meter and rhythm literary/poetic terms...iambic pentameter my mistress' eyes are nothing like...
TRANSCRIPT
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Literary/Poetic Terms
Rhythm and
Meter
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scansion
• the scanning of verse, that is, dividing it into metrical feet and identifying its rhythm by encoding stressed syllables (stresses, ictus) and unstressed syllables (slacks).
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meter
• meter = “measure”• A section of rhythm, just like a measure in
music
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quantitative meter
• Meter that relies not on the alternation of heavily stressed or lightly stressed syllables, but rather on the alternation of "long syllables" and "short syllables“
• Common in Latin and Greek but not so much in English.
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syllabic meter
• Counts the number of syllables in a line
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syllabic meter
You must scratch me there! Yes, above my tail! Behold,
elevator butt.
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stress
• A multi-syllable word has a prominent syllable. This is called a stressed syllable.
• Stressed syllable is longer in duration, higher in pitch, and louder in volume.
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stress
. • . • .con.tin.u.a.tion
. • .con.tin.ue
. . •un.der.stand
• . .beau.ti.ful
• .tea.cher
patternword
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accentual meter
• counts the accented syllables
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accentual-syllabic meter
• accentual-syllabic meter counts both the number of syllables and the number of accented syllables
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So what is iambic pentameter?
• iamb + ic• penta + meter
• meter = measure• penta = five• ic = ish• iamb = ?
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metrical feet
• a pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a segment (measure) of poetry
• foot = 1 measure
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4 kinds of feet
1. Iamb2. Trochee3. Anapest4. Dactyl● And
Spondee!
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iamb
unstressed + stressed
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How do I remember iamb?
You are not serious. I AMb!
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iambic pentameter
1 2 3 54
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iambic pentameter
My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun;
When you end on a stress,the listener hangs on that syllable waiting hear what you will say next.
In drama, this drives the dialogue forward.
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trochee
• A foot with one accented syllable followed by one unaccented syllable.
• Stressed + unstressed
• It is the opposite of the iambic foot.
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How do I remember trochee?
TRO chee
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anapest
• anapestic foot• A three syllable foot made of two
unstressed syllables followed by one stressed syllable.
• Unstressed + unstressed + stressed• The word "comprehend," pronounced
"com - pre - HEND," is a good example.
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How do I remember anapest?
a na PEST
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dactyl
• dactyl = finger, toe• A three syllable foot
which is accented on the first syllable
• Stressed + unstressed + unstressed
• An example of this would be the word "merrily," which is spoken: MER - ri - ly
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How do I remember dactyl?
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dactyl
ONE – two – three
ONE – two – three
ONE – two – three
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spondee
• In poetry, a spondee is a metrical foot consisting of two long syllables. This makes it a unique type of meter in English verse as all the other metric forms contain no more than one long syllable.
• It is difficult to construct a whole, serious poem with spondees. Consequently, spondees mainly occur as variants in other metrical patterns.
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Wait! What was that spondee thing?
Spondee: • a metrical foot consisting of two accented
syllables / ' ' /. • An example of a spondaic word is "hog-
wild."
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monometer (1)
• mono = one• In poetry, a
monometer is a line of verse with just one metrical foot
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monometer (1)
Thus IPasse by,And die:As one,Unknown,And gone.
- Robert Herrick
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dimeter (2)
• di = two • In poetry, a dimeter
is a metrical line of verse with two feet.
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trimeter (3)
• tri = 3• In poetry, a trimeter is a meter of three
metrical feet per line.
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tetrameter (4)
• In poetry, a trimeter is a meter of four metrical feet per line.
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pentameter (5)
• In poetry, a trimeter is a meter of five metrical feet per line.
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hexameter (6)
• In poetry, a trimeter is a meter of six metrical feet per line.
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heptameter (7)
• In poetry, a trimeter is a meter of seven metrical feet per line.
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heptameter
• An example from Lord Byron's Youth and Age:
'Tis but as ivy-leaves around the ruin'd turret wreathe, All green and wildly fresh without, but worn and gray
beneath. O could I feel as I have felt, or be what I have been, Or weep as I could once have wept o'er many a
vanish'd scene,- As springs in deserts found seem sweet, all brackish
though they be, So midst the wither'd waste of life, those tears would
flow to me!
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iambic pentameter
My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun;
When you end on a stress,the listener hangs on that syllable waiting hear what you will say next.
In drama, this drives the dialogue forward.
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end-stopped line
• a verse line ending at a grammatical boundary or break, such as a dash, a closing parenthesis, or punctuation such as a colon, a semi-colon, or a period.
• The opposite to an end-stopped line is a line subject to enjambement.
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enjambment (run-on line)
• the running over of a sentence or phrase from one verse to the next, without terminal punctuation, hence not end-stopped.
• Such verses can be called run-on lines.
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caesura
• a stop or pause within a metrical line, often marked by punctuation or by a grammatical boundary, such as a phrase or clause.
• When a caesura splits the line in equal parts, it is termed medial.
• When the pause occurs towards the beginning or end of the line, it is termed, respectively, initial and terminal.
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catalexis
• A catalectic line is metrically incomplete, lacking a syllable at the end or ending with an incomplete foot
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scansion
• unstressed syllable:• stressed syllable: • double-stressed syllables: • hovering stress: • separate metrical feet: • a cæsura:
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iambic pentameter
My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun;
When you end on a stress,the listener hangs on that syllable waiting hear what you will say next.
In drama, this drives the dialogue forward.
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Questions?