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Product Reference Manual MGCP & MEGACO Protocols

Version 6.6 December 2015

Document # LTRT-77009

Mediant™ Media Gateways

MediaPack™ Media Gateways IPmedia™ Media Servers

Version 6.6 3 Analog & Digital Media Gateways

Product Reference Manual Contents

Table of Contents 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 19 2 System Initialization Process ........................................................................... 21

2.1 Configuration Parameters and Files ..................................................................... 21 2.1.1 Initialization (ini) File ................................................................................................22

2.1.1.1 Parameter Value Structure .......................................................................23 2.1.1.2 Tables of Parameter Value Structure .......................................................24

2.1.2 Automatic Update Facility ........................................................................................26 2.2 Boot Firmware & Operational Firmware ................................................................ 30 2.3 Using BootP/DHCP .............................................................................................. 31

2.3.1 BootP/DHCP Server Parameters ............................................................................31 2.3.1.1 Command Line Switches..........................................................................32

2.3.2 Host Name Support .................................................................................................33 2.3.3 Selective BootP .......................................................................................................34 2.3.4 Secure Startup .........................................................................................................34 2.3.5 Vendor Specific Information.....................................................................................35

3 Management Functions .................................................................................... 37 3.1 CLI-Based Management ....................................................................................... 37

3.1.1 Starting a CLI Management Session .......................................................................37 3.1.2 CLI Navigation Concepts .........................................................................................38 3.1.3 Commands ..............................................................................................................38

3.1.3.1 General Commands .................................................................................39 3.1.3.2 MGCP/MEGACO Commands ..................................................................44 3.1.3.3 Call Detail Reports (CDR) Commands .....................................................49 3.1.3.4 Configuration Commands.........................................................................50 3.1.3.5 Management Commands .........................................................................52 3.1.3.6 PSTN Commands ....................................................................................53

3.1.4 Debug Recording (DR) ............................................................................................56 3.1.4.1 Collecting DR Messages ..........................................................................56 3.1.4.2 Activating DR ............................................................................................57 3.1.4.3 DR Command Reference .........................................................................57

3.1.5 Changing the Network Parameters via CLI .............................................................61 3.1.5.1 Accessing the CLI ....................................................................................61

3.2 SNMP-Based Management .................................................................................. 63 3.2.1 SNMP Standards and Objects .................................................................................63

3.2.1.1 SNMP Message Standard ........................................................................63 3.2.1.2 SNMP MIB Objects ..................................................................................64 3.2.1.3 SNMP Extensibility Feature......................................................................65

3.2.2 Carrier-Grade Alarm System ...................................................................................65 3.2.2.1 Active Alarm Table ...................................................................................66 3.2.2.2 Alarm History ............................................................................................66

3.2.3 Cold Start Trap ........................................................................................................66 3.2.4 File Management .....................................................................................................66

3.2.4.1 Downloading a File to the Device .............................................................66 3.2.4.2 Uploading and Removing a File ...............................................................67

3.2.5 Performance Measurements ...................................................................................67 3.2.5.1 Total Counters ..........................................................................................68 3.2.5.2 Reporting Congestion in Performance Monitoring ...................................68 3.2.5.3 TrunkPack-VoP Series Supported MIBs ..................................................69

3.2.6 Performance Monitoring Parameters .......................................................................77 3.2.6.1 DS3 Performance Monitoring ...................................................................77 3.2.6.2 Fiber Group Performance Monitoring .......................................................78

3.2.7 Toplogy MIB - Objects .............................................................................................89

Product Reference Manual 4 Document #: LTRT-77009

Analog & Digital Media Gateways

3.2.7.1 Physical Entity - RFC 2737 ......................................................................89 3.2.7.2 IF-MIB - RFC 2863 ...................................................................................89

3.2.8 SNMP Interface Details ...........................................................................................94 3.2.8.1 SNMP Community Names .......................................................................94 3.2.8.2 SNMPv3 USM Users ................................................................................96 3.2.8.3 Configuration of SNMPv3 users via the ini File ........................................96 3.2.8.4 Configuration of SNMPv3 users via SNMP ..............................................97 3.2.8.5 Trusted Managers ....................................................................................98 3.2.8.6 SNMP Ports ............................................................................................100 3.2.8.7 Multiple SNMP Trap Destinations ..........................................................100

3.2.9 Dual Module Interface ............................................................................................104 3.2.10 SNMP NAT Traversal ............................................................................................104 3.2.11 Gateway Severity ...................................................................................................105 3.2.12 SNMP for AMS ......................................................................................................105

3.2.12.1 Media Server Configuration....................................................................105 3.2.12.2 Systems ..................................................................................................106

3.2.13 High Availability Systems.......................................................................................106 3.2.14 Administrative State Control ..................................................................................107

3.2.14.1 Node Maintenance .................................................................................107 3.2.14.2 Graceful Shutdown .................................................................................107

3.2.15 SNMP Traps ..........................................................................................................108 3.2.15.1 Alarm Traps ............................................................................................108 3.2.15.2 Alarms Applicable to all Devices ............................................................108

3.2.16 Component: AlarmManager#0 ..............................................................................113 3.2.16.1 Alarms Applicable to Mediant 3000 Only ...............................................115 3.2.16.2 Audio Provisioning Alarm (Applicable to IPmedia 2000 / IPmedia 3000) 125 3.2.16.3 Alarms Applicable to MediaPack and Mediant 1000 ..............................133 3.2.16.4 Alarms Applicable to Mediant 1000 Only ...............................................134 3.2.16.5 Log Traps (Notifications) ........................................................................144 3.2.16.6 Other Traps ............................................................................................147 3.2.16.7 Trap Varbinds .........................................................................................149

3.2.17 SNMP Alarms in Syslog.........................................................................................149 3.2.18 Getting Started with SNMP ....................................................................................150

3.2.18.1 Basic SNMP Configuration Setup ..........................................................150 3.2.18.2 Familiarizing Yourself with AudioCodes MIBs........................................153 3.2.18.3 Performance Monitoring Overview .........................................................155 3.2.18.4 Traps and Alarms ...................................................................................158

3.3 Voice Menu ........................................................................................................ 161 3.4 INI File-Based Management ............................................................................... 164

