mhd modeling support for hmihmi.stanford.edu/teammeetings/sep_2009/presentations/linker_hm… ·...

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Jon A. Linker Predictive Science, Inc. (PSI) 9990 Mesa Rim Rd, Suite 170 San Diego, CA 92121, USA MHD Modeling Support for HMI http://www.predsci.com Collaborators at PSI: Pete Riley, Janvier Wijaya, Zoran Mikic, Roberto Lionello, Slava Titov Students: Michael Choy (UCSD), Timofey Titov (UCB)

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Page 1: MHD Modeling Support for HMIhmi.stanford.edu/TeamMeetings/Sep_2009/presentations/Linker_HM… · Heliospheric Model Choices: Enlil (default) MAS Cone Model CME Observational Validation

Jon A. LinkerPredictive Science, Inc. (PSI)9990 Mesa Rim Rd, Suite 170San Diego, CA 92121, USA

MHD Modeling Support for HMI

http://www.predsci.com

Collaborators at PSI:Pete Riley, Janvier Wijaya, Zoran Mikic, Roberto Lionello, Slava Titov

Students: Michael Choy (UCSD), Timofey Titov (UCB)

Page 2: MHD Modeling Support for HMIhmi.stanford.edu/TeamMeetings/Sep_2009/presentations/Linker_HM… · Heliospheric Model Choices: Enlil (default) MAS Cone Model CME Observational Validation

Introduction• Understanding the connections between the solar surface,

corona and solar wind underlie many of the key unsolved questions in solar physics

• SDO, in conjunction with other heliophysics missions, will sample diverse regions, both in parameter space and real space

• Coronal/Solar Wind models are required to synthesize these measurements into a coherent picture

• Coronal MHD models have now reached the point where they can be computed routinely

• Computing solutions “automatically” presents many challenges:• Sacrifices made in model fidelity for robustness• We are still experimenting and learning how to do this

Page 3: MHD Modeling Support for HMIhmi.stanford.edu/TeamMeetings/Sep_2009/presentations/Linker_HM… · Heliospheric Model Choices: Enlil (default) MAS Cone Model CME Observational Validation

Introduction (continued)

• Desired capabilities of coronal models:• Use photospheric magnetic maps (& perhaps other data) as input • Predict magnetic structure and topology• Predict solar wind structure (e.g fast wind streams)• Understand background through which CMEs propagate• Provide magnetic connection of SEPs to the Sun• Provide Alfven speed in and structure of active regions

• History:• Potential field models (PFSS, PFCS, WSA)• Polytropic MHD models• “Thermodynamic” MHD models

• We have developed “CORHEL” (Corona-Heliosphere), a modular coronal and solar wind model that includes WSA, MAS (coronal MHD), & Enlil (heliospheric MHD)

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Page 4: MHD Modeling Support for HMIhmi.stanford.edu/TeamMeetings/Sep_2009/presentations/Linker_HM… · Heliospheric Model Choices: Enlil (default) MAS Cone Model CME Observational Validation

CORHEL• Supported by CISM (an NSF STC) and LWS Strategic Capabilities

(NASA, NSF, & AFOSR)• Institutions & People (Strategic Capabilities):

• PSI (J. Linker, R. Lionello, Z. Mikic, P. Riley, V. Titov, J. Wijaya) • AFRL (N. Arge, C. Henney)• Lockheed-Martin (K. Schrijver)• NSO (J. Harvey)• Stanford (T. Hoeksema, Y. Liu)• U. of Colorado/NOAA SWPC (D. Odstrcil)• Informal collaboration with UCLA/Mount Wilson (R. Wilson, L. Bertello)

• CORHEL distributed thus far to CISM, CCMC, & AFRL• CORHEL solutions available to HMI/SDO:

• Runs on Demand (CCMC)• PSI web site (http://www.predsci.com/hmi) (Not really public yet, for HMI

use)

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Page 5: MHD Modeling Support for HMIhmi.stanford.edu/TeamMeetings/Sep_2009/presentations/Linker_HM… · Heliospheric Model Choices: Enlil (default) MAS Cone Model CME Observational Validation

Magnetic Maps: MDI, MWO, NSO/KP, NSO/GONG, NSO/SOLIS, WSO

Coronal

Solution

Observational Validation

(White Light, EUV, X-rays,

coronal holes)

Observational Validation (In Situ

Measurements, STEREO

Heliospheric Imaging)

