MICROCONTROLLER BASED RAIL TRACKING AND

ACCIDENT AVOIDANCE SYSTEM

ABSTRACT

AIM:

The main objective of this project is to develop an embedded system, which is rail

tracking and accident avoidance system.

IMPLEMENTATION:

This project is implemented 8051 based At89s52 developed board interfaced with

IR Sensor, H-Bridge driver, Motors.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

MICROCONTROLLER AT89S52

IRRX1

RPS

CRYSTAL

IRRX2

IRTX1

IRTX2

555 TIMER

L293D

MOTORS

MOTORS

POWER SUPPLY:

DESCRIPTION:

Automatic half-barrier (AHB) Access prevented by means of two half-barriers that

block the flow of road traffic, but not the exits leaving an escape route for trapped

motorists. The primary protection is a combination of road traffic light signals, audible

warning devices and the half-barriers. The lights and sirens are activated at a set time

before the operation of the barriers. The operation of the barriers is initiated automatically

as the train approaches. The barriers rise automatically when the train has passed, unless

there is another train approaching that would arrive within the time needed to operate the

crossing sequence. Crossing equipment condition is monitored remotely when the

railway line is open. In addition, telephones are provided for public use and connected to

the monitoring point.

Our embedded system board consists of a microcontroller interfaced with IR

sensor, H-Bridge driver and motors. The IR Sensors are placed on either side of the gate.

Assuming the train is arriving from the direction of IR1 sensor, when the train is detected

at IR1 Sensor the gate is closed which is isndicated through the movement of the motor in

clock wise direction and when the train is detected at IR2 Sensor the gate is opened

which is indicated through the movement of the motor in anti clock wise direction. Wise

versa when the train is arriving from IR2 sensor direction.

Step DownTransformer

BridgeRectifier

FilterCircuit

Regulator section

The system uses a compact circuitry build around flash version of AT89S52

microcontroller with a non volatile memory

Programs are developed using Embedded C, compiled using RIDE tool. ISP is

used to dump the code into microcontroller.

SOFTWARE:

Embedded ‘C’

RIDE to write code

ISP to burn the chip

HARDWARE:

At89s52 based our own developed board

Power Supply

IR Sensor

H-Bridge driver

Motors

ADVANTAGES: Low cost, automated operation, Low Power consumption.

REFERENCES

1. The 8051 micro controller and embedded systems by Mazidi.

2. www.wikipedia.org

3. WWW.atmel.com

4. www.8051projects.com

5. Embedded systems with 8051 by kenith j ayala