methods and discourse paragraph
TRANSCRIPT
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UNIVERSITY OF BATANGASLipa Campus
ANTHOLOGY OF PARAGRAPHS AND DISCOURSES
A Midterm Requirement in English Communication 2 ENG102
Compiled by:
Jessie Boy C. CanariaBSED-PEAHM
Checked by:
Sir Aldwin S. ManguiatProfessor, ENG102
January 2012
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DEFINITION
Definition paragraphs are used in order to explain the meaning, origin and
function of things.
Morphology is concerned with the internal organization of words. Words consist
of one or more smaller units called morphemes. Amorpheme is the smallest unit of
meaningless units. Therefore, cat is a single morpheme because c and at are
meaningless alone. If we split the word into ca and t, we have a similar situation;
producing ca violates the meaning, for there is nothing in cat that includes the meaning
of ca, and t is meaningless alone.
Authors Name: Jaime R. Dizon, Ph. D
Date/Year of publication: Copyright 2009
Title of the Resource Material: Self-Instructional Modules for College English
Communication
Place of Publication: 856 Nicanor Reyes, Sr., St. Sampaloc, Manila
Publishers Name: Rex Book Store, Incorporation
Page: 34
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CLASSIFICATION
Classification paragraph is to clearly define something and place it in a group
according to some basis or rule so that it only fits in one group.
Morphemes are having two varieties, free and bound. Free morphemes are
independent and can stand alone. They form words or parts of words. Example of Free
morphemes are toy, big and happy. Bound morphemes are grammatical tags or marker
markers that cannot function independently. They must be attached to free morphemes
or to other morphemes. Example include s, -est, ch and ly, meaning plural, most,
negative and manner, respectively. By combining the free and bound morphemes
mentioned above, we can create toys, biggest and unhappily. Bound or grammatical
morphemes
Authors Name: Jaime R. Dizon, Ph. D
Date/Year of publication: Copyright 2009
Title of the Resource Material: Self-Instructional Modules for College English
Communication
Place of Publication: 856 Nicanor Reyes, Sr., St. Sampaloc, Manila
Publishers Name: Rex Book Store, Incorporation
Page: 34
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DESCRIPTION
This method of development pictures out a person, a thing, an object or an event
by using of vivid words or expressions as well as sensory images.
The village of North Haven occupies a 2.5 square mile peninsula that lies some
200 yards across the water from Saz Harbor, where I live, and is connected to the
South Fork of Long Island, New York, by a spit of island. Except for the spit of island
North Haven is an island. It used to be called Hog Neck, but haven is an appropriate
Name for it. The place is quite and serene. It has no downtown, and the houses of its
733 full-time residents are scattered about a lovely landscape of meadows, fields, small
ponds and oak forests that seem to thrive on glacial moraines. Everywhere, there are
water views. If you drive through quickly and you could its only three miles from the
bridge to the end of Ferry Road.
Authors Name: Lucila Del Mundo
Belen Zavala D. Asis
Date/Year of publication: 2008
Title of the Resource Material: Improving Study Thinking Reading & Writing
Skills for College Freshmen
Place of Publication: 1518 Alvarez St, Sta. Cruz, Manila
Publishers Name: Booklore Publishing Corporation
Page: 151
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NARRATION
Narration refers to the way that a story is told, and so belongs to the level
of discourse.
There was a man who had two sons. The younger one said to his father,
Father, give me my share of the estate. So he divided his property between them.
Not long after that, the younger son got together all he had, set off for a distant country
and there squandered his wealth in wild living. After he had spent everything, there was
a severe famine in that whole country, and he began to be in need. So he went and
hired himself out to a citizen of that country, who sent him to his fields to feed pigs. He
longed to fill his stomach with the pods that the pigs were eating, but no one gave him
anything.
When he came to his senses, he said, How many of my fathers hired servants
have food to spare, and here I am starving to death! I will set out and go back to my
father and say to him: Father, I have sinned against heaven and against you. I am no
longer worthy to be called your son; make me like one of your hired servants. So he got
up and went to his father.
But while he was still a long way off, his father saw him and was filled with
compassion for him; he ran to his son, threw his arms around him and kissed him.
The son said to him, Father, I have sinned against heaven and against you. I am no
longer worthy to be called your son.
