microbiological reviews · patricia g. spear(1982) meyerj. wolin(1980) exofficio albert balows,...
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Microbiological Reviews
VOLUME 44 0 NUMBER 4 0 DECEMBER 1980
EDITORIAL BOARD
HOWARD V. RICKENBERG, Editor (1984)National Jewish Hospital and Research Center
Denver, Colo.
Giovanna Ferro-Luzzi Ames (1982)Priscilla A. Campbell (1980)Ercole Canale-Parola (1981)Rowland H. Davis (1981)
Neal B. Groman (1982)Philip E. Hartman (1981)Elmer R. Pfefferkorn (1980)Jeanne S. Poindexter (1982)
Barry P. Rosen (1982)David Schlessinger (1981)Patricia G. Spear (1982)Meyer J. Wolin (1980)
EX OFFICIO
Albert Balows, President (1980-1981)Frederick C. Neidhardt, President-Elect (1980-1981)
J. Mehsen Joseph, SecretaryBrinton M. Miller, Treasurer
Gisella Pollock, Acting Managing EditorDavid R. Elwell, Production Editor
1913 1 St. NW, Washington, DC 20006
Microbiological Reviews considers for publication both solicited and unsolicited reviews and mono-graphs dealing with all aspects of microbiology. Manuscripts, proposals, and correspondence regardingeditorial matters should be addressed to the Editor, Dr. Howard V. Rickenberg, Division of Molecularand Cellular Biology, National Jewish Hospital and Research Center, Denver, CO 80206.
Microbiological Reviews (ISSN 0146-0749) is published quarterly (March. June. September. and December). onevolume per year. by the American Society for Microbiology. The nonmember subscription price is $30 per year: themember subscription price is $9 per year. Single issues are $8. Correspondence relating to subscriptions. reprints. defectivecopies. availability of back issues. lost or late proofs. disposition of submitted manuscripts, and general editorial mattersshould be directed to the ASM Publications Office. 1913 1 St.. NW. Washington. DC 20006 (area 202 833-9680).
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ERRATUM
Evaluation of Nitrogen Fixation by Bacteria in Associationwith Roots of Tropical Grasses
P. VAN BERKUM AND B. B. BOHLOOL
U.S. Department ofAgriculture, Science and Education Administration, Agricultural Research, CellCulture and Nitrogen Fixation Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, and Department ofMicrobiology,
University ofHawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
Vol. 44, no. 3, p. 494, column 1, line 40: "acetylene reduction (213). Witty (213)" should read"acetylene reduction (212). Witty (212)."
p. 496, column 2, line 18: "Plant Physiol. 63:S89" should read Plant Physiol. 63:S478."p. 496, column 2, line 46: "rates (175)" should read "rates (187)."p. 498, column 2, line 24: "in grasses (135)" should read "in grasses (136)."p. 498, column 2, line 47: "Azospirillum sp." should read "Azospirillum."p. 499, column 1, line 15: "activity (3, 70, 197, 203)" should read "activity (3, 71, 197, 203)."p. 503, column 2, line 13: "as wel (50, 170)" should read "as wel (50, 169)."p. 503, column 2, line 24: "(50, 170)" should read "(50, 169)."p. 503, column 2, line 32: '.'171)" should read "169)."p. 503, column 2, line 50: "Azospirillum spp. (50,170)" should read "Azospirillum spp. (50,169)."p. 503, column 2, line 54: "Schank et al. (170)" should read "Schank et al. (169)."p. 506, column 1, line 24: "pure culture (194)" should read "pure culture (193)."p. 507, column 1, line 16: "roots (64, 159)" should read "roots (64, 155)."p. 512, reference 72: "Eskew, D. O." should read "Eskew, D. L."p. 513, reference 78: "A. D. Rouira" should read "A. D. Rovira."p. 517, reference 205: "Vitranen" should read "Virtanen."
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AUTHOR INDEX
VOLUMES 40-44
Adhya, S., 40:527Agre, Nina S., 40:469Apperson, April, 44:385Aronson, Arthur I., 40:360Atherly, Alan G., 43:27Aufderheide, Karl J., 44:252
Bachmann, Barbara J., 40:116,44:1
Balch, W. E., 43:260Balish, Edward, 44:660Banerjee, Amiya K., 44:175Barksdale, Lane, 41:217Becker, Andrew, 42:529Becker, Yechiel, 42:274Benzinger, Rolf, 42:194Bia, F. J., 44:468Bibel, David J., 40:633Bizzini, Bernard, 43:224Bohlool, B. B., 44:491Bolin, Rex W., 40:313Botstein, David, 42:385Brill, Winston J., 44:449Brody, Stuart, 40:1Brown, A. D., 40:803
Campbell, Priscilla A., 40:284Canale-Parola, E., 41:181Carithers, Robert P., 43:384Chater, K. F., 44:206Chen, T. H., 40:633Chopra, I., 42:707Clowes, Royston C., 40:168Cocito, C., 43:145Cohen, Stanley N., 40:168Collins, Mike, 42:725Conrad, Robert S., 40:42Coote, J. G., 40:908Cosgrove, William B., 44:140Cremisi, Chantal, 43:297Cummings, Donald J., 40:313Curtiss, Roy, III, 40:168
Dajani, Adnan S., 40:722Daniel, Thomas M., 42:84Datta, Naomi, 40:168Decker, Karl, 41:100De Felice, Maurilio, 43:42Deinema, Maria H., 42:329De Ley, J., 41:1Demain, Arnold L., 41:449,44:230
Dills, Steven S., 44:385Doetsch, Raymond N., 40:259,
40:270, 42:521Doi, Roy H., 41:568
Donaldson, David M., 41:501Douglas, Steven D., 42:592Dow, C. S., 41:754Duckworth, Donna, 40:793Dulbecco, R., 43:443Dworkin, M., 40:276
Echols, Harrison, 42:577El Hafeez, Anees, 40:774
Falkow, Stanley, 40:168Farkas, V., 43:117Ferenci, Thomas, 42:251Fitzgerald, John W., 40:698Fitz-James, Philip, 40:360Fong, C. K. Y., 44:468Foster, John W., 44:83Foster, Kenneth W., 44:572Fox, G. E., 43:260Frankel, Joseph, 44:252Friedman, Robert M., 41:543Fuson, Gayle B., 42:161
Garvie, Ellen I., 44:106Goodnow, Robert A., 44:722Guardiola, John, 43:42Gupta, S. K., 41:822
Haddock, B. A., 41:47Hall, J. E., 42:661Hamada, Shigeyuki, 44:331Hartman, Philip E., 42:471Hastings, J. W., 43:496Henner, Dennis J., 44:57Heywood, Peter, 40:190Hoare, Derek S., 41:419Hoch, James A., 44:57Hofstad, Tor, 43:103Holloway, B. W., 43:73Holt, Patrick G., 41:205Holt, Stanley C., 42:114Hopwood, D. A., 41:595Howe, T. G. B., 42:707Hsiung, G. D., 44:468Huang, Alice S., 41:811
laccarino, Maurizio, 43:42Imsande, John, 42:67
Janicki, Bernard W., 42:84Jann, Barbara, 41:667Jann, Klaus, 41:667Jones, Colin W., 41:47Jungermann, Kurt, 41:100
Kalakoutskii, L. V., 40:469Kaneda, Toshi, 41:391Karl, David M., 44:739Katz, Edward, 41:449Keast, David, 41:205Kim, Kwang-Shin, 41:217Knowles, C. J., 40:652Koerner, James F., 43:199Krieg, Noel R., 40:55Krishnapillai, V., 43:73
Langworth, Barbara F., 41:373Lanyi, Janos K., 42:682Lechevalier, Hubert, 40:241Leisinger, T., 43:422Levinthal, Mark, 43:42Liddell, F. D. K., 42:237Lloyd, Kenneth O., 44:683Lomovskaya, Natalie D., 44:206Low, K. Brooks, 40:116, 44:1
Magee, Paul T., 40:190Maggon, K. K., 41:822Magrum, L. J., 43:260Makela, P. H., 40:591Makoff, A. J., 42:307Margraff, R., 43:422Martin, Juan F., 44:230Massey, Linda K., 40:42Mayer, H., 40:591McGhee, R. Barclay, 44:140Merrick, M. J., 41:595Metzenberg, Robert. L., 43:361Mkrtumian, Norah M., 44:206Moat, Albert G., 44:83Mogensen, S0ren C., 43:1Morgan, A. F., 43:73Morgan, Exeen M., 41:636Mortimer, Robert K., 44:519Mulder, E. G., 42:329Murialdo, Helios, 42:529, 42:577Murray, R. G. E., 40:259
Nealson, K. H., 43:496Nielsen, K. H., 42:661Novick, Richard P., 40:168
Omura, S., 40:6810rskov, Frits, 41:6670rskov, Ida, 41:667
Pastan, Ira, 40:527Patterson, M. Jevitz, 40:774Penn, M., 40:276Perry, Jerome J., 43:59
l1 AUTHOR INDEX
Phaff, H. J., 42:161Piggot, P. J., 40:908Porter, J. R., 40:260Price, C. W., 42:161Priest, Fergus G., 41:711
Quayle, J. Rodney, 42:251
Radford, A., 42:307Raetz, Christian R. H., 42:614Rapp, Fred, 41:636Razin, Shmuel, 42:414Reanney, Darryl C., 40:552Revel, H. R., 40:847Richards, Karen L., 42:592Roberts, Norbert J., Jr., 43:241Rodkey, L. Scott, 44:631Rogers, Thomas J., 44:660Rogolsky, Marvin, 43:320
Saier, Milton H., Jr., 41:856,44:385
Sanderson, Kenneth E., 42:471
Saunders, Venetia A., 42:357Schild, David, 44:519Schmidt, Mary R., 44:385Schmit, Joseph, C., 40:1Schwesinger, Marjorie D., 41:872Seed, J. R., 42:661Sherman, Irwin W., 43:453Silverman, Robert H., 43:27Slade, Hutton D., 44:331Smith, Arnold, 41:419Smith, H., 41:475, 44:303Smyth, Robert D., 44:572Snustad, D. Peter, 43:199Sokatch, John R., 40:42Stanier, Roger Y., 42:2Sugiyama, H., 44:419Susskind, Miriam M., 42:385Sweet, C., 44:303Swings, J., 41:1
Tagg, John R., 40:722Taylor, Austin L., 40:116Tew, John G., 41:501Thauer, Rudolf, 41:100
MICROBIOL. REV.