Radiative Outputs

(EUV, X-Rays)

Smoothing, Flux balance, Pole Fitting

Input

Models

Output

Validation

Vr, Br,

open/closed

Coronal

Solution

White LightEmpirical

prescription

Empirical

prescription

Heliospheric Model Choices:

MASEnlil (default)

Cone Model

CME

Observational Validation

(Coronal Holes)

Coronal Model Choices:

WSAMHD (MAS)

(Polytropic)

MHD (MAS)

(Thermodynamic)

CORHEL: Present Status

Page 6: MHD Modeling Support for HMIhmi.stanford.edu/TeamMeetings/Sep_2009/presentations/Linker_HM… · Heliospheric Model Choices: Enlil (default) MAS Cone Model CME Observational Validation

Polytropic MHD Models• MHD models with simple energy physics can

describe coronal structure qualitatively:• Streamer boundaries, coronal holes• Location of HCS

• They don’t describe quantitatively:• Temperature• Density in active regions (too low) or coronal holes (too

high)• Solar wind properties

• An empirical prescription is required to obtain realistic solar wind speeds

Field Lines (MHD Model)

White Light (MHD Model)

Eclipse Image taken in Chile,Nov. 1994 (HAO)

Open Field Lines (MHD Model)

EIT FeXII 195Å Image EIT FeXV 284Å Image

Page 7: MHD Modeling Support for HMIhmi.stanford.edu/TeamMeetings/Sep_2009/presentations/Linker_HM… · Heliospheric Model Choices: Enlil (default) MAS Cone Model CME Observational Validation

Magnetic Maps: MDI, MWO, NSO/KP, NSO/GONG, NSO/SOLIS, WSO

Coronal

Solution

Observational Validation

(White Light, EUV, X-rays,

coronal holes)

Observational Validation (In Situ

Measurements, STEREO

Heliospheric Imaging)

Radiative Outputs

(EUV, X-Rays)

Smoothing, Flux balance, Pole Fitting

Input

Models

Output

Validation

Vr, Br,

open/closed

Coronal

Solution

White LightEmpirical

prescription

Empirical

prescription

Heliospheric Model Choices:

MASEnlil (default)

Cone Model

CME

Observational Validation

(Coronal Holes)

Coronal Model Choices:

WSAMHD (MAS)

(Polytropic)

MHD (MAS)

(Thermodynamic)

CORHEL: Present Status

Page 8: MHD Modeling Support for HMIhmi.stanford.edu/TeamMeetings/Sep_2009/presentations/Linker_HM… · Heliospheric Model Choices: Enlil (default) MAS Cone Model CME Observational Validation

Simulated SOHO EIT and Yohkon SXT Emission [Log10DN/s]

Observed Emission on May 11, 1997 near 01:00UT [Log10DN/s]

EIT 284ÅEIT 195ÅEIT 171Å SXT Al-Mg Filter

Simulated SOHO EIT and Yohkon SXT Emission [Log10DN/s]

Observed Emission on May 13, 2005 near 11:36UT [Log10DN/s]

EIT 284ÅEIT 195ÅEIT 171Å SXT Open Filter

Yohkoh SXTNot Operating

Simulated STEREO A EUVI and Hinode XRT Emission [Log10DN/s]

Observed Emission on July 19, 2008 near 15:00UT [Log10DN/s]

EUVI 284ÅEUVI 195ÅEUVI 171Å XRT Al-Mesh Filter

0-1 1 210 2 3 10 2 3 10 2 3

2008/07/19 05:50UT

2008/07/19 13:06UT2008/07/19 13:06UT2008/07/19 15:00UT2008/07/19 15:00UT

Simulated SOHO EIT and Yohkon SXT Emission [Log10DN/s]

Observed Emission on September 20, 2007 near 13:00UT [Log10DN/s]

EIT 284ÅEIT 195ÅEIT 171Å XRT Al-Mesh Filter

0-1 1 210 2 3 10 2 3 10 2 3

Comparison of Simulated and Observed Emission:4 Time Periods

Page 9: MHD Modeling Support for HMIhmi.stanford.edu/TeamMeetings/Sep_2009/presentations/Linker_HM… · Heliospheric Model Choices: Enlil (default) MAS Cone Model CME Observational Validation

Quantitative Emission Comparison: August 1996

Lionello, Linker, Mikic, ApJ 2009, 690, p. 902

Page 10: MHD Modeling Support for HMIhmi.stanford.edu/TeamMeetings/Sep_2009/presentations/Linker_HM… · Heliospheric Model Choices: Enlil (default) MAS Cone Model CME Observational Validation