But the father said to his servants, Quick! Bring the best robe and put it on him.
Put a ring on his finger and sandals on his feet. Bring the fattened calf and kill it. Lets
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have a feast and celebrate. For this son of mine was dead and is alive again; he was
lost and is found. So they began to celebrate.
Meanwhile, the older son was in the field. When he came near the house, he
heard music and dancing. So he called one of the servants and asked him what was
going on. Your brother has come, he replied, and your father has killed the fattened
calf because he has him back safe and sound.
The older brother became angry and refused to go in. So his father went out and
pleaded with him. But he answered his father, Look! All these years Ive been slaving
for you and never disobeyed your orders. Yet you never gave me even a young goat so
I could celebrate with my friends. But when this son of yours who has squandered your
property with prostitutes comes home, you kill the fattened calf for him!
My son, the father said, you are always with me, and everything I have is
yours. But we had to celebrate and be glad, because this brother of yours was dead and
is alive again; he was lost and is found.
Authors Name: ANONYMOUS
Date/Year of publication: Copyright 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011
Title of the Resource Material: BIBLE
Place of Publication: 890 United Nations Avenue Manila, Philippines
Publishers Name: Philippine Bible Society
Page: Luke 15:11-32
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CONTRAST
A contrast paragraph labels the differences between two persons, places, or
things.
A wise son makes a father glad, But a foolish son is a grief to his mother. Ill-
gotten gains do not profit, But righteousness delivers from death. The LORD will not
allow the righteous to hunger, But He will reject the craving of the wicked. Poor is he
who works with a negligent hand, But the hand of the diligent makes rich. He who
gathers in summer is a son who acts wisely, But he who sleeps in harvest is a son who
acts shamefully. Blessings are on the head of the righteous, But the mouth of the
wicked conceals violence. The memory of the righteous is blessed, But the name of the
wicked will rot. The wise of heart will receive commands, But a babbling fool will
be ruined. He who walks in integrity walks securely, But he who perverts his ways will
be found out. He who winks the eye causes trouble, And a babbling fool will
be ruined. The mouth of the righteous is a fountain of life, But the mouth of the wicked
conceals violence. Hatred stirs up strife, But love covers all transgressions. On the lips
of the discerning, wisdom is found, But a rod is for the back of him who
lacks understanding. Wise men store up knowledge, But with the mouth of the foolish,
ruin is at hand. The rich mans wealth is his fortress, The ruin of the poor is their
poverty. The wages of the righteous is life, The income of the wicked,
punishment. He is on the path of life who heeds instruction, But he who ignores reproof
goes astray. He who conceals hatred has lying lips, And he who spreads slander is a
fool. When there are many words, transgression is unavoidable, But he who restrains
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his lips is wise. The tongue of the righteous is as choice silver, The heart of the wicked
is worth little. The lips of the righteous feed many, But fools die for lack
of understanding. It is the blessing of the LORD that makes rich, And He adds no
sorrow to it. Doing wickedness is like sport to a fool, And so is wisdom to a man of
understanding. What the wicked fears will come upon him, But the desire of the
righteous will be granted. When the whirlwind passes, the wicked is no more, But
the righteous has an everlasting foundation. Like vinegar to the teeth and smoke to the
eyes, So is the lazy one to those who send him. The fear of the LORD
prolongs [l]life, But the years of the wicked will be shortened. The hope of the righteous
is gladness, But the expectation of the wicked perishes. The way of the LORD is a
stronghold to the upright, But ruin to the workers of iniquity. The righteous will never be
shaken, But the wicked will not dwell in the land. The mouth of the righteous flows with
wisdom, But the perverted tongue will be cut out. The lips of the righteous bring
forth what is acceptable, But the mouth of the wicked what is perverted.
Authors Name: ANONYMOUS
Date/Year of publication: Copyright 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011
Title of the Resource Material: BIBLE
Place of Publication: 890 United Nations Avenue Manila, Philippines
Publishers Name: Philippine Bible Society
Page: Proverbs 10 (611)
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Cause and Effect
A method of paragraph or essay development in which a writer analyzes the
reasons for --and/or the consequences of--an action, event, ordecision.
