mgt 350 guide 1 14) a form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. when engaging in...

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MGT 350 Guide 1 Click Here To Buy The Tutorial 1) Decision opportunities arise when problems or opportunities are recognized through critical thinking. Which of the following components may be a reason that managers ignore problems? A. A lack of intellectual empathy makes it difficult to recognize stakeholder considerations. B. The manager’s sense of urgency toward problems precludes action. C. The manager prefers risk over certainty. D. Some businesses exist in a problem free environment. E. The manager is exercising intellectual courage in the face of resistance to problem solving.

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14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader would A. communicate only that information which supports the desired decision B. acknowledges the difficulty that his or her position creates for the audience C. avoid all affective appeals D. emphasize data and reason over affective appeals E. emphasizes affective appeals over data and reason

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Page 1: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

MGT 350 Guide 1

Click Here To Buy The Tutorial

1) Decision opportunities arise when problems or opportunities are recognized through critical thinking. Which of the following components may be a reason that managers ignore problems?

A. A lack of intellectual empathy makes it difficult to recognize stakeholder considerations.

B. The manager’s sense of urgency toward problems precludes action.

C. The manager prefers risk over certainty.

D. Some businesses exist in a problem free environment.

E. The manager is exercising intellectual courage in the face of resistance to problem solving.

2) Bill Simmons is the manager of a small restaurant and must decide how much money he owes his suppliers. The best way for Bill to approach this as a critical thinker is to

Page 2: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

A. collect and analyze the evidence

B. identify opportunities and obstacles

C. understand different perspectives on the issue

D. weigh the consequences of this decision

3) Decision tools and techniques influence the use of critical thinking in decision making. According to the decision steps model, what is a proper response when an unstructured problem is presented?

A. Implement a decision

B. Measure the impact of a decision

C. Frame the problem

D. Frame alternatives

E. Make the decision

4) When faced with a decision opportunity, a critical thinker must sort through a variety of readily apparent symptoms in order to focus on important considerations that may be hidden. Based on the decision steps model, when framing a problem a helpful step is to

A. determine root causes

B. identify the problem

Page 3: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

C. frame alternatives

D. develop a contingency plan

E. measure the decision

5) Jane has a term paper due, a sick child who needs her attention, and a major project due at work. To save time, she decides to submit a paper for school that is less than her best, but will earn a passing grade. The best description of Jane’s approach is

A. optimizing

B. satisficing

C. creativity

D. analyzing

6) Despite all the measures followed, successful decisions are not always guaranteed so it is important to

A. develop appropriate measurements for the impacts of decisions

B. accept that some decisions will not work and move on to other issues

C. develop contingency plans

D. only allow the most senior leaders to influence decisions

Page 4: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

E. use logical thinking to guarantee a correct outcome

7) Tactics for increasing the diversity of opinion brought to bear on a decision include

A. brainstorming

B. following the chain of command

C. reliance on precedent

D. an autocratic decision process

E. reference to the policy manual

8) Critical thought involves the consideration of diverse perspectives. Advantages of this include

A. quicker decisions for urgent problems

B. decisions that are more narrowly focused

C. the leader maintains tighter control over decisions

D. a decision that accounts for the interests of multiple stakeholders

E. greater security over confidential information

Page 5: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

9) Critical thought involves the consideration of diverse perspectives. Disadvantages of group decision making include

A. increased security of confidential information

B. all of the above are disadvantages of group decision making

C. a process that is more time consuming

D. a decision that accounts for the interests of diverse stakeholders

E. a more autocratic environment

10) Considerations when framing a problem include

A. developing contingency plans

B. measuring the impacts of a decision

C. identifying causes of the problem

D. framing alternative courses of action

E. identification of stakeholders affected by the problem

11) Conflict is a force of influence upon decision making, and may hamper decision implementation if not accounted for in the problem formulation and identification process. Conflict may stem from such factors as

A. personal attributes

Page 6: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

B. a lack of a devil’s advocate

C. groupthink

D. inspirational leadership

E. routine programmed decisions

12) During problem formulation, the decision maker must account for the interests of diverse stakeholders. An important step toward this outcome is the establishment of

A. timelines and resource allocations

B. contingency plans

C. criteria, goals, and objectives

D. measurements for the decision

E. decision Implementation Processes

13) A valid deductive argument may lead to false conclusions if

A. it contains a false premise

B. a valid deductive argument cannot lead to false conclusions

C. it is in improper form

D. it uses the modens ponens argument form

Page 7: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

E. it is composed of multiple syllogisms

14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader would

A. communicate only that information which supports the desired decision

B. acknowledges the difficulty that his or her position creates for the audience

C. avoid all affective appeals

D. emphasize data and reason over affective appeals

E. emphasizes affective appeals over data and reason

15) What is the most comprehensive definition of a problem?