Tizard, Ian, 42:661Travassos, Luiz R., 44:683
van Berkum, P., 44:491van der Drift, C., 40:403van Veen, W. L., 42:329Venkitasubramanian, T. A.,41:822Vogels, G. D., 40:403
Wannamaker, Lewis W., 40:722Waterbury, John B., 42:2Weinberg, Eugene D., 42:45Whittenbury, R., 41:754Wickner, Reed B., 40:757Williams, Norman E., 44:252Witkin, Evelyn M., 40:869Woese, C. R., 43:260Wolfe, R. S., 43:260Wood, W. B., 40:847
Yoch, Duane C., 43:384
Zeikus, J. G., 41:515
SUBJECT INDEX
VOLUMES 40-44
Acetohydroxy acid synthase isoenzymesE. coli K-12, 43:42
Acholeplasmamembrane fluidity regulation, 42:414
Acholeplasma laidlawiisugar transport, 42:414viruses, 42:414
Acid-fastnessMycobacterium, 41:217
Actinomycetalesreproduction, 40:469
Actinomycetesantibiotic production, 41:595conjugation, 41:595control of sporulation, 40:469development, 40:469differentiation, 40:469life cycles, 40:469recombination, 41:595spore formation, 40:469
Actinorhodinbiosynthesis, 41:595
Additive recombinationbacteria, 41:872
Adenine nucleotidesfungal metabolism, 41:822microbial ecology, 44:739
Adenosine tetraphosphatein eucaryotes, 43:27
Adenosine triphosphatasemycoplasma membrane, 42:414
Adenosine triphosphatase complexesmorphology and location, 41:47proton-translating properties, 41:47purification of F,-ATPase, 41:47
Adenosine 5'-triphosphatebiomass indicator, 44:739
Adenosine triphosphate synthesisthermodynamic efficiency, 41:100
Adenylate cyclaseV. cholerae and enterotoxigenic E. coli, 42:592
Adenylyl sulfate reductasebacterial, 43:384
Adrenal cellseffects of V. cholerae and enterotoxigenic E. coli,42:592
Aerobic bacteriaferredoxin-dependent reactions, 43:384
Aerobic degradationenzymatic steps, 40:403of purines, 40:403
Aerobic soilssulfur cycle, 40:698
Aeromonas salmonicidacarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Aerotaxis
in spirilla, 40:55Aflatoxins
biosynthesis, 41:822African trypanosomes
biologically active products, 42:661Agave sapZymomonas, 41:1
Air pollutioneffects on leukocytes, 41:205
Algaebleaching by virginiamycin family, 43:145
Algae, phototacticlight antennas, 44:572
Algal toxins, 42:725Alpha-toxin
S. aureus, 43:320Amidase systemPseudomonas, 43:73
Amino acid catabolismbranched chain, 40:42enoyl-CoA hydratases, 40:42enzymes common to, 40:42inhibition of growth by, 40:42
Amino acidsantagonism and growth inhibition, 43:42fluorescent pseudomonads, 43:422
Aminocyclitolsbiosynthesis, 41:595
Aminoglycosidesbiosynthesis, 41:595
Amphidinium spp.toxins, 42:725
a-AmylaseBacillus synthesis, 41:711
Anabaena flos-aquaetoxin, 42:725
Anaerobeschemotrophic, 41: 100energy conservation, 41:100
Anaeroplasmasecology, 42:414
AnestheticsAfrician trypanosomes, 42:661
Angiospermscarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Animal cellschromatin replication, 43:297
Animal diseasesF. necrophorum, 41:373
Animals, domesticuse of virginiamycin family, 43:145
Antibiotic biosynthesiscontrol, 44:230
Antibiotic permeationE. coli membrane, 42:614
Antibiotic production
ii
iV SUBJECT INDEX
genetics, 41:595incidence, 41:595physiology, 41:595
Antibiotic resistancemutations that affect sporulation, 40:908Pseudomonas, 43:73
Antibiotics, virginiamycin familyaction, 43:145chemistry, 43:145physics, 43:145
Antibiotic synthetasesrepression and inhibition, 44:230
Antibody productionin absence of antigen stimulation, 44:631
AntigensE. coli, 41:667mycobacteria, 42:84
Antigens, Bacteroidaceaeserological responses, 43:103
Anti-idiotypesimmune response autoregulation, 44:631
Antimicrobial agentstemperature, 43:241
Aphanizomenon flos-aquaetoxin, 42:725
Aquaspirillum, 40:55aro anabolic enzyme aggregateNeurospora, 43:361
Aromaticsmicrobial cooxidation, 43:59
Asexual life cyclein N. crassa, 40:1
Aspergillus flavus subgroupmetabolites, 41:822mutant strains, 41:822
Aspergillus nidulansantibiotic synthesis, 41:595carbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Asporogenous mutants, 40:908Atmosphere
primitive, 42:251Atrophic rhinitis, swine
B. bronchiseptica, 44:722Autoimmune diseases
linkage to measles virus, 41:636Autotrophy
evolutionary aspects, 42:251relation with methylotrophy, 42:251
Avian systemscarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Azospirillumtaxonomy, 44:491
Azospirillum brasilensenitrogenase, 44:491
Azotobacter vinelandiipyridine nucleotide cycle metabolism, 44:83respiratory chain energy conservation, 41:47respiratory protection of nitrogenase, 41:47
Bacillusbacteriocins, 40:722
Bacillus antibiotics
biosynthesis, 41:449, 41:595cell-free synthesis, 41:449enzymatic formation, 41:449functions, 41:449
Bacillus exoenzymesgenetic analysis, 41:711physiological functions, 41:711synthesis, 41:711
Bacillus fatty acidsanalysis, 41:391biosynthesis, 41:391branched-chain preference, 41:391
Bacillus subtiliscarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
chromosome, 44:57phage SPOl development, 41:568sporulation, 41:568
BacitracinsBacillus antibiotic, 41:449
Bacteriacarbohydrate transport, 44:385
Bacterial bioluminescencecontrol, 43:496ecological significance, 43:496
Bacterial cell-free systemsaction of virginiamycin family, 43:145
Bacterial endospore formationgenetic aspects, 40:908
Bacterial infectionexacerbation by influenza virus, 44:303
Bacterial infectionsB cells, 40:284cell-mediated immune mechanisms, 40:284humoral antibodies, 40:284T cells, 40:284
Bacterial plasmidsmolecular rearrangements, 40:168plasmid designations, 40:168plasmid gene abbreviations, 40:168uniform nomenclature for, 40:168
Bacterial respirationATPase complexes, 41:47A. vinelandii, 41:47E. coli, 41:47electron transport chains, 41:47P. denitrificans, 41:47
Bacterial spore coatcoat polypeptides, 40:360layers, 40:360morphogenesis, 40:360outer coat, 40:360structure, 40:360
Bacterial transport mechanismsphosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase,41:856
BacteriochlorophyllRhodospirillaceae, 42:357
Bacteriocinsclassification, 40:722detection, 40:722genetic determinants, 40:722in gram-positive bacteria, 40:722nomenclature, 40:722
MICROBIOL. REV.
