metamorphic rocks. rock cycle objectives 14 – describe the types of changes associated with...
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Metamorphic Rocks
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Rock Cycle
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Objectives
14 – Describe the types of changes associated with metamorphic rocks.
15 – Contrast regional and contact metamorphism.
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Metamorphic Rocks
Pre-existing rocks changed by heat and pressure
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Different Types of Changes
Compaction Grains move closer. Rock becomes more dense. Porosity reduced. Example: clay to shale to slate
Recrystallization- Growth of new crystals. No changes in overall
chemistry. New crystals grow from the
minerals already present Foliation
Minerals separate into bands New minerals form from heat
and pressure
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Types of Metamorphism: Contact Contact (thermal)
Small scale Associated with igneous
intrusions
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Types: Regional Metamorphism Regional (dynamic)
Large scale Associated with mountain
building
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Foliated vs. Non-foliated
Foliated – has bands or layers
Non-foliated - No banding Form from rocks made
up of single minerals
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Rank
The degree of metamorphism required to change a rock
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Quartzite
Non-foliated Visible minerals grains Low-high
metamorphisis Quartz Parent - Sandstone
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Marble
Non-foliated Usually visible grains –
granular Will effervesce in HCl Calcite Parent - Limestone
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Anthracite
Non-foliated Black color Metamorphosed Coal
Peat→Lignite→
Bituminous coal→ Anthracite
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Slate
Foliated Small grain size Low metamorphism Visible layering A metamorphosed
shale
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Phylite
Foliated Small-visible grains Low-medium
metamorphism Sheen Crenulations- slight
wavy appearance A metamorphosed slate
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Schist
Foliatied Visible grain size Medium metamorphism Biotite, Garnet A metamorphosed
phylite Basalt may change into
schist
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Gneiss
Foliated Large visible grains High degree of
metamorphism Definite banding and
recrystallization Horneblende, Quartz Metamorphosed schist
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