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2004 Economic censuses. MEXICO. Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática (INEGI). National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Informatics. 2004 Economic censuses. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
MEXICO
Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática
(INEGI)
National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Informatics
2004 Economic censuses
2004 Economic censuses
Economic Censuses in Mexico, provide outstanding information about various aspects related to fishing, mining, electricity, gas and water, construction, manufacturing industry, trade, services and transportation establishments.
Due to their geographic and thematic coverage, economic censuses are considered the most complete and comprehensive source of economic information in Mexico.
Background
Economic Censuses History
Since 75 years ago, Mexico has conducted the economic censuses every five years.
The first Economic Census was taken in 1930.
Currently 16 censuses have been achieved, including the 2004 one.
Background
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
3,500,000
Mexico: a long tradition
C ensus pro ject
Econom ic units
0
86,45948,5737,619 55,196
285,563
501,469
667,605799,400
857,871
1,005,1091,115,186
1,336,180
2,230,165
3,005,157
164,136
2,805,384
1930 1935 1940 1945 1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1989 1994 1999 2004
Information benefits
Economic Censuses are the main source of economic information for the National Statistical System.
They provide a national economic profile at their sectorial, geographic and thematic levels.
They show different patterns of specialization and industrial locations, as well as traditional and new economic activities.
Produce information for statistic frameworks in the sample planning.
In the National Accounts System they help to build the input-output matrix and also in the updating of the base-year, among others.
Information benefits
They serve as the users's framework for refrence in decision-making.
In the public sector they help in economic planning and its evaluation.
With this information managers, in different sectors, produce analisys in order to get information about the market current situation.
Using census information academic and researchers compare different hypothesis about the characteristics of the regional, state and domestic production systems.
Coverage (sectorial, thematic and geographic)
Sectorial Coverage
Secondary Activities
Tertiary Activities
Criteria of selection of large establisments & companies
Homologation
Primary Activities
Coverage (sectorial, thematic and geographic)
Thematic Coverage
The economic censuses incorporate a total of 1,184 variables.
General thematic (example) Specific thematic (example)
Legal category and kind ofpropertyForeign investmentAge of economic unitOccupied personnelWagesExpendituresIncomesInventoriesFixed assetsVehicle fleetBrand, patent, commercial name, etc.
Fishing equipment
Water sources and destination
Mineral reserves
Passengers and freight transported
Raw materials breakdown
Clients and suppliers
Hotel category
Coverage (sectorial, thematic and geographic)
Questionnaires
23 questionnaires
5 annexes
Annex for telephony servicesAnnex for integral port administrationAnnex for postal servicesAnnex for roads, bridges used by ground transportationAnnex for telegraphic services
Basic questionnaireRural area questionnaireAuxiliary establishment questionnaireFishing questionnaireManufacturing questionnaireElectricity industry questionnaireMining units questionnaireConstruction enterprises questionnaireTrade and services questionnaireEducation activities questionnaireAcommodation services questionnaireBanks and financial institutions questionnaireFinancial and insurance questionnaireWater supply questionnaireOil and gas extraction questionnairePetroleum refineries and petrochemical questionnaireTransit and road transportation of passengers questionnaire (individuals)Transit and road tarnsportation of passengers questionnaireAir transportation questionnaireElectric transportation questionnaireWater transportation questionnaireRail transportation questionnaireTransportation and distribution questionnaire
Coverage (sectorial, thematic and geographic)
Observation unit
Observation unit refers to the statistic unit for which data is collected. In most economic activities the constant economic unit used is the establishment, eventhough in some cases it can be the enterprise.
It includes fixed, partly fixed and household establishments, and excludes informal trade and those persons who work for own account without a physical location.
To cover the different ways observation units work, it was necessary to represent them at different levels.
Coverage (sectorial, thematic and geographic)
Observation unit
Establishment It is the economic unit that in a single physical location, permanently placed and delimited by constructions and fixed facilities, combines actions and resources under the control of a single proprietary organization or controller to make activities of goods production merchandise transaction or rendering services, either for profit or non for profit.