VOL. 44, 1980
properties, 40:722Rhodospirillaceae, 42:357S. mutans, 44:331
Bacteriophaged'Herelle's discovery, 40:793E. coli, 42:614Rhodospirillaceae, 42:357spirilla, 40:55S. typhimurium, 42:471Twort's discovery, 40:793
Bacteriophage ADNA-helped E. coli transfection, 42:194DNA insertion, 41:872genome, 42:577head morphogenesis, 42:529polylysogens, 41:872RNA polymerase role in development, 41:568
Bacteriophage 0C31genetics, 44:206
Bacteriophage 4)C43DNA, 44:206
Bacteriophage 4C62DNA, 44:206
Bacteriophage head morphogenesiscomplex double-stranded DNA phages, 42:529
Bacteriophage infection, T-evenhost macromolecular synthesis shutoff, 43:199
Bacteriophage Mumolecular interactions, 41:872
Bacteriophage P22head morphogenesis, 42:529lysogeny, 42:385molecular genetics, 42:385S. typhimurium, 42:471transduction, 42:385virion, 42:385
Bacteriophage PBS1 transductionB. subtilis, 44:57
Bacteriophage Pg8lrestriction, 44:206
Bacteriophage P22-like temperate phagesmodular construction, evolutionary rationale, 42:
385Bacteriophage R4
restriction and modification, 44:206Bacteriophagesattachment sites, 41:872development in procaryotes, 41:568DNA, 41:872integration, 41:872transducing, 41:872
Bacteriophages, Streptomycesgenetics, 44:206molecular biology, 44:206
Bacteriophages, temperateheteroimmune to phage 4C31, 44:206
Bacteriophage SPOlRNA polymerase role in development, 41:568
Bacteriophage T4effect of canavanine on, 40:314genome, 40:847giant bacteriophage, 40:314head length control, 40:314morphogenesis, 40:314
SUBJECT INDEX v
RNA polymerase role in development, 41:568size determination of heads, 40:314
Bacteriophage T7RNA polymerase role in development, 41:568
BacteriorhodopsinH. halobium, 42:682
Bacteroidaceaeserological classification, 43:103
Bacteroidaceae, antigensserological responses, 43:103
B-cell mitogen receptor idiotypesimmune response autoregulation, 44:631
B cellscell-mediated immunity, 40:284in humoral antibody production, 40:284
BeerZymomonas, 41:1
Beta-lysinbiological characteristics, 41:501physical characteristics, 41:501platelet origin, 41:501release from platelets, 41:501
Beta-toxinS. aureus, 43:320
Biochemical geneticsin N. crassa, 40:1
Bioluminescencebacterial, 43:496
Bioluminescence assaysmicrobial ecology, 44:739
Biomedical researchguinea pig viruses, 44:468
Bordetella bronchisepticaclassification, 44:722description, 44:722diseases, 44:722economic effects, 44:722immunity, 44:722
Bordetellosiscanine, 44:722feline, 44:722
Botulismpathogenic forms, 44:419
Branched-chain amino acids, 40:42Branched-chain fatty acids
Bacillus, 41:391Brine shrimp
spirochetes, 42:114Bullfrogcarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,
42:307Butirosin
biosynthesis, 41:595
Canavanineeffect on phage T4, 40:314mechanisms, 40:314
Candida albicansimmunity to, 44:660
Candidiasis, human mucocutaneouscell-mediated immunity, 44:660
Capsular antigensBacteroidaceae, 43:103
Carbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization inpyrimidine biosynthetic pathway
vi SUBJECT INDEX
genetics and biochemistry, 42:307Carbohydrate metabolismautotrophy evolution, 42:251
Carbohydrate transportbacteria, 44:385Plasmodium, 43:453
Carbon catabolite regulationantibiotic biosynthesis, 44:230
Carbon dioxide fixationautotrophy evolution, 42:251
Carbon limitationmicrobial ecology, 44:739
Carcinogen/mutagen detectionS. typhimurium, 42:471
CardiolipinE. coli membrane, 42:614
Cardiolipin synthetaseE. coli membrane, 42:614
CariesS. mutans, 44:331
Carotenoid biosynthesis genesR. capsulata, 42:357
Carotenoid pigmentsspirochetes, 41:181
Cl assimilation sequencesautotrophy evolution, 42:251
Catabolic enzyme mutantsE. coli, 42:614
Catsbordetellosis, 44:722
Caulerpa spp.toxins, 42:725
Cells, animalchromatin replication, 43:297
Cell wall
methanogens, 43:260Cell wall biosynthesis
fungi, 43:117Cephalosporium acremonium
antibiotic synthesis, 41:595Ceratocystis
biochemistry, 44:683ecology, 44:683morphology, 44:683
Ceruleninaction mechanism, 40:681fatty acid synthesis inhibitor, 40:681physicochemical properties, 40:681producing strain, 40:681
Challenge experimentsanalysis, 42:237design, 42:237survival evaluation, 42:237
Cheatomorpha minima toxin, 42:725Chemoheterotrophic spirilla, 40:55Chemotaxis
in spirilla, 40:55Chemotrophic anaerobic bacteria
energy conservation, 41:100energy-consuming process, 41:100energy-providing processes, 41:100hydrogenation reactions, 41:100protonmotive force, 41:100
MICROBIOL. REV.
thermodynamic efficiency of ATP synthesis,41:100
Chitinfungal cell wall, 43:117
Chlamydiaeclassification, 42:274development, 42:274molecular biology, 42:274parasitized eucaryocytes, 42:274
Chlamydomonaslight antenna, 44:572
Chlorophyceaelight antennas, 44:572
Chlorophycophytatoxins, 42:725
Chlorophyll synthesisR. vannielii, 41:754
Chloroplasts, eucaryotespresence of guanosine tetraphosphate, 43:27
Cholesterolmycoplasma membrane, 42:414
Chromatin replicationanimal cells, 43:297papovaviruses, 43:297
Chrooccidiopsis development and taxonomy, 42:2Chrysophyceae
light antennas, 44:572Chrysophycophyta
toxins, 42:725Ciders and perriesZymomonas, 41:1
Citrobacter freundiicarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Clostridiaferredoxin-dependent reactions, 43:384
Clostridiumbacteriocins, 40:722
Clostridium botulinumtoxin, 44:419
Clostridium butylicumpyridine nucleotide cycle metabolism, 44:83
Coccoid bodiesin spirilla, 40:55
Coenzyme F420methanogens, 43:260
Coenzyme Mmethanogens, 43:260
ColistinBacillus antibiotic, 41:449
Commensal luminous bacteriadistribution, 43:496habitats, 43:496
Complex double-stranded DNA phage headmorphogenesis, 42:529
Concatemersphage P22 DNA replication, 42:385
Conidiabiochemical changes in germination of, 40:1structure and composition in N. crassa, 40:1
Conidial germinationin N. crassa, 40:1
Conjugationantibiotic-producing microorganisms, 41:595
VOL. 44, 1980
Rhodospirillaceae, 42:357S. typhimurium, 42:471
ConsumptionsBenjamin Marten's "new theory," 42:521
Convergent evolution hypothesisspirochetes, 41:181
Cooxidation, microbialhydrocarbons, 43:59
Coprinus radiatuscarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
CO2 reductasebacterial, 43:384
Corynebacteriumbacteriocins, 40:722
*C31 phagegenetics, 44:206
4C43 phageDNA, 44:206
4C62 phageDNA, 44:206
Crithidia fasciculatacarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Cryptic plasmidsS. typhimurium, 42:471
Cryptomonaslight antenna, 44:572
Cryptophyceaelight antennas, 44:572
Cyanideassimilation, 40:652diseases, 40:652production by bacteria, 40:652production by fungi, 40:652resistance and detoxication, 40:652
Cyanobacteriapleurocapsalean, 42:2toxins, 42:725
CyanophageRhodospirillaceae, 42:357
Cyanophycophytatoxins, 42:725
Cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphateeffect on eucaryotic cells, 42:592in E. coli, 40:527microbial ecology, 44:739operon activation, 40:527regulation of gene expression, 40:527synthesis, 40:527
Cyclic nucleotidesBacillus exoenzyme synthesis, 41:711
Cycloparaffinicsmicrobial cooxidation, 43:59
Cytidine 5'-diphosphate diglycerideE. coli membrane phospholipid synthesis, 42:614
Cytidine 5'-diphosphate diglyceride hydrolaseE. coli membrane phospholipid breakdown, 42:614
CytochromesR. vannielii, 41:754
Cytomegalovirus, guinea pigsinfection in vivo, 44:468
Cytoplasmic membrane systemMycobacterium, 41:217
SUBJECT INDEX vii
Cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus messengerribonucleic acid
5'-terminal cap structure, 44:175
Debaryomyces genome comparison and taxonomy,42:161
Defective interfering particlesinterference, 41:811structure, 41:811
Delta-toxinS. aureus, 43:320
Dental cariesS. mutans, 44:331
Deoxyribonucleic acidchromatin replicaetion, 43:297Streptomyces phages, 44:206
Deoxyribonucleic acid base compositionmethanogens, 43:260
Deoxyribonucleic acid degradationT-even phage infection, 43:199
Deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent DNA polymerasechlamydial elementary bodies, 42:274
Deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent RNA polymerasechlamydial elementary bodies, 42:274
Deoxyribonucleic acid phages, complex double-stranded
head morphogenesis, 42:529Dermocarpa development and taxonomy, 42:2Dermocarpella development and taxonomy, 42:2Desulfovibrio
ferredoxin-dependent reactions, 43:384Detergent-resistant phospholipase A
E. coli membrane, 42:614Detergent-sensitive phospholipase A
E. coli membrane phospholipid breakdown, 42:614d'Herelle, Felix
discovery of bacteriophage, 40:793Diadenosine tetraphosphate
in eucaryotes, 43:27Diethylaminoethyl-dextran host cell treatment
effect on chlamydial growth, 42:274Diglyceride cycle
E. coli membrane phospholipid synthesis, 42:614Diglyceride kinase
E. coli membrane, 42:614Diguanosine tetraphosphate
in eucaryotes, 43:27Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase
bacterial, 43:384Dihydroxyacetone phosphate-aspartate pathway
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis,44:83
Dinoflagellateslight antennas, 44:572
Dinophyceaelight antennas, 44:572
DisinfectionATP measurements, 44:739
Dogsbordetellosis, 44:722
Double-stranded DNA phages, complexhead morphogenesis, 42:529
"Double-yolk" cellsR. vannieli4 41:754
Viii SUBJECT INDEX
Drosophila melanogastercarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Dysentery, swinespirochetes, 42:114
EdeineBacillus antibiotic, 41:449
Electron transportmycoplasma membrane, 42:414Rhodospirillaceae, 42:357
Electron transport chainsbacteria, 41:47
Encephalitis in micedefective interfering particle-mediated
interference, 41:811vesicular stomatitis virus-caused, 41:811
EndocarditisS. mutans, 44:331
Endospore formationgenetic aspects, 40:908initiation, 40:908
Energy conservationchemotrophic anaerobic bacteria, 41:100
Energy conversionH. halobium, 42:682
Enoyl-CoA hydratasesin branched-chain amino acid catabolism, 40:42
Enterobacteriaceaenicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-independent
lactate dehydrogenases, 44:106Enterobacteriaceae, transfection
applications, 42:194mechanisms, 42:194techniques, 42:194
Enterobacterial common antigenchemistry, 40:591clinical implications, 40:591genetic determination, 40:591serological methods, 40:591
Enterotoxigenic E. colieffects on eucaryotic cells, 42:592
Enterotoxins, E. coli and V. choleraeeffects on eucaryotic cells, 42:592
Enzymes, iron-sulfurbacterial, 43:384
Erythrocyte ghostseffects of V. cholerae and enterotoxigenic E. coli,42:592
ErythrocytesPlasmodium infection, 43:453
Escherichia coliantigens, 41:667carbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
carbohydrate transport, 44:385complex double-stranded DNA phage head
morphogenesis, 42:529cyanide-resistant respiration, 40:652cyclic AMP, 40:527electron transport, 41:47enterotoxigenic, effects on eucaryotic cells, 42:592fimbriae, 41:667map comparison with B. subtilis, 44:57
MICROBIOL. REV.