When one big tree is cut down in a primary forest the ecosystem around it suffers
such an imbalance that it takes a long time for nature to recover. In the immediate area
the effects are keenly felt, becoming less and less as one goes farther. When the big
tree falls to the ground, some small trees are inevitably smashed to death . Sun comes
into that gap in the forest. This encourages new plants to grow, but for young
dipterocarp trees who like the shade of a parent plant, it will be rough going. There will
be less total oxygen and water vapor given up to the ecosystem around the absent
tree. For the inhabitants of the tree it is like losing their home to an Intensity 10
earthquake. And along with their homes, their source of daily subsistence.
Authors Name: Lucila Del Mundo
Belen Zavala D. Asis
Date/Year of publication: 2008
Title of the Resource Material: Improving Study Thinking Reading & Writing
Skills for College Freshmen
Place of Publication: 1518 Alvarez St, Sta. Cruz, Manila
Publishers Name: Booklore Publishing Corporation
Page: 178
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ANALYSIS
Analysis is the breaking up of a whole into its parts to find the nature or
proportion of its constituents.
Coronary thrombosis results from changes in the structure of the walls in the inner
lining of the arteries of the heart. Because of the roughened condition of the lining and
the narrowing that is often present, a flake of the wall may break loose, producing a plug
thus bringing about an occlusion, or closure. When a clot is formed in the artery, it is
spoken of as a thrombus, and resulting state is a thrombosis. A foreign substance in the
blood stream, too, may close a vessel and lead to thrombus formation. A thrombus may
occur when one is very quiet, just as readily as in the presence of shock or excitement.
Authors Name: Lucila Del Mundo
Belen Zavala D. Asis
Date/Year of publication: 2008
Title of the Resource Material: Improving Study Thinking Reading & Writing
Skills for College Freshmen
Place of Publication: 1518 Alvarez St, Sta. Cruz, Manila
Publishers Name: Booklore Publishing Corporation
Page: 178
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ANALOGY
This is a pattern of paragraph development which compares two different objects
on the basis of their similarities in certain respects.
I have long had an image in my mind of what constitutes liberty. Suppose that I
were building a great price of powerful machinery and suppose that I so unskillfully and
awkwardly assemble the parts of it the every time one part tied to move it would be
interfered with the others, and the whole thing would buckle up and be checked. Liberty
for several parts would consists in the beset possible assembling and adjustment of
them, all, would it not. If you want the great absolute freedom, give it absolutely perfect
alignment and it is set alone or isolated, but because it has been associated most
skillfully and carefully with the other parts of the great structure.
Authors Name: Lucila Del Mundo
Belen Zavala D. Asis
Date/Year of publication: 2008
Title of the Resource Material: Improving Study Thinking Reading & Writing
Skills for College Freshmen
Place of Publication: 1518 Alvarez St, Sta. Cruz, Manila
Publishers Name: Booklore Publishing Corporation
Page: 199
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REPETITION
An instance of using a word, phrase, or clause more than once in a short
passage--dwelling on a point.
It is commonplace to say that nationalism is one of the most potent factors in the
cultural development of a people. Love of ones own is essential in the equipment of all
truly civilized human beings; it is the only safe and sensible basis for the appreciation of
things that pertain to others. Only those who truly love their own country and people the
tradition, history and destiny----can develop a sincere interest in, and admiration for, the
tradition, history and destiny of other countries and peoples. Only they can become
genuine cosmopolites citizens of the world.
Authors Name: Pacita I. Habana
Alicia L. Cinco
Date/Year of publication: 2010
Title of the Resource Material: College English For Today 1: A new Edition
Place of Publication: 8007-b Pioneer St., Brgy. Kapitolyo Pasig City
1603, Philippines
Publishers Name: Anvil Publishing Incorporation
Page: 234
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COMPARISON
A rhetorical strategy and method of organization in which a writer examines
similarities and/or differences between two people, places, ideas, or things.
Conglomerate consists largely of gravels These particles may range in size
from large boulders to particles as small as garden peas. The particles are large enough
to be identified as distinctive rock types; thus, they can be valuable in identifying the
source areas between the large particles contain sand or mud.