3.4.1.1 System Parameters ................................................................................165 3.4.1.2 Daylight Saving Parameters ...................................................................177 3.4.1.3 Infrastructure Parameters.......................................................................178 3.4.1.4 Media Processing Parameters ...............................................................192 3.4.1.5 PSTN Parameters ..................................................................................210 3.4.1.6 Analog Parameters (MediaPack and Mediant 1000 Analog only) .........227 3.4.1.7 Control Protocol Parameters ..................................................................232 3.4.1.8 Routing Parameters ...............................................................................240 3.4.1.9 IPsec Parameters ...................................................................................242 3.4.1.10 NFS Parameters .....................................................................................243 3.4.1.11 SRTP Parameters ..................................................................................244 3.4.1.12 MGCP-Specific Parameters ...................................................................248 3.4.1.13 MEGACO-Specific Parameters ..............................................................253 3.4.1.14 Web Interface Parameters .....................................................................256 3.4.1.15 SNMP Parameters .................................................................................260 3.4.1.16 Voice Streaming Parameters .................................................................263 3.4.1.17 SCTP Parameters ..................................................................................266 3.4.1.18 Advanced Audio Server Parameters ......................................................268

3.4.2 ini File Table Parameters .......................................................................................270



3.4.2.1 NFS Servers Table Parameters .............................................................270 3.4.2.2 DS3 Configuration Table Parameters ....................................................271 3.4.2.3 MEGACO Gateway Configuration Table Parameters ............................273 3.4.2.4 MEGACO Gateway Controller Link Table Parameters ..........................275

4 Network Configuration .................................................................................... 277 4.1 Multiple Network Interfaces and Virtual LANs ..................................................... 277

4.1.1 Interface Table Overview .......................................................................................278 4.1.2 Interface Table Columns........................................................................................279

4.1.2.1 Index Column .........................................................................................279 4.1.2.2 Allowed Application Types Column ........................................................279 4.1.2.3 Interface Mode Column ..........................................................................280 4.1.2.4 IP Address and Prefix Length Columns .................................................280 4.1.2.5 Gateway Column ....................................................................................280 4.1.2.6 VLAN ID Column ....................................................................................281 4.1.2.7 The Interface Name Column ..................................................................281

4.1.3 Other Related Parameters .....................................................................................281 4.1.3.1 Booting using DHCP ..............................................................................281 4.1.3.2 Enabling VLANs .....................................................................................281 4.1.3.3 ’Native’ VLAN ID .....................................................................................282 4.1.3.4 Quality of Service Parameters ...............................................................283 4.1.3.5 Applications with Assignable Application Type ......................................284

4.1.4 Configuring IPv6 ....................................................................................................285 4.1.5 Interface Table Configuration Summary & Guidelines ..........................................285 4.1.6 Troubleshooting - Interface Table ..........................................................................287

4.2 Routing Table ..................................................................................................... 288 4.2.1 Routing Table Overview ........................................................................................288 4.2.2 Routing Table Columns .........................................................................................288

4.2.2.1 Destination Column ................................................................................288 4.2.2.2 Prefix Length Column .............................................................................288 4.2.2.3 Gateway Column ....................................................................................288 4.2.2.4 Interface Column ....................................................................................289 4.2.2.5 Metric Column ........................................................................................289 4.2.2.6 Status Column ........................................................................................289

4.2.3 Routing Table Configuration Summary & Guidelines ............................................290 4.2.4 Troubleshooting - Routing Table ...........................................................................290

4.3 Setting up Your System ...................................................................................... 291 4.3.1 Setting up Your System via Web Interface ............................................................291 4.3.2 Setting up Your System via ini File ........................................................................291 4.3.3 Getting Started with the Mediant 3000 System in High Availability Mode .............296

4.3.3.1 Mediant 3000 Internal Link .....................................................................296 4.3.3.2 Configuring the Mediant 3000 for Multiple Interfaces via ini File ...........297 4.3.3.3 Using Separate Physical Network Interfaces with your Mediant 3000 ..298

5 PSTN ................................................................................................................. 301 5.1 PSTN Description ............................................................................................... 301

5.1.1 PSTN Protocols .....................................................................................................301 5.1.2 PSTN Physical Interfaces ......................................................................................301 5.1.3 PSTN Low-Layer Applications ...............................................................................302

5.2 Configuring the PSTN Interface and Protocols ................................................... 303 5.2.1 Common E1 / T1 Trunk Parameters ......................................................................303

5.2.1.1 ProtocolType ..........................................................................................303 5.2.1.2 FramingMethod ......................................................................................306 5.2.1.3 LineCode ................................................................................................306 5.2.1.4 LineBuildOut.LOSS ................................................................................306 5.2.1.5 LineBuildOut.OverWrite ..........................................................................306



5.2.1.6 TraceLevel ..............................................................................................307 5.3 ISDN .................................................................................................................. 308

5.3.1 ISDN Overview ......................................................................................................308 5.3.1.1 OSI Seven Layer Protocol Stack ............................................................308 5.3.1.2 ISDN Variants .........................................................................................309

5.3.2 ISDN PRI ...............................................................................................................310 5.3.3 ISDN Specific Trunk's Parameters ........................................................................311 5.3.4 ISDN BRI ...............................................................................................................312

5.3.4.1 BRI Characteristics .................................................................................312 5.3.4.2 SPID (ITU-T Recommendation Q.932) ..................................................312

5.3.5 ISDN NFAS (PRI only) ...........................................................................................313 5.3.5.1 Benefits...................................................................................................313 5.3.5.2 NFAS Implementation Limitations ..........................................................313 5.3.5.3 List of Terms ...........................................................................................313 5.3.5.4 ISDN Variants that Support NFAS .........................................................313 5.3.5.5 Using ISDN NFAS Blade Parameters ....................................................314 5.3.5.6 ISDN NFAS Members ............................................................................314 5.3.5.7 Changing the Interface ID in the Blade Parameters ..............................315 5.3.5.8 Developing an Application with the DMS100 Switch .............................315 5.3.5.9 Related ini File Parameters ....................................................................317

5.3.6 ISDN Flexible Behavior..........................................................................................317 5.3.6.1 Using ini File Parameters .......................................................................317 5.3.6.2 ISDNOutgoingCallsBehavior ..................................................................318 5.3.6.3 ISDNIncomingCallsBehavior ..................................................................319 5.3.6.4 ISDNQ931LayerResponseBehavior ......................................................321 5.3.6.5 ISDNNSBehaviour2 ................................................................................323 5.3.6.6 ISDNGeneralCCBehaviour.....................................................................324 5.3.6.7 Example of Using the ISDN Flexible Behavior Parameters ...................325

5.3.7 Performing Manual D-Channel Switchover in NFAS Group ..................................326 5.3.8 ISDN Overlapped Digits.........................................................................................326

5.3.8.1 Sending ISDN Overlapped Digits ...........................................................326 5.3.8.2 Example of Using ISDN Overlapped Digits ............................................327

5.3.9 Q.931 Relay Mode .................................................................................................327 5.3.9.1 Using Q.931 Relay Mode .......................................................................327 5.3.9.2 Q.931 Relay Packet Structure ................................................................328 5.3.9.3 Activating Q.931 Relay Mode .................................................................328