membrane phospholipid synthesis, 42:614nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-independent
lactate dehydrogenase, 44:106phosphoenoltransferase system, 41:856plasmid-determined tetracycline resistance, 42:707transfection, 42:194UV mutagenesis, 40:869
Escherichia coli K-12clustering of gene loci, 40:116linkage map, 44:1recalibrated linkage map, 40:116valine and growth inhibition, 43:42
Eubacteriaantibiotic production, 41:595phosphoenoltransferase system, 41:856
Eucaryotesoccurrence of guanosine tetraphosphate and other
unusual nucleotides, 43:27Eucaryotic cell biology
contributions of microbiology, 43:443Eucaryotic cells
chlamydial parasitism, 42:274effects of V. cholerae and enterotoxigenic E. coli,42:592
Eucaryotic messenger ribonucleic acids5'-terminal cap structure, 44:175
Eucaryotic suborganellar systemsaction of virginiamycin family, 43:145
Euglenalight antenna, 44:572
Euglenophyceaelight antennas, 44:572
Eustigmatophyceaelight antennas, 44:572
Evolutionautotrophy, 42:251P22-like temperate phages, 42:385Rhodospirillaceae genetics, 42:357
Exfoliative toxinS. aureus, 43:320
Exoenzyme synthesisBacillus, 41:711procaryotes, 41:711
Exospore formationR. vannielii, 41:754
Exotoxins, V. cholerae and enterotoxigenic E. colieffects on eucaryotic cells, 42:592
Extrachromosomal elementsas agents of evolution, 40:552gene transfer, 40:552in mutation, 40:552natural genetic engineering, 40:552phage conversion, 40:552RNA tumor viruses, 40:552
Fat cellseffects of V. cholerae and enterotoxigenic E. coli,42:592
Fatty acidsAfrican trypanosomes, 42:661E. coli membrane, 42:614mycoplasma membrane, 42:414
Fatty acid synthesiscerulenin as inhibitor, 40:681
VOL. 44, 1980
Fatty acid systemsBacillus, 41:391
Ferredoxinsbacterial, 43:384
Ferret tissueinfluenza virus replication, 44:303
Ferric chelatesmicrobial iron acquisition, 42:45
Fibroblastseffects of V. cholerae and enterotoxigenic E. coli,42:592
FimbriaeE. coli, 41:667
Flora, microbialimmunity to C. albicans, 44:660
Fluorescent pigmentsfluorescent pseudomonads, 43:422
Fluorescent pseudomonadssecondary metabolites, 43:422
Food poisoningC. botulinum toxin, 44:419
Fornaldehydeautotrophy evolution, 42:251
Formate-aspartate pathwaynicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis,44:83
Formate dehydrogenasebacterial, 43:384
F' plasmidderivatives, 41:872
Fructose-specific phosphoenoltransferase systemphotosynthetic bacteria, 41:856
Fungiaflatoxin-producing, 41:822antibiotic-producing, 41:595carbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
cell wall biosynthesis, 43:117metabolism, 41:822
Fusobacterium necrophorumanimal diseases and chemotherapy, 41:373description, 41:373immunity, 41:373
Fusobacterium nucleatumP2 antigen, 43:103
Gamma-toxinS. aureus, 43:320
Garden peacarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Gastrointestinal tractspirochetes, 42:114
Gene, transformingviral, 43:443
Gene expressionrole of cyclic AMP, 40:527
Genetic mapS. cerevisiae, 44:519
Genetic transformationEnterobacteriaceae, 42:194Rhodospirillaceae, 42:357S. typhimurium, 42:471
"Gene transfer agent"
SUBJECT INDEX ix
R. capsulata, 42:357Geotaxis
in spirilla, 40:55a(1-.6)Glucanase
S. mutans, 44:331Glucans
fungal cell wall, 43:117Glucosyltransferase
S. mutans, 44:331Glutamate synthase
bacterial, 43:384Glutamine phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amido
transferasebacterial, 43:384
Glycerol transportE. coli, 44:385
Glycogenchlamydial reticulate bodies, 42:274Sphaerotilus-Leptothrix group, 42:329
Glycolipidsmycoplasma membrane, 42:414
Glycolysisfungal metabolism, 41:822
Glycolytic substrate-linked phosphorylationprimitive carbohydrate metabolism, 42:251
Glycoprotein hormonessimilarities to V. cholerae and enterotoxigenic E.
coli toxins, 42:592Glycoproteinsmycoplasma membrane, 42:414
Gonyaulax spp.toxins, 42:725
Gramicidin SBacillus antibiotic, 41:449
Gram-negative bacteria, envelopestructure and Enterobacteriaceae transfection,
42:194structure and function, 42:614tetracycline passage, 42:707
Gram-positive bacteriacytoplasmic membrane, tetracycline passage,42:707
envelope structure, Enterobacteriaceaetransfection, 42:194
penicillinase synthesis, genetic regulation, 42:67GranulomaMycobacterium, 41:217
Grassesnitrogen fixation with bacteria, 44:491
Group B streptococcidiagnosis, 40:774diseases, 40:774pathogenesis, 40:774treatment, 40:774virulence factors, 40:774
Guanosine 5'-monophosphateeffects of V. cholerae and enterotoxigenic E. colion eucaryotic cells, 42:592
Guanosine tetraphosphateE. coli membrane phospholipid synthesis, 42:614in eucaryotes, 43:27in procaryotes, 43:27microbial ecology, 44:739
Guanosine 5'-triphosphate
x SUBJECT INDEX
microbial ecology, 44:739Guanylyltransferasesmessenger RNA 5'-terminal cap structure, 44:175
Guinea pig virusesbiomedical research, 44:468
Gymnodinum spp.toxins, 42:725
Haemophiluspyridine nucleotide cycle metabolism, 44:83
Halobacterium cutirubrumcarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Halobacterium halobiumlight energy conversion, 42:682
Halophilic organismsalgae, 40:803bacteria, 40:803
Haploid systemapplication of biometrical methods, 41:595
Haptophyceaelight antennas, 44:572
Head length controleffect of canavanine, 40:314phage T4, 40:314size determination, 40:314
Hemagglutininyeast DNA interaction, 42:161
HemolysinsAfrican trypanosomes, 42:661
HepatotoxinsAfrican trypanosomes, 42:661
Herpes-like virus, guinea pigsinfection in vivo, 44:468
Herpesviruses, guinea pigsbiomedical research, 44:468
Heterocaryon analysisin N. crassa, 40:1
HeteroclonesStreptomyces, 41:595
HeterokaryonsStreptomyces, 41:595
Hexose skeletonsautotrophy evolution, 42:251
Hfr plasmidformation, 41:872
his operon of E. coliK antigens determined near, 41:667
Histoneschromatin replication, 43:297
Hormonal factorsimmunity to C. albicans, 44:660
Host defensetemperature, 43:241
Humansuse of virginiamycin family, 43:145
Human tissueinfluenza virus replication, 44:303
Humoral antibodiesagglutinins, 40:284bacteriolysins, 40:284opsonins, 40:284precipitins, 40:284
Hydrocarbons
MICROBIOL. REV.