Gravels accumulate in a variety of environments and usually indicate the
existence of steeps slopes and / or very turbulent currents. The coarse particles in the
conglomerate may reflect the action of energetic mountain streams or result from strong
wave activity along a rapidly eroding coast. Some glacial and landslide deposits also
contain much gravel. If the large particles are angular rather than rounded, the rock is
called breccias. Since large particles abrade and become rounded very rapidly during
transport, the pebbles and cobbles in a breccia indicate that they not travel far from their
source area before they were deposited. Thus, as with many other sedimentary rocks,
conglomerates and breccias contain clues to their history. Their particle sizes reveal the
strength of the currents that transported them, whereas the degree of rounding indicates
how far the particles traveled. The fragments within a sample identify the indicates rock
that supplied them.
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Authors Name: Pacita I. Habana
Alicia L. Cinco
Date/Year of publication: 2010
Title of the Resource Material: College English For Today 1: A new Edition
Place of Publication: 8007-b Pioneer St., Brgy. Kapitolyo Pasig City
1603, Philippines
Publishers Name: Anvil Publishing Incorporation
Page: 51
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NARRATIVE
A successful narrative involves realistic characters and situations brought to life
with specific details
CREATION
In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. Now the earth was
formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God
was hovering over the waters.
And God said, Let there be light, and there was light. God saw that the light was
good, and he separated the light from the darkness. God called the light day, and the
darkness he called night. And there was evening, and there was morningthe first
day.
And God said, Let there be a vault between the waters to separate water from
water. So God made the vault and separated the water under the vault from the water
above it. And it was so. God called the vault sky. And there was evening, and there
was morningthe second day.
And God said, Let the water under the sky be gathered to one place, and let dry
ground appear. And it was so. God called the dry ground land, and the gathered
waters he called seas. And God saw that it was good.
Then God said, Let the land produce vegetation: seed-bearing plants and trees
on the land that bear fruit with seed in it, according to their various kinds. And it was so.
The land produced vegetation: plants bearing seed according to their kinds and trees
bearing fruit with seed in it according to their kinds. And God saw that it was good. And
there was evening, and there was morningthe third day.
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And God said, Let there be lights in the vault of the sky to separate the day from
the night, and let them serve as signs to mark sacred times, and days and years, and let
them be lights in the vault of the sky to give light on the earth. And it was so. God made
two great lightsthe greater light to govern the day and the lesser light to govern the
night. He also made the stars. God set them in the vault of the sky to give light on the
earth, to govern the day and the night, and to separate light from darkness. And God
saw that it was good. And there was evening, and there was morningthe fourth day.
And God said, Let the water teem with living creatures, and let birds fly above
the earth across the vault of the sky. So God created the great creatures of the sea and
every living thing with which the water teems and that moves about in it, according to
their kinds, and every winged bird according to its kind. And God saw that it was
good. God blessed them and said, Be fruitful and increase in number and fill the water
in the seas, and let the birds increase on the earth. And there was evening, and there
was morningthe fifth day.
And God said, Let the land produce living creatures according to their kinds: the
livestock, the creatures that move along the ground, and the wild animals, each
according to its kind. And it was so. God made the wild animals according to their
kinds, the livestock according to their kinds, and all the creatures that move along the
ground according to their kinds. And God saw that it was good.
Then God said, Let us make mankind in our image, in our likeness, so that they
may rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky, over the livestock and all the
wild animals,and over all the creatures that move along the ground. So God created
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mankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them; male and female he
created them.
God blessed them and said to them, Be fruitful and increase in number; fill the
earth and subdue it. Rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky and over every
living creature that moves on the ground.
Then God said, I give you every seed-bearing plant on the face of the whole
earth and every tree that has fruit with seed in it. They will be yours for food. And to all
the beasts of the earth and all the birds in the sky and all the creatures that move along
the ground everything that has the breath of life in it I give every green plant for food.
God saw all that he had made, and it was very good. And there was evening, and
there was morningthe sixth day. Thus the heavens and the earth were completed in
all their vast array.
By the seventh day God had finished the work he had been doing; so on the
seventh day he rested from all his work. Then God blessed the seventh day and made it
holy, because on it he rested from all the work of creating that he had done.
Authors Name: ANONYMOUS
Date/Year of publication: Copyright 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011
Title of the Resource Material: BIBLE (Genesis)
Place of Publication: 890 United Nations Avenue Manila, Philippines
Publishers Name: Philippine Bible Society
Page: Genesis 1
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DESCRIPTIVE
Concentrate on conveying a single, effective picture to the reader.
