen should those of us who arenon-Christians take over thingsforeign if only for the purpose ofmaterial pleasure ? Why should wesquander our money on expensive giftsbut meaningless Christmasand pleasures when we could use itto a better aclvantage for helpingthose handicapped from the war,and for other char!table purposes ?ThiLs would, in the lon.cr run, proveto be of parallel consequence to theteachings of Christ, namely, `'Loverhy neighbour as thyselS.", thus pi o-motmg the pedce so badly neededin the sAtorld. today.

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Japanese and Chinese Studies at Columbia University

are not avaiiable for eonsu!tationat other times; most faculty mern-bers devote many hours, upon ap-pointment, with lndividual stu-dent. Student !ife in this one Depart-menf, at least, is not so dry as itspresent description might indicate.There are a number of studentactivities, as well as all the diver-

sions that New York City has tooffer, so that extracurricular acti-vities become a matter of choiceand time. But it may be said thatthe cliief part of the time of themembers of this Department isspent earnestly devotmg them-selves to the acquisition of lÅqnow-i

ledge and understanding of thei.past and present problems of theFar East. For, through such acade-mic knowledge and practical under-standing may come a more peacefuland a better world for all people.

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MEMORABLE CHRISTMAS We were much pleased with hiscordial words and thanked him forhis presents. We tasted them withpleasure. He also took one with asmile. He and my father dranksome cup oE whisky, enjoyed ciga-rettes, and their faces turned a1ittle reddish. Suddenly, my fatherbegan singing "Tipperary" and Mr.Shockley joined in with loudervoice. This is the song which wasvery popular among peopie aftertheWorld War II. The next day,he didn't come, though he was ex-pected. I went with my brother tohis barracks to ask about him. Butthe sentrv's answer was that he hadleft for hls home on the 26th in themorning. Perhaps, he failed to findtime to spare wifh us for farewell.

It was too regrettable for us thathe couldn't have enough time tosay `'Goodbye". It was about fouryears ago, after -re come back to

a Ietterjapan that we receivedfrom him. We have been writingto him twice a year, but no answerof his has yet reached us. Iamafraid if he might have died.

Sti!! expecting an answer fromhim,Iwait since he is such a rnanwho would never fail to write inreply. Every year Christmas comesaround with the memories of thosedays which have made and willmake me a feel in the bottom ofmv heart the humanity beyond

races, colors, rel!gions, customs and all,

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Here is an annoyance of today'sstudents and the very point bywhich to understand them. Such an dissatisfaction of youngstudents as this happened to ex-plode this summer when the Sub-versive Activities Prevention Billwas going to pass the Diet in spiteof the great objection of intelligentpeople. At that time almost a!1 andstudents wanted to appealshown their thinking about that tothe public. But on the other handthe school authorities drew on thema limited line of their activity on acampus and demanded that they . So theshould not go over this linestudent were in a dilemma overtheir demands and wanted theschool authorities togive them clearguidance of how to act. But thisanswer was very ind efinite. speaking, the students Generallyof Keio have been indifferent to allactivities of their autonemy. Thisattitude means the death of theirautonomy. Why did they takesuch an attitude?

The several cases may be con-sidered about it, what we can sayfirst is that it is LLhe egoistic stu-dents who are afraid of their dis-advantage in taking the leadershipin participating in the autonomous

activity vihen they are go!ng te seek for a job Secondly, there are rhose who display a negative atti- tude on account of their disgustmg experience that only radical stu- dents take a leadership of an as- sembly. Thirdly, a few students don't think of anythmg at all, butl therr study or on the contraryl means of amusement.

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MOVIE REVIEW Soon, night came. He kissed hisEdvidge. Hewasveryhappy nearhis sweet-heart. While they' werespending a merry, pleasant timetwo angels secretly took away themagic dove. The next niorning, the policemenbegan their attack again but thistime Toto' was powerless. Thehuts and barracks were torn downand al! the intruders were put mtoprison-vans. Lolotta got back thedove from the two angels and gaveit again to Toto'. At the front ofthe cathedral of Mirano, Toto' re-ceived it once again. He instantlymade them free and toghther withEdvidge he flew to a world wheretheree is only peace and love. The fundamental thought andfeeling of this movie is love for thepoor and resentment for the socialinjustice as usual. It took the styleof a tairy-tale and we are strangelyimpressed by its fantasy, This isa picture of so-called "socialism",but it is beyond the materialisticformula.

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Those students whe are indiffe-ren. tto their autonomy should con-sider seriously the result of it, thatis to say the Autonomous Commit-tee Assembly is carned by the handof the committee elected on theone side, and so it will be turned ontheir shoulder that they must obeylogically to the decis!on of theAutonnmous Committee Assembly

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