microbial cooxidation, 43:59Hydrogenase
bacterial, 43:384Hydrogenation reactionschemotrophic anaerobic bacteria, 41:100
Hydrogen evolutionnitrogen fixation, 44:449
Hydrogen evolution and uptakenitrogen fixation, 44:491
Hydrolytic enzymesE. coli membrane phospholipid breakdown, 42:614
w-Hydroxylasebacterial, 43:384
Hyperferremiairon and infection, 42:45
Hyperthermiaeffects, 43:241
Hypothermiaeffects, 43:241
Idiotype network interactionsimmune response autoregulation, 44:631
Ileal loop assayeffects of V. cholerae and enterotoxigenic E. colion eucaryotic cells, 42:592
Immune functiontemperature, 43:241
Immune mechanismsblastogenic factor, 40:284chemotactic factor, 40:284macrophage chemotactic factor, 40:284migration inhibition factor, 40:284transfer factor, 40:284
Immune responseinfection with Bacteroidaceae, 43:103
Immune response, effectsiron, 42:45V. cholerae and enterotoxigenic E. coli, 42:592
Immune responsesautoregulation via idiotype network interactions,
44:631Immunity
to C. albicans, 44:660Immunocompetent cells
cell-mediated mechanisms, 40:284in resistance to infection, 40:284
Immunoglobulin epitopesimmune response autoregulation, 44:631
Immunological functionenvironmentally induced changes, 41:205leukocytes, 41:205serology, 41:205tobacco smoke exposure, 41:205
Infectioneffects of iron, 42:45
Infection, Bacteroidaceaedetection, 43:103immune response, 43:103immunoprophylaxis, 43:103
Infection, T-even phagehost macromolecular synthesis shutoff, 43:199
Infection, virusrole of macrophages in resistance, 43:1
Influenza virus
VOL. 44, 1980
pathogenicity, 44:303Influenza virus messenger ribonucleic acid
5'-terminal cap structure, 44:175Insectsmycoplasmas, 42:414spirochetes, 42:114
Interferon host cell treatmenteffect on chlamydial growth, 42:274
Interferonsantiviral activity, 41:543measles virus induction, 41:636
InvertaseS. mutans, 44:331
Invertebratescarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
5-Iodo-2'-deoxyuridine host cell treatmenteffect on chlamydial growth, 42:274
Iron and infectionhost iron-withholding activity, 42:45immune response, 42:45microbial iron acquisition, 42:45phagocytosis, 42:45
Iron limitationmicrobial ecology, 44:739
Iron oxidationSphaerotilus-Leptothrix group, 42:329
Iron-sulfur proteinsbacterial, 43:384
Isoenzymes, acetohydroxy acid synthaseE. coli K-12, 43:42
Joblot, Louismicroscopes, 40:190monographs, 40:190
K antigensE. coli, 41:667
Kinetochoresin protist meiosis, 40:190
Kitasato, Shibasaburocontroversy versus Yersin, 40:633discovery of plague bacillus, 40:633
Klebsiellacross-reactions with E. coli 0 antigens, 41:667
Klebsiellapneumoniaenif gene, 44:449
Koch, Robertscientific accomplishments, 40:276theory of pleomorphism, 40:276
Lactate dehydrogenasesbacteria, 44:106
Lactate productionbacteria, 44:106
Lactate racemasesbacteria, 44:106
Lactic acid bacterianicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-independent
lactate dehydrogenases, 44:106Lactobacillus
pyridine nucleotide cycle metabolism, 44:83Lactobacillus leichmannii
SUBJECT INDEX xi
carbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Lactose-proton symportbacteria, 44:385
Lactose uptakebacteria, 44:385
LectinsS. mutans reactivity, 44:331
Leptothrix spp.genetic relationships, 42:329growth, 42:329iron oxidation, 42:329Mn2+ oxidation, 42:329nomenclature, 42:329taxonomy, 42:329
LeucocidinS. aureus, 43:320
Leuconostocpyridine nucleotide cycle metabolism, 44:83
Leukocyteseffects of atmospheric contaminants, 41:205
LevansucraseBacillus synthesis, 41:711
Light antennasphototactic algae, 44:572
Light energy conversionH. halobium, 42:682
Light organ symbiontsluminous bacteria, 43:496
Lipid biosynthesisfungi, 41:822Mycobacterium, 41:217Plasmodium, 43:453
Lipid compositionmethanogens, 43:260
Lipid metabolism enzymesmycoplasma membrane, 42:414
Lipidschlamydiae, 42:274chlamydia-infected cells, 42:274E. coli membrane, 42:614fluorescent pseudomonads, 43:422mycoplasma membrane, 42:414
LipopolysaccharidesBacteroidaceae, 43:103mycoplasma membrane, 42:414spirochete outer sheath, 42:114trypanosomes, 42:661
Lipoteichoic acidS. mutans, 44:331
Listeriabacteriocins, 40:722
Lithotrophsmetabolism, 41:419specialists, 41:419
Luminescent system, bacterialcontrol, 43:496
Luminous bacteriadistribution, 43:496habitats, 43:496taxonomic relationships, 43:496
Lupus erythematosus, systemiclinkage to measles virus, 41:636
Lymphocyte immune response
xii SUBJECT INDEX
effects of V. cholerae and enterotoxigenic E. coli,42:592
Lymphoid cell line immune responseeffects of V. cholerae and enterotoxigenic E. coli,42:592
Lysogenymycoplasma viruses, 42:414phage P22, 42:385
LysophospholipasesE. coli membrane phospholipid breakdown, 42:614
Lysozyme-ethylenediaminetetraacetate spheroplasttechnique
Enterobacteriaceae transfection, 42:194
Macrolidesbiosynthesis, 41:595
Macrophagesrole in virus infection resistance, 43:1
Malarial parasites (see Plasmodium)Maltose transport
E. coli, 44:385Mammalian systemscarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Manganese dioxide reductionLeptothrix spp., 42:329
Manganous ion oxidationSphaerotilus-Leptothrix group, 42:329
Mannitol-specific phosphoenoltransferase systemS. auranatia, 41:856
M antigenE. coli, 41:667
MapB. subtilis, 44:57E. coli K-12, 44:1
Marten, Benjamin"new theory of consumptions," 42:521
Measles virusassociated diseases, 41:636interferon synthesis induction, 41:636replication, 41:636structure, 41:636temperature-sensitive mutants, 41:636virus-cell interactions, 41:636
Medical microbiologymicrobial genetics, Pseudomonas, 43:73
Meiosisprotist, 40:190
Melibiose-sodium cotransportE. coli, 44:385S. typhimurium, 44:385
Membrane-bound enzymesE. coli, 42:614mycoplasmas, 42:414
2-Mercaptoethanesulfonic acidmethanogens, 43:260
Messenger ribonucleic acidBacillus exoenzyme synthesis, 41:711
Messenger ribonucleic acid (guanine-7-)methyl-transferase
messenger RNA 5'-terminal cap structure, 44:175Messenger ribonucleic acid guanylyltransferasemessenger RNA 5'-terminal cap structure, 44:175
Messenger ribonucleic acids, eucaryotic
5'-terminal cap structure, 44:175Metazoacarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,
42:307Methanobacteriaceae
description, 43:260Methanobacteriales
description, 43:260Methanobacterium
description, 43:260Methanobacterium bryantii
description, 43:260Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum
autotrophic growth, 41:514Methanobrevibacter
description, 43:260Methanobrevibacter smithii
description, 43:260Methanococcaceae
description, 43:260Methanococcales
description, 43:260Methanococcus
description, 43:260Methanococcus voltae
description, 43:260Methanogenic bacteria
ecological aspects, 41:514methods for study, 41:514physiological aspects, 41:514properties, 41:514
Methanogeniumdescription, 43:260
Methanogensdescription, 43:260reevaluation, 43:260taxonomy, 43:260
Methanomicrobiaceaedescription, 43:260
Methanomicrobialesdescription, 43:260
Methanomicrobiumdescription, 43:260
Methanosarcinadescription, 43:260
Methanosarcinaceaedescription, 43:260
Methanospirillumdescription, 43:260
4-Methoxybenzoate-O-demethylasebacterial, 43:384
Methylotrophsmetabolism, 41:419specialists, 41:419
Methylotrophyrelation with autotrophy, 42:251
2'-O-Methyltransferasemessenger RNA 5'-terminal cap structure, 44:175
Methyltransferasesmessenger RNA 5'-terminal cap structure, 44:175
Microbial floraimmunity to C. albicans, 44:660
Microbial surfacesbacteria, 41:475
MICROBIOL. REV.