5.3.10 Q.931 Raw Message Mode ...................................................................................328 5.3.10.1 Using Q.931 Raw Message Mode .........................................................328 5.3.10.2 Q.931 Raw Data Message Structure .....................................................329 5.3.10.3 Activating Q.931 Raw Data Message Structure .....................................329 5.3.10.4 Examples of Using Q.931 Raw Data Message Structure ......................330

5.3.11 B-channel Selection in ISDN Protocols .................................................................330 5.3.11.1 B-channel Selection – Outgoing call ......................................................330

5.3.12 Clearing Call Values ..............................................................................................331 5.3.12.1 NetCause Clearing Code Values ...........................................................331 5.3.12.2 RetCause Clearing Code Values ...........................................................334

5.3.13 ISDN Service Message ..........................................................................................334 5.3.13.1 Function acISDNServiceRequest() ........................................................334 5.3.13.2 Event acEV_ISDN_SERVICE_CHANGE ...............................................334 5.3.13.3 Restrictions .............................................................................................334

5.3.14 Graceful Lock in ISDN US Variants .......................................................................335 5.3.15 COLP/COLR Supplementary Service ....................................................................335

5.3.15.1 Using COLP/COLR ................................................................................335 5.3.15.2 Structure COLP/COLR ...........................................................................336 5.3.15.3 Activating Structure COLP/COLR ..........................................................336

5.3.16 ISDN User-to-User IE Implementation ..................................................................336 5.3.16.1 How to Send the UUI IE .........................................................................336 5.3.16.2 How to Receive the UUI IE.....................................................................337 5.3.16.3 UUI IE Examples ....................................................................................337



5.3.17 ISDN Set Additional IE ...........................................................................................337 5.3.17.1 Examples ................................................................................................338

5.3.18 ISDN Supplementary Services ..............................................................................338 5.3.18.1 Supplementary Services and ISDN Variants .........................................339 5.3.18.2 AudioCodes' ISDN Supplementary Services Implementation ...............343

5.3.19 T310 Timer in ISDN Variants .................................................................................346 5.4 CAS .................................................................................................................... 347

5.4.1 General Description ...............................................................................................347 5.4.2 CAS Trunk Parameters ..........................................................................................350

5.5 SS7 Functionality & Configuration ...................................................................... 352 5.5.1 SS7 Network Elements ..........................................................................................352

5.5.1.1 SS7 M2UA - SG Side .............................................................................353 5.5.1.2 SS7 M2UA – Media Gateway Controller Side........................................354 5.5.1.3 SS7 MTP3 Node ....................................................................................355 5.5.1.4 SS7 MTP2 Tunneling .............................................................................356 5.5.1.5 SS7 - MTP3 Shared Point Code (SN Redundancy) - Overview ............357 5.5.1.6 SS7 Alias Point Code .............................................................................358 5.5.1.7 Configuration Options .............................................................................358

5.5.2 SS7 Parameters ....................................................................................................359 5.5.2.1 SS7 ini File Global Parameters ..............................................................359 5.5.2.2 SS7 ini File Table Parameters ...............................................................361 5.5.2.3 Other Dependencies in ini File: ..............................................................375 5.5.2.4 SS7 Constraints .....................................................................................375 5.5.2.5 SIGTRAN Constraints ............................................................................376

5.5.3 Examples of SS7 ini File Configurations ...............................................................376 5.5.3.1 SS7 M2UA - SG Side ini File Example ..................................................376 5.5.3.2 SS7 M2UA - Media Gateway Controller Side ini File Example ..............379 5.5.3.3 SS7 MTP3 Node ini File Example ..........................................................381 5.5.3.4 SS7 MTP2 Tunneling ini File Example ...................................................384 5.5.3.5 SS7 MTP3 Shared Point Code ini File Example ....................................385 5.5.3.6 SS7 Alias Point Code ini File Example ..................................................388

5.5.4 SS7 Tunneling Feature ..........................................................................................390 5.5.4.1 Description .............................................................................................390 5.5.4.2 MTP2 Tunneling Technology .................................................................392 5.5.4.3 SS7 Tunneling Application Characteristics ............................................392

5.5.5 IUA/DUA ................................................................................................................393 5.5.5.1 IUA (ISDN User Adaptation) ..................................................................393 5.5.5.2 DUA (DPNSS User Adaptation) .............................................................395 5.5.5.3 PSTN Behavior in an IP Disconnect Condition ......................................397 5.5.5.4 DASS2 Support in DUA ..........................................................................397

5.5.6 M3UA Routing Context ..........................................................................................398 5.5.6.1 Routing Context Static Configuration .....................................................398 5.5.6.2 Routing Context Dynamic Configuration ................................................398

5.5.7 SS7 MTP3 Shared Point Code (SN Redundancy) ................................................399 5.5.7.1 General Architecture ..............................................................................399 5.5.7.2 SS7 MTP3 Shared Point Code (SN Redundancy) Mode Architecture ..399 5.5.7.3 X-Connection: Traffic Diversion Policy ...................................................400 5.5.7.4 Events Policy ..........................................................................................400

5.5.8 Configuration of SS7 MTP3 Shared Point-Code (SN Redundancy) .....................401 5.5.8.1 INI File Global Parameters .....................................................................401

5.6 PSTN Physical Interfaces ................................................................................... 403 5.6.1 E1 ...........................................................................................................................403 5.6.2 T1 ...........................................................................................................................404 5.6.3 J1 ...........................................................................................................................404 5.6.4 BRI .........................................................................................................................404 5.6.5 T3 ...........................................................................................................................404 5.6.6 Optical OC3 and STM1 Interfaces .........................................................................405



5.6.6.1 STM-1 Interface ......................................................................................405 5.6.6.2 OC-3 Interface ........................................................................................406 5.6.6.3 SDH/SONET APS Configuration ............................................................407 5.6.6.4 Trunk Numbering Schemes....................................................................407

5.7 PSTN Low-Layer Applications ............................................................................ 413 5.7.1 Clock Management ................................................................................................413

5.7.1.1 Devices with E1/T1 External interfaces ..................................................413 5.7.1.2 Device with DS3 External Interfaces ......................................................415 5.7.1.3 Devices with STM1/OC3 Interfaces .......................................................416

5.7.2 Alarms ....................................................................................................................416 5.7.2.1 E1 / DS1 Alarms .....................................................................................417 5.7.2.2 DS3 Alarms ............................................................................................418 5.7.2.3 STM-1/OC-3 Alarms ...............................................................................418 5.7.2.4 BRI Alarms .............................................................................................419

