mgnarega 2 con

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MGNREGA IN JAMMU AND KASHMIR : AN OVERVIEW

Dr. Darakhshan Anjum, Assistant Professor

[email protected]

School of Management Studies,

Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University,

Rajouri - 185131, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Phone No. 09797444158

MGNREGA IN JAMMU AND KASHMIR : AN OVERVIEW1
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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[email protected]



Rajouri - 185131, Jammu and Kashmir, India.Phone No. 09797444158

Abstract

The Jammu and Kashmir Government has initiated a number of poverty alleviation schemes

to mitigate rural as well as urban poverty, which are being implemented in the State with full financial

and technical support of the Centre Government. These Schemes serve the dual purpose of Poverty

alleviation as well as employment generation. National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme

(NREGS), Swaran Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY), Indira Awas Yojana (IAY), Drought

Prone Area Programme (DPAP) and Desert Development Programme (DDP) are under the scheme of

Rural Poverty alleviation. Under the Urban Poverty Alleviation Scheme are Swarna Jayanti Shahri

Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY), Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme (IHSDP) / Valmiki

Ambedkar Awas Yojana (VAMBAY), Basic Services to Urban Poor Projects (BUSP), Jawahar Lal

Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM). NREGS has been launched in Jammu and

Kashmir from February, 2006 initially in three districts. The scheme has been further extended to two

more districts from April, 2007. At present, this scheme is being implemented in all the districts of the

State. This paper provides a complete look about employment generated, number of households issued

job cards, total availability of funds, and total expenditure in the State Jammu and Kashmir. And

suggest suitable measures to overcome the problems.

Keywords : Employment, Guarantee, Jammu and Kashmir, National, Rural.

MGNREGA IN JAMMU AND KASHMIR : AN OVERVIEW

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[email protected]



Rajouri - 185131, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Phone No. 09797444158

INTRODUCTION

THE NATIONAL RURAL EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE ACT, 2005.

An Act to provide for the enhancement of livelihood security of the households in rural

areas of the country by providing at least one hundred days of guaranteed wage employment in

every financial year to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual

work and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.

OBJECTIVE OF THE ACT

The objective of the Act is to enhance livelihood security in rural areas by providing at least

100 days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year to every household whose adult members

volunteer to do unskilled manual work.

GOALS OF NREGA

Strong social safety net for the vulnerable groups by providing a fall-back employment

source, when other employment alternatives are scarce or inadequate

Growth engine for sustainable development of an agricultural economy. Through

the process of providing employment on works that address causes of chronic

poverty such as drought, deforestation and soil erosion, the Act seeks to strengthen

the natural resource base of rural livelihood and create durable assets in rural areas.

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Effectively implemented, NREGA has the potential to transform the geography

of poverty.

Empowerment of rural poor through the processes of a rights-based Law.

New ways of doing business, as a model of governance reform anchored on the

principles of transparency and grass root democracy.

COVERAGE

The Act was notified in 200 districts in the first phase with effect from February 2nd2006 and

then extended to additional 130 districts in the financial year 2007-2008 (113 districts were notified

with effect from April 1st 2007, and 17 districts in UP were notified with effect from May 15th 2007).

The remaining districts have been notified under the NREGA with effect from April 1,

2008. Thus NREGA covers the entire country with the exception of districts that have a hundred

percent urban population.

USE OF MAHATMA GANDHI NREGA WITH NEW LOGO

Ministry of Rural Development has amended the title of NREGA to Mahatma Gandhi National

Rural Employment Act and has revised the logo in conformity with the amendment of the title.

JAMMU AND KASHMIR

Jammu and Kashmir is an important tourist destination and has been a

place of attraction for tourist since centuries. The lush green forests, sweet

springs, perennial rivers, picturesque alpine scenery and pleasant climate of

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Kashmir valley the paradise on earth has remained an internationally acclaimed

tourist destination, whereas Jammu region the land of temples is attracting a

large number of pilgrim tourist and the important destination has been Shri Mata

Vaishno Devi Shrine. Ladakh region, the moon land has been a much sought -

after destination, especially for the foreign tourists and is famous for adventure

tourism. The tourism tag has placed always the state of J&K in the limelight at

the national level as well as at the international level.