A. Gap between current situation and some future desired state

B. A declining economy resulting in reduced revenues

C. A negative situation that requires action to mitigate damage

D. An increase in the cost of doing business.

E. A positive situation that requires action in order to fully leverage an opportunity.

Page 8: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

16) Problems may become apparent to stakeholders through the use of tools which compare actual results to expected results. An example of such a tool is a

A. Financial report

B. Fishbone diagram

C. Pareto chart

D. Force Field Analysis

E. SWOT analysis

17) An important step toward framing a problem in a manner that is sensitive to relevant stakeholder perspectives is to

A. filter non-financial input from the process

B. use projection when ascribing motivation to others

C. determine who is affected by a problem

D. be sure to remain situated in one’s personal context

E. do not allow public relations concerns to influence decision making

Page 9: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

18) While this decision style offers an opportunity for stakeholder input, it most lessens accountability for decision making.

A. Collaborative/participative

B. Consensus

C. Autocratic

D. Leader decides

E. Democratic

19) Jan is the owner of a retail store, and is evaluating the need for changes to the store’s commission structure for sales personnel. She has decided to exclude the sales personnel affected from the decision making process. Jan is probably seeking to minimize this force of influence on the decision making process.

A. Resource availability

B. Lack of political support

C. Self serving bias

D. Ethical considerations

E. Resistance from external stakeholders

20) Identifying programmed decision opportunities—problems with objectively correct answers, solvable through the use of simple rules, policies, or numerical computations—promises this benefit in terms of decision making.

Page 10: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

A. Greater efficiency

B. Provides senior managers with greater visibility to each routine decision made

C. Provides decision makers with opportunities for creative problem solving

D. Ensures that multiple solutions are applied to common problems in order to find the best one

E. Ensures that problems are dealt with in a unique fashion according to their differences

21) A manager may properly choose to ignore a problem

A. when a Pareto chart has properly clarified the causes of a problem

B. when the costs of doing nothing are less than the cost of addressing the problem

C. when a SWOT analysis indicates an environmental opportunity

D. because of a bias against change

E. when the problem is surfaced through a positive trigger point

22) Managers of Shadow Blinds are contemplating whether to open the company's first international branch in Europe or Asia. A decision tool that would

Page 11: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

facilitate the decision between these two locations by analyzing the relative strength of cross cultural factors is a

A. SPC chart

B. Force Field Analysis

C. Scatter diagram

D. Gantt chart

E. Pareto chart

23) A decision tool that can be helpful in identifying risks to contemplated decisions is

A. a Fishbone diagram

B. a Pareto chart

C. a periodic table

D. a histogram

E. a Force Field Analysis

24) For urgent decisions, this approach may be the most efficient and effective use of the manager’s time when there are other critical competing priorities.

Page 12: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

A. Creation of a task force

B. Satisficing

C. Brainstorming and multi-voting with a team

D. Optimizing

E. Experimenting

25) In the course of developing a SWOT analysis, Bob determines that a large competitor is moving into one of his company’s key service areas. Bob has uncovered

A. a strength

B. a positive trigger point

C. an opportunity

D. a threat

E. a weakness

26) The manager of the Gallery Restaurant noted that the restaurant had experienced a decrease in the number of evening customers. The manager promptly ordered the chef to rewrite the evening menu. Customer feedback later indicated that the problem had not been the menu but poor service from the wait staff. The manager's decision to have the menu revised suggests that she failed to

Page 13: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

A. evaluate the decision and its consequences

B. identify the problem

C. properly diagnose the cause of the problem

D. evaluate the alternatives and consequences

27) The initial step in framing the problem is to ______, and the first step in making the decision is to ______.

A. identify the problem, frame alternatives

B. identify the problem, identify causes of the problem

C. identify the cause of the problem, implement the decision

D. evaluate the decision, determine who is affected

E. select an alternative, identify the problem

28) In response to declining profits, a company decides that it needs to become world class, but is having difficulty developing an implementation plan around the goal of “becoming world class.” Rather than implement this decision, the company would be well advised to return to the ______ step of decision making.

A. evaluate the decision

Page 14: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

B. make the decision

C. determine measurements

D. frame alternatives

E. develop criteria, goals, and objectives

29) Jan has been selected to implement her company’s decision to expand her company’s manufacturing operation into a new location. Six months into this project, the building has been completed, and machinery installed. However, Jan has been unable to secure enough applicants with the technical skills needed to operate this computerized facility. Jan’s implementation plan was most deficient in its consideration of

A. organizational standards

B. resource availability

C. organizational mission

D. technological constraints

E. timeline

30) Freda is in the process of implementing a significant decision. Which of the following considerations should she ignore?