Heliospheric MHD Solutions

• Can use either Enlil (developed by Dusan Odstrcil) or MAS• Input from either WSA or MAS coronal solutions

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Radial Velocity

WSA Coronal and MAS Helio solutions MAS Coronal and MAS Helio solutions

Page 11: MHD Modeling Support for HMIhmi.stanford.edu/TeamMeetings/Sep_2009/presentations/Linker_HM… · Heliospheric Model Choices: Enlil (default) MAS Cone Model CME Observational Validation

We have good rotations .....

1892 1893 1894

CME

Whole Sun MonthFast Latitude Scan

Riley et al. 2001

Spee

d (k

m/s)

Den

sity

(cm

-3)

Tem

pera

ture

(K)

B r (n

T)

Page 12: MHD Modeling Support for HMIhmi.stanford.edu/TeamMeetings/Sep_2009/presentations/Linker_HM… · Heliospheric Model Choices: Enlil (default) MAS Cone Model CME Observational Validation

• Different Observatories yield different solutions (all with problems)• Polarity prediction is reasonable from all of the observatories

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And not-so-good rotations .....

Page 13: MHD Modeling Support for HMIhmi.stanford.edu/TeamMeetings/Sep_2009/presentations/Linker_HM… · Heliospheric Model Choices: Enlil (default) MAS Cone Model CME Observational Validation

(a)

July 2July 7 June 27 July 16 July 11 July 7July 20

Longitude

Latitude

180°60°0° 240° 300° 360°120°

90°N

-90°S

60°

-60°

30°

-30°

WLCM EL

20

10

0-10

-20

Br [

Gauss

]

Radial Magnetic Field

(b)

Longitude

WLCM EL

180°60°0° 240° 300° 360°120°

90°N

-90°S

60°

-60°

30°

-30°

Latitude

Simulated Coronal Holes

August 1, 2008 Solar Eclipse

Coronal Simulation:Carrington Rotations

2071+2072

Page 14: MHD Modeling Support for HMIhmi.stanford.edu/TeamMeetings/Sep_2009/presentations/Linker_HM… · Heliospheric Model Choices: Enlil (default) MAS Cone Model CME Observational Validation

Coronal Structure in High-Resolution Simulations:August 2008 Eclipse

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Page 15: MHD Modeling Support for HMIhmi.stanford.edu/TeamMeetings/Sep_2009/presentations/Linker_HM… · Heliospheric Model Choices: Enlil (default) MAS Cone Model CME Observational Validation

Coronal Structure in High-Resolution Simulations:August 2008 Eclipse

• Log Q reveals detailed structure in coronal field

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Page 16: MHD Modeling Support for HMIhmi.stanford.edu/TeamMeetings/Sep_2009/presentations/Linker_HM… · Heliospheric Model Choices: Enlil (default) MAS Cone Model CME Observational Validation

Coronal Structure in High-Resolution Simulations:August 2008 Eclipse

• Log Q reveals detailed structure in coronal field

• Some of this structure is carried out into the solar wind

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Page 17: MHD Modeling Support for HMIhmi.stanford.edu/TeamMeetings/Sep_2009/presentations/Linker_HM… · Heliospheric Model Choices: Enlil (default) MAS Cone Model CME Observational Validation

Squashing Factor (Q) vs. Height

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Latit

ude

log(Q)LongitudeLongitude

r = 1.0

r = 1.1

r = 1.5

r = 2.0

r = 5.0

r = 10.0

Page 18: MHD Modeling Support for HMIhmi.stanford.edu/TeamMeetings/Sep_2009/presentations/Linker_HM… · Heliospheric Model Choices: Enlil (default) MAS Cone Model CME Observational Validation

• We will provide MHD models of the corona and solar wind for HMI/SDO in 3 ways:• PSI web site: http://www.predsci.com/hmi (Internal HMI use at the

moment)• CORHEL runs on demand at the CCMC: http://ccmc.gsfc.nasa.gov/• Individual time periods of interest (Anyone going to Easter Island

next July 11?

• HMI Predictive Science Web Site:• Low resolution polytropic solutions presently available• Range of standard visualizations• Data is downloadable

• Upcoming Improvements:• Thermodynamic MHD solutions as a standard product• ~2 million grid points• Simulated emission images

Summary

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