This is how we roll
Monica Gullon
At the heart of every summer roll are its crispy, crunchy sprouts. Dont
underestimate them because of their diminutive size and cutesy name----- the infant
form of radishes, mung beans, broccoli, and alfalfa pack a big nutritional punch, in some
cases way bigger than their grown-up counter parts. Broccoli sprouts, for one, contain
up to 100 times more sulforaphane glucosinolate (SGS)---- an antioxidant that scientists
believe boosts the bodys disease defense system---than plain old broccoli. Another
nice perk: these little guys are as close to a calorie free food as you can get. One full
cup of radish sprouts has only 16 calories. Yet sprouts high-fiber, high-water content
fills you up surprisingly fast, says Elisa Zied, R.D., a New York Citybased nutritionist
and spokesperson for the American Dietetic Association. We combined each distinctly
flavor sprout with the perfect complement of vegetables and / or protein and a
delectable dip to create a satisfying snack or easy, light meal. Each recipe makes eight
rolls, plus half cup of sauce.
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Authors Name: Monica Gullon
Date/Year of publication: November, 2010
Title of the Resource Material: Womens Health
Place of Publication:
Publishers Name: Womens Health
Page: 58
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EXPOSITORI
This kind of a paragraph is used as a component of other types of writing. Its
written in order to clarify or explain problems and phenomena.
CORDILLERAS FAVORITE FOOD AWAITING PATENT
Desiree Caluza
BAGUIO CITYSagada, the most popular tourist destination in Mt. Province,
wants to patent its homegrown etag, an in indigenous salted meat dish that is the
favorite in almost every ritual feast (caao) of the Cordillera. Residents who mount the
Etag Festival every February have started the process to acquire the patent for the
native way of preparing the delicacy, given the interest it has drawn from people outside
the region.
Etag is called
inuday by the Kankanaey in Benguet, but these tribes have
almost similar ways for smoking and curing pork meat in time for their clan festivals.
Some provinces cure their etag by hanging the meat over a raging fire. Other
provinces store the meat in earthen jars to stew in its own juice for weeks. Etag is then
boiled in a broth containing vegetables and pinikpikan. A slab of etag is sold for P150
per 250 grams in the local markets.
The Highland Agriculture and Resources Research and Development
Consortium in La Trinidad, Benguet believes there are ways to popularize the delicacy
by improving its quality.
Dr. Sownright Maddul, consortium director, said researchers had drawn up
a paper detailing how to make etag palatable as cuisine for non-Igorots. When you see
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a piece of etag, what do you usually think of? It has a foul smell. It is adiri (gross)
because it has maggots. Even the packaging is not appealing, he said.
In 2009, Harrdec undertook the project, value adding of pork based ethnic
delicacy (etag) for commercialization, which was jointly financed by the Philippine
Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development and
Benguet State University. Maddul said even the family-cultured meat did not follow a
strict code that was handed down by elders. The procedures, such as salting, smoking,
curing and preserving, were just estimations. The quality was not consistent, he said.
We were motivated to standardize the process of etag preparation, he said.
Authors Name: Desiree Caluza
Date/Year of publication: January 27, 2012
Title of the Resource Material: Philippine Daily Inquirer
Place of Publication: 330 San Gil Puyat Avenue, Makati City
Publishers Name: Philippine Daily Inquirer
Page: A 15
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ARGUMENTATIVE
A course of reasoning aimed at demonstrating truth or falsehood. Argument is
one of the traditional modes of discourse.
People to senators: Let the truth come out
Neal H. Cruz
The protagonists in the Corona impeachment trial, including the senator-judges,
seem to have forgotten one thing: ChiefJustice Renato Corona is being tried before the
people. The senators are there only as representatives of the people. The impeachment
court is similar to a Peoples Court. Therefore, what is going on in the impeachment
court should, as much as possible, be understandable to the people. In the final
analysis, it would be the people who would judge whether or not Corona is fit to remain
as ChiefJustice.
Right now, it would appearby the way legal technicalities not understandable to
the ordinary citizen are flying back and forththat the trial is the exclusive domain of
lawyers. Even some of the senator-judges who are not lawyers have a difficult time
trying to understand whats going on.