5.7.3 Performance Monitoring ........................................................................................420 5.7.3.1 E1/DS1 Performance Monitoring ...........................................................420 5.7.3.2 DS3 Performance Monitoring .................................................................422 5.7.3.3 STM1/OC3 Performance Monitoring ......................................................423

5.7.4 Automatic Protection Switch ..................................................................................425 5.7.4.1 APS Common Description......................................................................425 5.7.4.2 1+1 Architecture .....................................................................................426 5.7.4.3 APS Modes Supported by the Device (PSTN Interface) ........................426 5.7.4.4 APS Events and Queries........................................................................427 5.7.4.5 acSdhQueryApsStatus Query ................................................................427

5.7.5 Trunks Maintenance ..............................................................................................428 5.7.5.1 Management Functions ..........................................................................428

5.8 Tracing PSTN Protocol Messages ...................................................................... 431 5.8.1 Tracing ISDN Protocols .........................................................................................431 5.8.2 Tracing SS7 Protocol Messages ...........................................................................431 5.8.3 Tracing CAS Protocols ..........................................................................................432 5.8.4 Collect and Read the PSTN Trace via Wireshark .................................................433 5.8.5 PSTN Trace Utilities ..............................................................................................433

5.9 Call Flows ........................................................................................................... 435 5.9.1 PSTN Protocol Implementation Example ..............................................................435

5.9.1.1 Outgoing Calls ........................................................................................435 5.9.1.2 Incoming Calls ........................................................................................435 5.9.1.3 Release Procedure .................................................................................436

5.9.2 ISDN Call Setup and Tear-down Diagrams ...........................................................436 5.9.2.1 Outgoing Calls (En-Bloc Sending Mode) ...............................................436 5.9.2.2 Incoming Calls ........................................................................................439 5.9.2.3 Call Clearing ...........................................................................................441

5.9.3 CAS Call Setup and Call Tear-down Diagrams .....................................................442 5.9.3.1 Outgoing Calls (Block Sending Mode) ...................................................442 5.9.3.2 Call Clearing ...........................................................................................445

5.10 Overview of V5.2 ................................................................................................ 446 5.10.1 Protocol Architecture .............................................................................................446 5.10.2 PSTN Protocol .......................................................................................................447 5.10.3 Control Protocol .....................................................................................................447 5.10.4 BCC Protocol .........................................................................................................447 5.10.5 Protection Protocol ................................................................................................447 5.10.6 Link Control Protocol .............................................................................................448 5.10.7 Standards Conformance ........................................................................................448

6 V5.2 Access Gateway ...................................................................................... 449 6.1.1 Overview of the V5.2 Access Gateway .................................................................449

6.1.1.1 General ...................................................................................................449 6.1.1.2 About the AudioCodes Product ..............................................................449 6.1.1.3 About the V5.2 Protocol .........................................................................450



6.1.1.4 About the MEGACO/H.248 Protocol ......................................................450 6.1.2 General Features ...................................................................................................451

6.2 Principles ............................................................................................................ 452 6.2.1.1 Blade Configuration ................................................................................452

6.2.2 V5.2 Interface Activation/Deactivation ...................................................................452 6.2.3 Protection Switch-Over ..........................................................................................453

6.2.3.1 Protection Switch-Over ...........................................................................453 6.2.4 Link-Id Check .........................................................................................................453 6.2.5 Blocking/Unblocking a V5.2 Link ...........................................................................454 6.2.6 Blocking/Unblocking a PSTN User Port ................................................................454 6.2.7 Starting and Stopping a V5.2 Interface ..................................................................454

6.3 Redundancy ....................................................................................................... 455 6.4 Configuration ...................................................................................................... 456

6.4.1.1 Configuration Tables, Files and Parameters ..........................................456 6.4.2 PSTN User Ports ...................................................................................................457

6.4.2.1 General ...................................................................................................457 6.4.2.2 Configuration File Creation.....................................................................457 6.4.2.3 User Ports Configuration File Download ................................................458 6.4.2.4 Other Configuration Parameters ............................................................460

6.4.3 V5.2 ini File Configuration......................................................................................460 6.4.3.1 INI File Example .....................................................................................460

6.4.4 Configuration Constraints ......................................................................................461 6.5 EMS V5.2 Commands ........................................................................................ 462

6.5.1 Commands Applicable at V5.2 Interface Level .....................................................462 6.5.2 Commands Applicable at Link Level .....................................................................463 6.5.3 Gateway Maintenance Actions ..............................................................................464

6.5.3.1 Force Lock ..............................................................................................464 6.5.3.2 Graceful Lock .........................................................................................464 6.5.3.3 UnLock ...................................................................................................464

6.5.4 CLI Commands ......................................................................................................464 6.5.5 V5.2 H.248 Solution ...............................................................................................466

6.5.5.1 Termination Naming ...............................................................................466 6.5.5.2 Mapping V5 Protocol to H.248 ...............................................................467 6.5.5.3 Permanent Off-hook Indication ..............................................................474 6.5.5.4 Configuring Register-Recall Duration Type in the Access Network (AN) 474

6.5.6 Call Flow Examples ...............................................................................................475 6.5.6.1 Incoming Call ..........................................................................................475 6.5.6.2 Outgoing Call ..........................................................................................476 6.5.6.3 Call Disconnected by Access Network (AN) ..........................................477 6.5.6.4 Call Disconnected before On-Hook by AN .............................................478 6.5.6.5 Port Control ............................................................................................479 6.5.6.6 Interface Control .....................................................................................480

7 Standard Control Protocols ........................................................................... 481 7.1 MGCP Control Protocol ...................................................................................... 481

7.1.1 MGCP Overview ....................................................................................................481 7.1.2 MGCP Operation ...................................................................................................481

7.1.2.1 Executing MGCP Commands ................................................................481 7.1.2.2 MGCP Call Agent Configuration ............................................................481

7.1.3 MGCP Endpoints Names.......................................................................................484 7.1.4 MGCP KeepAlive Mechanism ...............................................................................485 7.1.5 MGCP Piggy-Back Feature ...................................................................................485 7.1.6 Device Distinctive Ringing Mechanism ..................................................................485 7.1.7 SDP Support in MGCP ..........................................................................................486 7.1.8 IPv6 Support for Media ..........................................................................................486



7.1.8.1 RFC 3407 Support - Capability Declaration ...........................................488 7.1.8.2 RFC 3264 Offer-Answer Model Support ................................................489

7.1.9 MGCP Fax .............................................................................................................491 7.1.9.1 MGCP Fax Configuration .......................................................................491

7.1.10 Fax Transport Type Setting with Local Connection Options .................................498 7.1.10.1 Fax Attributes .........................................................................................498 7.1.10.2 Fax Version and Max Bit Rate Negotiation ............................................498 7.1.10.3 Display Fax Port on Second M Line .......................................................500