Enterprise It is the economic unit that under a single proprietary organization or controller, combines actions and resources to make activities of production of goods production, merchandise transaction or rendering services, either for profit or non for profit.
The enterprise can be defined at diverse geographic levels: Country, state or municipality according to are required.
Coverage (sectorial, thematic and geographic)
Geographic coverage
6,673 Localities which where census object (by complete "swept")
190,249 Rural localities which where sample object
Municipal town head
Localities which have 2,500 or more inhabitants(urban areas).
Localities which have less than 2,500 inhabitants, located on industrial estates or industrial parks.
29,957 Localities in sample, in which case a complete "swept" is realized.
Thematic Coverage
Legal category and kind of property
Physical person Cooperative society Association or civil society Profit mercantile societies Public services and trade Public administration and defense Other
Thematic Coverage
Occupied personnel
Belonging to the company (dependent) Production workers (Men, women and hours worked) Administrative employees (Men, women and hours worked) Owners, relatives and other non remunerated workers (Men, women and hours worked)
Not belonging to the company (non dependent) Personnel supplied by a different company (Men, women and hours worked) Personnel by fees (Men, women and hours worked)
Thematic Coverage
Wages
Wages and salaries Employer contributions Other social perceptions Distributed profits Payments for indemnity or personnel settlement
Thematic Coverage
Expenditures for the consumptionof goods and services
Valuation - Merchandise bought for sale - Foreign expenses - Domestic expenses - Materials consumed for rendering services - Raw and secondary material consumed - Fuel and lubricants consumption - Electricity consumptionPayments for production services (maquila) - Advertsing - Communication services - Packages - Insurance premiums - Royalties payments - Repairs and spare parts for maintenanceTravel allowances - Sold products shipments - Commissions on sales - Other expenses for consumption
Expenses not derived from the activity - Interests on credits or loans - Taxes levied on the economic activity - Specific taxes on products - Rights.
Thematic Coverage
Income for the provision of goods and services
Valuation• Domestic income • Foreign income • Net sales of mineral acquired for their sale• Services rendered• Net sales of fabricated products• Income for the rental of real estate, tangible goods, machinery and equipment• Income for production services (maquila)• Income for royalties • Other
Income not derived fromthe activity
FinancialSubsidiesDues, contributions or donationsOther Production value Fabricated products value Production of constructions and facilities Production of other fixed assets for own use
Thematic Coverage
Inventories
Inventories valuation• Inventories of bought merchandise for resale • Inventories of raw materials and material for rendering services• Inventories of fabricated products• Inventories of products in process• Inventories of other goods
Fixed assets
• Machinery and production equipment• Real estate• Transportation units and equipment • Computer and peripheral equipment • Installed and used capacity
Fixed assets depreciation • Fixed assets valuation • Purchase of fixed assets • Sale of fixed assets
Thematic Coverage
Vehicle fleet
AutomobileLight truckCraneBus Heavy truck MotorcycleVanTrailer truck AircraftsMicrobus Towing truck Other
Thematic Coverage
Fishing equipment
Commercial fishingFishing of promotionAquaculture and other aquatic faunaExtensive Semi extensiveIntensive Finfish fishingShellfish fishing
Thematic Coverage
SourcesSurface source of supply: rivers, lagoonsSubsoil source of supply: Underground rivers and filter galleriesWater in block: it is not extracted, it is boughtWater destinationWater intakesSewage system connectionsWaste water discharge
Water sources and destination
Thematic Coverage
Passengers and freight transported
Transportation equipment for rendering servicesOwn transportation unitsValue of rented transportation unitsOrigin of transportation unitsNationalForeignSupport transportation units and equipment
Thematic Coverage
Clients and suppliers
Clients - Final consumer - Commerce - Industrial and farming producers - Services - Public institutions - Other client
Suppliers - Industrial producers - Farming producers - Services - Commercial establishments - Public institutions - Other suppliers
Thematic Coverage
Hotel category
Category of establishment - 1 to 5 stars - Special class - Great tourism - Other
Capacity of lodging - Traditional hotel - Timeshare - Hotel or motel - Villas and cabins - Suites - Bungalows - Typical houses - Condo-hotels
Thematic Coverage
Criteria of selection of large establisments & companies
a) The occupied personnel (dependent and not dependent) is equal or greater to 50 workers.
