micro & macronutrients

7/31/2019 Micro & Macronutrients

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NUTRIENTS

In 19th century B.Jvon Liebig showedthat,

Nutrients areessential for plantlife


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NEED TO USUAGE OF

NUTRIENTS

Main source of successful crop production.

Essential for plant growth.

Some involve in plant metabolism.


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NUTRIENTS

MACRONUTRIENTS MICRONUTRIENTS

(Primary Nutrients and

Secondary Nutrients)

(e.g) B,Cl,Fe etc,(e.g) N,P,K etc,

Based on amount of usuage.

According to 1999 (19th century).


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NUTRIENT ELEMENT

16 nutrient elements

C,H & O not plant

nutrients Macronutrients &

Micronutrients

Macronutrients(primary andSecondary nutrients).
http://www.bghydro.com/BGH/items.asp?Cc=NU&Bc=


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Huge amount needed for plant growth.

Fastly used by the soil.

Very essential for healthy plant growth.
http://www.bghydro.com/BGH/items.asp?Cc=NU&Bc=


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EXAMPLES OF

MACRONUTRIENTS

N-Nitrogen

P-Phosphorous

K-Potassium

Ca-Calcium

Mg-Magnesium S-Sulfur

Si-Silicon
http://popup%28%27/Controls/fertnutrientfunctions.htm',%20'_blank',%20725,%20600,%20'1')


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FUNCTIONS & DEFICIENCIES

(MACRONUTRIENTS)


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FUNCTIONS OF

MACRONUTRIENTS

NITROGEN:

Essential

component ofproteins.

Rapid growth,increase leaf size

& quality.Fruit & Seeddevelopment.


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PHOSPHOROUS

Light energy to chemical

energy Increases disease & drought

resistance

Plant growth , flower / seed

formation


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POTASSIUM

Opening & closing of stomata

Water regulation

Reduces water loss from leavesIncreases drought tolerance


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CALCIUM

Transport of

nutrients

Activation of plant

enzymes

Production of new

growing tips

Elasticity, rigid ,

brittle.


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Important part ofchlorophyll.

Production of ATPthrough its asenzyme cofactor.

Carbohydratemetabolism.


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SULPHUR

Essential manufacturingof chloroplast.

Structure of amino acidsand vitamins.

Increases size & weight

of grain crops.


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SILICON

Deposit in cell wall.

Mechanical properties.

Rigidity and elasticity.


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DEFICIENCIES OF

MACRONUTRIENTS

NITROGEN:

Stunted growth.

Foliage pale green.

Severe cases fired

appearance seen.

Tips turn brown & fall off.


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PHOSPHOROUS

Stunted growth.

Reddish purple leaf

tips & margins.

A leathery texture(dark green leaves).


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POTASSIUM

Necrosis / interveinalchlorosis.

Chlorosis (loss ofgreen colour).

Severe cases, wholeplants turn yellow &

leaves fall off.


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CALCIUM

Stunting

Roots get short &

stubby.Younger leaves first

aborted.

Growing tips die(extreme cases).


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MAGNESIUM

Interveinal chlorosis.

Extreme cases, the entire leafturns yellow.

Prevalent on sandy-texturedsoils (leaching)


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SULPHUR & SILICON

SULPHUR

Stunted growth.

Delayed maturity. Yellowing of plants.

SILICON

Rigidity loses.

Cell wall loses itselasticity.


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MICRONUTRIENTS

Less amount needed for

plant growth.

Slowly used by the soil.

Essential for plant growth.


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MICRONUTRIENTS

Less amount needed

plant growth.

Slowly used by the soil.

Essential for plant

growth.


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EXAMPLES OF

MICRONUTRIENTS

Chlorine (Cl)

Iron (Fe)

Boron (B) Manganese (Mg)

Sodium (Na)

Zinc (Zn)

Copper (Cu)

Nickel (Ni)

Molybdenum (Mo)


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FUNCTIONS OF

MICRONUTRIENTS

CHLORINE

Normal growth.

Necessary for

healthy plant.


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IRON & BORON

IRON BORON Necessary for

photosynthesis.

Enzyme cofactorin plants.

Sugar transport.

Cell division.

Synthesizing certainenzymes.


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MANGANESE & SODIUM

MANGANESE

Necessary for building the

chlorophyll.SODIUM:

Involved in regeneration of

PHOSPHOENOL

PYRUVATE.

Substitute for potassium.
http://www.wolftrax.com/innerpage.aspx?x=4j3U%2fJMLAf9Wz6RgFVQvpG5Jy0I1pwwCD3XrlJp6qRd7XfBtUm72iaQ5bcKUGmLN


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ZINC & COPPER

ZINC DNA

transcription.

Required largenumber of

enzymes.

COPPER Important for

photosynthesis.

Manufacture oflignin ,

Grain production.


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NICKEL

Activation of

urease.

Several enzymesactivated.

Substitute for zinc

& iron as cofactorin enzymes


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MOLYBDENUM

Cofactor to enzymesimportant in building

amino acids. Symbiotic nitrogen

fixation.

Normal growth.


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DEFICIENCIES OF

MICRONUTRIENTS CHLORINE:

Reduced growth.

Interveinalchlorosis.

Stubby roots.


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IRON

Interveinalchlorosis.

Necrosis.

BORON

Necrosis in youngleaves.

Stunting.

Death of growing tips. Flower abortion.


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MANGANESE: Coloration

abnormalities. Interveinal chlorosis. Stunted plants. Reduced yield &

quality.

SODIUM: No regeneration of Phosphoenolpyruvate.


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ZINC : Stunted growth of

leaves. Little leaf Chlorotic leaves Slow growth.

COPPER : Chlorosis. Leaf tip die back.


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Formation of necrotic lesions

No activation of several enzymes.


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Similar to nitrogen.

Whiptail leaves (narrowirregular growth).

Yellow leaves,marginal chlorosis.


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