7.1.11 Voice Band Data (VBD) for MGCP ........................................................................500 7.1.11.1 SDP Usage .............................................................................................500 7.1.11.2 LCO Usage: ............................................................................................501

7.1.12 MGCP Profiling ......................................................................................................503 7.1.13 TGCP Compatibility ...............................................................................................503 7.1.14 TDM Hairpin ...........................................................................................................504

7.1.14.1 TDM Hairpin By Using “Z2” ....................................................................504 7.1.14.2 TDM Hairpin By Using NT:LOCAL .........................................................504

7.1.15 AMR Policy Management ......................................................................................506 7.1.16 Creating Conference Calls.....................................................................................509

7.1.16.1 Creating a Conference Call ....................................................................509 7.1.16.2 Searching for the “Free Endpoint” Algorithm..........................................509 7.1.16.3 Adding an RTP Conference User ...........................................................510 7.1.16.4 Adding a TDM Conference User ............................................................510 7.1.16.5 Conference Restrictions .........................................................................510 7.1.16.6 Conference Configuration ......................................................................510 7.1.16.7 Examples of Creating a Conference ......................................................511

7.1.17 CALEA (Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act) .........................513 7.1.18 RTP Media Encryption - RFC 3711 Secure RTP ..................................................513

7.1.18.1 Supported Suites ....................................................................................514 7.1.18.2 Supported Session Parameters .............................................................514 7.1.18.3 Configuration and Activation ..................................................................515 7.1.18.4 SRTP Local Connection Option Format .................................................515 7.1.18.5 SDP Definition ........................................................................................515 7.1.18.6 Secured Connection Negotiation ...........................................................516

7.1.19 MGCP Coder Negotiation ......................................................................................521 7.1.19.1 General Background ..............................................................................521 7.1.19.2 MGCP Coder Negotiation (RFC 3435) ...................................................521 7.1.19.3 Coder Negotiation Configurations ..........................................................522 7.1.19.4 Mapping of Payload Numbers to Coders ...............................................522

7.1.20 Supported MGCP Packages .................................................................................524 7.1.20.1 Field Descriptions ...................................................................................524 7.1.20.2 Generic Media Package - G ...................................................................524 7.1.20.3 DTMF Package - D .................................................................................524 7.1.20.4 Line Package - L ....................................................................................525 7.1.20.5 Handset Emulation Package - H ............................................................527 7.1.20.6 Trunk Package - T ..................................................................................528 7.1.20.7 PacketCable (NCS) Line Package - L ....................................................528 7.1.20.8 Announcement Package - A ..................................................................529 7.1.20.9 RTP Package - R ...................................................................................529 7.1.20.10 CAS Packages .......................................................................................531 7.1.20.11 ISUP Trunk Package - IT .......................................................................532 7.1.20.12 Media Format Parameter Package - FM ................................................533 7.1.20.13 Fax Package Definition - FXR ................................................................533 7.1.20.14 Conference Package - CNF ...................................................................534 7.1.20.15 Extended Line Package - XL ..................................................................534 7.1.20.16 V5 Package Definition X-v5 ...................................................................534 7.1.20.17 Base Audio Package - BAU ...................................................................535 7.1.20.18 Signal List Package - SL ........................................................................535 7.1.20.19 NCS V5 SCN Line Package - E (Applicable to MediaPack only)...........536

7.1.21 Compression Coders .............................................................................................536 7.1.22 Connection Statistics (CDR) ..................................................................................539



7.1.23 Disabling the Delete Connection Functionality from the Gateway Side ................540 7.1.24 RTCP Extended Reports (RTCP-XR) VoIP Metrics Data .....................................540 7.1.25 Controlling Jitter Buffer Settings with MGCP .........................................................543 7.1.26 DigitMap Special Handling.....................................................................................544

7.1.26.1 DigitMap Prefix .......................................................................................544 7.1.26.2 Notification for Digitmap Mismatch .........................................................544

7.1.27 Digest Authentication .............................................................................................544 7.1.27.1 Overview.................................................................................................545 7.1.27.2 Digest Authentication Sample ................................................................545 7.1.27.3 Other Methods of Authentication ............................................................546

7.1.28 RSIP Restart Method Usage .................................................................................546 7.1.29 MGCP Compliance ................................................................................................546

7.2 MEGACO (Media Gateway Control) Protocol ..................................................... 560 7.2.1 MEGACO Overview ...............................................................................................560 7.2.2 Gateway Operation ................................................................................................560

7.2.2.1 Executing MEGACO Commands ...........................................................562 7.2.2.2 KeepAlive Notifications From the Gateway ............................................563 7.2.2.3 Loss of H.248 Connectivity.....................................................................563 7.2.2.4 Setting MEGACO Call Agent IP Address and Port ................................564 7.2.2.5 Authorization Check of Call Agent IP Addresses ...................................564 7.2.2.6 “Light” Virtual Media Gateway ................................................................564 7.2.2.7 Transport over SCTP .............................................................................564 7.2.2.8 Support of DiffServ Capabilities .............................................................565 7.2.2.9 Overload Report .....................................................................................565 7.2.2.10 Handling Events .....................................................................................567 7.2.2.11 Playing Signals .......................................................................................567 7.2.2.12 Support Profiling .....................................................................................569 7.2.2.13 Termination Naming ...............................................................................570 7.2.2.14 Version Negotiation ................................................................................572 7.2.2.15 Management Commands .......................................................................575 7.2.2.16 Call Detail Report (CDR) ........................................................................576

7.2.3 Feature Operation ..................................................................................................578 7.2.3.1 Call Progress Tone Signals ....................................................................578 7.2.3.2 Announcement Signals ..........................................................................581 7.2.3.3 Digits Collection Support ........................................................................582 7.2.3.4 Reporting Fax Events .............................................................................583 7.2.3.5 Reporting Media Failure .........................................................................583 7.2.3.6 Media Path QoS Support .......................................................................585 7.2.3.7 Supporting Network Address and Port Translation ................................585 7.2.3.8 Media IP Address Allocations ................................................................585