b) Their annual income is equal or greater to 5 million pesos.c) Their fixed assets are equal or greater to 10 million pesos.d) Economic units which belong to a company and altogether fulfill one of the criteria established in the previous points.e) Economic units which belong to a national company (with establishments in more than one state).f) Economic units that are engaged in maquila exports.g) Units classified in: Private schools which combine diverse education degrees or
Public schools which combine diverse education levels.h) Public or private economic units which provide higher education services.i) Public economic units which provide education services and have 50 or more occupied persons.j) Economic units which provide accommodation with integrated services.
Thematic Coverage
The homologation of the Economic Statistics System
It is a system that is updated to be able to serve the users, offering them better and more useful statistical information on the establishments and companies in our country; at the moment seven statistical programs are carried out, which conform the direct collection of basic statistical data; these programs are:
Manufacturing surveys Construction companies surveysTrade establishments surveys Services and transportation surveys Mining-metallurgical industry statistics Production services (maquila) for exports statistics Economic Censuses (which include 28 collection instruments)
Thematic Coverage
The homologation of the Economic Statistics System
These projects can have a monthly, annual or five-year periodicity and they do not ask for duplicated information, due to the care in the integration and complementariness of the data between the projects, since each one covers a specific thematic. Thus, the monthly surveys collect timely information such as duration of workday, remunerated and not remunerated personnel, remunerations, major expenses and incomes, variation of inventories, etc., whereas the annual projects mainly collect variables that give account of the structure of the categories in the studied sector, for example: total men and women, specific expenses for the consumption of goods and services, income components, stocks variation, gross formation of fixed assets by each one of their components, etc., and finally, the censuses offer information on the composition of the total economic units, since they are projects which collect the totality of the universe of study in question.
Thematic Coverage
Economic Censuses Rural Survey Sample,2004
1. Survey ObjectiveTo obtain information about the number of establishments which operate in the rural context, as well as the main variables which characterize their participation in the domestic economy.
2. Target Population
Manufacturing, trade and services establishments conform the target population.
3. CoverageThis event considers the establishments located in rural areas excluding the “economic localities” and the “industrial corridors”. The Federal District is also excluded because this is the only state where the census covers 100% of the territory.
The survey was designed in order to provide information at the national, national by sector and federative entity levels.
4. Sample Design The sample design is probabilistic; due to this fact, the findings of this survey are generalized for all the establishments in the target population.
Thematic Coverage
Economic Censuses Rural Survey Sample,20044.1 Survey Framework
The framework applied to this survey was integrated according to the XII 2000 General Housing and Population Census statistic data, as well as to the 2003 cartographic update, previous to the urban enumeration.
4.2 Sample Units IntegrationThe sample units are integrated by rural AGEBs which, during the 2000 General Housing and Population Census, counted with inhabited localities and were not absorbed by urban areas between that year and the 2003 cartographic update; event in which all the urban localities were crossed over and the growth toward rural AGEBs were detected. The sample framework for each federative entity Rural Survey is the AGEB list related to in the paragraph above, excluding those in which the industrial corridors are located, as well as the localities with establishments considered as important.
4.3 StratificationSince the sample framework proceeds from the 2000 Housing and Population Counting, it was necessary to establish relationships between the indicators of both events in order to identify those with which to carry out the stratification.