VOL. 44, 1980
relation to pathogenicity, 41:475virus, 41:475
Microbial water stresscompatible solutes, 40:803ecological aspects, 40:803halophilic algae, 40:803halophilic bacteria, 40:803physicochemical parameters, 40:803xerotolerant yeasts, 40:803
Microcystis aeruginosa toxin, 42:725Micromonospora
recombination, 41:595Microscopes
historical, 40:241van Leeuwenhoek's, 40:260
Microthamniumlight antenna, 44:572
Mineral requirementsSphaerotilus-Leptothrix group, 42:329
Minimum lethal doseinverse prediction, 42:237
Mitochondria, eucaryotespresence of guanosine tetraphosphate, 43:27
MitogensAfrican trypanosomes, 42:661
Molybdenumnitrogen fixation, 44:449
Mononuclear phagocyte systemmacrophages and virus infections, 43:1
Mouse tissueinfluenza virus replication, 44:303
Mucocutaneous candidiasis, humancell-mediated immunity, 44:660
Multiple sclerosislinkage to measles virus, 41:636
Mung beancarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Murine leukemia virusinterferon inhibition of replication, 41:543
MutacinsS. mutans, 44:331
Mutagen/carcinogen detectionS. typhimurium, 42:471
Myceliastructure and composition in N. crassa, 40: 1
MycobacilHinBacillus antibiotic, 41:449
Mycobacterial antigenschemistry, 42:84immunological properties, 42:84isolation, 42:84nomenclature, 42:84
Mycobacteriophageshost cell-destroying enzyme induction, 41:217lysogeny and pseudolysogeny, 41:217serology, 41:217
Mycobacteriumacid-fastness, 41:217antigen, 41:217cell wall, 41:217cytoplasmic membrane synthesis, 41:217granulomas, 41:217immune response, 41:217
SUBJECT INDEX xiii
lipid biosynthesis, 41:217morphology, 41:217mycobacteriophages, 41:217pyridine nucleotide cycle metabolism, 44:83
Mycoplasmasecology, 42:414genome, 42:414growth and morphology, 42:414membrane, 42:414pathogenicity, 42:414viruses, 42:414
Myxosarcina development and taxonomy, 42:2
Neurological diseaselinkage to measles virus, 41:636
Neurosporagenetic control mechanisms, 43:361life cycle, 43:361natural history, 43:361
Neurospora crassaasexual life cycle, 40:1biochemical genetics, 40:1breaking of dormancy, 40:1carbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
conidial germination, 40:1structure of conidia and mycelia, 40:1
NeurotoxinC. botulinum, 44:419
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesismicrobial systems, 44:83
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-independentlactate dehydrogenases
bacteria, 44:106Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-linked lactate
dehydrogenasesbacteria, 44:106
Nicotinamide nucleotide coenzymesrole in fungal metabolism, 41:822
Nisinbiosynthesis, 41:595
Nitrate reductase (dissimilatory)bacterial, 43:384
Nitrificationaflatoxigenic fungi, 41:822
NitrogenaseA. brasilense, 44:491A. vinelandii, 41:47bacterial, 43:384biochemistry, 44:449photosynthesis, 44:491
Nitrogen fixationbacteria with tropical grass roots, 44:491biochemical genetics, 44:449in spirilla, 40:55
Nitrogen limitationmicrobial ecology, 44:739
Nitrogen metabolite regulationantibiotic biosynthesis, 44:230
Nitrogen sourcesSphaerotilus-Leptothrix group, 42:329
Nocardia mediterraneirecombination, 41:595
Noctiluca miliaris toxin, 42:725
XiV SUBJECT INDEX
NodulationRhizobium, 44:449
Nonmeiotic systemsapplication of biometrical methods, 41:595
Nuclear disruptionT-even phage infection, 43:199
NucleasesE. coli transfection, 42:194
Nucleic acid biosynthetic enzymeschlamydial reticulate bodies, 42:274
Nucleic acid metabolismfungi, 41:822
Nucleic acidsPlasmodium, 43:453
Nucleoid unfolding, hostT-even phage infection, 43:199
Nucleosomeschromatin replication, 43:297
Nucleotide fingerprintsmicrobial ecology, 44:739
Nucleotide precursorsBacillus exoenzyme synthesis, 41:711
Nucleotides, adeninefungal metabolism, 41:822
Nucleotides, cyclicBacillus exoenzyme synthesis, 41:711
Nucleotides, highly phosphorylatedBacillus exoenzyme synthesis, 41:711
Nucleotides, unusualin eucaryotes, 43:27in procaryotes, 43:27
O antigensE. coli, 41:667
Oceanospirillum, 40:55Ochromonas spp.
toxins, 42:725Oligosaccharides, membrane-derived
E. coli, 42:614Oral streptococci
identification, 44:331isolation, 44:331
Oudemansiella mucidaantibiotic synthesis, 41:595
Oxygenaseshydrocarbon cooxidation, 43:59
Oxytetracycline hydrochloridebacterial resistance, 42:707
Palm sapZymomonas, 41:1
Panencephalitis, subacute sclerosinglinkage to measles virus, 41:636
P2 antigenF. nucleatum, 43:103
Papovaviruseschromatin replication, 43:297
Paracoccus denitrificanselectron transport, 41:47
Paraffinic hydrocarbonsmicrobial cooxidation, 43:59
Paramecium tetraureliatrichocysts, 44:252
Paramyxoviruses, guinea pigs
MICROBIOL. REV.
biomedical research, 44:468Parasitesluminous bacteria, 43:496
PathogenesisAfrican trypanosomes, 42:661enterotoxigenic E. coli, 42:592mycoplasmas, 42:414salmonellae, 42:471V. cholerae, 42:592
PBS1 phage transductionB. subtilis, 44:57
Peacarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Penicillin analogspenicillinase induction, gram-positive bacteria,42:67
PenicillinaseBacillus synthesis, 41:711
Penicillinase, gram-positive bacteriafunction, 42:67synthesis, 42:67
Penicillin chrysogenumantibiotic synthesis, 41:595
Penicillium griseofulvumantibiotic synthesis, 41:595
Pentoseautotrophy evolution, 42:251
Peptide antibioticsBacillus synthesis, 41:449, 41:595
Peptidesfluorescent pseudomonads, 43:422mycobacterial antigens, 42:84
Peptidoglycanpleurocapsalean cyanobacterial cell wall, 42:2spirochete protoplasmic cylinder, 42:114
Peridinium polonicum toxin, 42:725Permease
bacteria, 44:385Pg8l phage
restriction, 44:206Phagocytosis
effect of iron, 42:45immunity to C. albicans, 44:660
Phaseolus aureuscarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Phenazinesfluorescent pseudomonads, 43:422
Phosphateeffect on Leptothrix Mn2+ oxidation, 42:329
Phosphate regulationantibiotic biosynthesis, 44:230
Phosphatidic acidE. coli membrane phospholipid synthesis, 42:614
Phosphatidic acid phosphataseE. coli membrane phospholipid breakdown, 42:614
PhosphatidylethanolamineE. coli membrane phospholipid synthesis, 42:614
PhosphatidylglycerolE. coli membrane phospholipid synthesis, 42:614
Phosphatidylglycerophosphate phosphataseE. coli membrane, 42:614
Phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthetase
SUBJECT INDEX xv
E. coli membrane, 42:614Phosphatidylserine
E. coli membrane phospholipid synthesis, 42:614Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase
E. coli membrane, 42:614Phosphatidylserine synthetase
E. coli membrane, 42:614Phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar
phosphotransferase systemmycoplasmas, 42:414
Phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferasesystem
bacteria, 41:856, 44:385Phospholipases
African trypanosomes, 42:661E. coli membrane phospholipid breakdown, 42:614
Phospholipid enzymes
E. coli membrane, 42:614Phospholipids, membrane
E. coli, 42:614mycoplasmas, 42:414
Phospholipid synthesis, E. coli membraneenzymology, 42:614genetics, 42:614regulation, 42:614
Phospholipid turnoverE. coli membrane, 42:614
Phosphorus acquisition systemNeurospora, 43:361
Phosphorus limitationmicrobial ecology, 44:739
Phosphorylated nucleotidesBacillus exoenzyme synthesis, 41:711
Phosphorylationprimitive carbohydrate metabolism, 42:682
Phosphotransferase systemsbacteria, 44:385
PhotophosphorylationH. halobium, 42:682
PhotopigmentsR. vannielii, 41:754
Photosynthesisnitrogenase, 44:491
Photosynthetic bacteriaferredoxin-dependent reactions, 43:384fructose-specific phosphoenoltransferase system,41:856
Photosynthetic membranes, procaryoticbound iron-sulfur proteins, 43:384
Phototactic algaelight antennas, 44:572
Phototrophsmetabolism, 41:419specialists, 41:419
Pichia taxonomy, 42:161Pigments, fluorescent
fluorescent pseudomonads, 43:422Pisum sativumcarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Plant mycoplasmas, 42:414Plasmid-chromosome interactionPseudomonas, 43:73
Plasmid-determined tetracycline resistance
E. coli, 42:707S. aureus;, 42:707
Plasmidsbacterial, 40:168cointegration, 41:872determination of E. coli K antigens, 41:667F' derivatives, 41:872Hfr formation, 41:872SOS repair, 40:869Streptomyces, 41:595
Plasmodiumbiochemistry, 43:453growth, 43:453host cell specificity, 43:453infected-cell morphology, 43:453life cycle, 43:453membrane, 43:453metabolic pathways, 43:453morphology, 43:453
Plateletsbeta-lysin, 41:501site of action of beta-lysin, 41:501
Platymonaslight antenna, 44:572
Pleurocapsa group development and taxonomy, 42:2Pleurocapsalean cyanobacteriadevelopment and structure, 42:2isolation, 42:2strain histories, 42:2taxonomy, 42:2