7.2.4 Media Operation ....................................................................................................589 7.2.4.1 SDP Support in MEGACO......................................................................589 7.2.4.2 SDP Coder Negotiation Rules ................................................................590 7.2.4.3 SDP Support Profiling ............................................................................590 7.2.4.4 RFC 2833 Support .................................................................................591 7.2.4.5 Silence Suppression Support .................................................................592 7.2.4.6 Under-Specified Local Descriptor ..........................................................593 7.2.4.7 Support of Asymmetric Tx/Rx Payloads .................................................593 7.2.4.8 RFC 3407 Support – Simple Capabilities ...............................................594 7.2.4.9 Fax T.38 and Voice Band Data Support (Bypass Mode) .......................596 7.2.4.10 V.152 - VBD Attribute Support ...............................................................599 7.2.4.11 Fax and Modem Operation Recommendation .......................................601 7.2.4.12 Media Encryption (SRTP) using RFC 3711 ...........................................603 7.2.4.13 Support of RFC 3264 .............................................................................610 7.2.4.14 IPv6 Support for Media Streams ............................................................610 7.2.4.15 EVRC Family Coders .............................................................................612 7.2.4.16 AMR Coders ...........................................................................................613 7.2.4.17 AMR Coders Rate Change.....................................................................613



7.2.4.18 Microsoft RTA coders .............................................................................613 7.2.4.19 Mapping Payload Numbers to Coders ...................................................614 7.2.4.20 RTCP-XR support (H.248.30) ................................................................616

7.2.5 Call Types and Connection Model .........................................................................617 7.2.5.1 CAS Calls Support .................................................................................617 7.2.5.2 TDM Hairpinning ....................................................................................624 7.2.5.3 Conferencing ..........................................................................................624 7.2.5.4 Interactive Voice Response (IVR) ..........................................................626 7.2.5.5 Test Trunk Support .................................................................................631 7.2.5.6 IP-to-IP Interworking Support .................................................................635 7.2.5.7 Narrow Band IP Interface Support on IMS System ................................638 7.2.5.8 Lawful Interception Support ...................................................................642 7.2.5.9 Push-to-Talk over Cellular (PoC) Media Server .....................................645 7.2.5.10 Garbage Collection .................................................................................653

7.2.6 Compliance ............................................................................................................654 7.2.6.1 Supported Packages ..............................................................................654 7.2.6.2 Compliance Matrix ..................................................................................664 7.2.6.3 Proprietary Packages .............................................................................675

7.2.7 Solutions ................................................................................................................688 7.2.7.1 VoIP Trunk Gateway (TGW) ..................................................................688 7.2.7.2 Advanced Media Server (AMS) ..............................................................688 7.2.7.3 Border Gateway Function (BGF) ............................................................689 7.2.7.4 Access Gateway .....................................................................................689 7.2.7.5 High Definition Gateway .........................................................................690

8 Using Voice Streaming ................................................................................... 691 8.1 Voice Streaming Features .................................................................................. 691

8.1.1 Supported File Formats .........................................................................................691 8.1.2 Basic Streaming Play .............................................................................................691

8.1.2.1 Play from Offset ......................................................................................691 8.1.3 Working with Remote File Systems .......................................................................691 8.1.4 Using Proprietary Scripts .......................................................................................691 8.1.5 Combining HTTP and NFS Play / Record .............................................................691 8.1.6 Supporting Dynamic HTTP URLs ..........................................................................692 8.1.7 Play LBR Audio File ...............................................................................................693 8.1.8 Basic Record .........................................................................................................693 8.1.9 Remove DTMF Digits at End of Recording ...........................................................693 8.1.10 Record Files Using LBR ........................................................................................693 8.1.11 Basic Record .........................................................................................................693 8.1.12 Play file Under Construction ..................................................................................693

8.2 Dynamic Caching Mechanism ............................................................................ 694 8.3 Using File Coders with Different Channel Coders ............................................... 695

8.3.1 Playing a File to TDM/IP ........................................................................................695 8.3.2 Recording a file from IP/TDM (only NFS supported) .............................................696

8.4 Maximum Concurrent Playing and Recording ..................................................... 698 8.5 Supporting LBR Coders ...................................................................................... 698 8.6 Basic Voice Streaming Configuration ................................................................. 699 8.7 HTTP Recording Configuration ........................................................................... 700 8.8 NFS Configuration via *.ini File ........................................................................... 701 8.9 Supporting HTTP Servers................................................................................... 702

8.9.1 Tuning the Apache Server .....................................................................................702 8.10 Supporting NFS Servers ..................................................................................... 703

8.10.1 Solaris-based NFS Servers ...................................................................................703 8.10.2 Linux-based NFS Servers......................................................................................704

8.11 Common Problems and Solutions ...................................................................... 705 8.11.1 General Voice Streaming Problems ......................................................................705



8.11.2 HTTP Voice Streaming Problems ..........................................................................705 8.11.3 NFS Voice Streaming Problems ............................................................................705

9 Security ............................................................................................................ 707 9.1 IKE and IPSec .................................................................................................... 708

9.1.1 IKE (ISAKMP) ........................................................................................................708 9.1.2 IPSec .....................................................................................................................709 9.1.3 Configuring IKE and IPSec ....................................................................................710

9.1.3.1 Peer Configuration .................................................................................710 9.1.3.2 Proposal Configuration ...........................................................................713 9.1.3.3 IKE and IPSec Configuration Table’s Confidentiality .............................714

9.1.4 Dead Peer Detection (DPD) - RFC 3706...............................................................714 9.2 Secure Shell ....................................................................................................... 715 9.3 SSL/TLS ............................................................................................................. 717

9.3.1 Web Server Configuration .....................................................................................717 9.3.2 Using the Secure Web Server ...............................................................................717 9.3.3 Secure Telnet ........................................................................................................718 9.3.4 Server Certificate Replacement .............................................................................719 9.3.5 Using Self-Signed Certificates ...............................................................................720 9.3.6 Client Certificates ...................................................................................................720 9.3.7 Certificate Revocation Checking ...........................................................................721 9.3.8 Certificate Chains ..................................................................................................722

9.4 RADIUS Support ................................................................................................ 723 9.4.1 Setting Up a RADIUS Server .................................................................................723 9.4.2 Configuring RADIUS Support ................................................................................724

9.5 Internal Firewall .................................................................................................. 727 9.6 Network Port Usage ........................................................................................... 730 9.7 Media Security .................................................................................................... 732

9.7.1 Packet Cable Security ...........................................................................................732 9.7.2 Secure RTP ...........................................................................................................732

9.8 Recommended Practices.................................................................................... 733 9.9 Legal Notice ....................................................................................................... 733

10 Auxiliary Files .................................................................................................. 735 10.1 Call Progress Tone and User-Defined Tone Auxiliary Files ................................ 735

10.1.1 Format of the Call Progress Tones Section in the Auxiliary Source File ...............735 10.1.2 Format of the User Defined Tones Section ...........................................................738 10.1.3 Format of the Distinctive Ringing Section ..............................................................739