In this way the correlated variables of population were obtained, with the total number of establishments in the three sectors as a whole and the one of trade sector individually, which were tested in stratification and multivariate analyses to select the group of indicators that besides having the highest correlations among them, is the one that presents minor number of overlaps in the stratums averages.14
Thematic Coverage
General strategy to carry out the 2004 Economic Censuses
Stage 1. Verification and update of the largest establishments and enterprises June 2nd to November 28th, 2003
Stage 2. Census operative March 1st to June 30th, 2004
In the stage 2, the participation of around 32,000 persons was required.
The 2004 Economic Censuses had an approximate cost of half the cost of the 1999 Economic Censuses in real terms.
Thematic Coverage
Economic Censuses have a wide sectorial coverage. They comprise 964 classes of activity out of the 1,051 in wich NAICS divides the Domestic Production System.
NAICS is the official classification system which arranges and presents economic data.
Economic Censuses 2004, exclude agriculture, farming and forestry; taxi services; political parties; and domestic services as well as international organism.
Coverage (sectorial, thematic and geographic)
Sectorial Coverage
81.5%18.5%
A global vis ion of the results obta ined by the 2004 Econom ic C ensuses
4,290,108 economic units
and 23,197,214 personnel
Result of the Econom ic Censuses, 2004
Result of the Econom ic Censuses, 2004
306,446
184,0103,005,157
81.5%18.5% 3,495,613 economic units in census
A global v ision of the results obtained by 2004 Econom ic Censuses
Econom ic units Total personnel
Econom ic units and total personnel*
* I nclude: Personnel dependent and non dependent on the trade nam e
Variation7.1%
Variation 9.5%
20031998
2,805,384
14,825,994
16,239,536
3,005,157
National Summary
The m ain variables by sector, 2003
Total 3,005,157 100.0 16,239,518 100.0 79.6 6,312,205,283 100.0
Fishing 21,252 0.7 196,481 1.2 29.9 13,964,324 0.2
Mining 3,077 0.1 122,640 0.8 166.9 459,605,723 7.3
E lectricity, water and gas (utilities) 2,437 0.1 221,335 1.4 157.7 346,456,336 5.5
Construction 13,444 0.4 652,387 4.0 35.4 177,658,231 2.8
Manufacturing 328,718 10.9 4,198,579 25.9 86.4 2,732,718,051 43.3
Trade 1,580,587 52.6 4,997,336 30.8 55.5 832,068,565 13.2
Transportation and warehousing 41,899 1.4 634,940 3.9 105.6 276,369,848 4.4
Finance & I nsurance 10,417 0.3 275,812 1.7 278.7 391,921,728 6.2
S ervices * * /
S ectorsAbsolute %
Econom ic units
Absolute %
Total of personnel* /
Annualpayrollper person Absolute %
Total gross output
(Thousand of pesos)(Thousand of pesos)
1,003,326 33.4 4,939,978 30.4 75.7 1,081,442,477 17.1
* I nclude: Personnel dependent and non dependent on the trade nam e.* * / I nform ation, Finance & I nsurance, Real estate & rental & leasing, Professional, scientific, & technical services, Adm inistrative & S upport & waste m anagm ent & rem ediation services, Educational services, Health care & social assistance, Arts, entertainm ent & recreation, Accom m odation & food services, and Other services.