A. Stakeholder resistance to certain options

Page 15: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

B. Measurements of potential tasks

C. Decision alternatives to be framed

D. Timelines to implement the decision

31) Freda is analyzing the prospects for a new gambling casino that her company is considering. In the course of her analysis, Freda has identified potential stakeholder resistance to this venture, in that she has discovered that the areas is very densely populated with houses of worship. She has also discovered a potential source of support for this venture, in that the local government has established tax credits for new businesses in an effort to stimulate employment. Freda is, in all likelihood, developing a

A. Scatter diagram

B. ROI analysis

C. financial proforma income statement

D. Force Field Analysis

E. resource allocation survey

32) Resistance to change during implementation could be a result of

A. The manager’s decision to allow discussion of both internal and external stakeholder concerns, which introduced conflicting objectives into the problem formulation and identification process

Page 16: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

B. sensitivity to the needs of external stakeholders

C. a decision that has been delayed by a lengthy collaborative/participative decision making style

D. a problem statement that is not representative of relevant stakeholder interests

33) The assignment of different tasks to different people or groups is an important part of a(n)

A. statistical process control chart

B. benchmarking project

C. Force Field Analysis

D. implementation plan

E. strategic plan

34) Bill is an automotive mechanic, paid on the basis of the repair dollars that he generates for his employer. A customer has informed Bill that he believes he needs major repair work to his automobile. Upon examination of the car, Bill discovers that an inexpensive adjustment is all that is needed. He knows that if he informs the customer of this, he will miss out on the substantial commission he would earn by performing the work that the customer already expects. The compensation structure employed by Bill’s garage has created the ethical dilemma of

Page 17: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

A. impartial third party mediator

B. proper allocation of resources

C. a conflict of interest

D. the good of the individual vs the good of society

E. joint and several liability dilemma

35) Susan has the opportunity to choose among several options, including going along with her coworkers and filling out inaccurate time records, telling her manager what is happening, attempting to persuade her coworkers to stop doing this, or, doing nothing. This is an example of

A. a situation that is not a problem

B. an ethical issue

C. a time when Susan should ignore the problem

D. a moral rights issue

36) A situation, problem, or opportunity in which an individual must choose among several actions that must be evaluated as morally right or wrong is called

A. a personal issue

Page 18: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

B. an ethical issue

C. business ethics

D. morale issue

37) A measurement that identifies the degree to which goals and objectives are obtained is a measure of

A. organizational fluctuation

B. organizational efficiency

C. organizational precision

D. organizational effectiveness

E. organizational stability

38) In order to develop meaningful measurements to guide decision implementation and evaluation, it is important to develop ______ when framing a problem.

A. a thorough SWOT analysis

B. specific task responsibilities for each member of the team

C. specific criteria, goals and objectives

D. multiple alternative courses of action

E. relevant job descriptions

Page 19: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

39) The best way to ensure that a “balanced scorecard” is used to evaluate the success of a decision is to

A. ensure that the finance department develops the list of measurements to be applied

B. compare actual financial results to budgeted amounts

C. gather and compile regular feedback from internal and external stakeholders

D. monitor resource usage

E. monitor the company’s stock price

40) When evaluating the decision processes in an organization, leaders should consider doing which of the following?

A. Make sure the process is sufficiently autocratic.Make sure the process is sufficiently autocratic.Make sure the process is sufficiently autocratic.

B. Ensure that the process is consistent for all significant decisions.

C. Make sure to focus on results of the decision rather than the process.

D. Make a list of those affected by the decision, and determine if those interests are represented in the process under consideration.

Page 20: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader

E. Ensure that all of a company’s stakeholders provide input all of a company’s decisions.

41) In order to apply continuous improvement in decision making, a company should take the time to record not only the results of its decisions, but also the

A. impact to employees

B. impact to external stakeholders

C. customer satisfaction data

D. financial results

E. process through which the decision was made

42) As noted in our texts, a key measurement of our decisions is: “are they ethical.” In order to achieve a superior level of ethical behavior in its decision making processes, leaders should instill a(n) ______ in those charged with making decisions.

A. utilitarian approach to ethical considerations

B. compliance based approach to ethical considerations

C. legal approach to ethical considerations

D. integrity based approach to ethical considerations

Page 21: Mgt 350 guide 1 14) A form of critical thinking is fair-minded persuasive thinking. When engaging in problem formulation and identification with a group, the fair minded persuader