mexico - world bankspappssecext.worldbank.org/sites/indc/pdf_library/mx.pdf · 2016. 10. 13. ·...

Mexico

Acknowledgments

The (I)NDC Content Briefs were produced by the Climate Policy

Team of the World Bank Climate Change Group. The team was led

by Sebastian Wienges and Ana Bucher under the supervision of

Stephen Alan Hammer. Detail analysis of country (I)NDC was

provided by Tom Witt, Jiawei Song, Karan Chouksey (mitigation

components), Yin Qiu, Yunziyi Lang, and Prajwal Baral (adaptation

components). The team is grateful for all comments and

suggestions received from regional and sector specialists

regarding the presentation and synthesis of relevant information.

© 2016 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433, U.S.A. Internet: www.worldbank.org

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEAN | Mexico | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

Introduction In response to a growing interest in understanding (Intended) Nationally DeterminedContributions ((I)NDCs) and with regard to the ultimate goal of supporting countries'implementation of their national climate targets, the World Bank Climate Policy Team (WBCPT) has

reviewed all developing countries (I)NDCs' submitted to the UNFCCC. The (I)NDC Content Brief

aims to provide a summary analysis of existing and instead country mitigation and adaptation

policies and plans, commitments and targets, implementation strategies and sector priorities,

associated costs and conditionalities, and stated gaps and needs, among other issues.

The (I)NDC content briefs are created solely on the basis of information from submitted(I)NDCs and makes no inferences about robustness, quality, or viability of intended policiesor actions.

The (I)NDCs review will help implementing organizations like the World Bank Group (WBG) identify

and familiarize with a range of country priorities in terms of sectoral engagement, and needs in

terms of capacity building, technology transfer, and financing. Based on this comprehensive

mapping exercise, the WBG will develop a useful, easytouse, and interactive database and briefs

of all (I)NDCs to inform a wide range of WBG initiatives and client engagement processes, including

the development of Systematic Country Diagnostics (SCDs) and Country Partnership Frameworks

(CPFs), and at a later stage respond to the more specific requests from all WBG Global Practices

(GPs), regions, and country units for the identification of potential development opportunities,

analytical studies and technical assistance to support countries' implementation of planned policies

and actions. Indepth summaries of (I)NDCs by sectors and regions will be prepared at a later stage.

In regards to Adaptation, although no global adaptation mechanism is established, the ParisAgreement parties are required to engage in adaptation planning and implementation of actions

which include preparation of adaptation plans. The Adaptation section of a large number of

submitted (I)NDCs, aims to increase development planning and scale the ability of countries to

adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change and foster climate resilience and low greenhouse

gas emissions development, in a manner that does not threaten sustainable development. In

addition to requested finance, the implementation of country commitments is largely tied to

significant amounts of external assistance to support development and execution of adaptation

plans. Although subsequent (I)NDCs are not explicitly required to have an adaptation component,

the process will ensure increased resilience is recognized under the UNFCCC and climate finance

mobilization is enhanced with an aim to achieve a balance between adaptation and mitigation flows.



Table of Contents

I Overall Planning and Preparation Process

II Mitigation

Economywide Targets

Economywide Policies

Mitigation Actions and Policies

III Adaptation

Adaptation Targets

Adaptation Context

Adaptation Actions and Policies

Acronyms

BAU Business as Usual NAMA Nationally Appropriate MitigationActions

CIFPPCR Climate Investment Funds PilotProgram for Climate Resilience

NAP National Adaptation Plan

DRM Disaster Risk Management NAPA National Adaptation Programmesof Action

INDC Intended Nationally DeterminedContributions

REDD+ Reducing emissions fromdeforestation and forestdegradation and the role ofconservation, sustainablemanagement of forests andenhancement of forest carbonstocks in developing countries

LEDS Low Emission DevelopmentStrategy

LULUCF Land Use and Land Use Changeand Forestry

|

|

|



Overall Planning and

Preparation Process

How reliable is the prioritization of the (I)NDC? How serious is thegovernment about implementing policies and actions to achieve the (I)NDCtargets?

Political decision of adoption of INDC at:Head of state level

Interministerial level

Parliament

Ministry Level

Technical development of INDC through a participatory processStakeholder involvement

Multisector commision

Have development benefits been assessed and considered in the planningprocess?

Are there climate policies and actions already in place/under development?