National Summary
Com parative: Econom ic Censuses 1999 vs 2004Econom ic units
Percentage Absolute %
AbsoluteFigures % Variation
2,805,384 100.0 3,005,157 100.0 7.1
S ectors 1998 2003
TotalFishing
Mining
Electricity, gas and water (utilities)
Construction
Manufacturing
Trade
Transportation and warehousing
Finance & I nsurance
S ervices
21,252 0.721,447 0.8 - 1.0
3,077 0.12,896 0.1 6.3
2,437 0.12,436 0.1 0.0
13,444 0.414,630 0.5 - 8.1
328,718 10.9342,650 12.2 - 4.1
1,580,587 52.61,442,624 51.4 9.6
41,899 1.440,742 1.4 2.8
10,417 0.36,662 0.2 56.4
1,003,326 33.4931,287 33.3 7.7
National Summary
Com parative: Econom ic Censuses 1999 vs 2004Personnel
Percentage Absolute % Absolute % Variation
14,825,994 100.0 9.5
S ectors1998 2003
Total
Fishing
Mining
Electricity, gas and water (utilities)
Construction
Manufacturing
Trade
Transportation and warehousing
Finance & I nsurance
S ervices
190,182 1.3 3.3
124,259 0.8 - 1.3
193,247 1.3 14.5
712,894 4.8 - 8.5
4,445,253 30.0 - 5.5
4,010,159 27.1 24.6
627,656 4.2 1.2
290,666 2.0 - 5.1
4,231,678 28.5 16.7
16,239,518 100.0
196,481 1.2
122,640 0.8
221,335 1.4
652,387 4.0
4,198,579 25.9
4,997,336 30.8
634,940 3.9
275,812 1.7
4,939,978 30.4
National Summary
8.6% of the personnel (1 .4 m illions of persons) w eren 't legally dependent o f the econom ic unit for w hich they w ork. They can be
supplied by another trade nam e, com m ission agents or w hich earn fees.
Absolute % Absolute %
Total 16,239,518 100.0 14,840,254 100.0 1,399,264 100.0
Fishing 196,481 1.2 186,880 1.3 9,601 0.7
Mining 122,640 0.8 107,261 0.7 15,379 1.1
Electricity, gas and water(utilities) 221,335 1.4 213,240 1.4 8,095 0.6
Construction 652,387 4.0 597,931 4.0 54,456 3.9
Manufacturing 4,198,579 25.9 3,860,137 26.0 338,442 24.2
Trade 4,997,366 30.8 4,616,391 31.1 380,975 27.2
Transportation and warehousing 634,940 3.9 586,957 4.0 47,983 3.4
Finance & I nsurance 275,812 1.7 199,182 1.3 76,630 5.5
S ervices
S ectors
Total Personnel
Total Dependent of the trade nam e
Not dependent of the trade nam e
Absolute %
4,939,978 30.4 4,472,275 30.1 467,703 33.4
National Summary
Total personnel by sex, 2003(Percentages)
93.6
92.2
90.2
86.2
82.8
64.7
62.2
58.0
54.9
54.1
6.4
7.8
9.8
13.8
17.2
35.3
37.8
42.0
45.1
45.9
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Construction
Fishing
Mining
Transportation and warehousing
Electricity, water and gas (utilities)
Manufacturing
Total
Non- Financial services
Trade
Finance & insurance
M en W om en
National Summary
Total personnel by sex and stratum 2003(Percentages)
65.9
69.1
66.9
54.4
62.2
34.1
30.9
33.1
45.6
37.8
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
251 and m ore
51 to 250
11 to 50
0 to 10
Total
M en W om en
National Summary
Main econom ic sectors by variable
Rank
Manufacturing
25.9%
Total 86.3% 69.9% 239.5 70.0%
Accom m odation & food services
9.2%
W holesale trade
5.9%
W holesale trade
6.0%
1ro.
3ro
Retail trade
49.7% 337.9
Manufacturing
43.3%
Other services
13.1%
Retail trade
24.8%
2do.
Total gross
output
4to.
5to.