10.1.3.1 Default Template for Call Progress Tones .............................................739 10.1.4 Default Template for Distinctive Ringing Patterns .................................................743 10.1.5 Modifying the Call Progress Tones File .................................................................746 10.1.6 Modifying the Call Progress Tones File & Distinctive Ringing File (MediaPack only)747 10.1.7 Modifying the Call Progress Tone .........................................................................747 10.1.8 Converting a Modified CPT ini File to a dat File with the Download Conversion Utility 748

10.2 Playing the Prerecorded Tones (PRT) Auxiliary File ........................................... 749 10.2.1 PRT File Configuration ..........................................................................................749 10.2.2 Downloading the PRT dat File ...............................................................................749

10.3 Downloading the dat File to a Device ................................................................. 750 10.4 Coder Table File ................................................................................................. 752

10.4.1 Coder Aliases ........................................................................................................753 10.4.2 Coder Support Level ..............................................................................................755 10.4.3 Converting a Modified CoderTable ini File to a dat File Using DConvert Utility ....755 10.4.4 Default Coder Table (Tbl) ini file ............................................................................755



10.5 Dial Plan File ...................................................................................................... 757 10.6 Channel Associated Signaling (CAS) Functions ................................................. 759

10.6.1 Constructing a CAS Protocol Table .......................................................................759 10.6.2 Table Elements ......................................................................................................759

10.6.2.1 INIT variables .........................................................................................759 10.6.2.2 Actions ....................................................................................................760 10.6.2.3 Functions ................................................................................................760 10.6.2.4 States .....................................................................................................760

10.6.3 Reserved Words ....................................................................................................763 10.6.4 State’s Line Structure ............................................................................................763 10.6.5 Action/Event ...........................................................................................................763

10.6.5.1 User Command Oriented Action/Event ..................................................763 10.6.5.2 Timer Oriented Events ...........................................................................764 10.6.5.3 Counter Oriented Events ........................................................................765 10.6.5.4 IBS Oriented Events ...............................................................................765 10.6.5.5 DTMF/MF Oriented Events ....................................................................765 10.6.5.6 Operator Service Events (up to GR-506) ...............................................768

10.6.6 Function .................................................................................................................769 10.6.7 Parameters ............................................................................................................769 10.6.8 Next State ..............................................................................................................773 10.6.9 Changing the Script File ........................................................................................773

10.6.9.1 MFC R2 Protocol ....................................................................................773 10.6.10 Changing Default Parameter Values of CAS File (State Machine) .......................776

11 RTP/RTCP Payload Types .............................................................................. 779 11.1 Payload Types Defined in RFC 3551 .................................................................. 779 11.2 Payload Types Not Defined in RFC 3551 ........................................................... 780 11.3 Default Dynamic Payload Types which are Not Voice Coders ............................ 781 11.4 Default RTP/RTCP/T.38 Port Allocation ............................................................. 781

12 DTMF, Fax & Modem Transport Modes ......................................................... 783 12.1 DTMF/MF Relay Settings ................................................................................... 783 12.2 Fax/Modem Settings ........................................................................................... 783 12.3 Configuring Fax Relay Mode .............................................................................. 783 12.4 Configuring Fax/Modem ByPass Mode............................................................... 784 12.5 Configuring Fax/Modem Bypass NSE mode ....................................................... 784 12.6 Supporting V.34 Faxes ....................................................................................... 785

12.6.1 Using Bypass Mechanism for V.34 Fax Transmission ..........................................785 12.6.2 Using Events Only Mechanism for V.34 Fax Transmission ..................................785 12.6.3 Using Relay Mode for Various Fax Machines (T.30 and V.34) .............................786

12.6.3.1 Real V.34 Fax Transmission ..................................................................786 12.6.3.2 Fallback from V.34 fax to T.30 ...............................................................786

13 Utilities ............................................................................................................. 787 13.1 API Demonstration Utility .................................................................................... 787 13.2 TrunkPack Downloadable Conversion Utility ...................................................... 787

13.2.1 Process Call Progress Tones File(s) .....................................................................789 13.2.2 Process Voice Prompts File(s) ..............................................................................790 13.2.3 Process CAS Tables ..............................................................................................793 13.2.4 Process Prerecorded Tones File(s) .......................................................................796 13.2.5 Process Encoded/Decoded ini File(s) ...................................................................798 13.2.6 Process Coder Description File(s) .........................................................................799 13.2.7 Process Dial Plan File(s) .......................................................................................800 13.2.8 Process Coder Table File(s) ..................................................................................801

13.3 WinDriver Utilities ............................................................................................... 803



13.4 Call Progress Tones Wizard (MediaPack Only) .................................................. 804 13.4.1 About this Software ................................................................................................804 13.4.2 Installation ..............................................................................................................804 13.4.3 Initial Settings ........................................................................................................805 13.4.4 Recording Dialog – Automatic Mode .....................................................................806 13.4.5 Recording Dialog – Manual Mode .........................................................................808 13.4.6 The Call Progress Tone ini and dat Files ..............................................................809

14 Diagnostics & Troubleshooting ..................................................................... 811 14.1 Diagnostics Overview ......................................................................................... 811 14.2 Syslog ................................................................................................................ 811

14.2.1 Operating the Syslog Server .................................................................................812 14.2.1.1 Sending Syslog Messages .....................................................................812 14.2.1.2 Setting the Syslog Server IP Address and Port .....................................812 14.2.1.3 Setting the Syslog Facility Level ............................................................813 14.2.1.4 Activating the Syslog Client ....................................................................813

14.3 Web Interface's 'Message Log' (Integral Syslog) ................................................ 814 14.4 Control Protocol Reports .................................................................................... 814

14.4.1 TPNCP Error Report ..............................................................................................814 14.4.2 MGCP/MEGACO Error Conditions ........................................................................814 14.4.3 SNMP Traps ..........................................................................................................814

14.5 Solutions to Possible Problems .......................................................................... 815 14.5.1 Solutions to Possible Common Problems .............................................................815 14.5.2 Solutions to Possible Voice Problems ...................................................................817

15 List of Abbreviations ....................................................................................... 831 16 Index ................................................................................................................. 835



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Product Reference Manual Notices

Notice This Product Reference Manual provides an extremely comprehensive description of MGCP and MEGACO Network Control Protocols and their compliance. Information contained in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable at the time of printing. However, due to ongoing product improvements and revisions, AudioCodes cannot guarantee accuracy of printed material after the Date Published nor can it accept responsibility for errors or omissions. Updates to this document and other documents as well as software files can be viewed by registered customers at http://www.audiocodes.com/downloads.

© 2015 AudioCodes Inc. All rights reserved This document is subject to change without notice.