The same is true with perhaps 90 percent of the Filipinos watching the trial on their
television sets. They cant make heads or tails of what is going on. In fact, many of them
have lost interest in the trial and have turned to other channels. Too bad, because many
of the lawyers, especially lead defense counsel Serafin Cuevas and some of the
senators, are playing up to the gallery.
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I have listened to comments of men-on-the-street watching the trial from TV sets
in show windows of stores. The most common comment is: Ang gulo naman. Hindi ko
maintindihan ang nangyayari (Its confusing. I cant understand whats happening).
For example, they cant understand why the prosecution is being prevented from
presenting witnesses and evidence. Hindi ba ang silbi ng trial ay malaman ang
katotohanan? Paano malalaman ang katotohanan kung hindi pakikinggan ang mga
testigo at ipalalabas ang ebidensya (Isnt the purpose of the trial to find out the truth?
How can we know the truth if witnesses are not allowed to testify and evidence is
blocked from being presented)?
The person was an ordinary jeepney driver but what he said made a lot of sense,
something that the lawyers for the defense, and even some of the senator-judges, dont
seem to have.
I understand what is happening. The lawyers are so steeped in the law. Having
been immersed in it during their student days in law school and during most of their
adult life as lawyers, they breathe and think and live the law. The way the lawyers,
especially the defense counsels, are governed by the Rules of Court and the Rules of
Evidence, you would think that these rules are The Ten Commandments themselves.
The lawyers do not see outside the rules. So the rules are made to appear like blinders
on horses.
But the Senate impeachment court has its own rules. Presiding officer Juan
Ponce Enrile made that clear at the beginning of the trial. The Rules of Court are only
suppletory to the Senate rules, meaning, they only supplement the Senate rules.
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Therefore, if the impeachment court thinks the Rules of Court are a bar to the truth, it
should discard them. But the senators seem to have forgotten this.
Let us not forget that the purpose of the trial is to find out the truth. Is Corona still
fit to be ChiefJustice? If he is not, then he should go. If he is, then he should stay.
It is not whether he is guilty beyond reasonable doubt of the charges against him. It has
been said time and again that the impeachment trial is not a criminal trial where guilt
beyond reasonable doubt has to be proven. It is nearer to an administrative case where
only preponderance of evidence is necessary.
The reason for the difference is that if an accused is found guilty in a criminal
trial, he loses his life, liberty and property. In an administrative case, he loses only his
job, or is censured or suspended. He is not barred from finding a new job or, if he is
merely censured or suspended, he can go back to his old job. That is why only a
preponderance of evidence is needed to convict him.
An administrative case is similar to an impeachment case wherein the accused, if
found guilty, does not lose his life, liberty or property. He only loses his job and will be
barred from future employment in the government. But he can still get a job in the
private sector. If Corona is convicted, he only ceases to be the ChiefJustice, but he can
still work as a consultant in a private firm or practice law.
That is why many Filipinos do not understand why the defense tried to bar Internal
Revenue Commissioner Kim Henares from testifying and furnishing the court with
copies of his tax returns when the declarations in his ITR will determine his honesty and
his fitness to be ChiefJustice.
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The reason given was that it is not clear that ill-gotten wealth is among the
charges filed against him, although that is included in Article 2 of the impeachment
charges. The defense and, surprisingly, the presiding officer made it very difficult for the
prosecution to present its witness and evidence through legal technicalities. The
defense took advantage of the relative inexperience of the congressmen-prosecutors to
block them every inch of the way from presenting evidence. For almost every question,
formerJustice Cuevas would make an objection that left not only the prosecution but
also the people frustrated. The people only want to know the truth, not how smart the
lawyers are.
There is a saying among lawyers: If your client is guilty, prevent evidence and
witnesses from being presented. No evidence, no guilt. The defense seems to be
succeeding in this.
The impeachment court, and the presiding officer, should be wary of this ploy.
Let the senator-judges and the Filipino people know the truth. Is Renato Corona still fit
to be ChiefJustice?
Authors Name: Desiree Caluza
Date/Year of publication: January 27, 2012
Title of the Resource Material: Philippine Daily Inquirer
Place of Publication: 330 San Gil Puyat Avenue, Makati City
Publishers Name: Philippine Daily Inquirer
Page: A 12