Finance & I nsurance
278.6
Mining
7.3%
Manufacturing
10.9%
Accom m odation & food services
7.5%
Econom ic
unit
Total Personnel
Average rem unerationby person
( thousands of annual pesos )
I nform ation
256.0
Health care & social assistance
3.4%
Other services
5.8%
Electricity, waterand gas (utilities)
157.7
Mining
166.9
Finance & I nsurance
6.2%
Retail trade
7.2%
Managem ent of com panies and enterprises
National Summary
Econom ic units according to the personnel stratum , 2003
Total Manufacturing Trade S ervices Others
(Percentages)
0 to 10 11 to 50 51 to 250 251 to m ore
94.990.9
97.0 94.7
74.3
4.33.9 6.0 2.5
18.5
0.9 0.4 0.86.0
2.2 0.1 0.21.2
0.90.2
Personnel stratum
National Summary
90.1%
7.5%
2.4%
Natural person Business association Other
J uridical category of the económ ic units , 2003(Percentages)
National Summary
Fixed establishm ent S em i- fixed establishm ent Household
* / Fishing, m ining, electicity, gas and water, construction, transportation and financial services.
85.893.0 93.8
97.792.1
1.6 4.70.6 3.2 3.5 3.10.72.73.813.6
M anufacturing Trade Services O ther sectors */
Tota l
Fixed, sem i- fixed and household establishm ent, 2003 (Percentages)
National Summary
Eight states take account for 63.3%of the total gross output.
Percentages of selected variables by state, 2003
Tota l gross outputTota l personnelEconom ic units
5
10
15
20
National Summary
Rank Econom ic units
Occupied Average rem uneration per person( thousands of annual pesos)
Total gross
output
1Mexico12.1%
Distrito Federal17.5%
Distrito Federal125.3
Distrito Federal23.3%
2Distrito Federal
11.4%
México
9.4%
Nuevo León
97.1
México
8.5%
3J alisco7.1%
J alisco7.5%
Cam peche88.4
Nuevo León8.4%
4Veracruz
6.1%Nuevo León
6.2%México
80.0J alisco6.0%
5Puebla5.5%
Veracruz4.5%
Baja California76.7
Cam peche4.5%
Total 42.2% 45.1% 90.8 50.7%
Main states, 2003
National Summary
Contribution to the total gross output
6.7% O il and gas extraction
4.2% Generation and transm ission of electric power
3.3% Autom obiles and light trucks m anufacturing
3.3% Refining of crude petroleum
2.2% Banks
2.3% Chem ical products m anufacturing
1.9% Traditional telephony
1.5% Pharm acy products m anufacturing
1.4% S oda m anufacturing
1.2% Managem ent of non- financial com panies and enterprises
1.2% Electric and electronic equipm ent for autom otive vehicles
1.0% I nvestm ent societies
1.0% Cellular telephony
Main activities13 of the 964 activity classes collected by the Econom ic Censuses concentrate 31.1% of the total gross output, 37.0% of the fixed assets, 5.3% of the occupied personnel and only 0.069% of the econom ics units.
31.1% Total
National Summary
8.2
12.4
6.2
4.6
I nternet relationshipbetween custom er
and suppliers
Adm inistrativeprocesses
Technical ordesign processes
Developm ent program s to im prove
processing
Econom ic units using com puter equipm ent and I nternet, 2003
(Percentages)
National Summary
In ternet re la tionship betw eencustom er and suppliers
Adm inistra tive processes Technica l ordesign processes
Program m developm entto im prove processing
Personnel stratum
251 and m ore51 - 250 11 - 50 0 - 10
5.68.9
4.3 3.0
52.2
74.1
37.7
30.0
73.1
90.2
58.2
48.2
84.5
95.1
74.868.5
Econom ic units using com puter equipm ent and I nternet, 2003
(Percentages)
National Summary
Coverage (sectorial, thematic and geographic)
Mining
Electricity, gas and water
Construction
Manufacturing industry
S econdary Activities
Coverage (sectorial, thematic and geographic)
W holesale trade
Retail trade
Transportation and warehousing
I nform ation
Finance and insurance
Real estate and rental
Professional, scientific and technical services
Managem ent of com panies and enterprises
Adm inistrative and support and waste m anagem entand rem ediation services
Educational services
Health care and social assistance
Accom m odation and food services
Other services except governm ent services
Entertainm ent and recreation services
Governm ent activities
Tertiary Activities