Date Published: December 6, 2015

Trademarks AudioCodes, AC, HD VoIP, HD VoIP Sounds Better, IPmedia, Mediant, MediaPack, What’s Inside Matters, OSN, SmartTAP, VMAS, VoIPerfect, VoIPerfectHD, Your Gateway To VoIP, 3GX, VocaNOM and CloudBond 365 are trademarks or registered trademarks of AudioCodes Limited All other products or trademarks are property of their respective owners. Product specifications are subject to change without notice.

WEEE EU Directive Pursuant to the WEEE EU Directive, electronic and electrical waste must not be disposed of with unsorted waste. Please contact your local recycling authority for disposal of this product.

Customer Support Customer technical support and services are provided by AudioCodes or by an authorized AudioCodes Service Partner. For more information on how to buy technical support for AudioCodes products and for contact information, please visit our Web site at www.audiocodes.com/support.

Related Documentation The documentation package contains the following publications, available on the AudioCodes Web site: MGCP MEGACO Product Reference Manual (this manual) - provides an extremely

comprehensive description of MGCP and MEGACO Network Control Protocols and their compliance.

User’s Manual contains the Product overview; software package, startup and initialization; Web GUI-based management; Diagnostics and Product Specification.

MEGACO Release Notes - describes for each new version the various new features and functionality, issues from the previous version that have been solved, and known constraints of this new software version.

http://www.audiocodes.com/downloadshttp://www.audiocodes.com/support



Document Revision Record

LTRT Description

77008 Initial document release for Version 6.6.

77009 Updated Note in Section 5.5 – SS7 is not applicable to Mediant 3000.

Documentation Feedback AudioCodes continually strives to produce high quality documentation. If you have any comments (suggestions or errors) regarding this document, please fill out the mentation Feedback form on our Web site at http://www.audiocodes.com/downloads

http://www.audiocodes.com/downloads


Product Reference Manual 1. Introduction

1 Introduction This Product Reference Manual provides you with supplementary information on the total range of AudioCodes Voice-over-IP (VoIP) Media Gateways and Media Servers, supporting MGCP or MEGACO Network Control Protocols (NCP). For ease of reading, the Series of products are referred to collectively as devices, or individually as a device. The information within this Product Reference Manual is complementary to the information provided by the device's User's Manual and includes, for example, detailed descriptions on various supported features, AudioCodes proprietary applications, advanced configuration methods, and so on. This manual relates to the following AudioCodes VoIP devices: Mediant 3000 Series:

• Media Gateway series: ♦ Mediant 3000 gateway hosting a single or dual (High Availability) TP-8410

blade • Media Server series:

♦ IPmedia 3000 media server hosting a single or dual (High Availability) IPM-6310 blade

Mediant 2000 Series: • Media Gateway series:

♦ Mediant 2000 gateway hosting a single TP-1610 cPCI blade Mediant 1000 Media Gateway

• Analog media gateways • Digital media gateways

Note: For information on which devices are supported in this software version and how to fully configure any device, please refer to the device's User's Manual and Release Notes.



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Product Reference Manual 2. System Initialization Process

2 System Initialization Process This section describes the Initialization Procedures and Configuration Options for the Mediant 3000 System. It includes: Startup Process (see below) Configuration Parameters and Files (refer to 'Configuration Parameters and Files' on

page 21) BootP/DHCP (refer to 'Using BootP/DHCP' on page 31) Software Upgrade High Availability Aspects

2.1 Configuration Parameters and Files The device's configuration is stored in two file groups. The Initialization file - an initialization (ini) text file containing configuration parameters

of the device. The Auxiliary files - dat files containing the raw data used for various tasks such as

Call Progress Tones, Voice Prompts, logo image, etc. These files contain factory-pre-configured parameter defaults when supplied with the device and are stored in the device's non-volatile memory. The device is started up initially with this default configuration. Subsequently, these files can be modified and reloaded using either of the following methods: BootP/TFTP during the startup process (refer to ''Using BootP/DHCP'' on page 31). Web Interface (refer to Configuration Using the Web Interface). Automatic Update facility (refer to 'Automatic Update Facility' on page 26). The modified auxiliary files are burned into the non-volatile memory so that the modified configuration is utilized with subsequent resets. The configuration file is always stored on the non-volatile memory. There is no need to repeatedly reload the modified files after reset.

Notes:

• Users who configure the device with the Web interface do not require ini files to be downloaded and have no need to utilize a TFTP server.

• SNMP users configure the device via SNMP. Therefore a very small ini file is required which contains the IP address for the SNMP traps.



2.1.1 Initialization (ini) File The ini file name must not include hyphens or spaces. Use underscores instead. The ini file can contain a number of parameters. The ini file structure supports the following parameter value constructs: Parameter = Value (refer to 'Parameter = Value Constructs'). The lists of parameters

are provided in the ini File Parameters chapter of the Product Reference Manual.

Table (refer to 'Table Structure' on page 24). The lists of parameters are provided in Table Parameters.

The example below shows a sample of the general structure of the ini file for both the Parameter = Value and Tables of Parameter Value Constructs. [Sub Section Name] Parameter_Name = Parameter_Value Parameter_Name = Parameter_Value . .. ; REMARK [Sub Section Name] ... ; Tables Format Rules: [Table_Name] ; Fields declaration Format Index_Name_1 ... Index_Name_N = Param_Name_1 ... Param_Name_M ; Table's Lines (repeat for each line) Table_Name Index_1_val ... Index_N_val = Param_Val_1 ... Param_Val_M [\Table_Name]


Product Reference Manual 2. System Initialization Process

2.1.1.1 Parameter Value Structure The following are the rules in the ini File structure for individual ini file parameters (Parameter = Value): Lines beginning with a semi-colon ';' (as the first character) are ignored. A carriage-return/line-feed must be the final character of each line. The number of spaces before and after "=" is not relevant. If there is a syntax error in the parameter name, the value is ignored. Syntax errors in the parameter value field can cause unexpected errors (because

parameters may be set to the incorrect values). Sub-section names are optional. String parameters, representing file names, for example,

CallProgressTonesFileName, must be placed between two inverted commas ('…'). The parameter name is NOT case sensitive; the parameter value is usually case

sensitive. Numeric parameter values should be entered only in decimal format. The ini file should be ended with one or more empty lines.

ini File Examples The example below shows a sample ini file for MGCP. [TDM BUS configuration] ; 1=aLaw 3=ulaw PCMLawSelect = 1 BaseUDPPort = 4000 [Trunk Configuration] ;E1_trans_31 ProtocolType = 5 ; USER_TERMINATION_SIDE TerminationSide = 0 ; EXTENDED_SUPER_FRAME FramingMethod = 0 ;HDB3 LineCode = 2 [MGCP] EndpointName = 'ACgw' CallAgentIP = 10.1.2.34 [Channel Pa

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