LEDS YES

NAMAS

NAPA


$N/A

(in Billion USD)

TOTAL COST OF

IMPLEMENTATION (mitigation and adaptation)


Existing policies:Ongoing process for new set of standards and regulations

National Strategy on Climate Change, 10-20-40 years. 2013

General Climate Change Law. 2012

Special Program on Climate Change (PECC in Spanish) 2014-2018

Five National Communications to the UNFCCC

Has the INDC development been supported by a development partner?Technical support UK/GERMANY (BMZ) WRI PROJECT

Financial support

Implementation Plans and Needs

Specific requests for international provision of means of implementation:

Technology Transfer

Financial support YES

Capacity Building YES

Does the INDC intend the private sector to be involved in theimplementation of the NDC?

YES

Are carbon pricing/international market mechanisms intended?YES

Are there any barriers identified?

Link list:• Mexico INDC Factsheet (projected per capita emissions): http://www.climateenergycollege.net/files/site1/factsheets/Mexico_INDCFactsheet_UoMPRIMAP_GWPAR4.pdf • Climate Action Tracker Mexico (assessment of Mexico's INDC): http://climateactiontracker.org/countries/mexico.html


http://www.climate-energy-college.net/files/site1/factsheets/Mexico_INDCFactsheet_UoM-PRIMAP_GWPAR4.pdf

http://climateactiontracker.org/countries/mexico.html

-22%(GHGs) | -51% (black carbon) | peak net emissions startingfrom 2026

n/a

additional -14% (GHGs) | additional -19% (black carbon)

n/a


Mitigation

ECONOMY-WIDE TARGETS

Conditionality: INDC page link

Unconditional part of mitigationtarget:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Conditional part of mitigationtarget:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Coverage of Gases: CO , CH , N O, HFCs, PFCs, SF , NF

Other Targets:a net emissions peak starting from 026 | reduce Black Carbon by51% (unconditional), reduce Black Carbon by 70% (conditional)

POLICIES:

TARGET YEAR

2030TARGET TYPE

-36%Relative Emission Reduction

Compared to BAU (%)

N/A(in Billion USD)

COST OFIMPLEMENTATION

2 4 2 6 3

2



MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESLULUCF/FORESTRY Plans:

Sustainable Land Management P. 5

Grasslands P. 5

LULUCF/Forestry: General P. 5

Afforestation P. 5

Reforestation P. 5


http://www4.unfccc.int/submissions/INDC/Published%20Documents/Mexico/1/MEXICO%20INDC%2003.30.2015.pdf#page=5






MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESWASTE Plans:

Wastewater P. 5

Waste: General P. 5

Solid Waste P. 5






MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESINDUSTRIES Plans:

Chemicals P. 5

Industries: General P. 5

Iron and Steel P. 5






MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESAGRICULTURE Plans:

Agriculture: General P. 5

Agricultural Waste P. 5

Soils P. 5

Fertilizers P. 5







MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESENERGY Plans:

Energy: General P. 5

Gas Processing P. 5




N/A

N/A


Adaptation

ADAPTATION TARGETS

ADAPTATION CONTEXT

Existing National Development/Resilience Policies and Plans

National Communications FIVE NATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS

NAPs

NAPAS

CIF-PPCRs

Sectoral Strategies

Cross-cutting

SPECIAL PROGRAM ON CLIMATECHANGE (PECC) 2014-2018GENERAL CLIMATE CHANGE LAW(2012)

NATIONAL STRATEGY ON CLIMATECHANGE (2013)

Conditionality:

Unconditional part of adaptation implementation

Conditional part of adaptation implementation

Conditional upon international provision of meansof implementation

TARGET YEAR

2030N/A

(in Billion USD)

COST OFIMPLEMENTATION


n/a

n/a

n/a

Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a

Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: n/a

Technology Transfer:

Capacity Building: n/a


ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

LULUCF/FORESTRY

REFORESTATION

Target: INDC page link

P. 7

Reach a rate of 0% deforestation by the year 2030

Actions:

UNCONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link

Reforest high, medium and low watersheds with special attention toriparian zones and taking into account native species in the area.

P. 7

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation

Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:

Implementation Needs:




n/a

n/a

n/a



Technology Transfer:availability of methods and tools to assessclimate impacts, vulnerability and adaptationin specific sectors and regions.




CROSS-CUTTING AREA

CLIMATE RISK

MANAGEMENT

Target: INDC page link

P. 7

Reduce at least by 50% the number of municipalities in the category of“most vulnerable” in the PECC 2014-2018 and avoid any other Municipalityfalling into this category.