Geographical Scenario of Jammu and Kashmir

The State of Jammu & Kashmir is situated in the extreme north of India and is

bounded by china in the north and east, by Afghanistan in the north-west, by Pakistan in the west and

by the States of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh in the south.

The State of Jammu & Kashmir can be divided into three regions i.e

i) Ladakh ii) Kashmir Valley and iii) Jammu.

There were fourteen districts in J&K at the time of 1981 Census and their number

remained the same even in 2001 census. Census could not be conducted in 1991 due to disturbed

conditions prevailing in the State. The State of Jammu & Kashmir has 14 district, 59 sub- Districts

(Tahsils), 121 CD Blocks, 6,652 villages and 75 towns (of which 72 are statutory and 3 census towns).

The state covers an area of 222, 236.0 Km2.

According to the census 2001, the total population of Jammu & Kashmir state is 10,143,700

which is 0.99 percent of the total population of the country. Out of this population 5,360,926 are male

and 4,782,774 females.

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Source: GOI, Census of India, Map Profile 2001, P. 5

MGNREGA IN JAMMU AND KASHMIR

This flagship scheme has been launched in Jammu and Kashmir from

February, 2006 initially in three districts namely Doda, Kupwara and Poonch. The

scheme has been further extended to two more districts viz Anantnag and

Jammu and from April, 2007. At present, this scheme is being implemented in all

the districts of the State.

Table No. 1

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Phase wise Scheme in Districts of Jammu and Kashmir

S. No. Districts

1 DODA

2 KUPWARA

3 POONCH

Total Phase I

4 ANANTNAG

5 JAMMU

Total Phase II

6 BADGAM

7 BANDIPORA

8 BARAMULLA

9 GANDERWAL

10 KARGIL

11 KATHUA

12 KISHTWAR

13 KULGAM

14 LEH (LADAKH)

15 PULWAMA

16 RAJAURI

17 RAMBAN

18 REASI

19 SAMBA

20 SHOPIAN

21 SRINAGAR

22 UDHAMPUR

Total Phase III

Source: www.nrega.nic.in

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http://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=DODA&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1409&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=KUPWARA&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1401&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=POONCH&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1411&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=ANANTNAG&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1406&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=JAMMU&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1413&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=BADGAM&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1404&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=BANDIPORA&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1419&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=BARAMULLA&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1402&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=GANDERWAL&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1420&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=KARGIL&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1408&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=KATHUA&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1414&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=KISHTWAR&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1415&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=KULGAM&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1421&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=LEH%20(LADAKH)&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1407&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=PULWAMA&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1405&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=RAJAURI&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1412&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=RAMBAN&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1416&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=REASI&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1417&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=SAMBA&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1418&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=SHOPIAN&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1422&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=SRINAGAR&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1403&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=UDHAMPUR&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1410&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=DODA&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1409&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=KUPWARA&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1401&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=POONCH&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1411&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=ANANTNAG&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1406&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=JAMMU&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1413&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=BADGAM&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1404&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=BANDIPORA&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1419&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=BARAMULLA&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1402&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=GANDERWAL&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1420&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=KARGIL&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1408&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=KATHUA&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1414&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=KISHTWAR&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1415&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=KULGAM&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1421&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=LEH%20(LADAKH)&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1407&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=PULWAMA&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1405&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=RAJAURI&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1412&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=RAMBAN&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1416&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=REASI&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1417&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=SAMBA&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1418&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=SHOPIAN&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1422&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=SRINAGAR&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1403&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latesthttp://nregalndc.nic.in/netnrega/Mpr_ht/employeementstatus_mpr.aspx?lflag=eng&district_name=UDHAMPUR&state_name=JAMMU%20AND%20KASHMIR&district_code=1410&fin_year=2010-2011&page=D&month=Latest