Pleurocapsales taxonomy, 42:2Pneumonia, swine
B. bronchiseptica, 44:722Pollution assessmentATP measurements, 44:739
PolyglycerophosphatideE. coli membrane, 42:614
Poly-6-hydroxybutyrate, Sphaerotilus-Leptothrixgroup
synthesis and degradation, 42:329Polymer synthesis
S. mutans, 44:331Polymixn
Bacillus antibiotic, 41:449Polynucleotide sequence relatedness
yeast systematics, 42:161Polyoma viruschromatin replication, 43:297
Polysaccharide K antigensE. coil, 41:667
Polysaccharide-protein complexesfungal cell wall, 43:117
PolysaccharidesCeratocystis, 44:683mycobacterial antigens, 42:84S. mutans, 44:331S. schenckii, 44:683
Primeval soupautotrophy evolution, 42:251
Procaryotesbacteriophage development, 41:568exoenzyme synthesis, 41:711gene selection, 41:568
VOL. 44, 1980
xvi SUBJECT INDEX
occurrence of guanosine tetraphosphate and otherunusual nucleotides, 43:27
phosphoenoltransferase system, 41:856RNA polymerase, 41:568specialist prototrophs, lithotrophs, methylotrophs,
41:419unity among diversity, 41:419
Procaryotes, virus-infectedaction of virginiamycin family, 43:145
Procaryotic photosynthetic membranesbound iron-sulfur proteins, 43:384
Prodigiosinbiosynthesis, 41:595
Pronaseeffect on Leptothrix Mn2" oxidation, 42:329
Prosthecate bacteriamorphogenesis and differentiation, 41:754
Protease, extracellularNeurospora, 43:361
ProteasesAfrican trypanosomes, 42:661Bacillus synthesis, 41:711
Protein K antigensE. coli, 41:667
Protein metabolismfungi, 41:822
Protein-polysaccharide complexesfungal cell wall, 43:117
Proteins, iron-sulfurbacterial, 43:384
Protein synthesisinterferon inhibition in viruses, 41:543Plasmodium, 43:453R. vannielii, 41:754
Protist meiosiscytological events during, 40:190induction of, 40:190meiotic mutants, 40:190physiological events during, 40:190
Protons, transmembrane movementH. halobium, 42:682
Proton translationATPase complexes, 41:47
Protoplast fusionrecombination, 41:595
Protozoa, surface-related structuresformation, 44:252positioning, 44:252
Prymnesiophyceaelight antennas, 44:572
Prymnesium parvum toxin, 42:725Pseudomonads, fluorescentsecondary metabolites, 43:422
Pseudomonaschromosomal genetics, 43:73formate dehydrogenase, 43:384
Pseudomonas aeruginosacarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAOchromosomal mapping, 43:73
Pseudomonas aeruginosa PATchromosomal mapping, 43:73
Pseudomonas cell structure
genetic analysis, 43:73Pseudomonas fluorescenscarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Pseudomonas putidacarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Pseudomonic acidfluorescent pseudomonads, 43:422
Purified protein derivativetuberculin, 42:84
Purinesaerobic degradation, 40:403anaerobic degradation, 40:403in Enterobacteriaceae, 40:403in fungi, 40:403in streptococci, 40:403
Pyridine nucleotide cycle metabolismmicrobial systems, 44:83
Pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway, carbamoylphosphate utilization
biochemistry, 42:307genetics, 42:307
Pyrimidinesbiosynthetic pathway, 40:403degradation, 40:403
Pyrrhophycophytatoxins, 42:725
Pyrrolnitrinfluorescent pseudomonads, 43:422
Pyruvate dehydrogenasebacterial, 43:384
Quinic acid catabolic systemNeurospora, 43:361
Rana catesbeianacarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
R antigensE. coli, 41:667
Recombinationactinomycetes, 41:595additive, 41:872bacteriophage integration, 41:872genetic markers and symbols, 41:872Micromonospora, 41:595N. mediterranei, 41:595protoplast fusion, 41:595
Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotidedehydrogenase
bacterial, 43:384Reovirus messenger ribonucleic acid
5'-terminal cap structure, 44:175Respiration
bacteria, 41:47fungi, 41:822
Respiratory infectionsB. bronchiseptica, 44:722
Retroviruses, guinea pigsbiomedical research, 44:468
RhamnomannansCeratocystis, 44:683S. schenckii, 44:683
MICROBIOL. REV.
VOL. 44, 1980
Rhizobiumnodulation, 44:449
Rhodomicrobium vannieliimorphogenesis and differentiation, 41:754
Rhodophycophytatoxins, 42:725
Rhodopseudomonas capsulata"gene transfer agent," 42:357
Rhodospirillaceaebacteriocins, 42:357evolution, 42:357genetics, 42:357phage, 42:357physiology, 42:357
Ribonucleic acid, ribosomalmethanogens, 43:260
Ribonucleic acid, transfermethanogens, 43:260
Ribonucleic acid plasmiddouble-stranded killer of S. cerevisiae, 40: 757
Ribonucleic acid polymeraseBacillus exoenzyme synthesis, 41:711procaryotes, 41:568role in phage development, 41:568
Ribonucleic acid polymerase, DNA-dependentchlamydial elementary bodies, 42:274
Ribonucleic acid polymerase modificationT-even phage infection, 43:199
Ribonucleic acid replicationdefective interfering genome generation, 41:811
Ribonucleic acids, messenger5'-terminal cap structure, 44:175
Ribonucleic acid synthesisR. vannielii, 41:754
Ribonucleic acid tumor virusesin interspecific gene transfer, 40:552role in embryogenesis, 40:552
Ribosomal antigensmycobacteria, 42:84
Ribosomal ribonucleic acidmethanogens, 43:260
Ribosome modificationT-even phage infection, 43:199
Ribulose diphosphate cycleautotrophy evolution, 42:251
Ribulose monophosphate cycleautotrophy evolution, 42:251
Rifamycinsbiosynthesis, 41:595
R4 phagerestriction and modification, 44:206
Saccharomyces cerevisiaecarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
genetic map, 44:519RNA plasmid killer, 40:757yeast genetics, 40:757
Saccharomyces taxonomy, 42:161Salmonella
cross-reactions with E. coli 0 antigens, 41:667Salmonellae
pathogenicity, 42:471Salmonella typhimurium
SUBJECT INDEX xvll
carbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
coding for phosphoenoltransferase system, 41:856genetics, 42:471linkage map, edition V, 42:471pathogenicity, 42:471sodium-melibiose cotransport, 44:385
Saprophytic luminous bacteriadistribution, 43:496habitats, 43:496
Scalded skin syndromestaphylococcal, 43:320
Schwanniomyces taxonomy, 42:161Sclerosing panencephalitis, subacute
linkage to measles virus, 41:636serA of E. coliK antigens determined near, 41:667
Serological classificationBacteroidaceae, 43:103
Serological responsesantigens of Bacteroidaceae, 43:103
Serratia marcescenscarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Serum componentsmycoplasma nutrients, 42:414
Serum factors, innateimmunity to C. albicans, 44:660
Sewage systemsdisposal of cyanide wastes, 40:652
Shigellacross-reactions with E. coli 0 antigens, 41:667
Shrimpspirochetes, 42:114
Siderophore synthesisiron inhibition, 42:45
Simian virus 40chromatin replication, 43:297
Simian virus 40 genomeinterferon ineffectiveness, 41:543
Skin lesionsspirochetes, 42:114
Skin permeability assayeffects of V. cholerae and enterotoxigenic E. colion eucaryotic cells, 42:592
sn-Glycero-3-phosphateE. coli membrane phospholipid synthesis, 42:614
Sodium-melibiose cotransportE. coli, 44:385S. typhimurium, 44:385
Soil ester sulfatehydrolysis, 40:698mammalian sources, 40:698microbial sources, 40:698mineralization, 40:698
SOS hypothesisUV mutagenesis, 40:869
Spallanzani, L.experiments with infusions, 40:274Opusciuli, 40:270preformationism, 40:270
Sphaerotilus-Leptothrix groupgenetics, 42:329growth, 42:329
xviii SUBJECT INDEX
isolation, 42:329taxonomy, 42:329
Sphaerotilus natans taxonomy, 42:329Spheroplast technique
Enterobacteriaceae transfection, 42:194Spindle pole bodies
in protist meiosis, 40:190SpirillaAquaspirillum, 40:55bacteriophages for, 40:55cell wall, 40:55chemoheterotrophic, 40:55cultivation and nutrition of, 40:55DNA of, 40:55ecology of, 40:55isolation of, 40:55motility and flagella, 40:55Oceanospirillum, 40:55respiration, 40:55sugar catabolism, 40:55tactic responses, 40:55
Spirochaeta aurantiamannitol-specific phosphoenoltransferase system,41:856
Spirochetesanatomy, 42:114chemistry, 42:114evolution, 41:181host associations, 42:114metabolism, 41:181physiology, 41:181
Spiroplasma viruses, 42:414Spore formation
in actinomycetes, 40:469Spores
coat layers, 40:360germination, 40:360morphology, 40:360
Sporothrix schenckiibiochemistry, 44:683ecology, 44:683immunology, 44:683morphology, 44:683
Sporotrichosisepidemiology, 44:683
Sporulation events, 40:908Sporulation of B. subtilisRNA polymerase role, 41:568
Staphylococcusbacteriocins, 40:722scalded skin syndrome, 43:320
Staphylococcus aureusnonenteric toxins, 43:320plasmid-determined tetracycline resistance, 42:707
Sterol synthesisinhibition by cerulenin, 40:681
Streptococcidiagnosis, 40:774epidemiology, 40:774group B, 40:774pathogenesis, 40:774virulence factors, 40:774
Streptococci, oralidentification, 44:331
MICROBIOL. REV.