Actions:


Reduce vulnerability of the population through territorial planning toolsand risk management such as the National Vulnerability Atlas and theNational Risk Atlas.Reduce the population s vulnerability and increase its adaptive capacitythrough early warning systems, risk management at every level ofgovernment.

P. 7

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation






n/a

n/a

n/a




access to information systems in order tomonitor hydrometeorological events in realtime and thus consolidate and enhance earlywarning systems.




CLIMATE SERVICESActions:


Reduce the population s vulnerability and increase its adaptive capacitythrough hydrometeorological monitoring at every level of government.Invert the proportion of financing currently provided tohydrometeorological disasters attention by increasing the ones investedfor disasters prevention.

P. 7

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a

n/a







CAPACITY

BUILDING AND

KNOWLEDGE

TRANSFER

Actions:


Ensure capacity building and participation of the society, localcommunities, indigenous peoples, women, men, youth, civil organizationsand private sector in national and subnational climate change planning.

P. 7

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a

n/a



Technology Transfer:water technologies for savings, recycling,

capture, irrigation and sustainablemanagement for agriculture purposes.




WATER

WATER

MANAGEMENT

Actions:


Guarantee the integral management of water for its different uses(agriculture, ecological, urban, industrial and domestic)

P. 7

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a

n/a







WASTEWATER

TREATMENTActions:


Guarantee urban and industrial waste water treatment, ensuring quantityand good quality of water in human settlements larger than 500,000inhabitants and to monitor their performance.

P. 8

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a

n/a







ENVIRONMENT

WATERSHED AND

RIVER BASIN

MANAGEMENT

Actions:


Guarantee water access in light of growing climate threats through integralwatershed management, biodiversity and land conservation.

P. 7

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a

n/a







ECOSYSTEM AND

BIODIVERSITYActions:


Conserve and restore ecosystems in order to increase ecologicalconnectivity of all Natural Protected Areas and other conservationschemes, through biological corridors and sustainable productiveactivities. This approach will take into account the equitable participationof the population and will have a territorial approach.

Substantially increase the Programs of Action and Conservation ofSpecies in order to strengthen the protection of priority species from thenegative impacts of climate change.

P. 7

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a

n/a



Technology Transfer: technologies for the protection of coastal andriver infrastructure.




COASTAL ZONE

COASTAL

MANAGEMENT

Actions:


Strengthen coastal protection with the implementation of a scheme ofconservation and recovery of coastal and marine ecosystems such as coralreefs, mangroves, sea grass and dunes.

P. 7

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a

n/a







AGRICULTURE

FOOD SECURITY

Actions:


Guarantee food security in light of growing climate threats through integralwatershed management, biodiversity and land conservation.

P. 7

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a

n/a







AGROECOLOGYActions:


Strengthen the diversification of sustainable agriculture by conservinggermplasm and native maize species, thermal comfort for livestock,

development of agro-ecosystems, through the incorporation of climatecriteria in agriculture programs.

P. 8

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a

n/a







TOURISM

TOURISM:

GENERAL

Actions:


Execute infrastructure relocation programs currently located in high-riskzones in priority tourism destinations and implement restoration actionsof vacated locations.Apply the norm on specifications for environmental protection andadaptation to the adverse effects of climate change in the planning,

design, construction, operation and abandonment of tourism facilities incoastal ecosystems.

P. 8

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a

n/a




transportation technologies that are resilientto the adverse effects of climate change inparticular for roads and massivetransportation.




TRANSPORT

INFRASTRUCTURE

AND ROADS

Actions:


Incorporate adaptation criteria for public investment projects thatinclude infrastructure construction and maintenance.

Guarantee the security of dams and strategic hydraulic infrastructure, aswell as communications and transportation strategic infrastructure.

P. 8

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a

n/a







URBAN

SUSTAINABLE

URBAN PLANNING

Actions:


Relocate irregular human settlements in zones prone to disasters throughland use regulations.

P. 7

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a

n/a







SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

GENDER

Actions:


Strengthen the adaptive capacity of the population through transparentand inclusive mechanisms of social participation, designed with a genderand human rights approach.

P. 7

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a

n/a







HEALTH

AWARENESS

RAISING AND

BEHAVIOR

CHANGE

Actions:


Prevent illnesses that are exacerbated by climate change through an earlywarning system with epidemiologic information.

P. 7

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation