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Objectives of the study:

The focus of the study is on the following objectives:

1. To review the employment generated in Jammu and Kashmir.

2. To review the number of households issued job cards in Jammu and Kashmir.

3. To review the total availability of funds in Jammu and Kashmir.

4. To identify the problems and suggest suitable measures to overcome the problems.

Methodology Adopted:

Significant part of the study depends on secondary sources. But information has also been

obtained from primary sources which include interviews, comments, observations, opinion, notes,

etc. of the persons concerned. The primary information was also gathered through discussion with

persons in Social Welfare Department, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, J&K. Materials for

the present study were collected form the published records available in the library of BGSB

University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, various Economic Survey, Planning Commission, Govt. of

India, Digest of Statistics 2007-08, Govt. of India, India 2010, Statistical Abstract 2007, magazines,

journals and periodicals, have also been gone through to derive information pertaining to the present

study.

Limitations of the Study:

Nothing is perfect so is this study. The present study suffers from certain limitations. The study is

based on the information from secondary source which reduce the degree of reliability. However,

attempt has been made to collect maximum information from the official record of Department in

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general and J&K in particular on the various aspects of the study. Most of the departments neither

publish the information nor do they allow the outsiders an access to their records, internal working

etc. On the pretext of maintaining secrecy. This restricts the data availability. It was difficult to collect

all the necessary data from grass root level.

The main features of the MGNREGA are as follows.

Every household in rural India will have a right to at least 100 days of guaranteed employment

every year for at least one adult member. The employment will be in the form of casual

manual labour at the statutory minimum wage, and the wages shall be paid within 7 days of

the week during which work was done.

Work should be provided within 15 days of demanding it, and the work should be located

within 5 kilometer distance.

If work is not provided to anybody within the given time, he/she will be paid a daily

unemployment allowance, which will be at least one-third of the minimum wages.

Workers employed on public works will be entitled to medical treatment and hospitalization

in case of injury at work, alone with a daily allowance of not less than half of the statutory

minimum wage. In case of death or disability of a worker, and ex gratia payment shall be

made to his legal heirs as per provisions of the Workmen Compensation Act.

Five percent of wages may be deducted as contribution to welfare schemes like health

insurance, accident insurance, survivor benefits, maternity benefits and social security

schemes.

For non-compliance with rules, strict penalties have bee laid down.

For transparency and accountability, all accounts and records of the programme will be made

available for public scrutiny.

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The District Collector/Chief Executive Office will be responsible for the programme at the

district level.

The gram sabha will monitor the work of the gram panchayat by way of social audit.

Role of State Government :

The main features to the included in the Programme are :

Only productive works that are based on economic, social and environmental benefits,

contributing to social equity, and have the ability to create permanent assets will be taken up

under the Programme.

The works shall be located in rural areas.

When wages are directly linked with the quantity of work, the shall be paid according to the

schedule of rate fixed by the State Government. For unskilled labourers, this schedule shall be

fixed that seven hours of work shall fetch wages equal to the statutory minimum wage fixed

by the state.

Thus, the main objective of this scheme is to provide 100 days of guaranteed unskilled wage

employment to each rural household opting for it.

PROGRESS UNDER MAHATMA GANDHI NATIONAL RURAL

EMPLOYMENT GRARANTEE SCHEME IN JAMMU AND KASHMIR

Employment Generated in Jammu and Kashmir:

During 2005-06 an employment generated under the MGNREGA was 2.33 lacs and it reached to

79.25 lacks in the year 2008-09.

Table No. 2

Employment Generated in Jammu and Kashmir

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Year Employment Generated

2005-06 2.33 lacs

2006-07 32.89 lacs

2007-08 55.37 lacs

2008-09 79.25 lacs

2009-10

Ending Nov.

61.18 lacs

Source : Govt. of Jammu and Kashmir, Economic Survey, DES, J&K, p 382.

Number of Households Issued Job Cards in the State of Jammu and Kashmir:

Under the scheme MGNREGA number of households issued job cards from 2005-06 to 2009-

10 ending November are shown in the table no. 3

Table No. 3

No. of Household Issued Job Cards in Jammu and Kashmir

Year No. of Household Issued Job Cards

2005-06 25000

2006-07 179133

2007-08 281842

2008-09 298022

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2009-10

Ending Nov.

579222

Source : Govt. of Jammu and Kashmir, Economic Survey, Directorate of EconomicsAnd Statistics, J&K, p 382.

Total Availability of Funds and Total Expenditure in Jammu and Kashmir:

The financial outlay during 2006-07 was Rs. 41.54 crore (87%), out of which Rs.36.70 crore had

been spent. 179133 numbers of household were issued job cards and 32.89 lakh persondays were

generated.

Table No. 4

Total Availability of Funds and Total Expenditure in Jammu and Kashmir

(Rs. in Crores)

Year Total Availability

of Funds

Total Expenditure Expenditure

%age

2005-06 9.02 1.69 19

2006-07 41.54 36.70 87

2007-08 92.79 65.26 71

2008-09 146.52 86.89 59

2009-10 140.92 68.36 49

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Ending

Nov.

Source : Govt. of Jammu and Kashmir, Directorate of Economics & Statistics, p 382.

During 2007-08 an outlay of Rs. 92.79 crore under the scheme was allocated, out of which Rs.

65.26 crore (71%) had been spent. 281842 numbers of households were issued job cards thereby

generating 55.37 lakh persondays. The financial outlay during 2008-09 was Rs. 146.52 crore, out of

which Rs. 86.89 crore (59%) had been spent. 498022 numbers of household were issued job cards and

79.25 lakh mandays were generated. During 2009-10 an outlay of Rs. 140.92 crore under the

MGNREGS was allocated, out of which Rs. 68.36 crore (49%) had been spent by the end of

November. 579222 numbers of household were issued job cards thereby generating 61.18 lakh

persondays employment.

Suggestion :

The MGNREGA also promises to provide temporary relief like its predecessor the

Maharashtra EGS, but the basic need is to develop Haemopoietic System which increases the

vitality of the economy and thus its capacity to generate bloods (employment). It is this self-

sustaining kind of investment that can take us to the goal of full employment along with the goal of

removal of poverty.

The second issue concerns 100 days of employment. It should provide employment till worker

wants. Limit of 100 days employment should be removed.

The third issue pertains to one member of the households. It should not be limited to one

member of the household. This limit create conflicts among the family members in the state of Jammu

and Kashmir.

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With the help of this scheme the administrative hurdles can be overcome quickly in many parts

of Jammu and Kashmir, especially those that have a strong tradition of relief works during land

sliding in rainy season as well as a good potential for labour intensive public works. For instance,

Rajouri, Ramban, Poonch, Udampur. If the guarantee of employment becomes effective in these

districts within a year or two, it will be a major achievement.

Under this scheme corruption is a major danger, issued fake card , manipulation of funds by

contractors are exist in many districts of Jammu and Kashmir. There is no doubt that the Employment

Guarantee Act does provide clauses for transparency and social audit by gram sabhas, but the moot

problem is to ensure that these provisions become effective in plugging leakages.

MGNAREGAs success depend on the quality of implementation. In some parts of Jammu and

Kashmir, this scheme is not properly implemented. Scheme should implement properly in all the

district of J&K. It is very strong Act to provide employment. It can create history to stop migration

from rural to urban areas and create really productive assets in the form of infrastructure like roads,

irrigation, water harvesting works in the State of Jammu and Kashmir.

Conclusion :

MGNREGA is an instrument of economic growth in the State of Jammu and Kashmir and has

contributed a lot in developing the economy, particularly in Poonch and Rajouri. It not only has the

capacity to generate large scale employment opportunities in remote and backward areas but also

provides employment to a large number in the field of roads, irrigation, water harvesting works related

activities in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. Thus MGNREGA is the best way to fight the evil of

unemployment.

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List of Tables :

1. Table No.1: Phase wise Scheme in Districts of Jammu and Kashmir.

2. Table No.2: Employment Generated in Jammu and Kashmir.

3. Table No.3: Number of Household Issued Job Cards in Jammu and Kashmir.

4. Table No.4: Total Availability of Funds and Total Expenditure in Jammu and Kashmir.

Abbreviations and Acronyms

BUSP : Basic Services to Urban Poor Projects.

DDP : Desert Development Programme.

DES : Directorate of Economics and Statistics.

DPAP : Drought Prone Area ProgrammeCurrent.

IAY : Indira Awas Yojana

J & K : Jammu and Kashmir.

MGNREGA : Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act

SGSY : Swaran Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana

SJSRY : Swarna Jayanti Shahri Rozgar Yojana.

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References

1. Govt. of India, Economic Survey 2009-10, Directorate of Economics & Statistics, Jammu and

Kashmir.

2. Census of India, Govt. of India, Map Profile 2001 India States and Union Territories, office of

the Registrar General, Jammu & Kashmir, India.

3. Gazette of India, Extraordinary Part II Section I, New Delhi, Wednesday, September

7,2005/ Bhadra 16, 1927.

4. Statistical Handbook 2008-09, Govt. of Jammu and Kashmir, Planning and Development

Department, Directorate of Economics Statistics, Rajouri, J & K.

5. Govt. of India, Census of India 2001, Final Population Total Urban Agglomerations and

Towns, Jayant Kumar Banthia of the Indian Administrative Service, Registrar General and

Census Commissioner, J&K.

6. Govt. of India, Five Year Plans, Planning Commission, New Delhi.

7. Govt. of India, Ministry of Rural Development, Operational Guidelines 2008, 3rd edition, New

Delhi.

8. Indian Hirway (2004), Providing Employment Guarantee in India : Some Critical Issues,

Economic and Political Weekly, Nov.27, p 5120.

9. Planning Commission, Draft Mid-term Appraisal of the Eight Five Year Plan(1992-97), Sep.

1996, p67.

10. Govt. of the Committee on Unemployment, May, 1973.

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11.Annual Plan 2007-08, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, Planning and Development

Department, Rajouri, J & K.

12.Village Amenity Directory 2008-2009, Government of Jammu and Kashmir District Rajouri, J

& K, India.

13.Prime Minister Employment Generation Prorgramme, Jammu and Kashmir Khandi, Village

Industrial Board, Srinagar.

14.District At A Glance 2008-09, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, DSEO, Rajouri, J&K.

15.Jammu and Kashmir up to date letter news vol. 1 No. 11, August 2010, Published by Ministry

of Home Affairs, Government of India.

16.Economic Review of District Rajouri 2008-09, Planning and Development Department,

Directorates of Economics and Statistics, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, India.

17.Development Journal Janib -i- Manzil, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Planning and

Development Department , Jammu and Kashmir, India.

18.Statistical News Letter, Statistics Day Special, Directorates of Economics and Statistics,

Jammu and Kashmir, India.

19. Prabandh - A Quarterly Journal of Management, Lucknow.

20. Pratiyogita Darpan.

21. The Pioneer.

22. Yojana

Websites:

1. The Financial/ India Express

www.expressindia.com2. The Economic Times

www.economictime.com

3. www.nrega.nic.in

4. www.rural.nic.in

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http://www.expressindia.com/http://www.economictime.com/http://www.nrega.nic.in/http://www.rural/http://www.expressindia.com/http://www.economictime.com/http://www.nrega.nic.in/http://www.rural/


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