metric system basics
DESCRIPTION
Metric System Basics. Measurement. A measurement is a repeatable observation of a quantity that includes a number and a unit. Examples: 43 meters 16 seconds 5 liters 20 minutes 20.5 centimeters. SI SYSTEM OF MEASUREMENT. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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A measurement is a repeatable observation of a quantity that includes a number and a unit.
Examples: 43 meters 16 seconds 5 liters 20 minutes 20.5 centimeters
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Scientists worldwide have agreed to use the SI system of measurement in their work.
SI stands for “Systeme’ International” Each type of measurement in SI has a base unit,
such as the meter for distance or the second for time.
A common name for this system is the metric system.
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Divide your top two planner page boxes into 24 sections by dividing it in half vertically, then each of those sections in half and then in half again.
Divide it horizontally in thirds like the following:
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List the saying that is going to help us remember the prefixes used in the metric system.
Then fill in the name of the prefixes along with their abbreviations.
This is what the skinnier box should look like.
kilo hecto deka deci centi milli
king henry danced
merrily
down center main
k h da d c m
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The base units we are going to work with this year are: Meter – that is used for measuring distance Gram – that is used for measuring mass Liter – that is used for measuring liquid
volume.
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Change the saying for each of the saying for the other two base units.
List the base units that are used for each of the measurements.
kilo hecto deka gracefuly
deci centi milli mass
king henry danced merrily down center main length
k
h da Lazily d c m volume
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Fill in the names of each unit by adding the prefixes to the base words.
List the abbreviations for each This is what the larger box should look
like.kilogramkg
hectogramhg
dekagramdag
gramg
decigramdg
centigramcg
milligrammg
mass
kilometerkm
hectometerhm
dekameterdam
meterm
decimeterdm
centimetercm
millimetermm
length
kiloliterkL
hectoliterhL
dekaliterdaL
LiterL
deciliterdL
centilitercL
millilitermL
volume
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Multiply each of the following numbers by 10
27 x 10 =
157 x 10 =
56.4 x 10 =
458.87 x 10 =
23.516 x 10 =
270
1570
564
4588.7
235.16
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Multiply each of the following numbers by 100
22 x 100 =
156 x 100 =
45.1 x 100 =
74.32 x 100 =
3.567 x 100 =
2200
15600
4510
7432
356.7
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330 10 =7600 10 =268.1 10 =1.78 10 =
18.395 10 =
33.0 or 33760.0 or 76026.810.1781.8395
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210 100 =7800 100 =521.6 100 =
82.1 100 =7.666 100 =
2.10 or 2.1
78.00 or 78
4.216
0.821
0.07666
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If you were able to do all that without a calculator, you can do metrics.
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The metric system is based on a base unit that corresponds to a certain kind of measurement
Length = meter (m) Volume = liter (L or l) Weight (Mass) = gram (g)
Prefixes added to the base units make up the metric system Example:
Centi + meter = Centimeter = cm Kilo + liter = Kiloliter = kL or kl
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The three prefixes that we will use the most in class are:kilocentimilli
kilo hecto deka
Base Units
metergramliter
deci centi milli
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So if you needed to measure length you would choose meter as your base unitLength of a tree branch
1.5 meters Length of a room
5 meters Length of a ball of twine stretched out
25 meters
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These prefixes are based on powers of 10. What does this mean? From each prefix every “step” is either:
10 times larger or
10 times smaller For example
Centimeters are 10 times larger than millimeters 1 centimeter = 10 millimeters
kilo hecto deka
Base Unitsmetergramliter
deci centi milli
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A centimeters is 10 times longer than a millimeter so it takes more millimeters for the same length
1 centimeter = 10 millimeters
Example not to scale
1 mm1 mm1 mm1 mm1 mm1 mm1 mm1 mm1 mm1 mm
1 cm
40
41
41
40
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For each “step” to right, you are multiplying by 10
For example, let’s go from a base unit to centi-
1 liter = 10 deciliters = 100 centiliters
2 grams = 20 decigrams = 200 centigrams
kilo hecto dekameterliter
gramdeci centi milli
( 1 x 10 = 10) = (10 x 10 = 100)
(2 x 10 = 20) = (20 x 10 = 200)
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An easy way to move within the metric system is by moving the decimal point one place for each “step” desired
Example: change meters to centimeters
1 meter = 10 decimeters = 100 centimetersor
1.00 meter = 10.0 decimeters = 100. centimeters
kilo hecto dekameterliter
gramdeci centi milli
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Now let’s try our previous example from meters to kilometers:16093 meters = 1609.3 decameters = 160.93 hectometers = 16.093 kilometers
So for every “step” from the base unit to kilo, we moved the decimal 1 place to the left (the same direction as in the diagram below)
kilo hecto deka
meterliter
gram
deci centi milli
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If you move to the left in the diagram, move the decimal to the left
If you move to the right in the diagram, move the decimal to the right
kilo hecto deka
meterliter
gram
deci centi milli
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Now let’s start from centiliters and convert to kiloliters
400000 centiliters = 4.00000 kiloliters
400000 centiliters = 4 kiloliters
kilo hecto deka
meterliter
gram
deci centi milli
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Now let’s start from meters and convert to kilometers
4000 meters = 4 kilometers
kilo hecto deka
meterliter
gram
deci centi milli
kilo hecto deka
meterliter
gram
deci centi milli
• Now let’s start from centigrams and convert to grams
4000 centigrams = 40 grams
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Now let’s start from liters and convert to centiliters
5 liters = 500 centiliters
kilo hecto deka
meterliter
gram
deci centi milli
kilo hecto deka
meterliter
gram
deci centi milli
• Now let’s start from kilograms and convert to grams
.3 kilograms = 300 grams
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Now let’s start from kilometers and convert to millimeters4 kilometers = 4000000 millimeters
or4 kilometers = 40 hectometers = 400 decameters = 4000 meters = 40000 decimeters = 400000 centimeters = 4000000 millimeters
kilo hecto deka
meterliter
gram
deci centi milli
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Summary Base units in the metric system are meter, liter,
gram Metric system is based on powers of 10 For conversions within the metric system, each
“step” is 1 decimal place to the right or left Using the diagram below, converting to the
right, moves the decimal to the right and vice versa
kilo hecto deka
meterliter
gram
deci centi milli