isolation, 44:331Streptococcus faecaliscarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Streptococcus milleriproperties, 44:331
Streptococcus mitiorproperties, 44:331
Streptococcus mutansbiology, 44:331cariogenicity, 44:331immunology, 44:331
Streptococcus salivariusproperties, 44:331
Streptococcus sanguisproperties, 44:331
Streptomycesbacteriocins, 40:722conjugation, 41:595heteroclones, 41:595heterokaryons, 41:595interspecific recombination, 41:595plasmids, 41:595
Streptomyces albus Gphage resistance, 44:206
Streptomyces bacteriophagesgenetics, 44:206molecular biology, 44:206
Succinate dehydrogenasebacterial, 43:384
Sugarcane sapZymomonas, 41:1
Sugar catabolismby spirilla, 40:55
Sugar metabolismS. mutans, 44:331
Sugar phosphotransferase system,phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent
mycoplasmas, 42:414Sugarsautotrophy evolution, 42:251
Sugar translocationcatalyzed by phosphoenoltransferase system, 41:
856Sugar transportA. laidlawii, 42:414
Sugar uptakebacteria, 44:385
Sulfite reductase (assimilatory)bacterial, 43:384
Sulfite reductase (dissimilatory)bacterial, 43:384
Sulfur cyclein aerobic soils, 40:698inorganic sulfate sources, 40:698
Sulfur-iron proteinsbacterial, 43:384
Sulfur limitationmicrobial ecology, 44:739
Surface layer antigensBacteroidaceae, 43:103
Survival evaluationchallenge experiments, 42:237
Swarm cells
VOL. 44, 1980
R. vannielii, 41:754Swine atrophic rhinitis
B. bronchiseptica, 44:722Swine dysentery
spirochetes, 42:114Swine pneumonia
B. bronchiseptica, 44:722Synaptonemal complexes
in protist and meiosis, 40:190Syphilis
spirochetes, 42:114
T-cell idiotypesimmune response autoregulation, 44:631
T Cellsstimulation by antigens, 40:284stimulation by mitogens, 40:284
Temperate phagesheteroimmune to phage OC31, 44:206
Temperate P22-like phagesmodular construction, evolutionary rationale,42:385
Temperaturehost defense, 43:241
Ter reactionDNA packaging and phage A head completion,42:529
Tetanus toxinaction, 43:224chemistry, 43:224production, 43:224release, 43:224similarities to C. botulinum toxin, 44:419spread, 43:224structure, 43:224
Tetracyclinesbiosynthesis, 41:595
Tetracyclines, bacterial resistanceassociated proteins, 42:707genes, 42:707membrane passage and binding, 42:707plasmids, 42:707
Tetrahymnena thermophilacortical mitochondria, 44:252stomatogenesis, 44:252
Tetrose skeletonsautotrophy evolution, 42:251
T-even phage infectionhost macromolecular synthesis shutoff, 43:199
Theory of pleomorphismKoch, R., 40:276Winogradsky, S., 40:276
Thermoactimomycestransformation, 41:595
Thermoplasmasecology and nutrition, 42:414
Thermotaxisin spirilla, 40:55
Thymidine kinase, host cell
chlamydial inhibition, 42:274Tobacco
effects of smoking on leukocytes, 41:205Toxic agents, resistancePseudomonas, 43:73
SUBJECT INDEX xix
ToxinC. botulinum, 44:419tetanus, 44:419
Toxin, tetanus (see Tetanus toxin)Toxins
African trypanosomes, 42:661algae, 42:725B. bronchiseptica, 44:722enterotoxigenic E. coli, 42:592mycoplasmas, 42:414V. cholerae, 42:592
Toxins, S. aureusnonenteric, 43:320
Trace metalsrole in aflatoxin production, 41:822
Transductionphage P22,42:385S. typhimurium, 42:471
TransfectionEnterobacteriaceae, 42:194S. typhinurium, 42:471
Transfer ribonucleic acidmethanogens, 43:260
Transfer ribonucleic acid modificationT-even phage infection, 43:199
Transformation, geneticEnterobacteriaceae, 42:194Rhodospirillaceae, 42:357S. typhimurium, 42:471
Transforming geneviral 43:443
Treponema pallidumphysiology, 41:181
Tricarboxylic acid cyclefungal metabolism, 41:822
Trimethylamine dehydrogenasebacterial, 43:384
Triticum aestivumcarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Trypanosomatidae, lowerbiology, 44:140physiology, 44:140
Trypanosomes, Africanbiologically active products, 42:661
Trypanosomiasis, Africanpathogenesis, 42:661
Tryptophan catabolic pathwaynicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis,44:83
Tuberculin purified protein derivative, 42:84TuberculosisBenjamin Marten's "new theory of consumptions,"
42:521Twort, F. W.
discovery of bacteriophage, 40:793Tyrocidine
Bacillus antibiotic, 41:449
Ultraviolet mutagenesisE. coli, 40:869enzymatic repair, 40:869error-prone repair, 40:869
Ulva spp.
xx SUBJECT INDEX
toxins, 42:725Ureaplasmas
nutrition, 42:414
Vaccineseffects of V. cholerae and enterotoxigenic E. colion eucaryotic cells, 42:592
measles, 41:636Vaccinia virus messenger ribonucleic acid
5'-terminal cap structure, 44:175Valine
E. coli K-12 growth inhibition, 43:42van Leeuwenhoek, Anthony
discovery of bacteria, 40:260microscopes, 40:260
Vegetative cell cycleR. vannielii, 41:754
Vesicular stomatitis virusdefective interfering genome origin, 41:811
Vesicular stomatitis virus-caused mouse encephalitisdefective interfering particle-mediated inter-ference, 41:811
Vesicular stomatitis virus messenger ribonucleic acid5'-terminal cap structure, 44:175
Vibrio choleraepathophysiological effects on eucaryotic cells, 42:
592Viral cell transformation
gene, 43:443mechanism, 43:443
Viral genomescomplementary termini, 41:811
Viral messenger ribonucleic acids5'-terminal cap structure, 44:175
Viral pathogenesiscell cultures, 41:811molecular biology, 41:811
Virginiamycin family of antibioticsaction, 43:145chemistry, 43:145physics, 43:145
Virusesmycoplasmas, 42:414
Viruses, guinea pigsbiomedical research, 44:468
Virus-infected procaryotesaction of virginiamycin family, 43:145
Virus infections
role of macrophages in resistance, 43:1VitaminsPlasmodium, 43:453
Volvoxlight antenna, 44:572
Wastewater treatmentATP measurements, 44:739
Water stressalgae, 40:803bacteria, 40:803yeasts, 40:803
Wheat germcarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,
42:307
Xanthine dehydrogenasebacterial, 43:384
Xenococcusdevelopment and taxonomy, 42:2
Xylophagous insectsspirochetes, 42:114
Yawsspirochetes, 42:114
Yeastcarbamoyl phosphate biosynthesis and utilization,42:307
Yeast genetics, 40:757Yeast systematics, genome comparisonDebaryomyces, 42:161Pichia, 42:161Saccharomyces, 42:161Schwanniomyces, 42:161
Yersin, Alexandr6controversy versus Kitasato, 40:633discovery of plague bacillus, 40:633
Zincrole in aflatoxin production, 41:822
Zorbamycinbiosynthesis, 41:595
Zymomonasdetection, 41:1isolation, 41:1occurrence, 41: 1phenotypical description, 41:1taxonomy, 41:1
MICROBIOL. REV.
INDEX TO DATE OF ISSUE
Date of Issue
March 1980June 1980September 1980December 1980
25 April 198027 June 198022 September 19805 January 1981
Month Pages
1-174175-384385-517519-797